Download VTU B-Tech/B.E 2019 June-July 1st And 2nd Semester 2015 Jan 2014 Dec 14CHE12 Engineering Chemistry Question Paper

Code: 20A03301

B.Tech II Year I Semester (R20) Regular Examinations November 2021

FLUID MECHANICS

(Civil Engineering)

Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 75

Note: Answer all FIVE questions. All questions carry equal marks.

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1. a) Define viscosity and explain the effect of temperature on viscosity of water and air.

   b) A 90 mm diameter shaft rotates at 1200 rpm in a 100 mm long journal bearing. The clearance between the shaft and the bearing is 0.04 mm; the viscosity of the oil is 0.14 Pa.s. Determine the power lost in the bearing.

   OR

   c) Explain the working principle of different types of manometers used for measuring pressure in a pipe.

   d) A rectangular plate 1.25 m x 2.4 m is immersed in water, such that its plane makes an angle of 30° with the free water surface. Determine the hydrostatic force and center of pressure when the longer side is parallel to the water surface and at a depth of 1.5 m.

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2. a) Define streamline, pathline and streakline. Explain the difference between Lagrangian and Eulerian approach.

   b) The velocity potential function is given by f = 5(x² – y²). Determine the velocity components at the point (4, 5). Also, verify whether the given function satisfies the continuity equation.

   OR

   c) State Bernoulli's theorem. Derive Bernoulli's equation from Euler's equation of motion. List the assumptions made for deriving Bernoulli’s equation.

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   d) A pipe of diameter 30 cm conveys water. A venturimeter is placed in the pipe line to measure the discharge. The throat diameter is 15 cm. The pressure difference between the inlet and the throat is measured by a differential manometer which gives a reading of 25 cm of mercury. Determine the rate of flow of water in liters per second. Take C_d = 0.98.

3. a) What is Hagen Poiseuille's equation and derive the condition for the same?

   b) Determine the wall shear stress in a pipe of diameter 100 mm which carries water at a rate of 0.025 m³/s. The kinematic viscosity of water is 0.01 stokes and the friction factor is 0.005.

   OR

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   c) Explain the concept of boundary layer separation.

   d) A thin plate is moving in still air at a velocity of 5 m/s. The length of the plate is 0.6 m and width is 0.5 m. Calculate the drag force when the plate is kept inclined at an angle of 5° to the direction of flow. Assume C_D = 0.15 and C_L = 0.75.

4. a) Define and explain the dimensional homogeneity.

   b) Using Buckingham’s p theorem, show that the drag force F_D = ?V²D²f(µ/?VD), where F_D is the drag force, ? is the density, V is the velocity, D is the characteristic length and µ is the viscosity.

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   OR

   c) Explain the different types of hydraulic similarities.

   d) In a model test of a spillway, the discharge and velocity of flow were 2 m³/s and 1.5 m/s respectively. The scale ratio for the model was 1/36. Determine the corresponding discharge and velocity in the prototype.

5. a) Define gradually varied flow and rapidly varied flow.

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   b) Explain the classification of channel bottom slopes.

   OR

   c) Define specific energy and specific force. Obtain the expressions for critical depth and critical velocity.

   d) A rectangular channel of 5 m width carries water at a rate of 15 m³/s. If the depth of flow is 1.5 m, determine the specific energy and state whether the flow is subcritical or supercritical.

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