Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) 1st Year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year and Final year Physiology 47 Anemia PPT-Powerpoint Presentations and lecture notes
Anemia
Learning Objectives
? What is anemia
? What are symptoms and signs of anemia
? What is classification and different types of anemia
? What are causes of different types of anemia
Anaemia
? Significant reduction (at least 10 %) in
circulating red cell mass or their
hemoglobin content appropriate for the
age and sex, leading to corresponding
decrease in the Oxygen - carrying capacity
Normal Appearance
of blood.
? WHO criteria - Hb < 13 gm/dl in men & Hb <
12 gm/dl in women
Pallor due to Anemia
Grades of Anaemia
Approach to diagnosis for a case of anemia- Understanding Anemia
? What are patients complaints- (Symptoms)
? What are findings in patients on examination- (Signs)
? Probable diagnosis of anemia
? Investigations ? RBCs count, Hb esti. and PCV ?
Hematological Indices to reach to near the diagnosis
- Specific tests for final diagnosis
Presentation of Anemia
What are patients complaints- (Symptoms)
What are findings in patients on examination- (Signs)
In anemia, body lacks oxygen, so following signs & symptoms may be experienced:
Decreased Red Cel Production- Nutritional Deficiency- Iron Deficiency
Fe++ is required for Heme Synthesis ( Haemoglobin)
Causes of Iron deficiency anemia:
Decreased Red Cel Production- Nutritional Deficiency- Iron Deficiency
Clinical Features:
During Early Phase- General for anemia
Iron Therapy :
Decreased Red Cel Production- Nutritional Deficiency- Maturation factors Deficiency
(Megaloblastic Anaemia)
Pathophysiology
?
Causes:
Megaloblastic anaemia
Clinical feature:
Management/Treatment:
Decreased Blood Cells Production - Dysplastic / Aplastic Anaemia
Bone marrow is the site of Blood cells production
Causes:
Primary
Secondary
Dysplastic /Aplastic Anaemia
Presentation-
Management-
Decreased Red Cell Production - Anaemis of chronic disease
Pathophysiology
Causes
Decreased Red Cell Survival - Hemolytic anemia-
Intracorpuscular Defect-Hereditary Disorders
Pathophysiology
Causes
Decreased Red Cell Survival - Hemolytic anemia-
Hereditary Spherocytosis
Pathophysiology -
Decreased Red Cell Survival - Hemolytic anemia-
Glucose-6-PO4 ? Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Pathophysiology
Decreased Red Cell Survival - Hemolytic anemia-
Globin chain Synthesis abnormality-
Most common of haemoglobinopathies- Sickle Cell Anaemia
Thalassemia
Decreased Red Cell Survival - Extra corpuscular Hemolytic Anemia
-Acquired disorder-Nonimmune hemolytic anemias
Chemicals and drugs -
Animal venoms ?
Infectious agents ?
Caused by physical injury to RBCs
Decreased Red Cell Survival - Extra corpuscular Hemolytic Anemia
-Acquired disorder-Immuno hemolytic anemias
Autoimmune hemolytic anaemia (AIHA) :
Warm antibody hemolytic anemia - Cold antibody hemolytic anemia
Decreased Red Cell Survival - Extra corpuscular Hemolytic Anemia
-Acquired disorder-Immuno hemolytic anemias
Decreased Red Cell Survival - Post hemorrhagic anemia
Acute blood loss anemia, also called hemorrhagic anemia, occurs due to acute
hemorrhage (bleeding).
Self Assessment
Significant reduction (at least 10 %) in circulating ............or their ........................appropriate for the age
and sex, leading to corresponding decrease in the ..............................of blood.
WHO criteria - Hb < ....... gm/dl in men & Hb < ....... gm/dl in women.
.....................................type of Anemia includes Iron deficiency, Thalassemia, lead poisoning
MCV-...............the causes include Vit B12 and/or Folic acid Deficiency
Chronic blood loss leads to...........................................................................
................................................. anemia is a type of megaloblastic anemia there is decreased availability of IF
Tuberculosis may cause anemia ................................................................
Thank you
This post was last modified on 08 April 2022