Subject Title: Cell Biology, Genetics and Evolution
Year: II
Semester: IV
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Prepared by: Mohammadi Sultana
Updated on: 23-03-19
Unit - I: Cell biology
Short Answers:
- Write a short note on cell theory.
- Give an account of Ultrastructure of animal cell.
- Give an account of structure and function of Ribosomes.
- Give an account of structure and function of Lysosomes.
- Lambrush chromosomes
- Polytene chromosomes.
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Long Answers:
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- Describe the structure and function of plasma membrane.
- Explain in detail about Endoplasmic Reticulum.
- Describe the structure and function of Golgi complex.
- Describe the structure of Mitochondria and its importance in the cell activity.
- Explain the process of Glycolysis, Kreb cycle, and Electron Transport system in the cell of Mitochondria.
- Describe the Morphology of chromosomes and types of chromosomes.
- Describe in detail about Mitotic cell division.
- Explain various steps involved in Meiotic cell division.
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Unit — II: Molecular Biology
Short Answers:
- Genetic code
- Operon concept
- Electrophorosis
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Long Answers:
- Explain in detail about structure and function of DNA.
- Explain in detail about structure and function of RNA.
- Write an essay on Replication of DNA.
- How Transcription and Translation play an important role in Protein synthesis.
- Describe the regulation of Gene action with the help of Lac Operon model.
- Define genetic code and write its significance in Central Dogma of Molecular biology.
- How Polymerase chain reaction can be applied as a tool in disease diagnosis.
- Explain the method of slab gel Electrophorosis.
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Unit — III: Genetics
Short Answers:
- Write a short note of Linkage and Crossing over.
- Incomplete dominance.
- Codominance
- Epistasis.
- Gene mutation- Delection, Duplication.
- Chromosomal mutation-Aneuploidy and polyploidy.
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism.
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Long Answers:
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- Explain the Mendel's and Non Mendel’s law of inheritance with suitable examples.
- Define and describe interaction of genes with suitable examples.
- Explain in detail about Linkage and Crossing over.
- Describe the mechanism of Sex determination in man and drosophila.
- Explain about Sex-Linked inheritance.
- Write an essay on one gene one enzyme concept and one gene one polypeptide concept.
- Describe the diseases of man that are caused due to chromosomal mutation.
- Write an essay on diseases which occur due to chromosomal aberration in man.
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Unit — IV; Evolution
Short Answers:
- Lamarkicism theory.
- Darwinism theory.
- Define Hardy Weinberg equilibrium.
- Write short note on Atrtifical selection.
- Allopatric speciation
- Sympatric speciarion.
- Gene flow
- Genetic Drift.
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Long Answers:
- Define evolution and describe the theories of evolution.
- Write an essay on modern synthetic theory of evolution.
- Define Fossils and types of Fossilization.
- Explain in detail about Natural selection and describe various types of Natural selection.
- What is Isolation and explain various types of isolating mechanism acting on the process of organic evolution.
- Write an essay on Speciation and types of speciation.
- Explain various forces of evolution.
- Describe the Homologous and Analogous organs of vertebrates in evolution.
- Write the role of Extinction in evolution.
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