OPHTHALMOLOGY
1) ANATOMY
LONG QUESTIONS
- Discuss the theories of aqueous humour formation, circulation and drainage. 4+3+3 ('15)
- Describe the anatomy & physiology of lens. What is mechanism of accommodation? 4+3+3 ('16)
SHORT NOTES
- Vitreous hemorrhage ('10)
2) REFRACTION AND ACCOMODATION ERROR
LONG QUESTIONS
- Describe the anatomy of physiological lens. What is the mechanism of accommodation? ('13)
- Briefly discuss the various methods of determination of visual acuity? ('10)
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SHORT NOTES
- Pathological Myopia. ('11,'14)
- Hypermetropia. ('12)
- Complications of myopia. ('08,'05)
- Myopia. ('15,'09,'03)
- Presbyopia. ('05, 17)
- Anisometropia. ('04)
- Treatment of Myopia ('18)
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3) EYELID
LONG QUESTIONS
- Describe the anatomy of upper eyelid with a labelled diagram. 7+3 ('14)
- Write in brief with a diagram structure of upper eyelids. ('05)
- What are the causes of Entropion of Eye lid? What may its complications? ('94)
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SHORT NOTES
- Symblepharon.
- Entropion. ('13)
- Blepharitis ('00)
- Ptosis ('99)
- Hordeolum internum ('98,'94)
- Lagophthalmos ('96)
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4) CONJUNCTIVA
LONG QUESTIONS
- Describe the anatomy of conjunctiva. ('11)
- Discuss pupillary reactions, with special reference to their basis and clinical significance. ('10)
- Write down the differential diagnosis of red eye. ('07)
- What do you mean by Xerosis of Conjunctiva? What are the different types of Xerosis of conjunctiva & what are the causes? Write down different stages of Vit. A deficiency and describe its management. ('02)
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SHORT NOTES
- Pterygium. ('15,'00)
- Management of recurrent Pterygium ('08, 17)
- Vernal conjunctivitis. ('05,'07,'11)
- Phlyctenular Conjunctivitis. ('03, 17)
- Bitot's spot. ('01)
- Subconjunctival hemorrhage ('00)
- Xerosis of conjunctiva ('98)
- Pannus ('95,'94)
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5) CORNEA
LONG QUESTIONS
- Describe in brief the management of a case of a bacterial corneal ulcer. How would you treat a non-healing ulcer? Enumerate the complications of corneal ulcers. 5+3+2 ('15)
- Describe the clinical features of uncomplicated bacterial corneal ulcer. Outline its management. ('08,'01)
- Describe in brief the different layers of cornea with diagram mentioning the special clinical significance related to each of them. ('07)
- Discuss etiology, clinical features, complications and management of Herpes Zoster ophthalmicus? ('03)
- Describe the sign symptoms and complications of a case of progressive corneal ulcer? How do you treat such a case? ('99)
- Describe the clinical features of Hypopyon Corneal Ulcer? How do you manage such a case? ('96)
- What is keratoplasty? What are types? How will you collect the donor cornea & how will you preserve it? 2+2+4+2 (17)
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SHORT NOTES
- Clinical features of vernal kerato-conjunctivitis. ('13)
- Bacterial corneal ulcer. ('12)
- Indications of keratoplasty. ('09)
- Keratoplasty. ('08)
- Cycloplegics. (04)
- Hypopyon. ('02,'98,'94)
- Transparency of the cornea ('01)
- Hypopyon corneal ulcer (16)
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6) SCLERA
SHORT NOTES
- Staphyloma ('02,08,12,16)
- Posterior staphyloma ('04)
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7) UVEA
- Describe the clinical features, management & complications of acute anterior uveitis? 3+4+3 ('04)
- What are the causes of Red eye? Write in brief about their differential diagnosis with management. ('12)
- Write down differential diagnosis of Red eye. 10 ('07)
- A patient attended Eye OPD with painful Red congested eye with semi-dilated pupil. What is your diagnosis and what investigation will you do to confirm your diagnosis? Write in brief the management of the patient? 5+5+5 ('04)
SHORT NOTES
- Red Eye. ('10)
- Keratic precipitates. ('09)
- Ring synaechia ('02)
- Phthisis bulbi ('02)
- Cilliary congestion ('01)
- Endophalmitis ('18)
- Keratic precipitate ('18)
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8) LENS
LONG QUESTIONS
- What are the causes of seeing rainbow Halo around light? Describe the management of one such case having severe pain in the eye. 3+7 ('15)
- A patient comes with Rainbow Haloes. How will you diagnose the case? ('13)
- What are causes of seeing Rainbow Halo? Describe the management of one such case following severe pain in eye. ('11)
- What is Aphakia? What is difference between aphakia & pseudophakia? How do you manage a case of uniocular aphakia after cataract operation due to trauma? (On a patient of 20 yrs. of age) 10 ('01)
- What are the points you should note in a cataract case before surgery, both for avoiding complications & better visual result? 12 ('98)
- How do you prepare a patient before cataract operation? How do you predict the outcome of cataract surgery? 7+3 (16)
- Enumerate the post-operative complication of cataract surgery. Briefly outline the treatment of any one of them. 6+4 (17)
- A 65 years old patient presented with gradual painless dimness of vision in both eyes during last 2 years. Discuss the differential diagnosis and management. ('18)
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SHORT NOTES
- SICS. ('13)
- Biometry. ('12)
- Capsulotomy in cataract extraction. ('11)
- Morgagnian cataract. ('11)
- Early postoperative complication following cataract surgery. ('09)
- Hypermature cataract. ('09, 04,99)
- Phacolytic glaucoma. ('08)
- After cataract. ('05)
- Pseudophakia. ('05)
- Hyphaemia ('04)
- Complicated cataract. ('03)
- IOL ('99)
- Convex lens. ('01)
- Astigmatism ('00)
- Contact lens, ('00)
- Lamellar cataract ('98,'94)
- Posterior capsular opacification (17)
- Biometry('18)
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8) LACRIMAL APPARATUS
LONG QUESTIONS
- Briefly discuss the symptoms, signs and management of case of chronic dacryocystitis. ('10)
- Write brief the anatomy of the lacrimal apparatus with a labelled diagram. ('08)
- What is chronic dacryocystitis? Describe the steps of dacryocystorhinostomy ('16)
- Describe the anatomy of lacrimal apparatus with a labelled diagram. Enumerate the causes of watering of eye. ('18)
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SHORT NOTES
- Epiphora. C98:15)
- Acute dacryocystitis. ('13)
- Dacryocystorhinostomy (09)
- Congenital dacryocystitis. (03, 05)
- Syringing of the lacrimal passage. ('12)
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9) GLAUCOMA
LONG QUESTIONS
- How would you diagnose a case of open angle glaucoma and follow up such patient? ('10)
- Describe intraocular pressure? Discuss different conditions where the intraocular pressure is low. ('09)
- Describe clinical features and management of a patient suffering from an acute attack of angle closure glaucoma. ('05)
- Describe the anatomy of the angle of anterior chamber of eye ball? Write in short your plan for medical treatment of open angle glaucoma? ('01)
- Discuss the symptoms, sign & management of acute congested glaucoma? ('98)
- Describe symptoms, signs and management of acute attack of angle closure glaucoma.('18)
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SHORT NOTES
- Field changes in Primary open angle glaucoma ('15)
- Pan-ophthalmitis. ('14)
- Trabeculectomy. ('14, 07)
- Absolute glaucoma. ('02,'96)
- Acute congestive glaucoma of one eye. ('97)
- Phacolytic glaucoma (08, 16)
- Anti-glaucoma drugs. (16)
- Buphthalmos (17)
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10) RETINA
LONG QUESTIONS
- A child of 3 yrs. age presented with a White reflex behind the pupil. Discuss the differential diagnosis and management in brief. ('04,'96)
SHORT NOTES
- Diabetic retinopathy. ('11)
- Enucleation. ('11)
- Macula lutea. ('01)
- Retinoblastoma ('16)
- Enucleation('18)
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11) IRIS
LONG QUESTIONS
- Describe signs, symptoms and management of acute iridocyclitis ('11)
- Describe the clinical features of iridocyclitis. How do you differentiate it from acute attack of primary angle closure glaucoma? ('08)
- Describe the symptoms and sign of acute iridocyclitis? How do you differentiate it from acute congested glaucoma? How do you treat such a case? ('00,'98,'94)
12) OCCULAR TRAUMA
LONG QUESTIONS
- A seven years old boy was hit by a cricket ball in one eye. Enumerate the possible damage in each of the ocular structures expected in such a case. Describe the options for treatment/manage in each injury. 7+3 ('00,'14)
- Describe the effect of blunt trauma in the eye ('12)
- A young adult patient presents with a history of blunt injury by blow in one eye. Discuss the possible lesions in brief and their management. ('05)
- A player sustain injury in the eye by a cricket ball. What are the possible effects of injury in different structures of eye? What first-aid will you offer in such a case? ('99)
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SHORT NOTES
- Removal of Corneal foreign body. ('13)
- Evisceration. ('14,'12)
- Paracentesis ('07, 16)
- Commotio Retinae. ('03)
- Siderosis bulbi. ('01)
- Alkali burn of eye.('18)
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13) COMMUNITY OPHTHALMOLOGY
LONG QUESTIONS
- Enumerate the causes of night blindness. Write down the clinical features and management of Vit. A deficiency. ('13)
- Write down the different stages of Vit. A deficiency and describe its management. ('12)
- How do suspect Vit. A deficiency in a child? What are the effects in the eye in this deficiency? How do you prevent it? ('00)
- What is night blindness? What are its causes? How do you investigate such a case and advice treatment? ('99)
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SHORT NOTES
- Eye banking and keratoplasty. ('15)
- Vision 2020. ('15,'07)
- Dilated pupil in one eye. ('10)
- Nutritional blindness ('17)
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14) OCCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
SHORT NOTES
- Side effects of tropical corticosteroids. ('10)
15) OCCULAR MOTILITY
LONG QUESTIONS
- Discuss briefly the management of esotropia in a 2-year-old. ('10)
- Describe origin, insertion, nerve supply and actions of extra-ocular muscles. ('09)
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SHORT NOTES
- Binocular vision. ('13)
- Management of right convergent squint. ('08)
16) NEURO OPHTHALMOLOGY
LONG QUESTION
- Describe the path of light reflex with diagram. ('12)
- Draw a schematic diagram of pupillary light reflex. Mention the drugs acting on pupil. 6+4 (17)
SHORT NOTES
- Papilledema ('99)
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17) MISCELLANEOUS
LONG QUESTIONS
- Enumerate the possible causes of sudden painful dimness of vision in a 35 years old female patient. Briefly discuss the signs, symptoms and management of any one of the cause. 3+3+4 ('14)
- Write down the causes of gradual and painless loss of vision and their differential diagnosis. ('09,'94))
- Write down the differential diagnosis of sudden loss of vision. ('07)
- What are the causes of sudden loss of vision in one eye? What investigations do you suggest? ('06)
SHORT NOTES
- Use of laser in eye. ('14)
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