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Download PG Medical 3rd Year PSM Notes

Download PG Medical ( Post Graduate Medical degree) 3rd Year PSM Notes

This post was last modified on 02 August 2021

Medical PG Handwritten Notes 1st Year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year and 4th Year (Study Material)


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DATE

Epidemiology :- (John M. Last given definition)

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Agent

Host

Environment

? After marketing approval of drug.

Epi - Among

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demi- people

logy- study

A study of diseases among people

distribut

determints

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frequency.

Time

descriptive

Place

Person

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epidemiology

We all Respiratory disease

Winter

Influenza

Measles

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Asthma-Spring/winter

Mumps

Newest ds. of India

Malasia Lengus monsoon

Rubella

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C. Pox

Congo feves

DM

Polio

Hay feves. - Spring

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HTN

Wintes

HIV

Neonatal

CHDX

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Tetanus

? Influenza Europe Wintes

(exeptr)

India Summer.

July. Sep.

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(Raing)

Congo feves spread by tick bite

3 New ds. of India - Congo fever - 2010 Gojasat

FirstRanker.com winter -2009-Pune.


FirstRanker.comdeust Ca is m/c female Cancer.

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DATE

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(total = 5+1=6 Cases PATE

P1 Strain

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Polia - I case in West bengal.

C: eliminat R.ca. 3 yss Case fisce)

so polio still present in India.

and Vaccine desived ? 5 Cases (P)

Place distribut" :-

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East/Malasia

Bihas/

NE

Kala. Azas WB/UP

Dengue Delhi, Kerala, Bengal, b

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Measles X

C. Pox X

(Guj/ leptospirosis.

Mumbai Pelio

HLV T. Nadu, Maha, Kentute

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A. P., Manipus, Naza

T.B X (Urban= Rusal)

Breast CancesX

Gujasat

H,N,

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Congoleves-

DM

P. Ovale Guj. /delhi/crissa

HTN

Lepsosy Bihas/wB/olkata

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CHD

GoitesX

JEV

west & flucrosis

KED?

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Centisat

Vector

asea

GJ

Culax filasiasis Coastal slates

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mosquito Typhoid X

MP

Maha etc.

Leptospirosis ? Rat Urine - Cut wound

Spread fast in Monsoon.

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Polio UP / Binas.

but Now No place dut.

but globally show

Afghanistan.

as 30/9/11

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Pakistan

Nigesia

and Now India ages

Yellow feves doesn't show place dis. in India.

(Not Presentbret

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? in China 4 Afisica

Onchocesciasis doesn't occus in India

SARS & Bird flu never occused in India.

classmate

Gujas of

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DATE

HIV S. Afisica India in all cities (everywhere)

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HIN spreading by Aispost (International)

mainly in Metiso city.

* 2 countsies can't contisol it (Endemic)

-India and NZ.

Leprosy eliminated means. ? WHO

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<1 case / 10000 (India-2005)

SO Eliminated fisom India but still present

Goites was place distribut" 1995

after that iodized Salt introduced but

in Gufasal - Kesala Nof following it.

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JE (Japanese Encephalitis) in 28 State

?

>80% Gorakhpus & UP.

& 7 UTS

Kyansanpus Forest ds. transmit by ticks

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mainly in Karnalaka.

Respiratory ds. doesn't show place distribut

Hep A is m/c Hepatitis in India.

m/c Hepalitis in Pregnant ? Hep. A

Hep. & Highest mostality in Pregnancy Hep.E

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Respiratory diseases ?don't show Sexual

(Mumps, Measles, Rubella dist sibul"

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Firstranker's choice

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DATE

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Person distribut"

*Age *

Jafter 40

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CHO

733%-DM al

>50%-HTN

-740

99% Measles

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Cases in

Cancer any Age (755)

Cataract (80-90%) after 55

OA/OP/OM> 40 ?.

food Poisoning X

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Mumps -5-gys.

TB, Leprosy

-0-Syl

Polio

6m-3ys.C. Pox Scrool

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H, N, X

NNT

* Measles practically can't Occul before 6 month.

passive immunity (Ig) fisom mothes.

Mumps -school.

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R

? HIV) incubat"

? C. Pox.

? 10 yeass so show Pesson dist

Commonest Reposted in 30-44 ys.

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but can occus at any Age

SLE vf

14. M Breast Ca?

Mortality Hep A X 2 food. Wates

11 in Hep EXJ

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Lung Can

CHDM

DM M

HTN ? f

Rubella

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C. Pox

() 1:7) ? HIV/f in India = 3:2

H.N

Measles X

(if not

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Malasia X

food Poisoning

Reparted)

Dengue X

Typheid

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cholesa

Cesvical-Ca X

Polio

BPH X only Seen

Stomach Ca M

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Osal.Ca M

in Male

TB X

So called

RA?

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Ser Restricted

OP/OA/OM-ut

ds.

Goites/Thyroidne females

Male ? Renal Stones

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Firstranker's choice

DATE

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(Place distribut")

+ Stomach. Ca Highest globally in Japan

: SMOKED fish Ninosamines.

? m/c Stomach. Ca Alcoholism everywhere

so don't show Place distisibut".

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47% Males & 21% female & Smokes in India.

30% doctosS 3 Smokes in India

? Determinants : (Causative Agent)

Ot

+

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Congo feves Naiso Virus Doc = Ribavirin.

XPigs cause Swine filu

X Pigs have Role in Transmission.

now called H, N, typo. A Influenza

frequency

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Prevallance (New+old)

Incidence

(New Cases)

Tools of Measurement of

A

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Rate

a

X 1000

- I'AR, Incidence.

b

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10000

100000

Ratio =

60

both Unselated = MMR, CSR, SR

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b

Pro post =

(ax

a x 100 ? % - Prevalance, CER

b

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Infant Mostality Rate =

No. of Infant death X 1000

total No. of Live Bisth

classmate

Past of

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denominator.

PAGE

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SA IMR of Japanistanker.com

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developed <10

developing >10 (40-100) DATE

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Infant Mortality Rate include astrol

Easly ENNMR-0-7d

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Pesi ?28 wk - 7 days Post delivery

PNMR

Late LNNMR - 8.28d

Post PNNMR-29d-1ys.

B. Asphyxia

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B. injusy

S-Intisanatal Causes of Perinatal Mostality Ex.

Obst. Labous

ans.? Antepastum Hemo:

India Now 50

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IMR = (17) mecuns. if 1000 livebisth 47 die

m/c/c of IMR / Low birth wtt.

2nd Prematurity 1st

Hypoglycemis

Hypothermia

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0-12

month

0-6 m

6-12 m

?

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x Diasshea

PEM

Pneumonia ?

X PEM

mick

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Yiassheam/c/c of Us

USMR

• Pneumonia)m/c/c of

Low Bisth Wt IMR in India.

death (JMR)

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in world

m 1 ys max death in 1 month

Rule of I

fas IMR

1st day - I week

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1st hs.

** m/c/c of death in Developed Countisies

(IMR)

is ? Congenital

? Maternal Mostality Rate = No. of Maternal death

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/ Live Bisth

× 10000

classmate FirstRanker.comcorrelated:


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Firstranker's choice

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FirstRanker.com

Maternal death all Pregnancy

m/c/c of MMR

PPH

Labour / Delivesy

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? <42 days Post delivery

m/c disect Cause of MMR ? PPH

m/c indisect Cause ? Anemia > Sepsis

MMR in India 212 (MMR is Ratio)

means 212 death pes 100,000 live bisths.

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Incidence No. of New Cases X1000

Total Populat" Risk

Prevalance New total cases X 100

total Populat

Propost

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? Prevalance of TB infect" 40% 100 populat

40s infected

? Infectivity Entery & Multiplicat" High

fos HIV infect" = 0,29%

Sex Ratio No. of f ×1000

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(Ratio) No. of M

SR India 940 No. of female/1000

2011 male

total populat = 10000 d M: F = 1:1

Sex Ralio 1

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10 ×1000

50 120

500 ans = 1000 ~

5000

total $ = 5000 50%

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ClASSMAte

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Firstranker's choice

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Statal P = 10000

M:F = 3:2

SR = 1500 true / false

? its false

1500 F / 1000 mate.

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Q-Total P = 10000

SP <1000

M <500

F <500

M < 5000

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? F < 5000-ans.

Child Sex

ICSRRatio

0-6 ys.

X1000

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M

CSR-India ? 914 Ch Highest Mizoram = 971

Lowest Haryana = 830

CER = Case fatality Rate No. of death X100

Proport" % No. of Cases

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CER of Rabies 100%

? less dangesous Telanus, YE, M. imenigitis 80%

35% •JE, Congo fever

Measles -3%

C. Pox 1%

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Hep. A - 0.1%

HIN, - 1%

QA Case fatality Rate Visulence of Causative &

Killing powes of ds.

Lethality of ds.

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Generated by CamScanner

ClASSMAte

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Firstranker's choice

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2027 - 80 Lung.

2012 -

wese Smoking Lung Ca

FirstRanker.com 80 FirstRanker.com

DATE

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?Smoking Lung Ca

Callse ? effect

Risk factor disease

Ex posuse outcome

Epidemiological Studies.

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Observational

in Mcq its not

Epidemio. Study.

Experimental

Descriptive

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Analytical

(Interventional

Hypothesis

H. Testing

H. confirmat"

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(H.) formulath

time, Place, Pesson

Cohort study

RCT (Randomize

Contisol tosial

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Case Control"

Cross Sectional"

Clinical

field"

Ecological "

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Community "

Cahost Study

? Care Control Study

2012-100 Smokes

2 groups

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Exposed

Exposed

Non-

2027 - 80 lung Ca.

exposed

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now

- wait for ocesance of

#also take 100 Non-Smokes

Some ds. in both gp

And Compase.

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Non of 20-27 Mong. Ca.

exposed

40

10

Strength of Associat" =

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Dalaliva FirstRanker.comidence in Exposed


FirstRanker.com of Ind

Firstranker's choice Cohost Bea for study ?2

Not

DATE

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(RR)

Relative Risk = 8 means 8 time Highes

chance of getting

(Risk Ratio)

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RR > 1 (+) Associat Present.

RR = 1 No Associath (b/w Smoking.

RR <1 ? (+) Associat "Pres and

Risk factor is Protective.

(Invesse / Negalive Associat")

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all Risk fator exept :-

CS1 RR Smoking - Lung - Ca = 8

CSI RR- Ais poll. - = 3.6

XCS RR Milk = 1

Risk factors

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9 out of 5000 tsuck dsives who we mobil

500 met accident in 2006

Not

who use mobile

3000

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Don't

do it

(100 met accident ? in 2006

ie 500/5000 = 3

ine 100/3000

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RR? =

5

0.20

3

0.33

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1

if 500 = RR=0.6

What is

500/5000 x-?

/3000

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incidence Among exposed = 10 2

..." Non-exposed = 5

GRR=2

Cohort Study ? forward looking

(othes Names) Prospective study

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Cause to effect Study

Risk fact, to disease Study

Exposwe to outcome Study

classmate

FirstRanker.com

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Firstranker's choice

FirstRanker.com

Cohort Study

?FRAMINGHAM Heast Study

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? 1948 - in framingham Town.

? Age = 30-62 yss

Total 4469

?

pessor

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? incidence of CHD every 2 years.

? Cohort Study

Case Contisol study :-

ds Heathy

Smoking

(Case)

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2 gps

(70)

(100)

1997-?

diseased

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Cases

Smoking <

(Control)

Healthy

10

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100

Non-

diseased

conteul

Strength of Associat":-

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Odds Ratio

not

RR = ie X

ine

we ask H/o

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Same Exposuse

In Both gps.&

ad

70x90

Compase.

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v (OR) =

= 21.

bc

10×30

Cross Product

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3*Casual

Ratio

Associath

OR >1 Associat Present

OR =1 No Associat"

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OR <1 Protective

Disease

Present (Cases)

Absent

+

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70 a

10 b

Risk

factor

30 C

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go d

(Sroking)

atc

b+d

FirstRanker.com

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FirstRanker.com CHD

Firstranker's choice

FirstRanker.conant 2 FirstRanker.com

H/o Alcohol +

30

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20

2.5

-

20

30

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2.25

900

400

? Alcoholics have 2.25 time Highes

Chances than Non- Alcoholics.

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? Case Contisol Study

TROHOC

Study.

Cohost

S?Lung Ca

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2012

2027

1 Time Consuming

2 Expensive

3 Incidence = RR >>> OR

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(more Accusate)

4 No Recall Bias!

5 Not for Rase ds.

6 Ethical Problem

7 Loss to follow up

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(Atrition)

8 Hawthorne bias

(smokers quite Smoking)

9 Multiple outcome

can be studies

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This download link is referred from the post: Medical PG Handwritten Notes 1st Year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year and 4th Year (Study Material)

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