Download MBBS Pathology PPT 11 Non Neoplastic Diseases of Cns Lecture Notes

Non-neoplastic diseases of

the Central Nervous system

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Its special

15% Cardiac output

20% O2 consumption

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Physical y isolated

Vascular barrier

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Circulation priority

Metabolic privilege

Incredibly complex

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Even dies uniquely!

But it deserves al

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the attention

because it performs

And very intricately organized

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Well cushioned and fed

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BUT

Radial & Tangential

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migration

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D

E

Many things can go wrong

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ZIKA

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Virus!!

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Many things can go wrong

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M

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Many things can go wrong

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Many things can go wrong

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V

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P

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E L

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Heterotopia

N Y

T

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L

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A

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D

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Many things can go wrong

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A

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N
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M

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A

Many things can go wrong

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Communicating Vs Non-communicating

H

Primary Vs Secondary

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Y

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Many things can go wrong

C

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E

? Vasogenic

R

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? Cytotoxic

E

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? Interstitial

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M

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Many things can go wrong

H

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Life

I

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threatening

O
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Many things can go wrong

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H

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M

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H
A
G

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C

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E

Many things can go wrong

Non-hemorrhagic

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R

Hypoxia

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E

Ischemia

Infarct

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B

Hemorrhagic

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O E

V A

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S E

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C

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E

Many things can go wrong

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R

E

B

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Hippocampus

R

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Cerebel um (Purkinje)

O

Cerebral cortex

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E

Does it affect al areas equal y?

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(Pyramidal)

V A

Cardiac arrest

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A

Shock

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S

S

Hypotension

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E

C

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Does it affect al cel s equal y?

S

U

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Neurons>> Glial cel s

L

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A

R

Very severe ischemia: Diffuse neuronal

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damage

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COMA

D

I

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SC
E

Many things can go wrong

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R

E

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B
R

O

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Embolism

E

V A

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A S

Thrombus

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S E

C S

U

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Vasculitis

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S

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C

E

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R

E

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Liquefactive

B

necrosis

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O E

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V A

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S E

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C S

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D

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SC
E

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Deep

R

Brain

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E

B

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Lacunar infarcts

R

O E

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Slit

V

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haemorrhages

A

A S

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S E

C S

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Hypertensive

U

encephalopathy

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L

A

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R

Intraparenchymal

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haemorrhage

D

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S

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C

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O E

V A

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A S

S E

C S

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SC

INFARCT

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Many things can go wrong

R

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O E

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RED NEURONS

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E

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O E

V A

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R



D

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S

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C

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E

GITTER CELLS

R

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E

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O E

V A

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A S

S E

C S

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D

I

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S

Many things can go wrong

? How do the organisms get into the brain or its meninges?

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I

Hematogenous spread

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N

F

Arterial

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Venous

E

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Local extension

C

T

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I

Direct implantation

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O
N

S

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Through nerves
Terminology

I

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? Acute Vs Subacute Vs Chronic

Acute bacterial/pyogenic

meningitis

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N

? Causative organism

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F

? Bacterial

Chronic bacterial meningitis

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E

? Viral

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C

? Fungal

? protozoal

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T

Chronic bacterial meningitis

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I

? Compartment affected

? Meningitis

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O

? Encephalitis

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Acute aseptic meningitis

N

? Meningo-encephalitis

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S

? Nature of involvement

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? Focal

Viral encephalitis

? Diffuse

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Clinical presentation

I

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N

? Systemic signs of infection with

F

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? Meningeal irritation

Waterhouse Friderichsen syndrome:

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Meningitis

E

? Neurological impairment

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Septicemia

C

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? Headache

Adrenal gland hemorrhagic infarction

T

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? Photophobia

Meningococcal meningitis

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I

? Irritability

Pneumococcal meningitis

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O

? Clouding of consciousness

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N

? Neck stiffness

S

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Acute pyogenic meningitis

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I

N

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F

E

C

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T

I

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O
N

S

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LESS SEVERE

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BUT LONG TERM SEQUELAE

I

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N

F

E

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C

T

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I

O
N

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S

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HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS

ENCEPHALITIS

I

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N

F

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E

C

T

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I

O
N

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S

VIRAL

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INCLUSIONS

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I

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S

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N

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I

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N

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E

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C

T

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I

O
N

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S

Prion disease

I

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? Proteinaceous infectious particle

N

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F

? Spongiform encephalopathy

E

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C

? Creutzfeldt Jacob disease

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T

? Fatal Familial Insomnia

I

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O

? Bovine Spongiform encephalopathy

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N

? Kuru

S

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I

N

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F

E

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D

MULTIPLE

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SCLEROSIS

M

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Y

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G E

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PLAQUE

A

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ALZHIEMERS

N S

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R S

A

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I

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V

E

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NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLE

DN

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D I

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E S

G E

E A

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N S

E E

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R S

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T

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I

PARKINSONS

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V

E

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D


Questions which have been asked.

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