Download MGR MBBS 2nd Year Microbiology Syllabus

MICROBIOLOGY

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II. M.B.B.S. MICROBIOLOGY PRESCRIBED TEACHING HOURS - 250 Hrs.

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GOAL :
The broad goal of the teaching of undergraduate students in Microbiology is to provide
an understanding of the natural history of infectious diseases in order to deal with the
etiology, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis, treatment, control and prevention of

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infections in the community, immune system in health and disease.
OBJECTIVES:
A) Knowledge
At the end of the course, the student will be able to acquire knowledge in the following:
1) Morphology, classification of bacteria and the virulence mechanisms.

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2) The principles and practice of sterilization and disinfection in health care
settings
3) The various mechanisms of transfer of genes between bacteria and the ge-
netic
mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance.

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4) Normal flora of the human body and describe the host parasite relationship
5) List the pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi and
describe the Pathogenesis of the disease produced by them with emphasis
on
diseases of clinical and public health importance

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6)
Epidemiology and transmission of zoonoses, arthropod borne diseases
and
opportunistic infections

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology Syllabus

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A
Goal and objectives
Sl.No
Content
Must Know

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Desirable to Know
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7) Basic immunology- Innate immunity, Structure and functions of cells and
organs
of immune system, antigen & antibody reactions, complement, antigen

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presentation and cell mediated immunity.
Clinical immunological aspects - like hypersensitivity reactions, autoimmune
disorders, immunodeficiency diseases, immunity in infections, principles of
vaccination tumor and transplantation immunology.
8) Principles of laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases; estimation of diag-

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nostic accuracy of lab tests -sensitivity, specificity and predictive values
9) Antimicrobial agents for treatment of infections and antimicrobial steward-
ship.
10)Water and Food borne diseases; epidemiology and demonstration of water
analysis

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11) Health care associated infections and principles of infection control including
standard work precautions & biomedical waste management.
12) Principles of infectious diseases surveillance: Investigation of outbreaks in-
cluding collection of samples and control measures.
B) SKILLS: The following are the skills expected to be acquired by the students at the

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end of course:
1) Operate the light compound microscope.
2) Common laboratory techniques (as given below) for the direct demonstration
of microorganisms from clinical materials and interpret their findings.
(a) Saline and iodine wet mount preparations (stool) for the demonstration

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of trophozoites, Ova or cysts
(b) Collection of blood by finger prick, preparation of smear and Giemsa/JSB
staining and examination for malarial parasites and microfilariae.
(c) Preparation of a smear and performance of Gram stain and interpretation
?

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology Syllabus
A
Goal and objectives
Sl.No
Content

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Must Know
Desirable to Know
Nice to Know
body fluids, urine, sputum and pus specimens,
(d) Preparation of a smear and performance of Ziehl ? Neelsen stain with

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biosafety
precautions for the demonstration of acid fast bacilli from sputum and
reading with bacterial index.
3) Identification of the common microorganisms isolated from clinical speci-
mens by colony appearance and biochemical tests genus/species level.

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Interpretation of the results of antimicrobial testing for the diagnosis of com-
mon infectious diseases.
4) Identification of some common fungi based on colony morphology and Lac-
tophenol cotton blue microscopy ; KOH wet mount preparation
5) Reading and interpretation of serological tests -Widal, rapid plasma Reagin, ,

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HIV/HBV ELISA /Rapid tests, latex agglutination tests-rheumatoid factor and
ASO.
6) Blood collection through venipuncture with aseptic precautions while perform-
ing
Blood culture

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7) Collection of clinical samples :pus through syringe (aspirate) or swab ;clean
catch midstream urine sample ;sputum with minimal contamination by saliva
8) Hand hygiene and standard work precautions.

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology Syllabus
A

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Goal and objectives
Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable to Know

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Nice to Know

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology Syllabus
B
Integrated seminars/lectures
C) INTEGRATION:

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The following are some of the topics for integrated lecture/seminar
Sl.N
Name of the topic
Integra on
o

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Horizontal
Ver cal
1.
Tuberculosis
Microbiology, Pathology, Social

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Anatomy, General medicine,
and preven ve medicine,
Pulmonology, Pediatrics,
Pharmacology
2

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malaria
Microbiology, Pathology, Social
General medicine, Pediatrics
and preven ve medicine,
Pharmacology

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3.
HIV/AIDS
Microbiology, Social preven ve
Dermatology & STD, General
medicine

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medicine, pediatrics,
4
Dengue
Microbiology, Social and
General medicine, pediatrics,

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preven ve medicine,
Pharmacology
5
Sexually
Microbiology, Social preven ve

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Dermatology & STD, General
transmi ed
medicine
medicine,
infec ons

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6
Respiratory tract
Microbiology, Pathology,
Anatomy, Physiology, General
infec ons

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Pharmacology
medicine, pediatrics, Pulmonology
7
CNS infec ons
Microbiology, Pathology,

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Anatomy, General medicine,
Pharmacology
Pediatrics, Neurology
8
Gastrointes nal

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Microbiology, Social preven ve
General medicine, Pediatrics,
tract infec ons-
medicine
acute diarrheal

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disease & Food
poisoning
9
Urinary tract
Microbiology

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Anatomy, Physiology, General
infec ons
medicine, Pediatrics, Urology,
Nephrology, Obstetrics and

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology Syllabus

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B
Integrated seminars/lectures
gynecology
10
Wound infec ons

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Microbiology
Surgery, Obstetrics and
& surgical site
gynecology, Orthopedics, Plas c
infec ons

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Surgery
11
An microbial use
Microbiology
General medicine, Pediatrics,

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& stewardship
Surgery, Obstetrics & gynecology
12
Steriliza on &
Microbiology

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Anesthesiology, surgery, CSSD,
Disinfec on
13
Healthcare
Microbiology, Social preven ve

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General medicine, Pediatrics,
associated
medicine
Surgery, Obstetrics and
Infec ons &

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gynecology
infec on control

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 1
GENERAL BACTERIOLOGY

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Content
Must Know
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1
Introduc on &
Role of Microbiology in infec ous diseases
Edward Jenner, Ronald Ross,
Kary Mullis and PCR

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History
History of vaccina on, steriliza on, an sep c
Armaeur Hansen, Frank Burnet
Enders at all,
surgery, virology and immunology

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Karl Landsteiner
Scien sts: Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch, Antony von
History of vaccina on,
Leeuwenhoek, Alexander Fleming, lie Metchnikoff,
steriliza on, tuberculosis

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Joseph Lister, Paul Ehrlich, Ernst Ruska
2
Microscopy
Types of microscope: Simple, Compound- Bright -
Interference microscope,

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field & Dark Field, Fluorescent Microscope,
Confocal Scanning Laser
Dissec ng (Stereo) microscope
Microscope,
3

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Staining
Gram, AFB (Ziehl Neelsen), Giemsa, JSB, Nega ve
AFB (M. leprae), Modified AFB
Flagellar Stain
Methods

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staining (India ink), KOH wet mount , Alberts
for Nocardia & cryptosporidium,
Fontana Silver
Staining, Lacto-phenol co on blue, Iodine mount,
AFB -fluorochrome, Ponder,

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Impregna on, Calcofluor
Trichrome, Neissers,
4
Morphology of
Structure and Func ons: Cell wall, Capsule, Flagella,

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Slime layer, Cytoplasmic
Nucleus, Ribosomes
Bacteria
Fimbriae, Spores
Membrane

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Desmosomes, Molecular
Classifica on of
Phylogene c Classifica on, Intra species
Numerical Taxonomy
classifica on

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bacteria
Classifica on, Bacterial Nomenclature
5
Nutri on and
Nutri on, respira on (anaerobic &aerobic) and

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Bacterial Counts,
Bacteriocins,
growth of
growth of bacteria, growth curve, factors influencing
Biofilms

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Con nuous Culture
Bacteria
growth; Fermenta on-Glucose, formic acid, butane
diol
6

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Culture Media
Solid: Nutrient, Blood, chocolate, MacConkey,
Liquid media for M. TB,
Chromogenic media
& Cul va on

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Mueller Hinton, CLED, XLD, TCBS, LJ, Sabourauds,
Potassium Tellurite agar, BACTEC
methods
Dextrose, Cary Blair, Amie's, Stuart, Thayer
&MGIT- AFB culture using liquid

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Mar n,Liquid: peptone water, nutrient broth, brain

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 1
GENERAL BACTERIOLOGY
Sl.No

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Content
Must Know
Desirable to Know
Nice to Know
heart infusion, Tryptone soya broth, Alkaline

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media
peptone, Selenite Culture methods Aerobic, AFB
culture (solid),Anaerobic : Robertson cooked meat
and Thioglycollate , Air evacua on system, Gaspack
7

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Iden fica on of
Cultural Characteris cs: Colony morphology,
All sugars fermenta on and
Animal Pathogenicity,
bacteria

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fermenta on of lactose, Hemolysis, CAMP test,
Lysine ornithine arginine
Sero Typing of Bacterial
Biochemical Reac ons: Indole , Citrate u liza on,
metabolism

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Strains
urease, triple sugar iron agar, VP-MR, slide and tube
Sero grouping
Molecular Methods
coagulase, catalase, oxidase, bacitracin and

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Rapid ID Methods (Automated)
optochin sensi vity, bile solubility, X-V Factor test
8
Steriliza on &
Defini on

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ETO, Plasma Steriliza on,
Tes ng of Disinfectants
Disinfec on
Bacterial death pa ern, thermal death me and
Central Sterile Supply

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point, Decidual reduc on me.
Department (CSSD)
Methods of Steriliza on,
High level disinfectants-Per
Moist Heat Steriliza on-Autoclave in detail

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ace c acid, Hydrogen peroxide
Disinfec on-High, Intermediate and Low level
Disinfec on of cri cal and semi
Chemical disinfectants-phenol, chlorine, Iodine.
cri cal instruments

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glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde
Disinfec on of endoscopes
Steriliza on monitoring & Steriliza on Controls
9
Bacterial

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Methods of Gene Transfer, Plasmids, transposons,
DNA Methods-Plasmid finger
Gene sequencing
Gene cs
Muta ons,

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prin ng, RFLP, Pulse field Gel
Gene Microarray
Gene c basis of mechanisms of drug resistance
Electrophoresis, DNA
Gene c Engineering-cloning &recombinant DNA

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hybridiza on, Ribotyping,
technology.
Polymerase chain reac on (PCR)

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 1

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GENERAL BACTERIOLOGY
Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable to Know

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Nice to Know
10
An microbials
Defini ons: an microbial, an bio c, MIC,
MIC determina on

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Molecular method of
&
synergism, antagonism
Mul drug resistance in
detec on of

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Chemotherapy
Classifica on: chemical, mechanism of ac on &
Tuberculosis
an microbial resistance
an microbial spectrum

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An microbial suscep bility Tes ng-Disc diffusion
Mechanisms of drug resistance- lactamase
produc on, Methicillin Resistance in S. aureus;
vancomycin resistant enterococci, combina on of
an microbials ,An microbial stewardship

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11
Normal flora
Introduc on - various sites, types role of normal
An microbials on normal flora
flora in preven on of infec ons & in drug resistance,

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13
Microbial
Commensal, pathogenic and opportunis c
Mechanisms of ac on of
pathogenicity

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organisms. Virulence determinants: capsule,
Exotoxins
fimbriae, exotoxins, enzymes, intracellular
parasi sm, an genic varia on & extrinsic factors
Types of infec on: primary, secondary, general,

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local, natural, nosocomial, iatrogenic, zoono c.

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 2
IMMUNOLOGY
Sl.No

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Content
Must Know
Desirable to Know
Nice to Know
1

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Immunity
Defini on of immunity, types of immunity, innate
Pathogen associated molecular
Cytokines involved in
immunity, acquired immunity

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pa erns, Pathogen Recogni on
innate immunity
Components of innate immunity
Receptors (PRR), Toll like
Interferons

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ac ve and passive immunity and local immunity.
receptors,
Opsoniza on and phagocytosis
Natural killer cells
2

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An gen
Defini on: An gen, Hapten, immunogen types,
Various routes of administra on
Recombinant DNA
an gen determinants, proper es of an gen.

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of an gens
derived protein and
Methods of prepara on of
Synthe c pep des as
an gens

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an gens for diagnos c
tests and vaccina on
3
An body
Defini on, structure of immunoglobulins,

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Hypo gamma globulinaemia
Ig Class switching
immunoglobulin isotypes, immunoglobulin classes,
Immuno gene cs and an body
Quan ta on of

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idiotypic an bodies physical and biological
diversity
immunoglobulins
proper es of immunoglobulins.,
Immunoglobulin therapy

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Humanized monoclonal
Func ons of an bodies in immune response
Monoclonal an body
an body therapy
Detec on of IgM and IgG class an bodies in the

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Hybridoma technology
diagnosis of infec ous diseases
4
An gen &
Forces binding An gen and an body

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Western Blot
Immune Electron
An body
Epitope and paratopes
Radial Immuno diffusion,

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Microscopy Chemi-
Reac on
Affinity and Avidity, Immune complex
Immuno -electrophoresis
luminescence

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5
Complement
Complement Pathways
Complement Deficiency
Quan ta on of

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system
Func ons of complement
Diseases
Complements
Regula on of complement pathway

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 2
IMMUNOLOGY
Sl.No
Content

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Must Know
Desirable to Know
Nice to Know
6
Structure and

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Primary & Secondary Lymphoid OrgansB
MALT (Mucosal Associated
------
Func ons of
Lymphocytes-Ac va on and an body produc onT

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Lymphoid Tissues), Dendri c
the Immune
Lymhocytes-CD4+(Helper) and CD8+cytotoxic
Cells, Mast CellsHLA Typing and
system

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cellsNK cells, Monocytes & MacrophagesAn gen
Applica ons
Presen ng Cell & Major Histo compa bility Complex
(MHC)-an gen Processing
7

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Hypersensi vit
Defini on & Types of Hypersensi vity ? I, II, III, IV
Desensi za on in anaphylaxis
Detec on of immune
y Reac on

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Immediate Vs Delayed, IgE and IgE receptors,
type V reac on
complexes
8
Auto Immunity

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Mechanisms of tolerance
Rheuma c Fever
Hashimato's thyroidi s
Role of Thymus in tolerance
Rheumatoid arthri s

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Grave's disease
Mechanisms of ac va on autoreac ve T cells
Systemic Lupus erythematosus,
Thrombocytopenic
Classifica on & Pathogenesis of Auto immune

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Type-1 diabetes mellitus
purpura, Management of
diseases
Autoimmune disorders
9

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Transplanta on
Types of Gra s,
MHC matching (HLA Typing)
Kidney & liver transplants
Immunology

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Mechanism of transplant rejec on,
Immunosuppression by
Bone marrow transplant
Acute, hyper acute rejec on, Gra Versus Host
cor costeroids, cytotoxic drugs

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reac on,
and cyclosporine
Preven on of gra rejec on
10
Tumour

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Tumour rejec on an gens
Humanized monoclonal
Flow cytometry in the
Immunology
Immune response to tumours

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an body therapy in cancers
diagnosis of malignancies
Immunotoxins
Vaccines against tumors
11

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Immuno
Humoral, Cellular & Combined Immuno Deficiency
Deficiency
Defect of Phagocytosis
Disorder

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C 2
IMMUNOLOGY
Sl.No
Content

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Must Know
Desirable to Know
Nice to Know
12
Immunohemat

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Blood Group an gens, Blood grouping, Cross
ology
matching, Coomb's test Rh &ABO incompa bilityRh
D immuniza on
13

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Immuno
Na onal Immuniza on Schedule (EPI),
Live a enuated varicella
New Vaccine strategies
prophylaxis

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Vaccines ? Killed and subunit & Live a enuated
Hepa
s A, Haemophilus
Newer Vaccines: Dengue
Toxoid and Recombinant DNA derived Vaccines

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influenza, Influenza A
Polio,Diptheria,Pertussis,Tetanus,,Measles,mumps,r
Cytokine therapy
ubella,Hepa
s B, Japanese Encephali s ,Rabies,

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Adverse Events following
Pneumococcal Immunoglobulin therapy,
Immuniza on

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 2

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IMMUNOLOGY
Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable to Know

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Nice to Know
I.GRAM POSITIVE COCCI
1.Staphylococci
Morphology, Cultural and isola on, Pathogenicity,
Biochemical reac ons, an gens.

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Typing methods
Diseases caused, Virulence factors, Laboratory
Exotoxins
diagnosis Preven on and control, Methicillin
MRSA

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resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pyogenic
infec ons, Surgical site infec on, TSST, Treatment
2.Streptococci
Morphology, Cultural classifica on Characteris cs,
Biochemical reac ons, an gens.

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Vancomycin resistant
Lancefield grouping, Culture and Iden fica on,
Subacute bacterial endocardi s
Enterococci
Group A & B beta hemoly c streptococci

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Anaerobic streptococci
Pathogenicity, Virulence factors. Diseases :
streptococcus viridans
Pharyngi s, erysipelas, impe go, necro zing
fascii s , Puerperal sepsis

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Post Streptococcal Sequelae- Rheuma c fever,
Acute glomerulo nephri s pathogenesis, clinical
features, Laboratory diagnosis & treatment
treatment and preven on.
3.Pneumococci

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Morphology, Cultural Characteris cs, Pathogenicity,
Animal Pathogenicity tests.
Diseases caused, Virulence factors, Laboratory
Immune response,
diagnosis, Quellung reac on

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An gen detec on in urine
II.GRAM NEGATIVE COCCI
1.Neisseria
Morphology, Classifica on of Gram nega ve cocci
Culture & Biochemical reac ons

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Non Gonococcal
gonorrhoeae
Pathogenicity, Epidemiology, Laboratory diagnosis,
Immune response.
urethri s

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clinical manifesta ons, complica ons , Infer lity in
Treatment
male & female, Treatment Prophylaxis,

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 2

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IMMUNOLOGY
Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable to Know

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Nice to Know
2.Neisseria
Serotyping based on capsule.
Chemoprophylaxis
meningi dis

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Virulence factors, Sep cemia, meningi s, lab
Meningococcal vaccines
diagnosis of pyogenic meningi s due to N.
meningi dis, Treatment
III.GRAM POSITIVE BACILLI1.

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1.Cornye
Morphology, Cultural characteris cs, pathogenicity
Classifica on, Culture and
Typing
bacterium

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due to Toxins, Laboratory diagnosis, Treatment,
Isola on
diphtheriae
Prophylaxis, Epidemiology, Diphtheria Vaccine
2.Bacillus

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Type of Infec on, Morphology, cultural
Epidemiology
Anthrax bacilli as
anthracis
characteris cs, virulence factors, pathogenesis,

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Biochemical reac ons
poten al agent for
clinical manifesta ons, laboratory diagnosis,
Bioterrorism
treatment and preven on

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3. Bacillus
Morphology, cultural characteris cs, biochemical
Laboratory Diagnosis
.......
.......

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cereus
reac ons, Pathogenesis of food poisoning
IV.ANAEROBIC BACTERIA
1.Clostridium
Morphology, Culture, Resistance, Pathogenicity,

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Biochemical reac ons
Classifica on of the
tetani
Prophylaxis, laboratory diagnosis and Treatment,
clostridia

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2.Clostridium
Morphology, Pathogenesis of Gas gangrene,
C. his oly cum, C. noviyi
...... ...... ......
perfringens

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Prophylaxis, Nagler's reac on
Biochemical reac ons.
3.Clostridium
Morphology, Culture, Resistance, Pathogenicity,
...... ....... ......

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..... ...... ......
botulinum
Prophylaxis Treatment, laboratory diagnosis, types
4.Clostridium
An microbials &Pseudomembranous coli s

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..... ...... ......
..... ...... ......

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 2
IMMUNOLOGY

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Nice to Know

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difficile
5.Non-sporing
Classifica on, diseases caused, laboratory
Normal anaerobic flora of the
anaerobes

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diagnosis, Common anaerobic infec ons, treatment
human body
V. ENTERO
..... ...... ......
Classifica on of the

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..... ...... ......
BACTERIACEAE
Enterobacteriaceae, Biochemical
reac ons,
1.Escherichia

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Morphology, cultural characteris cs, Virulence
An genic structure
..... ...... ......
coli
factors, Diarrhoeagenic E coli, Pathogenesis of UTI,

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Extended spectrum Beta
neonatal meningi s and clinical manifesta ons,
Lactamase producing E. coli
Laboratory diagnosis and treatment
(ESBL)

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2.Klebsiella
Classifica on
K. oxytoca and K. rhino-
..... .....
Klebsiella pneumoniae: pathogenesis of UTI and

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scleroma s
3.Proteus
Morphology, Special characteris cs, diseases
....... ........
...... ......

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.......
caused
4.Shigella
Morphology, Classifica on, Exotoxins, Pathogenesis
Biochemical reac ons

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.......
....... ........
of shigellosis, Hemoly c Uremic syndrome,
Drug resistance in Shigella
Laboratory diagnosis, Treatment and control

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5.Salmonella
Morphology, Pathogenicity, Epidemiology, Clinical
Classifica on, an genic
.......
....... ........

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manifesta ons of Enteric fever and intes nal
structure and varia ons,
Salmonellosis, complica ons, laboratory diagnosis,
Serotyping methods
Treatment & Prophylaxis ,Drug resistance

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Laboratory Diagnosis of carriers,
6.Intes nal
Sources of infec on, Pathogenesis, Lab diagnosis
Salmonella sep cemia
.......

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....... ........
Salmonellae

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 2
IMMUNOLOGY

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Nice to Know

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VI. VIBRIO
1.Vibrio
Morphology, Cultural characteris cs, transport
Biological typing
Vibrio mimicus

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cholerae
media used, resistance, Epidemiology,
Serotyping, V. cholerae O139
2. Halophilic
Pathogenesis, Clinical features, Laboratory

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vibrios
diagnosis, Prophylaxis, Treatment : Oral rehydra on
therapy
3.Aeromonas
......... ......... ............

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Clinical features, Laboratory
...... ........
and
diagnosis, Prophylaxis,
plesiomonas

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Treatment
VII.PSEUDOMONAS
1.Pseudomonas
Morphology, cultural characteris cs, Resistance to
Nosocomial infec ons:

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...... .........
aeruginosa
An microbials, Pathogenicity, clinical
Ven lator Associated
manifesta ons, Laboratory diagnosis, Treatment:

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Pneumonia, Wound infec ons
an pseudomonal drugs
2.Stenotrophom
......... ......... ............
Epizootology, zoono c

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onas maltophila
infec ons, clinical
......... .........
3. Burkholderia
manifesta ons. Treatment and

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cepacia 4.
control
Burkholderia
mallei and
Glanders

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5. Burkholderia
pseudo mallei
and melioidosis

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 2

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IMMUNOLOGY
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VIII.OTHER GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA
1.Yersinia pes s
Morphology, Cultural characteris cs, An gens,
Prophylaxis, Plague surveillance

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Yersinia enterocoli ca
toxins and virulence factors Epidemiology &
and control
Epizootology, Rodents, Rat fleas, Pathogenesis of
Plague, Clinical manifesta ons, Laboratory

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Diagnosis, Treatment.
2.Pasteurella
..........
.......
......

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Pathogenesis, clinical
..........
.......
multocida
presenta ons, laboratory

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

......
diagnosis treatment.
3.Francisella
....
.......

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

......
Tularemia in man: pathogenesis,
..........
.......
tularensis

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clinical features, treatment and
......
prophylaxis
IX.HEMOPHILUS
1H. influenzae.

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Morphology, cultural characteris cs, resistance,
Biochemical reac ons
..........
.......
pathogenesis, clinical presenta ons, laboratory

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An genic proper es
......
diagnosis treatment, Vaccines
2.H. aegyp cus
....

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.......
......
Pathogenesis, clinical
..........
.......

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& H. para-
presenta ons, laboratory
......
influenzae,
diagnosis treatment. HACEK

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H. aphrophilus,
induced endocardi s
HACEK
3.H. ducreyi
Sexually transmi ed infec ons, clinical features,

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....
.......
......
..........
.......

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treatment
......

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 2
IMMUNOLOGY

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Desirable to Know
Nice to Know

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X. BORDETELLA
Morphology, cultural characteris cs, virulence
Biochemical reac ons
Other Bordetella species
factors, pathogenesis, clinical presenta ons,

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Pertussis vaccines
viz. B. parapertussis and
1.B. pertussis
laboratory diagnosis treatment, prophylaxis
B. bronchisep ca

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XI.
Morphology, cultural characteris cs, pathogenesis,
Epidemiology, An genic
...... ....... ........
clinical presenta ons, laboratory diagnosis

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structure
BRUCELLA
treatment, Preven on and control
XII.
Epidemiology, Morphology, virulence determinants

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Drug suscep bility tes ng
Latent TB
MYCOBACTERIU
& pathogenicity Resistance, cultural characteris cs,
methods: solid media and liquid

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Management of TB
M
M.
clinical presenta ons, Pathogenesis of Pulmonary
media

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contacts Extremely Drug
tuberculosis
and Extra pulmonary tuberculosis, HIV/TB
Molecular methods of diagnosis
Resistant Tuberculosis

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coinfec on
of MDRT Standards
New an TB drugs
laboratory diagnosis: AFB microscopy
of TB care

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and Mul drug an tuberculous treatment,
prophylaxis RNTCP
-- DOTS, Mul drug Resistance (MDRT)
2.M. leprae and
Epidemiology, Morphology, classifica on

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Cul va on of M. leprae in
Mul drug therapy,
Leprosy
pathogenesis, clinical features, Laboratory
mouse footpad

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Diagnosis: AFB microscopy
3.Non-
Classifica on, Diseases caused by NTM
Biochemical reac ons
Tuberculous

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Mycobacteria
XIII.SPIROCHETES

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 2
IMMUNOLOGY

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Desirable to Know
Nice to Know

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1.Treponema
Epidemiology, Morphology, Cultural characteris cs,
Non venereal treponematoses,
Nonpathogenic
pallidum &

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pathogenicity, Stages and Clinical features: Primary,
Yaws, Pinta and Endemic syphilis
treponemes
Syphilis
Secondary, Ter ary, Congenital

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Laboratory diagnosis: Dark field microscopy,
Serological Tests-rapid Plasma Rapid Reagin,
Specific Treponema an body tests Treatment and
Preven on and control
2.Borrelia

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Morphology, pathogenicity, laboratory diagnosis,
Cultural characteris cs
........ .........
recurren s
treatment

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An genic proper es
Relapsing fever
Vincent's angina
4.Borrelia
Lyme's disease, Vector involved, Clinical features,

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burgdorferi
Laboratory diagnosis
5.Leptospira
Epidemiology, Epizootology, Morphology,
Silver impregna on staining

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Leptospirosis in animals
Classifica on, Isola on, pathogenesis of
Microscopic Agglu na on Test
leptospirosis and complica ons, clinical features,
PCR in the diagnosis of

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lab diagnosis: Genus specific and serovar specific
leptospirosis An genic
tests, treatment, Preven on and control
structure
XIV Ricketssiae

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Ricke sia
Epidemiology, morphology, cultural characteris cs,
Emerging Ricke sial infec ons in
........ .......
ricketsii R.

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pathogenesis, Laboratory diagnosis: Weil Felix Test,
India
prowazekii
IgM ELISA, Clinical features and treatment.
Rocky mountain spo ed fever

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R. typhi
Indian ck typhus, epidemic typhus, Murine
Orien a
Typhus, Scrub Typhus, Q fever
tsutsugamuzhi

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 2
IMMUNOLOGY
Sl.No
Content

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Must Know
Desirable to Know
Nice to Know
Coxiella burne i
XV Mycoplasma & Chlamydia

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1.Mycoplasma
Morphology, pathogenesis, L forms, clinical
Epidemiology
Classifica on,
pneumoniae &

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

features: Atypical pneumonia, Non gonococcal
Cultural characteris cs,
Ureaplasma urealy cum,
hominis
urethri s and cervici s, laboratory diagnosis, Cell

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Biochemical proper es,
culture contamina on by mycoplasma, treatment.
An genic proper es
2.Chlamydia
Morphology, pathogenesis, Re culate bodies,

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Cell culture
........ .......
trachoma s C.
clinical features: Trachoma, Inclusion conjunc vi s,
pneumoniae, C.

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Non gonococcal urethri s and cervici s,
psi aci & TWAR
Lymphogranuloma venereum, Atypical pneumonia,
agents
laboratory diagnosis; Gram stain, Detec on of

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

An gen, real me PCR & treatment.
1.Anaerobic
Morphology, Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis,
Ac nomycetes causing COPD,
........ .......

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ac nomycetes &
treatment
farmer's lung
Ac nomycosis
2.Nocardia

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Morphology, Staining characteris cs, Clinical
Culture of Nocardia
........ .......
features: Opportunis c infec ons, Lab diagnosis
Nocardiosis in HIV/AIDS

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and Treatment
XVI. MISCELLANEOUS BACTERIA

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 2
IMMUNOLOGY

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Content
Must Know
Desirable to Know
Nice to Know

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

1.Listeria
Listeriosis ? clinical features: Food poisoning,
........ .......
........ .......
monocytogenes

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Neonatal meningi s due to Listeria, Listeria
opportunis c infec ons in HIV/AIDS, lab diagnosis,
treatment,
Klebsiella
Granuloma inguinale- clinical features, lab diagnosis

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

........ .......
........ .......
granuloma s
and treatment
Streptobacillus

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Rat bite fever: clinical features, lab diagnosis and
........ .......
........ .......
moniliformis
management

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and spirillum
minus
Campylobacter
Epidemiology, Morphology, cultural characteris cs,
Gullain baare syndrome and

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

........ .......
Classifica on, pathogenesis, and lab diagnosis and
campylobacteriosis
treatment.
Helicobacter

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Disease caused, pathogenicity, laboratory diagnosis
........ .......
........ .......
pylori
and treatment

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Legionella
Morphology, cultural characteris cs, Pathogenesis,
.........
........
.......

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

........
pneumophila
Clinical features: Atypical pneumonia, Hospital
Acquired Infec ons and treatment

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus

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C 4
PARASITOLOGY
Sl.No
Content
Must Know

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
Parasitology
Sl
No

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
GENERAL

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Definitions- types of hosts, parasites, types of
Ectoparasites
PARASITOLOGY
host parasite relationships, sources of
Polycarbonate filters to

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Recent Advances
- INTRODUCTION
infections, portals of entry, modes of
concentrate microfilariae
in the Lab

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transmission of parasitic diseases,
diagnosis of
Life cycles of parasites, pathogenicity,
Parasites
immunity to parasitic infections,

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Parasitic
Laboratory diagnosis of parasitic infections-
opportunistic
principles
infections

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Specimen collection,- Stool and Blood
Stool Direct saline & iodine mount,
Concentration Techniques in Stool exam
1.
Blood thick and thin smear ; Rapid Antigen

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Detection
Serological Tests-IgM and IgG detection
2.
PROTOZOA
Classification & General characteristics of

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2.
Protozoa
INTESTINAL
Entamoeba histolytica
Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba

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Histo pathology of
AMOEBAE
Habitat, morphology, life cycle, pathogenicity,
coli, Entamoeba hartmanni,
amoebic lesions

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clinical manifestations, intestinal & extra
Iodamoeba butschlii, Endolimax
intestinal- amoebiasis, laboratory diagnosis of
nana
3.

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intestinal & extra intestinal amoebiasis,
Treatment and Prevention

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 4
PARASITOLOGY

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Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

FREE - LIVING Free living amoeba: Naegleria fowleri,
Newer free living
AMOEBAE
Acanthamoeba species, Morphology, life cycle,
amoebae Sappinia

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4.
pathogenicity, clinical manifestations, lab
diploid
4
diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention

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INTESTINAL,
Intestinal Flagellates Giardia lamblia
Immune response
Trichomonas
ORAL &

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Habitat, Morphology, life cycle, pathogenicity,
recent advance in laboratory
tenax
GENITAL
5.

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

clinical manifestations, lab diagnosis,
diagnosis of Giardiasis other
Trichomonas
FLAGELLATES
prevention & treatment

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intestinal flagellates
hominis
Genital flagellatesTrichomonas vaginalis:
Habitat, Morphology, life cycle, pathogenicity,
6.

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clinical manifestations, lab diagnosis,
5
prevention & treatment
BLOOD
Trypanosoma

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PARASITES
African trypanosomiasis. brucei gambiense &T. Antigenic variation in
Newer Parasites
brucei rhodesiense
Trypanosomiasis

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& Opportunistic
South American trypanosomiasis: T. cruzi
Parasitic
Habitat, Morphology, life cycle, pathogenicity,
Infections

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7.
clinical manifestations, lab diagnosis,
6
prevention & treatment
9.

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Leishmania
7

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 4
PARASITOLOGY

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Old world Leishmaniasis: Leishmania
Virulence factors
Xeno diagnosis
donovani
Immunology

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Other species: L.
L. tropica - Epidemiology, Habitat, Morphology,
HIV and Leishmania
major
cultivation, life cycle, pathogenicity, clinical

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Co-infection
L. peruviana ; L.
manifestations: Kala azar, Post kala azar
Rapid diagnostic tests
chagasi

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Leishmaniasis, lab diagnosis ? specific and
Control measures
nonspecific tests, prevention & treatment
10.
8

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New world leishmaniasis
L. brazilensis complex & L. Mexicana complex
Habitat, Morphology, life cycle, pathogenicity,
clinical manifestations, lab diagnosis,
11.

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prevention & treatment
12.
PLASMODIUM SPECIES
P. ovale & P. malariae
Drug resistance in

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P. falciparum, P. vivax : Epidemiology, Life
malarial parasites
cycle, Morphology, Pathogenesis, Clinical
features , complications, Laboratory diagnosis
of Malaria :

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Thick and Thin blood smear-Blood collection,
Giemsa staining/JSB staining, Identification of
P. vivax and P. falciparum
Rapid Detection Tests, Treatment of malaria
Control measures & National programs In

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Malaria control
BABESIA: Habitat, Morphology, Life cycle,
Pathogenesis, Clinical features, Laboratory

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 4

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PARASITOLOGY
Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Nice to Know
diagnosis, treatment
COCCIDIAN
TOXOPLASMAMorphology, Life cycle,
Diagnosis of CNS toxoplasmosis

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

PARASITES
Pathogenesis, modes of transmission, Clinical
in HIV/AIDS
manifestations- congenital toxoplasmosis,
toxoplasmosis in immuno -compromised,

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Laboratory diagnosis and treatment
Cryptosporidium parvum Morphology, Life
cycle, Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations,
Laboratory diagnosis, treatment
14.

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Balantidium coli
15. MICRO-
MICROSPORIDIA
10 SPORIDIA
HELMINTHS

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CESTODES
Classification of Cestodes systematic & habitat Epidemiology of
Taenia multiceps,
based
neurocysticercosis

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Echinococcus
General characteristics of cestodes
Spirometra, Hymenolepis diminuta
vogeli
TAENIA SOLIUM & TAENIA SAGINATA

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Morphology, Life cycle, Pathogenesis, modes
of transmission
16.
Clinical manifestations, neurocysticercosis
11

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Laboratory diagnosis, Prophylaxis treatment

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
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PARASITOLOGY
Sl.No

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
Diphyllobothrium latum

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Hymenolepis nana
Echinococcus granulosa
Morphology, Life cycle, Pathogenesis, modes
of transmission
17.

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Clinical manifestations-
12
Laboratory diagnosis, prophylaxis treatment
TREMATODES
Schistosomes- blood flukes; Fasciola

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Schistosomiasis in India
Heterophyes
hepatica (Liver fluke); Paragonimus
-heterophyes
westermani (Lung fluke) Epidemiology,

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Watsonius watsoni
Morphology, Lifecycle, Clinical Features,
Opisthorchis
Pathogenesis, Lab diagnosis, Prevention&
felineus

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

18.
Treatment.
Metagonimus
13
yoogawi

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Opisthorchis (Clonorchis) sinensis:
Morphology, Lifecycle Clinical Features,
19.
Pathogenesis, Lab diagnosis Treatment
14

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Prevention
NEMATODES
Ascaris lumbricoides: Habitat, morphology;
Free living Species
.......

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Life cycle, pathogenicity of adult worms,
......
pathogenicity of migrating larvae clinical
20.
manifestations, lab diagnosis, Prevention and

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

15
Treatment, visceral larva migrans

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C 4
PARASITOLOGY

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Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Strongyloides stercoralis
Strongyloidiasis in HIV AIDS
.......
morphology; Life cycle, pathogenicity of adult
......

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

worms, pathogenicity of migrating larvae
clinical manifestations, Hyper infection, lab
21.
diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment , larva
16

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

currens
Ankylostoma duodenale: habitat,
Pseudo hook worms
.......
morphology; Life cycle, pathogenicity of adult

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Ankylostoma brazilensis
......
worms, pathogenicity of migrating larvae
clinical manifestations, microcytic hypochromic
anemia, lab diagnosis, Prevention and

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

22.
Treatment
Necator americanus
.......
......

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

.......
Differentiating features between Ankylostoma
......
and Necator
23.

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Cutaneous larva migrans
Enterobius vermicularis & Trichuris
Gnathostoma species
trichiura habitat,
Morphology, Lifecycle Clinical Features,

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Complication-appendicitis, Pathogenesis, Lab
24.
diagnosis Treatment Prevention
Dracanculensis medinensis
Anisakiasis

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

habitat, Morphology, Lifecycle Clinical
Features, Pathogenesis, Lab diagnosis,
Treatment,
25.
Prevention

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R. Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 4
PARASITOLOGY
Sl.No
Content

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
FILARIAL
LYMPHATIC FILARIAL PARASITES:

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Occult filariasis
Ivermectin
NEMATODES
Wuchereria bancrofti & Brugia malayi
Loa loa, Oncocerca volvulus

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Epidemiology, Habitat, morphology,Life cycle,
Mansonella species infecting
pathogenicity, clinical manifestations, laboratory human
diagnosis- conventional and rapid diagnostic
tests, Anti filarial treatment,Mass prophylaxis

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

26.
with DEC
LABORATORY
1.Blood for Malarial parasites and Microfilariae:
Quantification of malarial parasites Culture methods

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

DIAGNOSTIC
Thick and thin blood smear
in parasitology
PARASITOLOGY
2.Stool saline and iodine wet mounts

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PROCEDURES
3.Stool concentration methods,
Molecular
4. Microscopic techniques in stool examination
methods in

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for diagnosis of parasitic diseases.
parasitic diagnosis
5. Examination of urine in parasitic diagnosis
(Schistosomiasis)
6. Examination of sputum (Paragonimiasis)

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7. Examination of aspirates(Leishmaniasis)
8. Examination of CSF; Serologic diagnostic
27.
methods (Toxoplasmosis)

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C 5
VIROLOGY
Sl.No
Content
Must Know

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Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
S No VIRUSES MUST
KNOW
DESIRABLE TO KNOW

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NICE TO
KNOW
1
GENERAL
History of virology; definition of virus;

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Viral Multiplication: Cell culture & Viral
Virus Titre
PROPERTIES
Structure and Symmetry; Classification;
growth. Shell vial culture

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estimation using
OF VIRUSES
Characterization of viruses; Electron
Identification of viral cultures using
neutralization

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microscopy -Negative staining and cryo
Haemadsorption inhibition,
method (Plaque
electron microscopy; Viral Replication
neutralization test,

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count )
strategies; Susceptibility to physical and
Immunofluorescence and ELISA
chemical gents Resistance. Cultivation of
Viruses; Viral Hemagglutination

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LABORATORY
1.Specimen collection and
Nucleic acid test qualitative and
1.Virus Isolation
DIAGNOSIS OF transportation

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i) Blood
quantitative by real time PCR for
nasopharyngeal
2
VIRAL

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(serum) for immunoassays volume blood(3- diagnosis and prognosis respectively swab & CSF);
INFECTIONS
5ml), whole blood and serum, plasma.
Diagnostic accuracy of laboratory
Specimen

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Timing of specimen is critical ; standard
tests : (sensitivity, specificity, positive
processing for
predictive value, negative predictive
viral culture ;

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value) for immunoassays and nucleic
Incubation time ;
precautions and PPE ; Transportation at 4 acid tests for each viral infection
.
C ii).Naso pharyngeal swab or

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aspirate for Antigen detection & nucleic
acid : Trans-portation in in VTM at 4 C
using gel pack or wet ice
iii).Specimens for Nucleic acid : CSF,

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C 5
VIROLOGY
Sl.No
Content
Must Know

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
Blood whole ,plasma, serum:
Transportation at 4 C using gel pack or
wet ice without VTM.

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2.Methods- A) Microscopy (Tzank smear)
B) Antigen & Antibody detection using
Immuno fluorescence, ELISA, Rapid tests
(Dot -blot and immuno chromatography):
IgM , IgG detection

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3
VIRUS -HOST
Receptors used by viruses; Cell & tissue
Innate immunity : Viral PAMPs:
INTERACTIONS

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tropism; Mechanisms virus entry into the
single-stranded (ss)RNA, dsRNA,
cell ; Viral replication-Cell injury-Cytopathic and DNA;
effect & Inclusion bodies; persistence of
PRRs: Toll-like receptors (TLRs)

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viruses ; viruses and cancer;
and the cytosolic nucleic acid
Host response:
sensors Immunopathogenetic
Innate immunity: Natural killer cells, &

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Interferons.
mechanisms (e.g. HIV/AIDS,RSV)
Adaptive immunity: MHC1 restricted CD 8
+ T cell cytotoxicity, central role of CD 4+ T
cell (TH1 &TH2 ) helping the CD8+ and B-

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cells, ; Neutralization of viruses ; ADCC ;
Iimmunoprophylaxis (vaccines) ;Primary
and secondary immune response

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C 5

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VIROLOGY
Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Nice to Know
4
BACTERIOPHA Morphology & Life cycle.
Bacteriocins
Bacteriophages

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GES
Significance of Phages
in molecular
Phage typing
cloning

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5
POX VIRUSES
Classification; Variola virus, Vaccinia virus
History of small pox vaccine
Vaccinia virus as

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? morphology cultivation host range.
a vector for
Small pox pathogenesis, clinical findings,
candidate
Small pox eradication programe

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antigens in the
Cow pox. Milker's nodes Orf ,
field of
Molluscum Contagiosum.
vaccinology.

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Small pox eradication
6
PAPOVAVIRUS
Classification. Human papilloma
Molecular diagnosis of HPV infection

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HPV vaccines in
virus(HPV): Morphology, mechanisms of
using real time PCR
the prevention of
oncogenesis HPV serotypes and lesions

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Carcinoma cervix
produced, pathogenesis of skin lesions,
(wart) carcinoma cervix Lab diagnosis :
(Papanicolou smear ) ,treatment & HPV
vaccines .

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7
PARVO VIRUS
Human Parvo Virus B 19: Epidemiology,
Congenital infection and management
Structure, pathogenesis, clinical

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manifestations, treatment.

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C 5
VIROLOGY
Sl.No

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Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
8

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HUMAN
Human Herpes viruses:
HSV in HIV/AIDS
HSV Latency
HERPES

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HSV: Epidemiology, Types of HSV,
Acyclovir: mechanism of action,
Associated
VIRUSES
pathogenesis, Latency, Primary,

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pharmacodynamics and
Transcription
HERPES
pharmacokinetics
SIMPLEX

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initial, recurrent infections,
VIRUSES
Clinical(syndromes): HSV1: Orofacial,
VARICELLA
HSV keratitis, Encephalitis & Disseminated

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ZOSTER
HSV;
VIRUS
HSV2 : Genital Herpes, Aseptic meningitis,
CYTOMEGALO

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Congenital and neonatal HSV
VIRUS
Laboratory diagnosis: Direct microscopy:
EPSTEIN
Tzank smear in orofacial & Genital Herpes,

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BARR VIRUS
Virus isolation, Antigen detection by
immuno- fluorescence, IgM and IgG
detection; Real time PCR in HSV
encephalitis;

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Treatment : Acyclovir and Valacyclovir
therapy of primary, initial and recurrent
infections. HSV encephalitis & chemo-
prophylaxis.
Varicel a

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Varicella Zoster virus: Epidemiology,
Herpes Zoster in HIV/AIDS VZV Post Herpetic
Zoster
Pathogenesis clinical manifestations:
in pregnancy & Congenital infection

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Neuralgia
Virus(VZV)
Chickenpox, CNS complications,
Pneumonia, and Herpes Zoster; laboratory
diagnosis of VZV, treatment, Vaccines

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C 5
VIROLOGY
Sl.No
Content

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
Cytomegalo
Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, CMV

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CMV infections renal, liver & bone
New antiviral
virus (CMV)
inclusion bodies, clinical manifestations:
CMV infections in renal, liver, & bone

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drugs: Cidofovir
CMV in pregnancy, Congenital CMV, CMV
marrow transplant recipients;
infections in HIV/AIDS & complications
Ganciclovir & Valganciclovir therapy &

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(CMV encephalitis and retinitis), lab
Prophylaxis in transplant recipients
diagnosis, treatment.
Epstein Barr
Epidemiology, EBV Antigens,

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EBV associated lymphomas.
Virus (EBV)
Pathogenesis: Infection of the pharyngeal
pharyngeal carcinoma, EBV in
& and B cells, immortalization of B cells;

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HIV/AIDS
Clinical: Infectious mononucleosis &
...... .......
encephalitis; Lab diagnosis Paul Bunnel
and EBV specific ELISA tests and

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treatment,
HUMAN
Epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical
HERPES
features: HHV6 & 7: Exanthema subitum,

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VIRUSES-HHV
infantile fever and seizures, encephalitis
6
HHV
KSHV: Kaposi Sarcoma in HIV/AIDS

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........
........
...... .......
7 & KSHV
Herpes B virus: Epidemiology,

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(HHV8)
pathogenesis, clinical manifestations &
Herpes B virus
Post exposure prophylaxis with valacyclovir

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C 5
VIROLOGY
Sl.No
Content
Must Know

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
9.
PICORNA
Classification of picornaviridae family

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Polio Surveil ance and eradication
VIRUSES
Enterovirus genus classification and Polio
Switch from OPV to IPV
virus antigenic types, Polio virus:

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Vaccine associated AFP; Acute
epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical
Encephalitis due to Non polio
manifestations Acute flaccid paralysis,
entero viruses

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laboratory diagnosis: isolation of polio virus
from stool, Polio Vaccines ?Oral Polio (live)
& Inactivated (advantages &
........
disadvantages) dose, Immunization

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........
schedule, Mass pulse Polio vaccination.
Other Enteroviruses: Coxsackie A and B
, ECHO viruses , pathogenesis, clinical
manifestations , laboratory diagnosis,

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treatment Rhino viruses General
characteristics, Serotypes, pathogenesis &
clinical manifestations
10
ORTHOMYXOV Classification, Structure, Antigenic

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Pandemics due to Influenza A Genetic Influenza B & C
IRUSES
variation, Influenza A: Epidemiology,
mechanism of antigenic drift and shift
pathogenesis, Clinical features-mild to

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Bird Flu, Influenza A vaccine
severe influenza and complications such as
acute respiratory distress syndrome,
Laboratory diagnosis : viral isolation, real
time RT PCR in the diagnosis of

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encephalitis treatment & prevention .
11
PARAMYXOVIR Paramyxoviridae: Introduction, Antigenic
USES
Structure, classification.

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Mumps virus : Pathogenesis, Clinical
manifestations, complications, Lab

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C 5
VIROLOGY

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Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know

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Diagnosis , Prevention : live mumps
vaccine Measles (Rubella) History,
epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical
manifestations : measles exanthemas,
complications: pneumonia, encephalitis,

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post infectious encephalitis, SSPE,
Lab Diagnosis , Prevention , Prophylaxis.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV):
Epidemiology, Pathogenesis; Risk factors
for severe disease; Clinical manifestations:

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Acute bronchitis, bronchiolitis &
complications, Laboratory Diagnosis:
Antigen detection by immunofluorescence&
real time PCR, Treatment: Ribavirin
therapy

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Parainfluenza viruses 1-4: Pathogenesis,
clinical manifestations: Stridor due to acute
trachea bronchitis (Croup), Treatment
12
ARBOVIRUSES General: Introduction, Definition,

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Yellow fever; Sandfly fever
Hanta HF,
taxonomical classification, Epidemiology,
Chandipura fever ;
argentine HF,

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Ecology, Entomology clinical syndromes:
Aedes agyptii : Habitat, Trans ovarian Bolivian HF,
Fever with rashes, fever with hemorrhage,
transmission ;
Crimean-Congo

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fever with arthritis, Encephalitis
HF, Lassa fever,
Rift valley Fever,
Lab Diagnosis: Antibody (IgM/&IgG) by
Viral isolation in

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ELISA Prevention and entomological
vitro using vero
control measures.
cell and insect
Dengue : WHO/NVBDC clinical

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cell lines
classification and management, lab

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C 5
VIROLOGY

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Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know

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diagnosis : NS1 antigen IgM detection ;
Dengue vaccines
Aedes mosquito Control measures ;
Xeno diagnosis
Source reduction and larvicidal

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Japanese encephalitis : Epidemiology,
general ; Clinical : asymptomatic to
encephalitis syndrome; lab diagnosis : IgM
from CSF and serum ; prevention with the
new JE live vaccine

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Kyasanur Forest Disease
Chikungunya
13
RHABDOVIRU
Structure, Symmetry, Susceptibility to

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History of Rabies vaccine Cell
Rabies related
SES
physical and chemical agents of
culture derived rabies vaccines

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viruses
disinfection, Antigenic Properties. Natural
Control of wild rabies
life cycle in animals, Transmission,
Pathogenesis, Pathology: Rabies inclusion

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

(Negri) bodies, Clinical features,
Laboratory diagnosis of rabies: ante and
post mortem, clinical manifestations,
Prophylaxis- Pre exposure and post
exposure Prophylaxis.

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Control of Rabies in domestic dogs and
cats
14
CORONAVIRU
Classification, & SARS Transmission,

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MERS CoV
S
clinical manifestation, lab diagnosis,
treatment, Prophylaxis

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C 5
VIROLOGY
Sl.No
Content
Must Know

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
16
SLOW
Slow virus disease definition:

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Prion Protein (PrP).
Gerstmann-
VIRUSES
classification : Prion diseases ,Subacute
Sterilization and disinfection methods

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Stra?ssler-
Sclerosing Pan encephalitis SSPE and
that are effective against Prion
Scheinker
Progressive multifocal

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PML
Syndrome
leukoencephalopathy (PML)
(GSSS)
Prion; susceptibility to physical agents;

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classification of slow viral diseases,
pathogenesis of Prion mediated disease
clinical manifestation , diagnosis
treatment & prevention
Human Prion diseases : Kuru, Creutzfeldt-

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Jakob disease (CJD) encephalopathy,
SSPE : Pathogenesis ,clinical features,
Lab diagnosis & prognosis
17
REO

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Rota viruses: Epidemiology, structure,
VIRUSES
Subtypes, pathogenesis clinical
manifestations, diagnosis: Antigen
detection from stool: ELISA, Latex

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

agglutination-Treatment of diarrhoea &
prevention : Rotavirus vaccines
18
ADENOVIRU
Adeno virus Structure, classification,

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Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis
Adenovirus
SES
Pathogenicity, Clinical manifestations:
Oncogenecity of adeno virus

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infection in
Upper and respiratory tract infections,
immuno
conjunctivitis, and enteritis. Lab diagnosis
compromised ;

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Haemorrhagic
cystitis

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 5
VIROLOGY

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Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know

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20
ONCOGENIC Classification of Oncogenic Viruses ;
Human papilloma virus and
Antiviral
VIRUSES

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Mechanisms of oncogenesis in virus
carcinoma cervix
therapy in virus
infected cells; Viruses associated With EBV and Burkitt's lymphoma
asssociated

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Human cancer;
tumors

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 6
MYCOLOGY

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Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know

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II MBBS CURRICULUM MYCOLOGY
TOPICS
MUST KNOW
DESIRABLETO KNOW
NICE TO

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

KNOW
I General
General characteristics of Pathogenic fungi. Histopathological diagnosis:
Antifungal
Aspects of

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Clinical Classification of fungus infections;
Haematoxylin-Eosin, PAS, gomori's
susceptibility
fungi
Dimorphic fungi; Pathogenicity and

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

methenamine Blue, Gridley's fungal
testing; Azole
virulence; laboratory mycology-specimen
stain of mycotic diseases Real
resistance

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collection, direct examination using KOH,
time PCR in the diagnosis of fungi
Calcofluor- KOH, Gram stain,
Culture and isolation from specimens;
Serology and NAAT; Antifungal agents-

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Topical and systemic
II Superficial
Tinea nigra, Piedras-white and black,
WOOD's lamp and its applications.
Treatment of

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Mycoses
Pitryasis versicolor
Identification methods of the
Drug resistant
Dermatophytes- General characteristics,

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Dermatophytes: In vitro hair
dermatophytes
classification, Pathogenicity Clinical
perforation ,urea production and
with Terbinafine

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

aspects of dermatophytoses :Tinea corporis hydrolysis
& cruris, Tinea pedis & manuum, Tinea
barbae, Tinea ungium, Tinea capitis.
Superficial candidiasis
Laboratory diagnosis: Direct KOH & culture

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and identification of colonies
Treatment : Topical Azole derivatives &
Systemic Griseofulvin & Azole therapy

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C 6

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MYCOLOGY
Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Nice to Know
III
Types of subcutaneous mycoses :
Chromoblastomycosis
Entomophthoro

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Subcutaneou
Eumycetoma, Sporotrichosis,
mycosis - due
s Mycoses
Chromoblastosis and entomophthorosis

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

to
1.Eumycetoma :Fungi : Curvularia
Entomophthoral
geniculata & lunata ; Exophiala jeanselmei ;
e fungi-

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Fusarium falciforme ; Leptosphaeria
Electron
senegalensis Madurella grisea &
microscopic
mycetomatis; Phaeoacremonium spp

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

structure of
epidemiology & transmission ,clinical
R.seeberi
features, Lab diagnosis : direct examination
NAAT in the

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

of the granules and culture
diagnosis of
2.Sporotrichosis- Causative agent, clinical
Eumycetoma
features, laboratory diagnosis and

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

treatment 3.Rhinosporidiosis-Structure
and morphology; life cycle of
Rhinospoidium seeberi ;epidemiology,
clinical features, Lab diagnosis and
treatment

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

IV Systemic
Systemic mycoses : Causative agents :
........
........
and

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Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides
Opportunistic
spp , Paracoccidioides brasilensis,
Mycoses
Blastomyces dermatidis epidemiology &

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

transmission, clinical features,Lab
diagnosis and Treatment
Opportunistic mycoses : Causative
agent, pathogenesis,clinical features,Lab
diagnosis and Treatment :

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Aspergillosis,Penicillosis,Zygomycosis,
Candidiasis, Cryptococcosis and

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C 6
MYCOLOGY

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Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia
V.
Oculomycosis: Causative Agents
........
........

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Protothecosis
Miscellaneou
(Aspergillus , Fusarium , Scedosporium,
Pythiosis
s Topics

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Paecilomyces, Acremonium species) ;
Lobamycosis
Clinical features -keratitis, conjunctivitis Lab
diagnosis and treatment
Otomycosis & Mycotic poisoning

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
C 6
MYCOLOGY
Sl.No
Content

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know

---

The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology Syllabus
C 7

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Applied microbiology
Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Nice to Know
1
COLLECTION &
Specimen : type ,timing of sample
1.Newer safe blood collection devices

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

1.Viral transport
TRANSPORT OF collection ,containers, volume and
such as vacutainers and self-locking
medium
SPECIMENS

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Labelling
needles 2.
2. Cold chain
Requisition forms: Filling the test order forms
Specimen transport to overseas

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

maintenance of
with identifiers & relevant clinical details, following IATA rules.
specimen during
Appropriate instructions (specimen wise
3.transport media- Amie's for

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transport for viral
Aseptic precautions during blood and body
Gonococci and Cary Blair for Vibrio
cultures and
fluid collection

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

cholerae
molecular diagnosis
laboratory specimen log/register
4. Sputum collection in Falcon tubes
3.Storage of

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specimen rejection criteria
for MDR TB culture/molecular
specimens and
Transport of specimen within the hospital and diagnosis
cultures long term.

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

to the reference laboratory ;transport media
5. Nasopharyngeal swab for Influenza 4.New Dried blood
Amie's, Stuart, Cary Blair
A
spot (DBS) collection

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system
2
NORMAL
1.Normal flora of skin, Oropharynx, Intestinal
1.Criteria (macroscopic and

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Broad spectrum
MICROBIAL
tract, genital tract
microscopic) to identify specimens
antimicrobials

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FLORA OF THE
2. Normal flora as Innate immunity component contaminated with normal flora altering the normal
HUMAN BODY
3. Interference of normal flora with the
2. Selective media for minimizing the

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flora
pathogens during culture
interference by normal flora
3.Interpretation of cultures positive for
pathogens that form part of normal

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flora

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C 7
Applied microbiology
Sl.No

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Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
3

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IMMUNOPROPH 1.Active and passive immunization
1.Health care workers immunization;
1.Newer vaccines-
YLAXIS
2. Killed and live vaccines

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3. Hepatitis B, Tetanus, Varicella-
rotavirus, Pertussis
Adjuvants & Routes of administration Zoster,Rabies Influenza A,
acellular vaccines,
4. National immunization schedule

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5.
2.Japanese encephalitis vaccine in
inhalation based
Cold Chain maintenance
6.

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endemic region
measles vaccine
Bacterial, and viral vaccines
3.Vaccine management peripheral
2. New strategies of

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7.Rabies post exposure vaccination principles level
vaccination -DNA
8.Adverse events fol owing immunization
4.Mass Polio vaccination ;Switch from
vaccines;

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(AEFI)
Trivalent OPV to bivalent OPV
4
HEALTHCARE
1.Health care ?Associated Infections

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1.Specific prevention measures UTI : 1.Infection control
ASSOCIATED
-definition 2.
Catheter administration policy,
committee

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INFECTIONS &
Categories of HAI -Catheter associated UTI,
Asepsis during procedure, weaning
2. Surveillance of
STANDARD

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PRECAUTIONS
Surgical site infection, Blood stream infection(
policy & administration of
HAI 3.
BSI); Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), antimicrobials

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Antibiotic
3.Implications of HAI -morbidity, mortality and SSI : Contact precautions, Theatre
Stewardship
financial
asepsis, Good surgical practices 4.Antimicrobial

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4.Prevention of HAI : Hand Hygiene
BSI: Strict aseptic protocols for central prophylaxis 5.Central
importance , practice and monitoring
vein cannulation, Change of CVC
Sterile supply

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during infection, VAP :
department
Aseptic handling of Ventilator conduits 6.Operation room
; Weaning of ventilator etc.
disinfection

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology Syllabus
C 7
Applied microbiology
Sl.No
Content

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Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
5
BIOMEDICAL

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1.Definition &Importance of BMWM for
Bio medical waste treatment-
Common Treatment
WASTE
Health care workers' safety; Infectious and

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incineration, Deep burial
Facility Functions
MANAGEMENT
noninfectious hazards associated with BMW
2. Categories of biomedical waste and

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disposal mechanisms BMW lifecycle: 1.
Generation 2. Segregation,34. Disinfection, 4.
transportation to the common storage section
5. Transportation to the common treatment
facility, 8.Treatment and

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Disposal by suitable methods : incineration,
autoclaving, deep burial, sharp burial pit,
Effluent treatment plant for liquid waste
Biomedical waste handling rules .
6

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Clinical
1.Direct Microscopy : Gram's stain, ZN /
1.ELISA: IgM HAV, IgM HEV,
Molecular Tests:
microbiology

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Fluorescent AFB sputum microscopy and
IgM TORCH , IgM JE, IgM
Real time PCR
RNTCP grading, Thick and thin Giemsa
Chikungunya,

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Influenza A,
smear for malaria
2.Malaria Rapid Detection Test, CRP Cartridge based PCR
2.Culture &anti-microbial susceptibility
for TB (CBNAAT),

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(AST) : Urine, blood, pus ,CSF, Sputum,
real time PCR
3.Serological tests; Widal, RPR (VDRL),
(qualitative and
ASO, Rheumatoid Factor, HIV Rapid

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Quantitative ) for
4.ELISA : HBsAg, anti HCV, ,IgM
HCV and HIV
Dengue,NS1 Ag
5.Interpretation of culture results correlating

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with Gram stain findings;

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology Syllabus
C 7
Applied microbiology
Sl.No

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Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
7

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URINARY
List of potential pathogens causing
1.Sterile pyuria, 2. Asymptomatic
1.Specific preventive
TRACT

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community acquired UTI,
bacteriuria 3. Examination of
measures for the
INFECTIONS
Pathogenesis of Ascending and descending

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centrifuged urine for pus cells,
prevention of Heath
UTI and Catheter associated UTI
leukoesterase & nitrate reductase
care associated UTI

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Instructions to the patients for getting -Clean
rapid tests to detect pyuria and
catch midstream urine samples; Sterile
bacteriuria respectively
Collection containers ; Collection of urine from 4. Prostatitis 5. Aseptic collection of

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urinary catheters (CAUTI)
urine through supra pubic puncture.
direct Gram Stain examination of non-
centrifuged urine for pyuria & bacteriuria
Culture of urine, antimicrobial susceptibility

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testing & interpretation of culture results .

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology Syllabus
C 7
Applied microbiology
Sl.No

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Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
8

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BLOOD
1.Indications for blood culture: Typhoid
1.Automated blood culture system
Fungal blood culture
STREAM

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fever, Infective endocarditis (Acute and sub-
and antimicrobial susceptibility system using Isolator blood
INFECTIONS
acute) Meningitis, meningococcemia,
2. Biphasic medium for blood culture

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collection system
pneumonia, acute osteomyelitis, septicemia, 3. Anaerobic blood culture
Health care associated infections -Blood
stream infections & nosocomial pneumonia
2. List of bacteria causing bacteremia: S.

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typhi, S. paratyphi A & B Group D
streptococci, Pneumococci, group A and B
beta hemolytic streptococci, H. influenzae, S.
aureus, Coagulase negative staphylococci,
enterococci, enterobacteriaceae etc.,

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3.Blood culture method : time of collection
of specimens, site of collection, Culture media
(aerobic and anaerobic containing sodium
polyanenthol sulphonate) ,volume of blood to
be inoculated -infants, children, adults, Strict

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asepsis during collection & transport of
samples to the laboratory. Incubation
time (7-10 days), Interpretation of the
pathogenicity of the isolate & AST

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology Syllabus

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C 7
Applied microbiology
Sl.No
Content
Must Know

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Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
9
RESPIRATORY
Etiology, Clinical features and differentiation of Throat swab Culture and

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AFB culture for M. tb
TRACT
Viral and bacterial respiratory tract infections
identification for Group A Beta
and biochemical

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INFECTIONS
Otitis media: Pathogens involved-
hemolytic streptococci using blood
identification
Pneumococci, H, influenzae, and M.

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agar and bacitracin susceptibility
catarrhalis, specimen collection
testing
Nucleic acid
Pharyngitis : Viral : Parainfluenza, RSV ,

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Sputum culture : indications,
amplification tests
Influenza viruses
instructions for collection of sputum
(Xpert Gene and Line

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Bacterial : Beta hemolytic Group A
with minimal contamination of saliva
probe assay ) in the
streptococci
and biosafety precautions;Wide mouth detection of M.tb

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plastic containers Quality assessment organism and MDRT
Pneumonia (community acquired) ; List of
of sputum for culture with Gram
bacterial pathogens: Pneumococci,
stained smear; Culture media ;

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Influenzae, and M. catarrhalis; Pul.TB
Identification of Pneumococci by
Nosocomial : S.aureus, Pseudomonas
Optochin susceptibility testing and
aeruginosa and Acinetobacter, etc.,

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AST Real
Pulmonary Tuberculosis : AFB microscopy
time PCR for influenza A
-Ziehl- Neelsen and Auramine (fluorescent
-indications.

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stain );biosafety in sample collection, staining,
Reading and interpretation .
Interpretation of Culture report correlating with
Gram smear
10

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PYREXIA OF
Definition in adults and children
UNKNOWN ORIGIN
List of pathogens causing PUO
Lab diagnosis & antimicrobial treatment

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology Syllabus
C 7
Applied microbiology
Sl.No
Content

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Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
11 MENINGITIS
1.Definition of meningitis and encephalitis

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Lumbar puncture and col ection of
1.Rapid Antigen
2.List of pathogens causing meningitis:
CSF
detection tests using

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Pneumococci, H. influenzae and
Contraindications for collection of CSF latex agglutination
Meningococci 3.Neonatal meningitis : Group
Isolation and identification using
B streptococci, Escherichia coli and Listeria

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blood, chocolate (5% CO2) &
monocytogenes
MacConkey media and biochemical
4.Rapid Gram stained smear examination of
reactions; Optochin sensitivity, factor

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centrifuged / non-centrifuged (when the
X, V, XV dependent growth test for H.
sample volume <1ml) CSF
influenzae
5.Giemsa stain: for study of inflammatory cells

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(neutrophils and lymphocytes )
6.Differentiation of viral and bacterial
meningitis through CSF findings
12
Sexually

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1.STI : Syphilis, Gonorrhea, chancroid ,
1.Culture of urethral and cervical
1.Chlamydial antigen
transmitted
Granuloma inguinale, Herpes simplex genital

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exudate for Gonococci using Amies
detection and Real
Infections
infection, Lympho-granuloma Venereum,
charcoal transport medium and

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time PCR for
bacterial vaginosis BV, Trichomoniasis,
selective Thayer martin culture
chlamydiae
Human papilloma virus infection , HIV,HBV medium

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2. Real time PCR for
2..HIV and Coinfection with other STI
2.Public Health aspects-syndromic
HPV
-implications

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approach
3.Microscopy: Direct Gram smear vaginal
smear for BV; Saline wet mount of vaginal
exudate for Trichomonas vaginalis ; Gram
smear of urethral and cervical discharge for

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gonococci; Tzank smear for Herpes simplex ;
Papanicolou smear
3.RPR and Specific Treponema antibody

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology Syllabus
C 7

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Applied microbiology
Sl.No
Content
Must Know
Desirable To Know

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Nice to Know
tests; HBSAg test
4.Rapid HIV antibody tests : Counselling,
Test strategies, window period &
Interpretation of tests

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13
Skin & Soft tissue 1.Cellulitis, Abscess, carbuncle, impetigo,
Anaerobic culture of exudate from
Infections
ulcer, necrotizing fasci tis Surgical site

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deep seated abscess
infection,
2.List
MRSA
of Pathogens: S. aureus, beta hemolytic

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Group A streptococci, Enterococci,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli,
Proteus sp, atypical mycobacteria
3. Specimen: exudate by aspiration, and
swabs with minimal contamination by normal

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flora and colonizers of the wound 4. Direct
Gram smear examination, culture and AST &
Interpretation of culture
report .
14

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ZOONOSES
1.Definition; WHO classification of zoonoses;
Prevention and control of rabies in
Surveillance of
2.List of Bacterial ,Viral ,Parasitic and Fungal

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animals
Zoonoses : Plague ,
zoonoses 3.Zoonoses of clinical & public
Japanese
health importance in India : e.g. Leptospirosis,

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encephalitis ;
Anthrax, Plague, Rabies, Influenza A,
Japanese encephalitis, toxoplasmosis,
echinococcosis, Taeniasis, KFD

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology Syllabus

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C 7
Applied microbiology
Sl.No
Content
Must Know

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Desirable To Know
Nice to Know
15
DIARRHOEA &
1.List of Pathogens causing infectious

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1.Aeromonas spp; P. shigelloides; Y.
1.ELISA for the
FOOD
diarrhoea poisoning; ,
enterocolitica ;Listeria mono-

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detection of
POISONING
Vibrio spp. Salmonella serotypes; Shigella
cytogenes (rare); Clostridium
exotoxins .

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spp. Campylobacter spp; Diarrhoeagenic
perfringens;
2.Molecular
Escherichia coli ( EHEC;EPEC; ETEC; EIEC; 2.Steps in the Investigation an
diagnostic tools to

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EAEC;STEC) & C. difficile;
outbreak of food poisoning :
detect foodborne
2.Preformed toxin mediated :
3.Food hygiene and safety

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pathogens like
Diarrhoeagenic E.coli
1)S.aureus; 2) B.cereus;3) C.botulinum
3. Specimens to be subjected for culture of
enteric pathogen

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1.Stool/rectal swab in Caryblair ;
2.Suspected food transported in cold chain

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
D
Teaching methodology

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PR
ACTICAL SYLLABUS
A.Laboratory biosafety
B.Microscopy -Handling & maintenance of light microscope
C.Gram Stain ? Principles and procedure of Grams stain demonstration followed by hands on exercise ; Examination and interpretation of

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Direct Gram smear of clinical specimens : pus,urine, CSF,sputum
D.Special Stains ? 1)Acid fast staining-instructions for sputum collection with biosafety precautions, importance of sputum quality, role of
AFB stain in the RNTCP program principles of staining, procedure and demonstration of AFB from sputum specimen. Hands on exercise :
staining, examination and reporting
2) Albert stain -Demonstration

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E. Demonstration of motility by Hanging drop
F. Demonstration of culture media / methods
G. Demonstration of sterilization and disinfection techniques : 1.Autoclave: equipment
operation and monitoring; methods of packing; indicators of sterilization and visit to
Central sterile supply department. 2. Hot air oven : Operation and use

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H : Systematic bacteriology? Identification of the pathogen from the given clinical material

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
D
Teaching methodology
based on Gram stain, cultural characters and biochemical tests ; Demonstration of

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antimicrobial susceptibility testing by disc diffusion method
I : Immunology ? Blood collection and separation of serum ;Demonstration & discussion
principles of the serological tests, methods, reading and interpretation of the following tests:
Widal, Non treponemal Rapid Plasma Reagin test, ELISA for HIV antibody and HBSAg
Latex agglutination : rheumatoid factor, anti streptolysin

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Demonstration : Rapid Tests and various strategies in HIV testing;
Rapid Antigen detection tests in malaria
F: Parasitology ?
1)Stool examination; Saline and iodine preparation, Direct and concentration techniques;
Demonstration of normal constituents, cysts and trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia gamblia ; ova of Ascaris lumbricoides,

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Ankylostoma duodenale, eggs of Taenia solium
2) finger prick blood col ection and making of thick and thin smears: Giemsa/JSB staining for malarial parasites demonstration and
examination of various stages of P. falciparum and P. vivax.
3) Demonstration of microfilariae
G: Applied Microbiology:

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Demonstration and discussion of specimen collection-blood, urine, CSF, throat swab, exudates, sputum ,BAL bronchial aspirates
Demonstration and hands on hand Hygiene :Hand washing and Hand rub
Demonstration of Personal protective equipments and Biomedical waste management

---

NO
THEORY : TOPICS

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NUMBER OF HOURS TO BE DEDICATED
The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microb
D io
id lo
ac g

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t y cu
ic
rriculum & Sylla
Integr
bu

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ated s
125
D
Tea
ching m

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ethodology
seminar
1
General Microbiology

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12
4
2
Immunology
14

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...
3
Systematic Bacteriology
28
2

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

G METHODOLOGY
4
Virology
18
4

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5
Mycology
10
6
Parasitology

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

12
2
7
Applied Microbiology
7

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

12
Total
101
24
PRACTICALS

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Demonstratio
Hands on
Other
125
n

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exercise
activity
(Tutorial)
1
General instructions & Laboratory

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2
.....
....
biosafety
2

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Microscopy: Handling
2
1
1
&Examination

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2
Gram's Stain : Making smears
4
6
1

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from colony, heat fixation, staining
&examination;Direct Gram smear
examination of clinical specimen
3
Demonstration of motility by hanging 2

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

.....
....
drop
4
Sterilization

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& Disinfection &
4
...
..
2 (Visit

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

infection control
to

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
D
Teaching methodology

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
E
Internal Assessment and Medical Ethics
Theory Question Paper Pattern
Exam. Category

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No. of Questions Marks
1. Essay
1 x 10 marks = 10
2. Brief answers
6 x 4 marks = 24

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3 Short answers
6 x 1 marks = 6
----
Total 40
----

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The above pattern is to be implemented from February 2018 onward
PRACTICAL EVALUATION
The TN Dr. M.G.R. Medical University Microbiology II M.B.B.S Practical Examination Format with exercises and marks distribution.
S.No:
Name of the Exercise

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Procedure&
Iden fica on
Interpreta on&
Time
Total

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Observa on
Discussion
1
Gram's Staining15
1.5

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1.5
15
3
2
Acid Fast Staining20

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1.5
1.5
20
3
3

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Stool Examina on10
1.5
1.5
10
3

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4
Bacterial Culture Iden fica on10
1.5
1.5
10

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3

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
E
Internal Assessment and Medical Ethics
5

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Immunoserology10
1.5
1.5
10
3

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6
Spo ers10
5
10
5

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7
OSPE :10
1)5 sta ons 1 mark each
5
General bacteriology-1;Systema c bacteriology-1;virology-1;applied

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microbioloigy-1; mycology-1;
2)One of the exercises may be tes ng of skills for e.g., .hand hygiene .
3.To be carried out in the prac cal session
4.To iden fy the par cular clinical scenario or picture or photograph and answer
three ques on of clinical or microbiological importance related to the par cular

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topic
5.Marks can be distributed according to the ques ons.
Key ques on : 0.5 mark; Two ques ons : 0.25 mark each
6.Answer keys have to be provided to the examiners.
7.Ambiquous ques ons have to be avoided.

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Total
25
Viva Voce :

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
E

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Internal Assessment and Medical Ethics
Internal Assessment Scheme for II MBBS Microbiology
Students come
Tenta ve Month
Por ons

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into the II year in
the third week of
October and the
protocol for IA is
as

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follows
:THEORY
SCHEDULES.No
.
1.

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December
General Microbiology
2.
March
Immunology

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3.
May
Protozoalogy
4.
July

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Helminthology
5.
August
Systema c Bacteriology ? I
(Staphylococcus upto Nonsporing anaerobes)

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6.
September
Systema c bacteriology II
(Escherichia coli upto Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
7.

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October first week
Systema c bacteriology III

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
E
Internal Assessment and Medical Ethics

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

(Mycobacterium leprae upto Chlamydia)
8.
October last week
Virology I (Introduc on to virology to Paramyxoviruses)
S.No.

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T 9.
OPIC
November
MARKS
Virology II (Arboviruses upto HIV)

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1.
10
Gen .eral Bacteriology & N
im o
m v

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u e
n m
ol be
ogyr. end
4

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Mycology
2.
Systema c Bacteriology
4
11.

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December first week
Applied Microbiology Seminars
3.
Vi12
ro .logy & Applied Micr Dec

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obiol e
o m
gy ber 3rd to 4th week
4
Model Exams as per University pa ern

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4.
Parasitology & Mycology
3
Total
15

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
E
Internal Assessment and Medical Ethics
1.The questions can be structured i.e. sets of questions with answer keys can be prepared and given to the examiners in each topic. This
can make the oral examination fairly uniform and objective similar to OSPE. Multiple sets of questions may be prepared to avoid monotony.

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2.Questions of reasoning type are preferred to recall type of questions.
Laboratory Record
1.The record can have standard instructions for the particular procedure for g., Gram stain to maintain uniformity in the hands on practical
2.Excercises in the form of Questions that are reasoning type with clinical orientation can be asked at the end of each exercise.
3.The records have to be periodically checked by the staff and included in the formative assessment.

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4.The students are expected to complete the documentation of the exercises and submitted for the formative assessment
Record should be followed as recommended by the University
1.Internal Assessment can be sent to the University in 6 terms of 3 months each. The assessment has to be submitted on or before 15th
day of the following term .The following are the methods and topics for formative assessment .The methods except seminar/symposium have to be
uniformly applied to all terms.

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---

The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
E
Internal Assessment and Medical Ethics
Forma ve assessment
I term September

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II term- January to
III term-May to
IV term-September to
Percentage
methods

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to December
April
August
December
of total

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assessment
General
Systema c
Virology, Mycology.
Parasitology, Applied

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Bacteriology,
Bacteriology I&II
Microbiology
Immunology,
1.Par cipa on in

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At least 1 seminar/symposium per student throughout the course
10
Seminar/symposia
The TN Dr. M.G.R. Medical
University Microbiology II

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M.B.B.S Medical Ethics :
2.Asssignment in topics of
1
1
1

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1
10
clinical or public health
1.Definition of Ethics :
importance

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Medical ethics is a
3.Tutorials/Group discussion
1
1
1

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1
10
compilation of moral
4.Theory : wri en test & Viva
2

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2
2
2
40
voce

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principles that apply
5.Prac cals :
1.Microscopy
1.Acid Fast Staining
1.Stool Examina on

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1.Fungal culture
values and judgments to
Iden fica on
the practice of medicine
A. Group discussion

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2.Gram's Staining
2.Bacterial Culture
2.Immunoserology-II
30
Iden fica on

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? ASO,RF,CRP & ELISA
2.Applied microbiology
and govern the
B. Objec ve type ques ons
3.Steriliza on

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&Disinfec on
3.Immunoserology-I
professional and personal
C. Hands on assessment
-Widal, RPR

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conduct of all students
4.Biomedical waste
D.OSPE
management
and staff of the

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institution .As a scholarly
discipline, medical
ethics encompasses its practical application in clinical settings as well as work on its history, philosophy, and sociology. The medical ethics

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
E

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Internal Assessment and Medical Ethics
inspire the professionals to become the most honorable ideals. Besides medical ethical guidelines direct the students, doctors and other
staff to act with ethical reasoning.
2.Ethical Reasoning
1. The problem: Identification and understanding the problem. for e.g. diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis by x- ray chest without doing

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sputum microscopy. As the X-ray findings -shadows is not specific for tuberculosis there will be over diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis
which is ethically not acceptable as the wrong diagnosis can lead to unnecessary mental agony and stigma to the patient.
2. Information: Collection of right information relevant for the clinical diagnosis is very important for the diagnosis of infectious diseases of
clinical and public health importance -for example, Dengue fever - fever and duration , body ache, headache, vomiting, complete blood
examination, platelets count ,positive tourniquet test duration, are important clinical and laboratory features one should try to elicit from the

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patient to assess the severity of the illness and thereby preventing the patient going for severe dengue which in turn will prevent mortality.
Failure to collect relevant epidemiological data especially in a case of fever may lead to delay in the diagnosis of falciparum malaria as early
diagnosis is very critical for the prevention of life threatening cerebral malaria that can occur rapidly and cause mortality. This is ethically
unacceptable as there is an effective therapy available.
3. Options. The various options available for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention have to be considered in each patient depending

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upon the accuracy of the diagnostic test, cost of the test, and the equipment. For example, In the diagnosis of multidrug resistant
Tuberculosis, the options available are : AFB Culture and molecular diagnostic tools such as line probe assay and realtime PCR multiplex
Tuberculosis .However for the benefit of the patient either line probe assay or the real time PCR assay (CBNAAT) is the best option .Though
the tests are costly the molecular tests are cost effective in terms of early diagnosis of MDRT.

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus

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E
Internal Assessment and Medical Ethics
The treatment options based on the suitability, cost, adverse reactions for e.g., treatment of community acquired urinary tract
infections due to E.coli susceptible to many antimicrobials including with locally & systemically acting drugs .The best option is treatment
with locally acting urinary antiseptics as they will not cause adverse reactions encountered during intake of systemically acting drugs.

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Consider all available reasonable options, choices and/or actions under the circumstance which you can apply to solve the problem. The
goal is to do the right thing at the right time.
4.Ethical issues in the laboratory :
A. Maintenance of confidentiality of laboratory test results: The maintenance of confidentiality is very important for the laboratory to gain
confidence from the clients of the laboratory. Generally the results are conveyed to the clients who inturn will convey the results to the

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treating professional .in some cicumstances the laboratory may have to convey the results directly to the treating physician for management
purpose. Maintenance of the confidentiality is mandatory in certain tests like HIV testing as the results may lead to alienation from the family
thus causing mental agony to the client.
Counselling has to be given both before and after testing in HIV /AIDS setting as the results may lead to sometimes suicides .Besides the
spouse and the partner also have to be counselled to facilitate the process of antiretroviral treatment that will definitely prolong the survival

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of the patient.

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
E
Internal Assessment and Medical Ethics
Consent from the patient: Written consent has to be always obtained from the patient for any procedure that can potentially harm the

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individual particularly invasive techniques. All research scholars should get clearance from the institutional ethical committee before any
study involving the patients. The consent has to be obtained always in the local language.

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
F
Internal Assessment & University Exam Marks Distribution pattern

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INTERNAL ASSESSMENT : 30 Marks
Theory: 15 Marks
Practical and viva voce: 10 Marks
Record-5 marks
Total: 30 Marks

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NB: Each Lecture class will be of one hour duration only; Each Practical class will be for 2 hours duration only; Applied and Clinical Microbiology are to
be dealt by problem based learning methods

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The T.N. Dr. M.G.R.Medical University II MBBS Microbiology curriculum & Syllabus
F
Internal Assessment & University Exam Marks Distribution pattern

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Recommended Text Books :.
a) Text Book of Microbiology 9th edition by Ananthanarayan and Paniker
b) Medical Microbiology by David Greenwood - 18th edition
c) Medical microbiology by Jawetz-27th edition
d) Medical microbiology by Murray 2015 edition

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E) PRESCOTT'S MICROBIOLOGY ? 2014 EDITION BY J
OANNE WILLEY
f) Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology2014 by Warren Leviinson
g) Immunology by Donald Weir 8 th edition
h) Essential Immunology by I.M.Roitt 12 th edition

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i) Parasitology by K.D. Chatterjee
- 13th edition
j) Textbook of Medical Parasitology: Protozoology and Helminthology 4th edition S.C. Parija
Reference books :
k) Topley and Wilson's microbiology and microbial infections 10th edition-8 vol

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l) District laboratory practice in tropical counties-second edition 2 volumes (practical)
m) Textbook Of Practical Microbiology Paperback ? 29 Mar 2007 by Subhash Chandra Par-
ija
n) Harrisons principles of internal medicine 19th edition
o) Principles and Practice of infectious diseases 9th edition-Mandell and Douglas

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p) Kuby immunology- 8th edition
q) Cellular & molecular immunology, Abbas litchman

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