Basophil & mast cells characteristics, functions and causes of variations in
number
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Monocyte-Macrophages characteristics, functions and causes of
variations in number
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Eosinophils
? Size- 10-14m, Nucleus - central or eccentric- 2-3
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lobed `spectacle shaped' ;coarse granules with bright brick red color;
Granules - large; coarse;
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? Differential count : 1- 4% ?Absolute count : 40 -
440/l of blood
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?They are especially abundant in tissues thatcome into contact with the external environment
Eosinophil-Granules
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Contents in Granules
Functions of Eosinophils
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? Defense against helminthic parasitic infestation (worm)
? Combat immediate hypersensitivity reactions (Allergy)
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Major basic protein eosinophil cationic protein; these proteins are toxic to several parasites and to mammalian cells.These proteins bind heparin and neutralize its anticoagulant activity as well.
Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin can severely damage myelinated neurons.
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Easinophil- Causes of variation in Number
Eosinophilia :Increase in eosinophils= > 500/mm3
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Causes-
Eosinopenia :Decrease in eosinophils= < 50/mm3
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Causes-
Basophils & Mast Cells
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Basophils
Size : 10-14m; Nucleus : central; 2-3 lobes; overlaid with very coarse purplish blue
granules
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Normal values ?Differential :0-0.1? %Absolute :1 - 100/l of bloodGranules Contents :
Mast Cells
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Usually present in tissues with more propensity in mucosal
and connective tissues
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Round or elongated cells and nu is without segmentationIt is also formed in BM but absent in blood
Life span-few months
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Quite similar to Basophil in Content and functions
Basophils & Mast Cells-Functions
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Function: This cell along with mast cells have been associated with-Hypersensitivity reaction (Acute allergy)
Systemic Hypersensitivity reaction (Anaphylaxis)
Especially in the persons having ATOPY tendency.
Basophil- Causes of variation in Number
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Basophilia:
Causes-
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Basopenia:Causes-
Monocytes ? Macrophages system
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Monocytes-Macrophages
Monocytes )4%?8(%, 12?18 ,
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Nucleus-? violet ?large single ?may be indented /horse
-shoe/kidney/oval shaped
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Cytoplasm- ?Abundant ?blue ?amount is usually morethan that of nucleus. ?no visible granules.
Monocytes enter the blood from the bone marrow and
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circulate
for about 72 h. They then enter the tissues and become
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`Tissue Macrophages'Monocytes-Macrophage System
Macrophages secrete a vast range of biologically active substances into their
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local milieu and to date, more than 50 substances secreted by macrophages
have been reported.
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Enzymes; enzyme inhibitors; plasma proteins such as complementcomponents, coagulation factors, and apolipoprotein E; factors that regulate
the functions of other cells such as interferon, interleukin 1, mitogens, and
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angiogenesis factor; and low molecular weight substances such as reactive
metabolites of oxygen and derivatives of arachidonic acids.
Monocytes-Causes of variation in Number
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Monocytosis
Causes:
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MonocytopeniaCauses:
Self Assessment
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They are especially abundant in tissues that come into contact with the external
environment, such as mucosa of the
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...............................................................................MBP, ECP, EDN in eosinophils are important for .................................
(Bronchus) Cp permeability local site inflammation Wheezing, cough with
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secretion, swollen bronchial lining and bronchoconstrictionDifficulty in breathing
(Bronchial Asthma). This is sequence for..............................action.
Self Assessment
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Monocytes is ...........................% in blood and diameter is ..............................
............................... are important as antigen presenters cells to ......... Cells.
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Formation of ..................................................occur in macrophages.By osteoclast- .............................occurs to renew old bone from new bone
Thank you
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