Download MBBS Physiology Presentations 10 Endocine Introduction Lecture Notes

Endocrine system maintains homeostasis

Endocrine glands are ductless glands which

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secrete secretions, hormones directly into

the blood stream

Hormones are chemical substances that

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transfer information from one set of cells

into the other.
The word hormone is derived from a Greek

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word "Hormaein" ? to excite or set in motion

The term "Hormone" was first used by

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E.H.Starling in 1905 to describe Secretin

Target organs: express receptors that bind

the specific hormones to initiate a cellular

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response

In the dark ages, victors of battle used to eat

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the organs (brain, heart, gonads) as they

considered them to have powers.

Aristotle noted the behavioral and physical

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effects of castration of roosters

Charles Brown Sequard, French physician

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gave the concept of endocrine replacement

therapy

Bayliss and Starling, first described hormone -

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Secretin
Change in cell function
Control of growth and development
Alteration in body mass and its composition

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Reproductive functions
Digestion, utilization and storage of nutrients
Regulation of volume and composition of

fluid compartments

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Behavioral changes
Control of senescence

Proteins or peptides:

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Insulin

Secretin

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IGF (Insulin like Growth

Glucagon

Factors)

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VIP

LH

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GIP

FSH

ANP

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TSH

Calcitonin

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HCG

CCK

GH

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ADH

Prolactin

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Inhibin

HPL

Somatostatin

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PTH

ACTH
Amino Acid

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Steroid Hormones:

derivatives:

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Glucocorticoids

Epinephrine

Mineralocorticoids

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Norepinephrine

Estrogen

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Dopamine

Progesterone

Serotonin

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Testosterone

Thyroxine (T4)

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1,25-

Tri-iodothyronine

Dihydroxycholecalcif

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(T3)

erol
Feedback control

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Neural control
Rhythmic or chronotropic control
Humoral control

Hypothalamus

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Hypothalamic

hormones (RH/IH)

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Ant. Pituitary

Trophic

hormones

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Target organ

Physiological

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effects