Download MBBS Anatomy PPT 18 Axilla Notes

Objectives

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1. Definition of Axilla

2. Boundaries

3. Cervico-Axillary Canal

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4. Spaces/ Gateways in posterior wall

5. Axillary folds & Sheath

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6. Contents of Axilla

7. Axillary artery- Parts & Branches

8. Axillary Vein & Lymph nodes

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9. Applied Anatomy

Axil a (arm pit)

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? Axil a is gateway to upper limb,

providing an area of transition

between neck & arm

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? Between upper arm & thoracic

wall

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? Boundaries

-Apex

-Base

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-Anterior wall

-Posterior wall

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-Medial wall

-Lateral wall

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What is Axilla?

? A region (the axillary space) associated

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with armpit.

? It actually begins around cervicoaxillary

canal, at edge of first rib.

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? It continues to armpit, with bottom being

axillary fascia. (remember? The lower

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attachment of the clavipectoral

membrane?)

? It has musculoskeletal boundaries that are

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lateral, medial, anterior and posterior.

AXILLARY SPACE

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MUSCLES

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Subscapularis M

Major structures

inside: Axil ary sheath

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Latissimus dorsi M

and contents!

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Teres major M

Most of the rest of the

space is adipose tissue.

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Pectoralis major M

Serratus anterior M

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Pectoralis minor M

Boundaries of Axilla

Apex/cervico-axial canal/Inlet

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?Directed towards the root of the neck
?Boundaries:

? Front: clavicle

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? Behind: upper border of scapula
? Medially: outer margin of 1st rib

?Transmits axillary vessels and brachial
plexus

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? Anterior wal :

? pectoralis major

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? pectoralis minor

? subclavius

? clavipectoral fascia

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Posterior wal :

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? Scapula

? Subscapularis

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? Teres major

? Latissmus dorsi (forms posterior axillary fold

Gateways in the posterior wall

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? Quadrangular space

? provides a passageway for nerves

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and vessels passing between the

axil a and the more posterior

scapular and deltoid regions

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? Boundaries are formed by:

? the inferior margin of the

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subscapularis/teres minor

muscles

? the surgical neck of the humerus;

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? the superior margin of the teres

major muscle

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? axil ary nerve and posterior

circumflex humeral artery and

vein passes through it

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Gateways in the posterior wall

? Triangular spaces

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? Upper triangular space: When

viewed from anteriorly, it is

formed

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? by:

? Medial margin of the long head

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of the triceps brachii

? Superior margin of the teres

major muscle;

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? Inferior margin of the

subscapularis/teres minor

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muscles.

? Circumflex scapular artery &

vein pass into this space.

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Gateways in the posterior wall

? Lower triangular interval is

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formed by:

? long head of the triceps

brachii muscle;

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? the shaft of the humerus;

? the inferior margin of the

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teres major muscle

? The radial nerve passes out of

the axil a traveling through

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this interval to reach the

posterior compartment of the

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arm.
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