2. Need to study anatomy.
3. Subdivisions of anatomy
4. History of anatomy
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Anatomy
? The branch of science which deals with
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the structural organization of livingbeing.
? Ana - (Apart) : Tome To cut (Greek)
? Dissecare (Latin): To cut apart
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Why do doctors study Anatomy?
? Symptoms and Signs
? Localize Pain, Lumps
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? Withdrawing blood, injections? Medical procedures
? Correction Surgeries
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Subdivisions of Anatomy? Cadaveric Anatomy
? Living Anatomy
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? Developmental Anatomy
? Microscopic Anatomy
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? Surface Anatomy? Radiographic Anatomy
? Applied Anatomy
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? Experimental Anatomy
? Genetics
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? Comparitive Anatomy? Physical Anthropology
Cadaveric Anatomy
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Gross Anatomy
Macroscopic Anatomy
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? REGIONAL ANATOMY
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GR
- He OSS ANAT
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ad and neck- Brain
OMY
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-Thorax
- Abdomen
- Upper Limb
- Lower limb
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? SYSTEMIC ANATOMY
- Integumentary system
- Skeletal system
- Muscular system
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- Nervous system- Cardiovascular system
- Lymphatic system
- Endocrine system
- Digestive system, Respiratory system,
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Urogenital systemCross Sectional Anatomy
Living Anatomy
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Inspection Palpation
Percussion Auscultation
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Otoscope BrochoscopeEndoscope Opthalmoscope
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Developmental Anatomy
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? Embryology
Microscopic Anatomy
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? HistologySurface Anatomy
Radiographic Imaging Anatomy
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X-ray
CT
MRI
USG
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Applied Anatomy
Genetics
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Comparitive Anatomy
Physical Anthropometry
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No science is complete without the
knowledge of its HISTORY.
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HISTORY OF ANATOMY
"The past is not dead history, it is living
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material out of which man builds for thefuture".
Rene Dubos (1901-1982)
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Beginning Of Civilization? Art of Killing
? Not the Art of Healing
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2700 ? 2600 BC
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? "Neiching" China? Earliest Book on Anatomy.
1700 ? 1600 BC
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? "Mummification" Egypt? Removal of putrifiable organs.
? Lost glory :Alexandrian school burned
1000 BC
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? India
? Susrutha, Charaka, Dhanvanthari
? Surgery Practices
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Hippocratus? 460-377 BC
? Greek physician
? Father of Medicine
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? Founder of Anatomy.? Guidelines, Scalpel,
Deadbodies from war.
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Aristotle? 384 ? 322 BC
? Term "Anatomy",
? Accounted Embryology,
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? Named arteries and veins.? Heart ? Centre of emotions,
intelligence.
Herophilus
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? 325 ? 300 BC
? Father of anatomy.
? Dissected criminals
? Brain ? Intelligence centre.
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? Defined parts of Brainand Spinal cord.
Birth of Christ
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? BC ADGalen of Pergamum
? 130 ? 210 AD
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? Prince of physicians? Dissected monkeys and
animals.
? Importance of spinal cord
and nervous system.
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? Never thought of Pulmonarycirculation.
? Blood flows through pores of heart.
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Anderas Vesalius
? 1514 ? 1654
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? De humani corporis fabrica? Father of Modern Anatomy
? `Reformer of Anatomy'
Leonardo da Vinci
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? 1452 ? 1519
? Italian "AllRounder"
Gray's Anatomy
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? Henry Gray & Henry Vandyke Carter
? St George's Hospital Medical School in London
? First publication:1858
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Daniel John Cunningham? Scottish Anatomist. 1850-1909
? Cunningham's Text-book of Anatomy and
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Illegal Trade? Burke and Hare murders.
? Robert Knox
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Anatomy Act 1832? Act of Parliament of the UK.
? Gave free licence to doctors, teachers of
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anatomy and medical students to dissectdonated bodies.
? It was enacted in response to public revulsion at
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the illegal trade in corpses.Embalming
? Art and Science to preserve human body with the
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help of certain chemicals (Formaldehyde,glycerin,
etc).
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LETS ANSWER A FEWQuestions
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Q 1. Which surgeon of ancient India is alsocalled as "Father of Surgery" ?
A. Charak
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B. SushrutaC. Atreya
D. Dhanvantri
Q 2. Name the famous Greek Physician who
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is also called as the "Father Of Medicine"
A. Aristotle
B. Plato
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C. HippocratesD. Herophilus
Q 3. Who is often referred to as the "Father Of
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Modern Anatomy"A. Leonardo Da Vinci
B. Andreas Vesalius
C. William Harvey
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D. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek