Download MBBS Anatomy PPT 68 Pancreas Notes

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Pancreas- Brief History

Herophilus, Greek surgeon first described

pancreas.

Wirsung discovered the pancreatic duct in 1642.
Pancreas as a secretory gland was investigated

by Graaf in 1671.

R. Fitz established pancreatitis as a disease in

1889.

Whipple performed the first pancreatico-

duodenectomy in 1935 and refined it in 1940.

Pancreas




Pancreas

Gland with both exocrine and endocrine functions
15-20 cm long, 2.5-3.8 cm broad, & 1.2-1.8 cm thick.
60-100 gram in weight
Location: retro-peritoneum*, 2nd lumbar vertebral

level

Extends in an oblique, transverse position
Parts of pancreas: head, neck, body and tail

LOCATION




Head of Pancreas

Enlarged flattened right end of pancreas,

situated with in the curve of the duodenum.

External features-
3 borders- sup.,inf. & rt.lat.
2 surfaces- ant. & post.
1 process
RELATIONS-
Sup border ? overlapped by 1st part of duodenum

& is related to SPDA

Inf. Border- 3rd part of duodenum & IPDA.
Rt. Lat. Border- 2nd part duodenum, terminal part of

bile duct & anastomosis between 2 pan.art.

Two surfaces-
Ant. Suf- gastroduodenal a.
transverse colon
jejunum sep. frm it by peritoneum.
Post. Suf- IVC, Terminal part of Renal veins
Rt. Crus of diaphragm & bile duct.

Uncinate proc.- Ant.- SMA
Post.- Aorta.




Dr.

HEAD OF THE PANCREAS & Its

Ravi

relations.

Anterior

Relations

Posterior

Relations




Neck of Pancreas

2.5 cm in length, constricted part bet. Head & Body.
2 surfaces ? Ant. & Post.

Ant. ? peritoneum covering post.wall of lesser sac &
pylorus

Post.- termination of SMV and splenic vein

confluence to form portal vein




Pancreas

Body of Pancreas

Elongated, long structure Extends from neck to tail
Triangular on cross section
3 borders- ant.,sup., & inf.
Tuber omentale

Relations-
Ant. Border- root of transeverse mesocolon
Sup. Border- coeliac trunk, hepatic a.(r) & splenic a(l)
Inf. Border- sup. Mesent. Vessesls.




Ant. Suf.- covered by peritoneum &
related to lesser sac & to stomach
Post. suf.- devoid of peritoneum
related to aorta, lt. adrenal gland,
lt. renal vessels and upper 1/3rd of lt. kidney,
lt. crus of diaphragm & Splenic vein

Inf. suf.-covered by peritoneum &
related to DJ flexure, coils of jejunum & lt.
colic flexure




Tail of Pancreas

Narrow, lt. end of pancreas
Lies at the level of 12th thoracic vertebra
Ends within the splenic hilum
Lies in the lienorenal ligament
Anteriorly, related to splenic flexure of colon
May be injured during splenectomy (fistula)




Pancreatic Duct

Main duct (Wirsung) runs the entire length of

pancreas

Joins CBD at the ampulla of Vater
2 ? 4 mm in diameter, 20 secondary branches
Ductal pressure is 15 ? 30 mm Hg (vs. 7 ? 17 in CBD)

thus preventing damage to panc. duct

Lesser duct (Santorini) drains superior portion of head

and empties separately into 2nd portion of duodenum




Arterial Supply of Pancreas

Variety of major arterial sources (celiac, SMA and

splenic)

Mainly pancreatic br. Of Splenic a.
Superior pancreaticoduodenal a.
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal a.




Arterial Supply of Pancreas

Venous Drainage of Pancreas

Follows arterial supply
Drain into- splenic, superior mesenteric
Ultimately, into portal vein




Venous Drainage of Pancreas




Lymphatic Drainage

Lymphatics follows the arteries

Drain into pancreaticosplenic, coeliac & superior

mesenteric group of lymph nodes.

28


Innervation of Pancreas

Sympathetic fibers from the splanchnic nerves
Parasympathetic fibers from the vagus
Both give rise to intrapancreatic periacinar plexuses
Parasympathetic fibers stimulate both exocrine and

endocrine secretion

Sympathetic fibers have a predominantly inhibitory

effect

This post was last modified on 05 April 2022