Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) Human Anatomy ppt lectures Topic 20 Front Of Forearm Notes. - anatomy ppt free download human anatomy ppt lectures, medicine notes ppt, anatomy handwritten notes pdf, mbbs 1st year anatomy notes pdf download, best anatomy notes pdf, human anatomy notes pdf, anatomy easy notes pdf, anatomy notes online, anatomy short notes, Anatomy ppt, Powerpoint Presentations and lecture notes.
Forearm
Two Compartments
Anterior (flexor) Compartment
Posterior (extensor) compartment Invested by
deep fascia
Attached to olecranon & post. Border of ulna
Sending no. of septa
Deep fascia ?thichened to form Fexor and
Extensor Retnaculum close to wrist
to retain digital tendons in position
Septa and Flexor Retinaculum
Anterior (Flexor) Compartment
Demarcated from post. compartment
Medially
Olecranon process and post. border of Ulna
Laterally
by anterior border of radius
Floor of Anterior Compartment
? Ant. Surface of Radius
? Ant. and Medial surfaces of Ulna
? Interosseous Membrane
(Fibres ? downwards & medial y)
Contents
Muscles ? 8 muscles
-- arrranged in two groups
? Superficial (Five)
-- Deep (Three)
Vessels ? Radial and Ulnar
Common interosseous branch of ulnar artery
dividing into
Ant. & post. interosseous branches
Nerves ? Median and Ulnar nerves
-- Anterior interosseous branch of median nerve
Flexor Muscles of the Forearm
Superficial flexors
Five(5) in number
common origin -- medial epicondyle of Humerus
All crosses Elbow Joint
Pronator Teres Flexor Carpi Radialis
Palmaris Longus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Muscles with additional origin ? PT, FCU, FDS
Deep Flexors
Three(3) in number
Origin confined to radius and Ulna
? Flexor Pollicis Longus
? Flexor Digitorum Profundus
? Pronator Quadratus
Pronator Teres
Origin
by Humeral (Superficial) And Ulnar (deep) Heads
Humeral Head
Ulnar Head
Medial border of coronoid process of ulna
Insertion
By a flat tendon to the middle of the lateral surface of
Radius
N. Supply
Median nerve , before it pass b/w two heads
Action : Pronation of Forearm , Weak Flexor of
Elbow
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Origin
? Medial epicondyle
? from adjoining deep fascia
Insertion
Palmer surface of base of second and third
metacarpal bones
Nerve supply
Median nerve
Action
Flexor of wrist
Along with ECRL & ECRB ? abduction of wrist
Palmaris
longus
Nerve Supply
Median Nerve
Origin
Action
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Weak flexor of wrist
Course
Long tendon
Passes in front of flexor retinaculum
Insertion
Continues as central part of Palmer aponeurosis
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Origin
Two heads
Humeral head
Ulnar head
Medial margin of olecranon process and
2/3rd of the post border of ulna
Insertion
To pisiform bone
through pisohammate and pisometacarpal l
hook of hamate and base of fifth metacarp
Nerve supply
igaments
Ulnar nerve
al bone
Action
Flexor of wrist,along with ECU ? adduction of
wrist
wrist
Flexor digitorum Superficialis
Origin
Two heads
Humero-ulnar
Medial epicondyle of humerus and
medial margin of coronoid process
Radial head
Whole length of ant. Oblique line of
radius
Course
Form four tendons above
wrist arranged in superficial
(mostly radial) and deep
group of two each
Passes below fl. Retinaculum
and diverge in palm
Superficial ? for middle and
ring finger
Deep ? for index and ring
finger
Nerve supply
Median nerve
Insertion
At base of proximal phalanx each digit tendon splits into two
Al ow the passage of tendon of F. digitorum porofundus
Slips reunite again, and split again to be attached to
side of the shaft of middle phalanx
Action
Flexion of middle phalanx at proximal interphalangeal joint
In prolonged contraction ? Flexion of metacarpophalangeal
joint and wrist joint
Deep Flexors
Flexor Pol icis Longus
Flexor Digitorum
Profundus
Pronator Quadratus
Flexor Poli cis Longus
Origin
Ant. Surface of shaft of radius below anterior
oblique line
and adjoining Interosseous membrane Passes below
Fl. Retinaculum
Insertion
Palmer surface of base of distal phalanx of thumb
Nerve supply
Ant. Interosseous branch Of Median Nerve
Action
Flexor of Thumb
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Origin
Ant. and Medial surface of upper 3/4th of
shaft of ulna
Including medial surface of coronoid and
olecranon process
Adjoining Interosseous memb
And upper3/4th of post. border of ulna
Course
Form four tendons
Remain united except the tendon
for index finger
Passes deep to flexor retinaculum
Diverge in palm
Passes in b/w slips of superficialis
Give origin to four lumbricals
Insertion
Palmer surface of base of terminal (distal) phalanx of medial
four fingers
Nerve Supply
Medial part- Ulnar nerve
Latreral part - Ant. Interosseous branch Of Median Nerve
Action - Flexes terminal phalanx
In anatomy, a vinculum (pl.
vincula) is a band of connective
tissue, similar to a ligament, that
connect a flexor tendon to a
phalanx bone. They contain tiny
vessels which supply blood to the
tendon.[1] In vertebrate
anatomy, they are referred to as
mesotendons.
These vincula are four folds in
the synovial membrane
Pronator Quadratus
Origin
Bony ridge on antero-medial surface of
lower1/4th of ulna
Insertion
Superficial fibres
Ant. Surface of lower 1/4th of radius
and adjoining anterior border of radius
Deep Fibres
Tiangular area just above the ulnar
notch
Nerve Supply
Anterior Interosseous branch of Median
Nerve
Action
Superficial fibres
principal pronators
Deep fibres
prevent separation of two
bones on thurst
Functional Classification of Flexor Muscles
Flexors of Wrist
?Fl. Carpi Radialis
?Fl. Carpi Ulnaris
Flexors of Middle Phalanges
?Fl. Digitorum Superficialis
Flexors of Distal Phalanges
?Fl. Digitorum Profundus
?Fl. Pol icis Longus
Pronator of the Forearm
?Pronator Teres
?Pronator Quadratus
Flexor retinaculum of the hand
? Flexor retinaculum - strong, fibrous band that
covers the carpal bones on palmar side of hand
near wrist.
? Attachment ?
Ulnar side- attaches to the pisiform bone and
hook of hamate bone.
Radial side- attaches to the tubercle of
scaphoid bone, and to medial part of the palmar
surface and the ridge of the trapezium bone.
Flexor Retinaculum
Flexor Retinaculum
Attachment
Medial y
Pisiform
Hook of Hamate
Lateral y
Tubercle of Scaphoid Crest of
Trapezium
Structures passing superficial to flexor
retinaculum
Tendon of Palmaris longus
Palmer cutaneous branch of Median nerve
Palmer cutaneous branch of Ulnar nerve
Ulnar vessels
Ulnar nerve
Structures passing deep to Flexor retinaculum
Median nerve
Tendon of flexor digitorum
superficialis
Tendon of flexor digitorum
profundus
Tendon of flexor pollicis
longus
Ulnar bursa
Radial bursa
Fibrous Flexor Sheath of Digits
Extend from head of metacarpal to
Base of distal phalanx
Form osteofibrous canal for tendons
Mechanism of injury In Colles' fracture
Colles' fracture
Colles' fracture
? Colles' fracture - fracture of
the distal forearm in which
broken end of the radius is
bent backwards.
? The fracture is also referred to
as a "dinner fork" or
"bayonet" deformity due to
the shape of the resultant
forearm.
? Symptoms may include pain,
swel ing, deformity, and
bruising.
? Complications may include
damage to the median nerve.
Smith's fracture
Monteggia and Galeazzi Fracture
Monteggia Fracture
Galeazzi Fracture
Anastomosis around Elbow joint
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
MCQ
? All structures passing superficial to flexor
retinaculum except
a) Tendon of Palmaris longus
b) Palmer cutaneous branch of Median nerve
c) Median nerve
d) Ulnar nerve
MCQ
? All structures passing superficial to flexor
retinaculum except
a) Tendon of Palmaris longus
b) Palmer cutaneous branch of Median nerve
c) Median nerve
d) Ulnar nerve
MCQ
? Al statements regarding Col es' fracture are true except
-
a) Col es' fracture - fracture of the distal radius in which
broken end of the radius is bent backwards.
b) The fracture is also referred to as a "dinner fork" or
"bayonet" deformity due to the shape of the resultant
forearm.
c) Symptoms may include pain, swel ing, deformity, and
bruising.
d) Complications may include damage to the ulnar
nerve.
MCQ
? Al statements regarding Col es' fracture are true except
-
a) Col es' fracture - fracture of the distal radius in which
broken end of the radius is bent backwards.
b) The fracture is also referred to as a "dinner fork" or
"bayonet" deformity due to the shape of the resultant
forearm.
c) Symptoms may include pain, swel ing, deformity, and
bruising.
d) Complications may include damage to the ulnar
nerve.
MCQ
? All Structures passes deep to Flexor
retinaculum except-
a) Median nerve
b) Tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis
c) Tendon of flexor carpi radialis
d) Tendon of flexor pollicis longus
e) Radial bursa
MCQ
? All Structures passes deep to Flexor
retinaculum except-
a) Median nerve
b) Tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis
c) Tendon of flexor carpi radialis
d) Tendon of flexor pollicis longus
e) Radial bursa
This post was last modified on 05 April 2022