Download MBBS Physiology Presentations 19 Acid Base Regulation Lecture Notes

Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) 1st Year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year and Final year Physiology 19 Acid Base Regulation PPT-Powerpoint Presentations and lecture notes

Acid ?Base Regulation

Types of acids

? Volatile acids: Carbon dioxide
? Fixed acids:

Sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid

? Organic acids:

Lactic acid, Aceto-acetic acid, - Hydroxy

Butyric acid


Factors increasing H+ secretion

? PCO2
? H+; HCO3
? ECF volume
? Angiotensin I
? Aldosterone
? Hypokalemia
Acidosis

Respiratory- Acute

Metabolic- Acute

? Breath holding

? Severe diarrhoea

? Acute respiratory tract

? Cholera

obstruction

? Barbiturate poisoning

Chronic:

? Respiratory depression

? Lactic acidosis

Chronic:

? Diabetic ketoacidosis

? COPD
? Persistent respiratory

obstruction
Alkalosis

Respiratory- Acute

Metabolic- Acute

? Voluntary hyperventilation

? Vomiting

? High altitude
Chronic:

Chronic:

? CNS disorders

? Diuretics

? Psychological
? Persistent hyperventilation

Anion Gap

Increased Anion gap

Normal Anion gap

(Normochloremia)

(Hyperchloremia)

? Diabetes Mellitus

? Diarrhoea

? Lactic acidosis

? Renal tubular acidosis

? Chronic Renal Failure

? Addison's disease

? Aspirin

? Carbonic anhydrase

? Methanol poisoning

inhibitors

? Ethylenel glycol poisoning
? Starvation