PATHOLOGY - PAPER - I
SECTION A - Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
PAPER CODE : 2411130004 SET : D
Note: Choose one correct answer in the OMR sheet provided. No overwriting should be
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done.Time: 20 Minutes (20 x 1 = 20 MARKS)
1. Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia is associated with which of the following conditions:
a) Thalassemia
b) Disseminated intravascular coagulation
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c) Sickle cell anemiad) Pernicious anemia
2. The mediator primarily responsible for pain during inflammation is:
a) Bradykinin
b) Leukotriene B4
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c) Histamined) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
3. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is most commonly diagnosed in which age group?
a) Adolescents
b) Young adults
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c) Childrend) Older adults
4. Which type of white blood cell is most likely to be elevated during an allergic reaction?
a) Neutrophils
b) Eosinophils
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c) Lymphocytesd) Basophils
5. A 25-year-old male presents with tall stature, gynecomastia, and small testes.
Chromosomal analysis reveals 47, XXY. Which of the following features is most
characteristic of his condition?
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a) Male infertilityb) Cardiomegaly
c) Intellectual disability
d) Microcephaly
6. Which of the following is an example of an autoimmune disease?
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a) Tuberculosisb) Rheumatoid arthritis
c) HIV/AIDS
d) Malaria
7. Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of acute inflammation?
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a) Swellingb) Fever
c) Redness
d) Pain
8. Type II hypersensitivity reactions involve:
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a) Immune complex depositionb) T-cell mediated cytotoxicity
c) Antibody-mediated cell destruction
d) Delayed-type hypersensitivity
9. A 40-year-old woman presents with memory impairment, irritability, and abdominal pain.
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She lives in an old house with peeling paint. Blood tests reveal microcytic anemia. What isthe most likely diagnosis?
a) Thalassemia
b) Lead poisoning
c) Hemochromatosis
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d) Mercury poisoning10. The key enzymes involved in the execution phase of apoptosis are:
a) Cyclins
b) Kinases
c) Caspases
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d) Ligases11. HIV primarily targets which cells of the immune system?
a) B lymphocytes
b) Neutrophils
c) T lymphocytes
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d) Macrophages12. Pancytopenia with hypercellular marrow is characteristic of:
a) Aplastic anemia
b) Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
c) Myelofibrosis
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d) Myelodysplastic syndrome13. Autophagy is a cellular process involved in:
a) Cell cycle progression
b) Cellular degradation
c) DNA replication
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d) Protein synthesis14. Cystic fibrosis is caused by:
a) A chromosomal abnormality
b) Environmental factors
c) A single gene mutation
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d) Unknown factors15. Howell-Jolly bodies are seen in:
a) Asplenia
b) Hemolytic anemia
c) Iron deficiency anemia
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d) Megaloblastic anemia16. The following is a hallmark of reversible cell injury:
a) Mitochondrial swelling
b) Pyknosis
c) Karyorrhexis
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d) Cytoplasmic eosinophilia17. Telomere shortening is associated with:
a) Cellular immortality
b) Cellular senescence
c) Increased cellular replication
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d) Enhanced DNA repair18. Which of the following is a reversible cell injury?
a) Apoptosis
b) Cellular swelling
c) Necrosis
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d) Liquefactive necrosis19. How is Fresh Frozen Plasma stored?
a) Refrigerated at 2?8?C
b) Frozen at -18?C or colder
c) At room temperature
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d) Lyophilized20. Sirtuins are a family of proteins involved in:
a) Cellular senescence
b) Metabolic regulation
c) DNA repair
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d) Oxidative stress