Download MBBS Physiology Presentations 4 Renal Gfr And Rbf Lecture Notes

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

To understand -

? The forces that determine glomerular filtration rate.

? The regulation of glomerular filtration

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Autoregulation and its mechanism

? Juxta glomerular apparatus (JGA)
Determinants of GFR

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

The GFR is determined by

PG

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

G

Sum of the hydrostatic and

colloid osmotic forces across the

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

glomerulus ?

P

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

B

B=0

Starling forces inform us about

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

net fluid movement:

Determinants of GFR

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

GFR =Kf x [(P G-P B)-( G- B)]

PG

G

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Net filtration pressure

= 10

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

PB

B
Pressures & causes?Decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

GFR =Kf x [(P -P

G )-(

B

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

G -

c )]

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

B

REGULATION OF GFR
GFR must be precisely regulated

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Control of GFR

Intrinsic Control mechanisms of GFR

1) Autoregulation

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

2) Extrinsic Control mechanisms of GFR
Renal Auto regulation - Intrinsic Control

Some concepts regarding control of GFR

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

(flow in glomerulus)
Some concepts regarding control of GFR

regarding flow of glomerulus

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Principle concept : Autoregulation
Renal Auto regulation - Intrinsic Control
a. Myogenic mechanism:

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

b.Tubulo-glomerular feedback:

a. Myogenic mechanism of Autoregulation
b. Tubulo-glomerular Feedback response

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

- Juxta Glomerular Apparatus?

N
a
C

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

l
Tubulo-Glomerular Feedback-TGF ? Apparatus-

(Juxta Glomerulus Apparatus)

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

NaCl

Sensor: Macula Densa cells ?

Tubulo-Glomerular Feedback-TGF ? Apparatus-

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

(Juxta Glomerulus Apparatus)

N
a

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Cl

Integrator: Juxta-glomerular cells

(JG or Granular cells) ?

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Tubulo-Glomerular Feedback-TGF ? Apparatus-

(Juxta Glomerulus Apparatus)

NaCl

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Effectors:

Renal Afferent and

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Efferent Arterioles

Tubulo-Glomerular Feedback Mechanism
Renin

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

ACE

Important physiologic functions of Angiotensin II

Arteriolar vasoconstriction

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

antidiuretic hormone

thirst

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

aldosterone

NaCl reabsorption

Constrict the glomerular mesangium,

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Hormones that Influence Glomerular Filtration Rate

STIMULUS

GFR

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Vasoconstrictors

Sympathetic nerves

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

ECFV

Angiotensin II*

ECFV

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Endothelin

Stretch, AII,

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

bradykinin,

epinephrine, ECFV

Adenosine (AA)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Macula densa NaCl

Vasodilators

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Prostaglandins

(PGE1, PGE2, PGI2)

ECFV, shear

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Nitric oxide

Stress, AII shear

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

stress, acetylcholine,

histamine, bradykinin, AT P

Bradykinin

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Prostaglandins,

ACE

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Natriuretic peptides

(ANP, BNP)

ECFV

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

These effects of angiotensin I are evident with concentrations that constrict the afferent and efferent arterioles.

ACE, Angiotensin-converting enzyme; AI , angiotensin I ; ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; BNP, brain natriuretic

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

peptide; ECFV, extracel ular fluid volume; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; PGE, prostaglandin E; PGI2, prostacyclin; RBF, renal blood flow.
Mesangial Cells
Applied

ACE inhibitors (e.g. captopril, enalapril) -

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Acute kidney injury (AKI) from NSAIDs

Important points of the lecture

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Forces Favoring and opposing glomerular Filtration

1 cause of each PB and PGC
What will happen if GFR is too high or too low?

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Efferent arteriole constriction cause increase or decrease in GFR.

What is principle of myogenic autoregulation and range of fluctuation of

MAP for it?

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Tubulo-Glomerular Feedback Mechanism

Functions of Angiotensinogen II
Self Assessment

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Macula densa cells of DxCT are a

ACE inhibitors are used

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

type of

in the treatment of

1) Chemoreceptors

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

2) Osmoreceptors

1) Hemolytic anemia

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

3) Baroreceptors

2) Hypertension

4) Nociceptors

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

3) Hyperthyroidism

4) Hydatid cyst

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Tubulo-glomerular feedback mechanism is

mediated by:

1) Adrenaline

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

2) Acetylcholine

3) Adenosine

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

4) Prostacycline

Thank you