QUESTION BANK-CLINICAL PHARMACY-PHARM. D IV YEAR
CHAPTER 1: DEFINITIONS, DEVELOPMENT AND SCOPE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
WEIGHTAGE: 2
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2 Marks Questions
- Briefly differentiate the roles of Clinical, Community and Hospital Pharmacist.
- Scope of Clinical Pharmacy in India
- Mention the Milestones of Clinical Pharmacy
- Mention the areas where the clinical pharmacy can be applied
- List out the barriers hindering the clinical pharmacy development in India
- Can Clinical Pharmacist give better Patient care? Justify?
- Differentiate Hospital Pharmacy services and Clinical Pharmacy Services
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CHAPTER 2: INTRODUCTION TO DAILY ACTIVITIES OF A CLINICAL PHARMACIST
WEIGHTAGE: 10 +5+2=17
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10 Marks Questions
- What is Drug Therapy Monitoring? Explain the concept of Medication Chart Review 2+7
- Write the advantages and Disadvantages of Patient Counseling from Pharmacist and Patients point of view. Discuss the steps involved in Patient Counseling 4+6
- a.Brief the steps involved in Medication chart Review 6+2+2
b. Difference between Medication chart review and medication History Interview.--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c. Significance of Medication History interview - Write the Goals of DUE in Hospital setup? Explain Typical DUE cycle in detail 3+7
- What the goals are of ward round participation by clinical Pharmacist? Describe the Types and significance of ward round participation
- a. Brief the Process involved in Pharmacist intervention with health care professionals’b. Brief the Significance of Clinical review 7+3
- Write the Goals of DUE in Hospital setup? Explain Typical DUE cycle in detail 3+7
- What is Drug Therapy Review. Explain the components of Drug Therapy Review (2+8)
- Explain the role of Clinical pharmacist in a) Quality assurance of Clinical Pharmacy services
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b) Clinical review 6+4
10. Discuss the protocol and Importance of Drug Utilization Evaluation (DUE) 10
5 Marks Questions
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- What is mean by the term Quality assurance in clinical pharmacy? Explain in detail about the same.
- Discuss the various types of Audits in Clinical Pharmacy service.
- Discuss in brief about the steps involved in Medication history interview
- Discuss the quality assurance for Patient counseling
- Discuss the quality assurance for Drug Information queries
- Justify how the medication history interview will helps in taking clinical decisions? Discuss in brief on the structure of Medication History interview
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2 Marks Questions
- Distinguish DUE & DUR
- Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative DUE studies
- What is the significance of medication history interview?
- Enumerate the barriers for effective patient counselling.
- Write briefly on the use of various counselling aids.
- Enlist sources of data for drug usage evaluation in hospitals
- Define Post Marketing Surveillance
- Define Dechallenge and Rechallenge
- List out the Causality Assessment scales
- How pharmacist can involve in Prevention of ADRs
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CHAPTER 3: PATIENT DATA ANALYSIS
WEIGHTAGE: 2+2=4
2 Marks Questions
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- Write the full form of: a) GERD b) MCHC c) SGOT d) COPD
- Write the full form of: a) HbA1c b) HS c) CRP d) SOS
- Write the full form of: a) BBB b) ANC c) AFB d) EEG
- Write the full form of: a) PFR b) ZES c) SJS d)CAD
- Define the following:a) Otorhinolaryngology b) Otitis media
- Structure of patient case history
- Define the following:a) Cellulitisb) Dysplasia
- What are the components of patient medication chart?
- Define a) Cholecystectomy b) Rhabdomyolysis
- Pharmacist's annotation in Case sheet
- Components of Patient case History
- Write the full form of: a) TIA b) TIBC
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CHAPTER 4: Clinical laboratory tests used in the evaluation of disease states, and interpretation of test results of some commonly ordered lab tests.
WEIGHTAGE: 5+2+2=9
5 Marks Questions
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- Mention the different tests in the evaluation of hematological disorders. How would you differentiate microcytic and macrocytic anemia.
- Explain the different hematological tests useful in classifying types of anemias along with the normal values.
- Discuss the Clinical significance of serum electrolytes of Sodium, Potassium and Calcium
- Discuss the importance of various thyroid function tests
- Explain in brief about the various Pulmonary function tests
- Describe how infectious organisms are diagnosed by laboratory tests
- List and explain the various liver function tests
- Discuss in brief on Cardiac Markers
- Explain the different methods of microbial culture sensitivity tests
- Clinical Implications of commonly ordered Renal Function tests.
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2 Marks Questions
- What is hyponatremia? List out the possible causes of hyponatremia.
- What is the significance of a) BUN b) ESR?
- What is the significance of test for Creatinine Kinase?
- Explain how white blood cell count (WBC)and differential count (DC) are useful in diagnosing infections.
- Clinical Implications for commonly ordered Renal Function tests.
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- Write the Cockcroft-Gault Equation
- Write a note on SGOT,SGPT and their reference values
- Application of Culture sensitivity tests
- Clinical Implications of ECG
- Significance of serum Magnesium and Phosphate
- Normal values of MCV and MCHC
- Name the 2 drugs altering serum Potassium levels
- Normal values of Troponin & LDH
- Name the 2 drugs altering serum Sodium levels
- Normal values and significance of Bilirubin
- Normal value and clinical significance of ALP,AST
- Name the 2 drugs altering serum calcium levels.
- Normal value and Serum Creatinine and BUN
- Normal value of ESR and its clinical significance
- Normal value of HbA1c and its significance
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CHAPTER 5: Drug & Poison information
WEIGHTAGE: 5+2=7
5 Marks Questions
- Write a note on Drug information center? Write the advantages and disadvantages of drug information resources with suitable examples.
- Explain the role of DIC and its relationship with various healthcare professionals.
- Discuss the various requirement for setting up of drug information center in detail
- Discuss the requirement of Drug and poison Information centers in detail.
- Explain the systematic approach in answering the drug information query
- Explain in detail about the organization and information resources of poison information Centre.
- Write in detail about the resources used in Drug information center.
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- Explain the differences between DIC and PIC
- Critical Evaluation of Drug Information literatures
- Preparation of written and verbal drug information query reports and documentation
2 Marks Questions
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- Write four examples of primary drug information resources
- Enumerate four Tertiary resources used in poison information Centre
- Write four examples of secondary drug information resource.
- Write four examples of tertiary drug information resource
- Mention the various functions of DIC
- Write the advantages and disadvantages of Primary resources
- List out the skills required for drug information specialists
- Draw the layout of DIC
- Discuss in brief on the Material requirement for DIC& PIC
- Discuss in brief on the staff requirement for DIC & PIC
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CHAPTER 6: Pharmacovigilance
WEIGHTAGE: 10
10 Marks Questions
- Define and classify adverse drug reactions. Explain the predisposing factors of ADRs.
- Define ADR. Discuss about WHO and Naranjo's scale
- Differentiate ADR and ADE. Classify ADRs and add a note on the mechanism of action for the same.
- Define Pharmacovigilance. Explain the mechanism of type "A" and type ‘B’ADRs.
- Write the role of pharmacist in Prevention, monitoring and management of ADRs.
- Discuss the predisposing factors for ADRs?
- Discuss in detail on voluntary reporting of ADRs. Give the reasons for ADRs under report?
- Define and write the importance of Causality Assessment. Explain the WHO scale
- Write in brief on the scope and aims of pharmacovigilance. Discuss on voluntaryADR reporting system in various countries
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10. Discuss in detail on various methods of ADR monitoring
CHAPTER 7: Communication skills, including patient counselling techniques, medication history interview, presentation of cases.
WEIGHTAGE: 2+2=4
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2 Marks Questions
- Enumerate the barriers for effective communication.
- Explain the importance of good communication skills for a clinical pharmacist
- Enumerate the stages of verbal communication
- Define Communication? Mention the various factors affecting the communication?
- Explain the various types of Communication in hospital setup.
- Discuss on Patient counseling technique
- Structure of case Presentation
- Examples of open ended and closed ended question
- Patient information Leaflets
- Describe on Non-verbal communication
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CHAPTER 8: Pharmaceutical care concepts
WEIGHTAGE: 5
5 Marks Questions
- Define pharmaceutical care. Explain the role of clinical pharmacist in pharmaceutical care
- Define and explain pharmaceutical care.
- Write a short note on SOAP format and FORM format
- Explain briefly the concepts of pharmaceutical care
- Explain Pharmaceutical care at Community Pharmacy Setup
- Write note on Pharmaceutical care at Institutional setup
- Explain the PRIME Format for Providing Pharmaceutical care
- Explain Patient related outcomes in Pharmaceutical Care
- Skills and materials required for providing pharmaceutical care
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10. Write the principles of pharmaceutical care
CHAPTER 9: Critical evaluation of biomedical literature
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WEIGHTAGE: 5
5 Marks Questions
- Describe Critical evaluation of biomedical literature? How do you evaluate the biomedical literatures?
- Explain how the primary research is evaluated?
- Define critical evaluation of biomedical literature? How do you evaluate a primary research paper?
- Explain on Critical evaluation of Biomedical literature
- Explain in brief on Critical evaluation of primary and secondary research paper
- Describe on various study designs
- Discuss on Systematic review and Meta-analysis
- Define the terms: a) Randomization b) Blinding c) Biomedical literature d) EBM e) cohort study
- Explain cohort study and EBM studies.
- Discuss On randomization in research design.
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CHAPTER 10: Medication errors
WEIGHTAGE: 5+2=7
5 Marks Questions
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- Define Medication errors. Categorize the Medication errors with examples.
- Classify Medication errors. What are the factors influencing the medication errors?
- What are medication errors? Explain the role of pharmacist in prevention of medication errors
- What are the different types of medication errors? Explain each with an Example
- Classify Medication Error as per NCC-MERP.
- Describe the causes of medication error
- Role of pharmacist in the Prevention and Management of Medication error.
- Write any five examples of Dispensing error which you have observed.
- Write any five examples of Prescribing error which you have observed
- Give 5 examples of look-alike and sound alike drugs.
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2 Marks Questions
- Define medication Error and Medical error
- Role of pharmacist in management of Medication error
- Describe on COPE system
- Give 2 examples of LASA drugs
- Describe on administration errors
- Safety measures for prescribing errors
- Safety measures for administration errors
- Structure of Medication error reporting form
- Importance of Root cause Analysis in medication safety
- How we can minimize the dispensing errors.
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