Download MGR (The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University) MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) 2nd Year Pharmacology Syllabus
1. Curriculum
The curriculum has been designed as per MCI recommendations. MCI
has allocated approximately 300 hours for teaching pharmacology over a period of
three semesters. The theory classes would comprise of 180 hours and the practical
classes would comprise of 120 hours.
Goal
The goal of teaching the second year undergraduate students in
Pharmacology is to impart a holistic approach to Pharmacology and inculcate a
rational and scientific basis of therapeutics ,with regard to the basic domains of
knowledge along with skill development , attitude and communication . It aims at
building up of various competency levels at an undergraduate level with
* Focus on imparting a better insight into the clinical oriented training of
the subject which would definitely benefit the student to be more confident and
skilled to face the demands expected of him / her.
*And to include all clinically relevant aspects of the subject in the
pharmacology assessment with appropriate testing and to include CAL exercise
for must know aspects wherever applicable.
Specific learning objectives:
Knowledge:
At the end of the course the students shall be able to enumerate , describe
,analyse and acquire knowledge based on the following pharmacological aspects
relevant to clinical practice.
1. The general principles of actions and effects of various drugs and their
kinetics.
2. Dose related effects of drugs.
3. Indications, contraindications, interactions and adverse effects of must know
drugs
for must know disorders , [therapeutically used drugs in day to day practice].
4. The concept of essential drugs, the essential drug list of our country, concept
of P
drugs .
5. The importance of rational drug therapy.
6. To prescribe rationally based on the efficacy, safety and cost effectiveness for
a
particular disease depending on both individual and community needs.
7.
To prescribe drugs in special situations such as pregnancy, lactation,
pediatric
population and old age.
8.
To prescribe for mass therapy under National health programs.
9. The drugs of addiction and the management of addiction.
10. Antidotes and drugs used in common poisoning.
11. The various environmental and occupational pollutants, their effects on
human health and their management.
12. The different types of biomedical waste, their potential risks and the
management of
health hazards caused by them.
13. The ethics and modalities in the development of new drugs and the ethics
in clinical practice and animal ethics including evidence based medicine and
practice
oriented research .
14. Simple facts on legal aspects of drug use
Skills:
At the end of the course the student shall be able to demonstrate , show / show how
competencies related to the following topics
1. Rational therapeutics : includes art of prescription writing, common
prescribing errors and interpretation of drug labels
2. Demonstrate the ability in drug administration and drug loading skills in
drug
administration
3. Interpretation of clinically relevant problem based learning exercises based
on
prescription audit, pharmacoeconomics ,dose calculations ,drug interactions.
4. Demonstrate the ability to communicate in simulated models/ patients
5. Demonstrate attitudinal skills through simulated models / patients
6. Demonstrate the ability to interpret simple aspects on adverse drug
reaction monitoring
7. Demonstrate the ability to interpret simple aspects of antibiotic policies
8. Interpretation of toxicological aspects in pharmacology
A. Integration: A knowledge of clinical presentation and therapy of common
diseases will be imparted to the students by both horizontal and vertical
integrated teaching methods , seminars and group discussions .
Example : Cardiovascular pharmacology related topics like acute
myocardial infarction ,congestive cardiac failure . integrating departments
Anatomy, Physiology, Pathology, Pharmacology, Medicine.
Teaching hours in pharmacology : phase 2 ,5th to 7th semester
s.no
Teaching methods
Detailed time distribution
Number of hours
1.
Interactive lectures
110
2.
Problem based learning
Must know aspects
20
3.
Small group discussions
14
4.
Integrated lectures
8
5.
Tutorials
At the end of each system
14
6.
Others [seminars,quiz,role
14
play]
Total
180
Practicals [small group
teaching]
1.
Charts
Prescription
writing
15
Prescription audit
10
Clinical problem solving
10
exercise
Dose calculation
5
Pharmacoeconomics
5
Clinical pharmacology
10
Toxicology
10
2.
Spotters
5
3.
OSPE
20
4.
Computer assisted learning
20
Practical exam
5
Viva
5
Total practical hours
120
Grand Total
300
Teaching methodology
Theory :
1. Interactive Lectures
2. Problem Based Learning
3. Small group discussions
4. Integrated lectures
5. Tutorials.
6. Others [Seminars ,Mini quiz,Role play]
Practical teaching learning methods :
1. Small group teaching of charts
2. OSPE [ includes mannequin models]
3. Computer Assisted Learning
Theory syllabus
General Guidelines :
The important undergraduate based theory lectures can be scheduled to be
taught based on different clinical postings and prescribing pattern of
common drugs. The students can be instructed to collect prescription data on
the common ailments to enable an interactive session for a forth coming
lecture. The students of a particular clinical posting should be intimated at
least 10 ? 15 days earlier/ prior to the planned lecture. The other students
should come with the Prepared theory background .
[ Examples of important must know ailments : Hypertension, Diabetes
Mellitus, Myocardial Infarction, Congestive Cardiac Failure ,Shock,
Bronchial Asthma, Anemia, Peptic Ulcer ,Hypothyroidism ,
Hyperthyroidism , Epilepsy, Parkinsonism, Major Depression,
Schizophrenia, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Glaucoma, Urinary Tract Infections,
Tuberculosis, Typhoid, HIV, Amoebiasis, etc ]
Specific learning objectives and detailed time distribution for each teaching
learning method should be framed for each system by the department in
common, for uniform implementation and the theory classes should be
based on that.
The students can be divided into small groups and assigned into different
subtopics of the subject to be dealt for the day . They should be given
adequate preparatory time and each group can discuss their views on the
particular topic which can be summarized by the teacher/students in the
end. This can be done for must know topics.
Theory Syllabus : Pharmacology for undergraduate curriculum
Topic
Must Know
Desirable To Know
Nice To Know
General Pharmacology
1.Terminologies
1.Drug nomenclature
1.Pharmacopia
2. Definitions
2.Sources of drugs
2.Essential Medicines
3.Routes of drug
3.Pharmacokinetics
Concept
administration
-microsomal enzyme
3.Kinetics Of
4.Pharmacokinetics
classes,
Elimination ?
Passage of drug across
First order and zero order
Clearance ,Repeated
biological membranes,
kinetics
Drug Administrations ,
Absorption and
Loading and maintenance
Plateau Principle ,
bioavailability,
doses,
Target Level Strategy,
Distribution redistribution
Prolongation of drug
Monitoring Plasma
and plasma protein binding,
action
Concentrations
Biotransformation reactions ,
Enzyme inhibition and
induction,
First pass metabolism,
Routes of excretion ,
Plasma half life
5. Pharmacodynamics ?
mechanism of drug action ,
Receptors,
Combined effect of drugs,
Factors modifying drug action
6.Adverse Drug effects and
Evidence Based
pharmacovigilance
Transducer mechanisms,
Medicine ,
7.Concepts of therapeutic
Regulation of Receptors,
New Drug Development
index and margin of safety
Dose Response
8.Ethics ? biomedical ethics
Relationship,
Drug Regulations&
on rational
Rational Use Of
Drug Acts
prescribing,biomedical ethics
Medicines
on medical research
Drug Interactions,
Bioassays
Pharmacogenomics,
Pharmacogenetics
Autonomic Nervous
System
1.Neurohumoral
Neurohumoral
Transmission
Transmission ? Steps ,
Drug Dosage
Cotransmission
2.Cholinergic System
Cholinergic Transmission,
And Drugs
Receptors,
Cholinergic Drugs ?
Pharmacology,
Anticholinesterases,
Anticholinergic Drugs ?
Pharmacology
Drugs Acting On
Autonomic Ganglia,
Ganglion Blocking
Agents
Adrenergic Transmission ,
Receptors,
3.Adrenergic System
Adrenergic Drugs ?
And Drugs
Pharmacology,
Antiadrenergic Drugs,
Drugs For Glaucoma
Autacoids and related
Drugs
1.Histamine And
H1 Antagonists -
Histamine Actions And
Histamine Synthesis
Antihistamines
Pharmacology
Role
And Degradation
2. 5HT And Its
Pathophysiological Roles Of
Synthesis And
5HT Receptors ?
Antagonists And Drug
5 HT,
5HT Receptors,
Destruction, Actions Of
Distribution And
Therapy Of Migraine
5HT Antagonists, Ergot
5HT
Individual Roles Of
Alkaloids, Drug Therapy Of
Different Receptors
Migraine
3.Prostaglandins,
Biosynthesis And
Actions And
Prostanoid Receptors
Leukotrienes And PAF
Degradation Of PGs And LTs,
Pathophysiological Roles
And LTReceptors
Uses Of PGs And LTs, PAF
Of PGs And LTs
4.NSAIDS
Classification,
Pharmacology Of
Choice Of NSAID And
Mechanism Of Action,
Individual NSAIDS
Analgesic Combinations
Actions, Uses, Adverse
Effects Of NSAID
Selective Cox ? 2 Inhibitors
5.Antirheumatoid And
Classification And
Individual
Anti Gout Drugs
Pharmacology Of Drugs Used
Pharmacological
For Rheumatology And Gout
Variations
Respiratory System
Mucolytics,
Individual Drugs,
Choice Of Treatment In
Drugs For Cough And
Drugs Used For Bronchial
Pharmacological
Bronchial Asthma,
Bronchial Asthma
Asthma,
Variations
Drugs Used For Cough
Mechanism Of Drugs Used
For Bronchial Asthma And
Their Pharmacology,
Status Asthmaticus
Hormones
Somatostatin And Its
Growth Hormone,
Pathophysiological Role
1.Anterior Pituitary
Analogues, Gonadotropins,
Prolactin, GNRH, TSH,
Of Each Hormone
Hormones
Gnrh Agonists
ACTH
2.Thyroid Hormones
Actions, Uses Of Thyroid
Synthesis, Metabolism
Individual Drug
Hormones, Thyroid Inhibitors
And Regulation Of
Variations Among
Secretion Of Thyroid
Antithyroid Drugs
Hormones
3.Insulin, Oral
Insulin Actions, Mechanism,
Insulin Resistance,
Hypoglycemic Drugs
Types And Uses,
Difference In
And Glucagon
Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Newer
Pharmacology Of
Insulin Delivery Devices,
Individual Drugs,
Oral antidiabetic agents ?
Glucagon,
Classification And
Status Of Oral
Pharmacology Of Individual
Antidiabetic In DM
Drugs
4.Corticosteroids
Actions, Mechanism, Uses,
Mineralocorticoid
Biosynthesis, Individual
Adverse Effects,
Actions, Gene Mediated
Differences Among
Contraindications Of
Cellular Actions Of
Steroids
Glucocorticoids
Glucocorticoids
5.Androgens
Actions, Mechanism, Adverse
Drugs For Erectile
Regulation Of Secretion
Effects Andd Uses Of
Dysfunction
Androgens, Anabolic
Steroids, Antiandrogens
6.Estrogen, Progestin
Actions, Uses And
Individual Drug
And Contraceptive
Mechanism Of Estrogen And
Differences
Progestinsantiestrogens And
Serms, Aromatase Inhibitors,
Antiprogestins, Contraceptive
Pills? Types, Adverse Effects
And Contraindications
Biosynthesis And Regulation,
Male Contraception,
Contraceptives
7.Oxytocin And Drugs
Oxytocin, Ergot Alkaloids
Uterine Stimulants
Individual Drug
Acting On Uterus
Pharmacology, Tocolytics
Differences Among
Tocolytics
8.Drugs Affecting
Calcitonin,
Calcium ? Physiological
Calcium Balance
Vitamin D, Bisphosphonates
Role And Uses,
Parathyroid Hormone
Peripheral Nervous
Classification, Mechanism
Differences Between
Notes On Individual
System
And Pharmacology Of
Competitive And
Drugs
1.Skeletal Muscle
Different Groups Of
Depolarising Block
Relaxants
Peripheral And Centrally
Acting Skeletal Muscle
Relaxants
2.Local Anaesthetics
Classification, Mechanism Of
Adverse Effects,
Chemistry,Kinetics And
Action, Uses And Techniques
Individual Compounds
Comparative Properties
Of Local Anaesthetics
Of Local Anaesthetics
Central Nervous System
Stages Of Anaesthesia,
Mechanism Of General
Techniques Of
1.General Anaesthetics
Classification, Pharmacology
Anaesthesia, Kinetics Of
Inhalational
Of General Anaesthetics,
Inhalational Drugs
Anaesthetics, Individual
Pre Anaesthetic Medication
Drug Variations
2.Alcohols
Acute Alcohol Intoxication,
Pharmacological Actions,
Food Value And
Chronic Alcoholism,
Mechanism, Kinetics
Alcoholic Beverages
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase
And Interactions Of
Inhibitor, Methyl Alcohol
Alcohol
Poisoning
3.Sedative Hypnotics
Classification, Pharmacology
Drugs Affecting GABA
Sleep Stages ,
Of Barbiturates And
Receptor Gated Chloride
Kinetics Of Drugs
Benzodiazepines, Z
Channel,
Compounds,Melatonin,
Individual Drug
Benzodiazepine Antagonist
Variations
4.Antiepileptic Drugs
Classification,
Treatment Of
Kinetics Of Drugs
Pharmacology Of Different
Epilepsies ,Types Of
Drugs,
Epilepsies
Status Epilepticus
5.Antiparkinsonian
Classification ,
Pathophysiology Of
Kinetics Of Drugs And
Drugs
Pharmacology Of Individual
Parkinsonism
Individual Drug
Drugs
Variations
6.Antipsychotics And
Classification And Actions Of
Hallucinogens,
Types Of Psychosis,
Antimanic Drugs
Antipsychotics,
Cannabinoids
Distinctive Features Of
Atypical Antipsychotics,
Neuroleptics
Adverse Effects And Uses Of
Antipsychotics,
Antimanic Drugs
7.Antidepressant And
Classification Of
Differences Among
Comparison And
Antianxiety Drugs
Antidepressants,
Individual Drugs
Individual Properties Of
Pharmacology Of Each Group Treatment Of Anxiety
Drugs
Of Drugs, Classification And
Pharmacology Of Antianxiety
Drugs
8.Opioid Analgesics
Classification,
Endogenous Opioid
Pharmacology Of Morphine,
Peptides, Individual Drug
Agonist Antagonists Of
Properties
Opioid
9.Cns Stimulants
Classification, Cognition
Analeptics,
Individual Drug
Enhancers
Psychostimulants
Properties
Cardiovascular System
ACE Inhibitors
RAS, Actions,
Plasma Kinins
1.Renin Angiotensin
Pharmacology, ARBs
Pathophysiological Roles
System
Pharmacology
Of Angiotensin,
Direct Renin Inhibitor
2.Cardiac Glycosides
Pharmacology Of Digitalis,
Properties Of Individual
Chemistry Of Cardiac
Drugs Used For CCF And
Drugs
Glycosides And Kinetics
Their Mechanisms
3.Antiarrythmic Drugs
Classification, Pharmacology
Individual Drug
Types Of Arrythmia,
Of Each Group
Properties
Choice And Use Of
Antiarrythmic Drugs
4.Antianginal Drugs
Classification, Pharmacology
Individual Drug
Types Of Angina
Of Individual Groups,
Properties Drugs For
Treatment Of Myocardial
Peripheral Vascular
Infarction
Diseases
5.Antihypertensive
Classification, Pharmacology
Status Of Each Group As
Combination Therapy,
Drugs
Of Individual Groups,
Antihypertensive,
Parenteral Therapy
Hypertensive Emergencies,
Treatment Of
Hypertensive In Pregnancy
Hypertension
Treatment Of Shock
6.Shock
Drugs Acting On
Classification, Pharmacology
Individual Drug
Kidney
Of Individual Groups
Differences
1.Diuretics
2.Antidiuretics
Vasopressin Analogues
ADH Pharmacology
Vasopressin
Antagonists, Thiazides
As Antidiuretics
Blood
Iron Preparations ,
Deficiency
Kinetics Of Iron,
1.Haematinics And
Adverse Effects, Uses Of
Manifestations,
Kinetics Of Maturation
Erythropoietin
Iron,
Uses Of Vit B12 , Folic
Factors
Iron Poisoning,
Acid
Erythropoietin
2.Drugs Affecting
Vit K ,
Coagulants, Direct
Kinetics And Properties
Coagulation
Classification Of
Thrombin Inhibitors,
Of Individual Drugs
Anticoagulants,
Direct Factor Xa
Pharmacology Of Heparin ,
Inhibitors,
Oral Anticoagulants
Antifibrinolytics
,Fibrinolytics,
Antiplatelet Drugs
3.Hypolipidemic Drugs
Classification, Pharmacology
Characteristics Of
Lipid Transport And
Of Individual Groups
Individual Drugs,
Lipoproteinemias
Plasma Expanders,
Total Parenteral Nutrition
Gastrointestinal Tract
Classification, Pharmacology
Characteristics Of
Regulation Of Gastric
1.Drugs For Peptic
Of Individual Groups,
Individual Drugs
Acid Secretion
Ulcer
Anti H.Pylori Drugs
2.Antiemetics And
Classification, Pharmacology
Emetics, Other
Digestants, Gall Stone
Prokinetics
Of Individual Groups,
Antiemetics
Dissolving Drugs
Prokinetic Drugs,
5HT 3 Antagonists, Nk1
Receptor Antagonists
3.Antidiarrheal Drugs
Laxatives Classification,
Treatment Of Diarrhea,
Choice And Use Of
And Drugs For
Lactulose, Stool Softeners,
ORS, Other Laxatives
Purgatives, Non Specific
Constipation
Drugs For Inflammatory
Anti Diarrheal Drugs,
Bowel Diseases
Antimotility Drugs
Antimicrobial Drugs
Drug Resistance, Super
Classification,
Problems With Use Of
1.General
Infections,
Mechanism Of Action,
AMA, Choice Of
Considerations
Combined Use Of
Antimicrobial Agent
Antimicrobial
2.Sulfonamides and
Classification, pharmacology
Characteristics of
flouroquinolones
of individual groups
individual drugs
3.Beta Lactam
Classification, pharmacology
Characteristics of
Antibiotics
of individual groups
individual drugs
4.Aminoglycosides
Classification, Pharmacology
Characteristics Of
Of Individual Groups
Individual Drugs
5.Macrolide,
Classification, Pharmacology
Characteristics Of
Urinary Antiseptics
Lincosamide,
Of Individual Groups
Individual Drugs
Glycopeptide
6.Antituberculous Drugs
Classification, Pharmacology
Characteristics Of
Of Individual Groups, Short
Individual Drugs
Course Chemotherapy
7.Antileprotic Drugs
Classification, Pharmacology
Characteristics Of
Of Individual Groups
Individual Drugs
8.Antifungal Drugs
Classification, Pharmacology
Characteristics Of
Of Individual Groups
Individual Drugs
9.Antiviral Drugs
Classification, Pharmacology
Characteristics Of
HIV Treatment
Of Individual Groups
Individual Drugs
Principles And
Guidelines
10.Antimalarial Drugs
Classification, Pharmacology
Characteristics Of
Of Individual Groups
Individual Drugs
11.Antiamoebic And
Classification, Pharmacology
Characteristics Of
Other Protozoal Drugs
Of Individual Groups
Individual Drugs, Other
Antiprotozoal Drugs
12.Antihelminthic
Classification, Pharmacology
Characteristics Of
Drugs
Of Individual Groups
Individual Drugs
Anticancer Drugs
Classification, Pharmacology
Characteristics Of
Of Individual Groups
Individual Drugs,
General Principles Of
Chemotherapy Of
Cancer, Toxicity
Amelioration
Miscellaneous
1.Immunosuppressant Drugs
Enzymes In Therapy,
Antiseptics And
2.Treatment Of Scabies,
Drugs Acting On Skin,
Disinfectants,
Drugs For Psoriasis, Drugs
Paediatric And Geriatric
Environmental
For Acne Vulgaris
Pharmacology,
Toxicants
3.Chelating Agents,
Therapeutic Gases
4.Vaccines
5.Drug Interactions
6.Vitamins , Antioxidants
Bio medical ethics: The pharmacology lecture classes should have an
introductory class on biomedical code and values of ethics.
PRACTICAL SYLLABUS:
It was resolved to adopt compulsorily the Medical Council of India's Minimum
standard requirements regulations 1999 amended upto July 2015 as per the terms
of Notification published on 23.10.2008 in the Gazette, Government of India
which is as follows:
"for teaching Physiology and Pharmacology in UG curriculum the required
knowledge and skill should be imparted by using computer assisted module. Only
an animal hold area, as per CPCSEA Guidelines is required."
PRACTICAL SCHEDULE
S.no
Contents
Mode of
Student
10
teaching
activity
point
score
Pharmacology ? an ever changing
science
Learning objectives
A.
General pharmacology
1.
Drug information resources
CAL
visit to library
1
2.
Sources of new drugs & common dosage CAL /
Exercise on
6
identity /spotter
forms / Spotter
Lecture
3.
Animal experiments in pharmacology
CAL
Visit to animal 3
/Lecture
house
4.
Clinical drug development and
CAL / chart OSPE /
3
biomedical ethics
Exercise
5.
Therapeutic drug monitoring
CAL
Exercise
3
/Lecture
6.
Instruments in pharmacology
CAL / Lab Exercise
1
visit
7.
Weights ,measures and pharmaceutical
Lecture Exercise
6
calculations
B.
Clinical pharmacology
1.
Principles of prescription writing
Lecture
Exercise
6
2.
Interpretation of drug orders and labels
Lecture
Exercise
6
3.
Prescription writing exercise
Charts
Exercise
6
4.
Dose calculation & Standard doses of
Charts Exercise
6
commonly prescribed drugs
5.
Prescription audit
Charts
Exercise
6
6.
Pharmacoeconomics
Charts Exercise
6
7.
Clinical problem solving exercise
Charts
Exercise
6
9.
Qualitative and quantitative
Charts Exercise
6
pharmacology exercise
Toxicology
Chart
Exercise
6
10.
Adverse drug reaction assessment
Students
To collect at
1
ADR
least 1 or 2
exercise
assessment reports /
form
discussion in
small groups
11.
Antibiotic policy making exercise
Students
To collect at
1
Antibiotic
least 1 or 2
policy form reports /
discussion in
small groups
12.
P drug concept & exercise on common
Lecture Exercise
on
5
1
must know
ailments
disease
C.
Pharmacological skill development exercises & experiments / Objective
structured practical examination : Examples
1.
Test dose preparation of penicillin
OSPE 1
Prep
6
2.
Preparation of prefilled Adrenalin
OSPE 2
Prep
6
injection for emergency handling
3.
Administration of eye drops
OSPE 3
Demonstrate
6
skill with
mannequin
4.
Identification of different syringes OSPE
4
Exercise
on
6
identity
5.
Preparation of an IV line
OSPE 5
Demonstrate
6
skill
6.
Insulin :Mixing of long acting and short
OSPE 6
Demonstrate
6
acting insulin
skill
7.
Preparation of emergency tray in
OSPE 7
Demonstrate
6
Anaphylaxis
skill
9.
Preparation of emergency tray in Acute
OSPE 8
Demonstrate
6
myocardial infarction
skill
Picking out the drugs used in must know OSPE 9
Exercise
6
disorders and their rationale
10.
Interpretation of drug labels
OSPE
10
Exercise
6
11.
Identification of common prescribing
OSPE 11
Exercise on
6
errors
identity
12
Identification of banned drugs
OSPE 12
Exercise on
6
identity
13
Identification of Preanaesthetic
OSPE 13
Exercise on
6
medications
identity
14
Identifying the drug producing the
OSPE 14
Exercise on
6
toxicity/specific adverse drug reaction
identity
15
Clinical drug development model
OSPE 15
Arrange
6
blocks arrangement
assorted block
models
16
Aspiration from a vial
OSPE 16
Demonstrate
6
skill
17
Aspiration from an ampoule
OSPE 17
Demonstrate
6
skill
18
Reconstitution of dry powder form of
OSPE 18
Demonstrate
6
drug
skill
19
Intramuscular drug administration
CAL /
Demonstrate
6
skill with
mannequin
mannequin
20
Intravenous drug administration
CAL /
Demonstrate
6
skill with
mannequin
mannequin
21
Subcutaneous drug administration CAL
/ Demonstrate
6
skill with
mannequin
mannequin
22
Metered dose inhaler
CAL
Demonstrate
6
skill with
inhaler
23
Nebulizer
CAL
/
Demonstrate
6
skill with
mannequin
mannequin
D.
Toxicology & Small animal experiments / techniques for undergraduates
1.
Identification of picture [Plant Poisons
CAL /
Exercise/spotter 6
& symptoms ]
Chart
2.
Effect of drugs on rabbit eye : Miotic
CAL
Exercise
3
3.
Effect of drugs on rabbit eye : Mydriatic CAL
Exercise
3
4.
Effect of analgesics on albino mice :
CAL Exercise 3
physical method
5.
Effect of GA on rat
CAL
Exercise
3
Note : 10 Point Score [6: 3: 1 ], 6 : Must Know , 3 : Desirable To Know , 1 :
Nice To Know
Requirements for practical classes :
Updated charts on must know drugs for must know disorders as per syllabus
10 computers for 125 students
Mannequins: IM model deltoid , IM model gluteal . IV model forearm,
subcutaneous model / intradermal model. [at least 2 of each for training on
rotation ]
Inhalers and Nebulizer for demonstration
Other necessary material as per OSPE model [e.g.: drug tray, drugs ,
syringes , drug development block models , beakers ,test tubes , test tube
holders ,vials, ampoules etc.]
CAL station:
Each module: 15 -20 minutes
Computers needed: 10 for 125 students
No. of instructors: 10 [at least 8]
E.g. 250 students can be divided into 3 batches: A, B, C [84 +83+ 83 posted
on rotational basis to pharmacology ,microbiology, pathology during
practical hours]
CAL can be conducted for one batch of around 84 students at a time
Each batch will further be divided into smaller groups of 8 ? 12 students
REFERENCE BOOKS : Latest Editions
1. Basics and Clinical Pharmacology : Bertram G. Katzung
2. Essentials Of Medical Pharmacology : K.D.Tripathi
3. Pharmacology And Pharmacotherapeutics : Satoskar
4. Clinical Pharmacology : Bennet And Brown
5. Goodman & Gilmans Pharmacological Basis Of Therapeutics
THEORY EXAMINATION
Theory examination :
Theory Question Paper Pattern
No. of Questions
Marks
1. Essay
1 x 10 marks
10
2. Brief answers
6 x 4 marks
24
3 Short answers
6 x 1 marks
6
----
Total 40
----
Practical examination including OSPE: 25 Marks
Practical 1 :
15 Marks
Practical 2 :
5 Marks
OSPE:
5 Marks
------------
Total
25 marks
Viva
: 15
Internal assessment : 30 marks (Theory 15, Practical 10 &Record 5 )
Practical 1 :
1.Spotters
- -
2 marks
2.Prescription writing
- -
3 marks
3.Prescription audit
- -
3 marks
4.Clinical problem solving exercises - -
3 marks
(Therapy oriented problems of
drug adverse reactions and
interaction of commonly used drugs)
5.Dosage calculation
- -
2 marks
6. Pharmacoeconomic problems
- -
2 marks
Practical 2:
1.Toxicology
- -
2.5 marks
2.Clinical pharmacology
- -
2.5 marks
OSPE
- - 5x1 = 5 marks
Viva topics : Total 15 marks
I . General Pharmacology
4 marks
Autonomic Nervous system
Central Nervous system
Ocular Pharmacology
II . Autacoids
4 marks
Drugs acting on Kidney
Cardiovascular system including Blood
Respiratory system
Therapeutic gases
Gastrointestinal system
III. Chemotherapy
4 marks
Dermatological Pharmacology
Immunomodulators
IV. Endocrines
3 marks
Enzymes in therapy
Vitamins
Toxicology
Internal assessment
Each chapter will be followed by a theory written test and viva
voce. Average of all the test marks should be considered for the final internal
assessment. If the student is absent himself for any test, a repeat test can be
given according to the departmental decision.
At the same time practical exams should be conducted at periodic intervals
on the topics covered as per syllabus. The internal assessment marks will be
an average of theory, viva voce and practical exams including the completed
record work .
Internal assessment based on the above should be forwarded to the university
at quarterly intervals along with attendance for theory and practical's .
Internal assessment test: unit wise
Unit
Topics
Month
1.
General pharmacology
2nd week of
December
2.
Autonomic nervous system and peripheral nervous
1st week of February
system
3.
Central nervous system
1st week of April
4.
Cardiovascular system ,Blood and Diuretics
1st week of June
5.
RS,GIT ,Autacoids
4th week of July
6.
Endocrine
3rd week of
September
7.
Chemotherapy 1
3rd week of October
8.
Chemotherapy 2
3rd week of
November
Maintenance of records and log books
A documentation of the must know knowledge gained by the student
in the subject is mandatory. Every student should submit a record
notebook at the end of his course for certificate of completion during
his examination with assessment at periodic intervals .
A log book with regard to day to day progress should be submitted
every month to the concerned staff / mentor for verification.
[Attitude assessment eg .visit to library, participation in quiz,
seminars ,CMEs etc]
Research activities:
Research must be implemented during the course of the undergraduate
study. A basic knowledge about preclinical studies and clinical trials along with the
basics of protocol writing, biostatistics should be introduced through workshops/
seminars/guest lectures/ assignment/ mini projects [eg. Drug utilization studies ],
to all the undergraduate students. The students can be motivated on the importance
of attending CME s, Conferences ,Symposias etc.
Note: Samples of antibiotic policy form, adverse drug reaction monitoring form,
feedback form are provided for uniform implementation. The record note book
should be indexed uniformly in all the medical colleges ensuring all relevant and
important topics are implemented in the curriculum for all the medical under
graduates students without fail as per practical schedule.
ASSIGNMENT ON ANTIBIOTIC POLICY [sample form]
Students Reporting Form , Department of Pharmacology & Microbiology
Name of the patient :
Department / ward:
Age & sex :
OP No / IP No. :
Address :
Provisional diagnosis :
Empirical antibiotic therapy given: 1.
with dose and duration
2.
3.
Culture & Sensitivity recommended :
yes / no
If yes, result of report:
Any change in the treatment after C&S report:
Rationale behind the choice of treatment, dose & duration before and after culture
and sensitivity:
Classification, mechanism of action, uses, most common and serious adverse
effects of the prescribed antibiotic:
ASSIGNMENT ON ADVERSE DRUG REACTION MONITORING [sample form ]
Department of pharmacology, students reporting form
Patient name:
Age/Sex :
OP/IP No:
Ward / Unit:
Group of the drug considered:
Adverse event noted:
Analysis of the report:
1. Known ADRs reported (Expected) :
2. Other ADRs reported (Unexpected) :
3. Relationship of the ADR with administered drugs:
Certain
Probable
Possible
Unlikely
Unclassified
Unclassifiable
4. Comments:
Followed by small group discussion.
This post was last modified on 02 July 2021