Download MBBS Physiology Presentations 46 Hematology Blood Composition And Function Lecture Notes

Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) 1st Year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year and Final year Physiology 46 Hematology Blood Composition And Function PPT-Powerpoint Presentations and lecture notes


Hematology

Hematology-Introductory lecture

Learning Objectives:

At the end of this lecture student should be able to describe

1. What is Hematology

2. Definition, composition and functions of blood

3. Difference between blood and serum and

importance of the term serum


??Hematology

Introduction to the branch of Hematology

Hematology ?

It is a branch of medical sciences that is

concerned with the study of blood i.e.

functions of its components, and related

disorders (diseases) and treatment.


Introduction to the branch of Hematology

It encompasses

physiology,

pathology &

clinical laboratory work,

internal medicine, and

pediatrics

Definition of Blood


Definition of Blood

Blood is a specialized, constantly flowing connective

tissue which acts as

a link between external & internal environment

Thus carries out transport functions in body

and works to maintain `constancy of milieu interior'

What is external and internal environment






What is external and internal environment

External Environment

Blood

Internal Environment

Need - a link between ext & int environment

Life arose in sea as unicel ular

organisms.

Unicel ular organism was

present in the `unlimited ?

constant' external environment

of the primordial sea.




































Need of a link between ext & int environment

With time the evolution from unicel ular organisms to multicel ular organisms, the

transition from specialized cel groups to organs, occurred.

Thus interstitial fluid came into existence but it was very limited.

Thus a system of circulating fluid blood came in to existence as a link between this int

and ext environment

Common Characteristics of Blood

?Blood volume (liters) = 7%-8% of body weight (80 ml/kg bw)

? adult male: 5 to 6 liters

? adult female: 4 to 5 liters

? Blood pH:

Slightly alkaline pH - 7.35-7.45

? Viscosity:

Blood is a viscous fluidWhole blood: 4?5 times to water (RBC).
Common Characteristics of Blood

The specific gravity (relative density) of

Whole blood : 1.050-1.060



Functions of blood

Maintain homeostasis

Transport Actions : Blood transports various substances-

1. Nutrients, 2. Gases, 3. Waste products, 4.Transport of various cel ular products

Defense against invading foreign substances including microorganisms

Hemostasis is one of the very important function

Water balance : Increased intake Increased output

Temperature Regulation: It helps in circulating body heat evenly throughout the

body.




Composition of Blood

Water: 90% - 93%

Plasma: 50-60%

Solutes: 7% -10% Proteins

Nutrients

Whole

Products
Electrolytes

blood

Others: urea, gases.

WBC+ Platelet : 1%

RBC: 40-50% (male)
37-45% (female)

And anticoagulant is mixed

Composition of Blood

Formed cellular Components:

The Erythrocytes (RBCs - 4-6 mil ion/mm3 ,

45% - PCV)

The Leukocytes and Platelets =~1%),

Leukocytes (WBCs - 4000-11000/mm3)

Platelets (Thrombocytes - 1.5-4.0 lac/mm3)


Composition of Blood

Plasma:

A protein-rich straw colored supernatant clear fluid

portion of the anticoagulant mixed blood,

that is devoid of suspended cel ular elements,

has immense number of organic & inorganic molecules.

Composition of Blood

Serum:

If whole blood is al owed to clot and

the clot is removed, the remaining clear fluid is cal ed serum.
Serum has essential y the same composition as plasma, except that

its fibrinogen and clotting factors II, V, and VIII have been removed and it has a

higher serotonin content

For al blood chemistry serum of blood is preferred over plasma.
Exercise-MCQs

Major constitute of blood is

(a) Water

(b) Protein

(c) Cel s

(d) Inorganic molecules


Amount of total blood volume in an individual is approximately:

(a) 50 -60 ml/kg body weight

(b) 70-80 ml/kg body weight

(c) 90-100 ml/kg body weight

(d) >100 ml/kg body weight


Total blood volume (% of body weight) is:

(a) 8

(b) 20

(c) 40

(d) 80


This post was last modified on 08 April 2022