Download MBBS Physiology Presentations 8 Pituitary Hormones Lecture Notes

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Orchestra

Hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis

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Hypothalamo-pituitary ? adreno-cortical

axis

Hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis

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Hypothalamo-sympatho-adrenal axis

Hypophysiotropic hormones

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TRH
CRH
GnRH
GRH
GIH/Somatostatin

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PIH
PRH
Releasing hormones

Thyrotropin Releasing hormones (TRH)

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-Secreted from paraventricular nucleus of

hypothalamus

-Stimulates TSH

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-Also promotes GH and Prolacin
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH)
- Secreted by Arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus
- Stimulates LH, FSH

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Releasing hormones

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH)
- Secreted

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from

Paraventricular

nuclei

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of

hypothalamus

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- Stimulates ACTH
- Promotes POMC gene in corticotrophs
- Also promotes endorphins and lipotrophins

secretion

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Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH)
- Secreted from arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus
- Stimulates secretion of GH
Prolactin releasing hormone (PRH)

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-Stimulates prolactin secretion
Inhibiting Hormones

Growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GHIH)
-Secreted from anterior periventricular nucleus

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- Inhibits growth hormone, prolactin, TSH

Prolactin Inhibiting hormone (PIH)
- Dopamine secreted from arcuate nucleus
- Inhibits Prolactin, TSH,GH

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Kallaman's syndrome

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Hyposmia or anosmia

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Common in men
Mutation of KALIG1 gene on X

chromosome

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Cell types in anterior pituitary

Somatotropes
Corticotropes
Thyrotropes

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Gonadotropes
Lactotropes/Mammotropes
Hypopituitarism is marked by abnormal

pallor

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Hyperpigmentation in adrenal

insufficiency

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Effects of Pituitary insufficiency

Destroyed by disease- Supracellar cysts
Pituitary tumors
Postpartum necrosis ? Sheehan

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syndrome

Remnanats of Rathke pouch

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enlargement and compression of

pituitary
Hypopituitarism

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Adrenal cortex atrophies
Stress induced aldosterone secretion is

absent

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Growth is inhibited
Thyroid function is depressed
Gonads atrophy
Hypophysectomy ameliorates diabetes

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mellitus

Diabetes Insipidus