All questions carry equal marks
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1. Write about:
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a) Historical contributions of Antonie Van Leeuwen Hock, Edward Jenner, Louis Pasteurand Robert Koch.
b) Major divisions of microbial world and their relation. [7+7]
2.a) Explain the study of different media required for the growth of microbes.
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b) Write a detailed note on determination of viable counts. [9+5]3. Describe the principle and method of:
a) Gram?s staining
b) Acid fast staining. [7+7]
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4. Explain the following methods of sterilization and add notes on merits and demerits in
each case.
a) Filtration sterilization
b) Radiation sterilization
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c) Gaseous sterilization. [5+5+4]5. Write about:
a) Bactericidal, bacteristatic, and virucide-give examples and their mechanism of action.
b) validation of autoclave. [9+5]
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6. Describe the following:
a) Antigen-Antibody reactions
b) Exo and Endotoxins. [10+4]
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7. Write about:a) Microbiological assays-different types and importance
b) Microbiological assay of Vit B2 [8+6]
8. Write about the symptoms, source, spread and control of the following:
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a) Typhoidb) Syphilis
c) HIV. [5+5+4]
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