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BONE MARROW & HEMATOPOIESIS 1
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Hematopoiesis : the process by which blood cells are made.
Stem Cells ? Any Cells
Capable of Asymmetrical division leads to formation of
well differentiated Its own population cells
Hematopoietic Stem cells
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1st appears in yolk sac at 3wk but they also develops in Mesoderm of all above three structures.
From all there 4 Sites these cells appears in
Liver around 3 month
& some cells also move to Spleen
Lymph node Spleen
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this process continue on these cells just before birth
All hematopoiesis in Newborn occurs in Bone Marrow.
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At Birth in full term
baby all the Bone marrow is red (active)
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Upto Puberty
all B Marrow is Red.
After Axial Skeletal Membranous bone
Puberty Proximal End
Humerous femur
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Now Bone Marrow in Remaining bones are Inactive (yellow)
eg at 20 yrs of age.
50% ? Bone Marrow is Red
? yellow
But after that If body need of blood then yellow marrow may Converts in to Red Marrow.
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e.g. In severe Hemolysis
whenever there is Excessive Electropoiesis
BM expands all over the body.
X-rays
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Bone marrow is one of the largest organ in the body:
In Size & wt It is almost equal to liver.
Hematopoiesis BONE MARROW HOUSE
Multipotent s.c (Common lymphoid s.)
Pro NK S.Cells
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Pro-T S.C
Pro-B S.C
Ery CFU-E
Mega CFU-M(M
Baso CFU-BBB
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Committed stem cells
CFU GM
Multi poled BM Stem Cells (Common Myeloid SiC)
CFU
cells capable of converting into many type of Cells.
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Myeloid Sys ? BM + all cells alter
thon lymphoid cells.
Prot S.Cells periphery (thymus)
Circulation (T.Cells)
Granuloma
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Mac mint cells
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Mast Cell is also derivative of Bone Marrow.
CFU GM
CFU-G
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CFUM
Mono blast
CFU Eosinophils
Eosin blast
Monocyte Tissue Macrophages
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when Monocyte. Shift to tissues?
- Monocyte shaft to tissues Onder Normal. Physiological Conditions
- other shift to tissues only when there is Inflammation they are known as Inflammation Related Macrophage
Examples
Case 1 Physiological Mac
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Skin Langerhan cells (Tissue mac under Skin)
CNS Microglia
Liver Kupffer cells
Lung Alveolar Mac
Spleen Mesangeal cells
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Monocyte Bone Osteoclast
Aplastic Anemia :
If there is Stem cells destruction or Hypo function then there is proliferative dysfunction
So in Hood No of
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RBC ed. Pancytopenia
WBC
Platelets
re B Marrow is Hypocellular or hypoplastic
Leukemia:
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Malignancy of Hematopoietic Precursor cells & Stem Cells
i'e Aed Proliferation of these cells
Bone Marrow provides the Imp Micro Em to all trase cells.
In BM their One lot of Stromal cells Support the Stomal cells
Hematopoietic Process Ore
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those stromal Cells Ore Capable of Concerating Lot of factors eng
Erythro portin, ttroumbo poitin, CSF
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& Many of Interleukin eng IL-3 which is responsible for stem cell proliferation
these stromal cells also have Cell-celo Interaction with Hematopoietic cells & direct their proliferation. & differentiation.
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Soluble Factors: Also now avalible Commercially
Erythropoitin Synthesized by
Thrombo poitin Genetic Recombinant
GM-CSF technique
G-CSF
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BONE MARROW HOUSE
BM Storm cell granulocyte Precusarcete.
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•During BM Transplant BM is injected into Venous or Systemic Circulation from there they finally reach to BM.
• Under Certain Circumstances BM ore Induces to produce Heamangioblast eve
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Heamangioblast celle which can differentiate into RVA Endothelial cells.
Ace to New Research
BMSC con also forme liver cells
BMSC Baliary Cells
•Myocardial celo.
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Skeletal cells.
Neerons.
Glial cells.
BMSC ake present in BM Interstium
Megak arocyte gufalterate the Sinosa ide while blood is passing through this channels thoe food of Megakarocyte break & feruus the platclates.
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Near the Bove there is Pro ery the blast
It progressively teo in Size E Nucleus Undongo. story changes & finally duty
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Intermediate Norm beast also called Multichromatic Normocyte
Size of Sell Progressively Jes
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20.11 Ast basophillia progressively
171 B JE Eosinophillia Pes
14 M
1011
8-94
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7-81 J Normal
B12 & folic acend is requined for Nucleor Maturation
Megalo blast:-
Abnormal Normoblast which Oure found in BM have def of
Biz & folic acid
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heavily. Heamaglobinized & have large amount of Eosinophillic cytoplasm
Crie Cytoplasu Over Matere )
Nocleus Under Mature)
Most of these cells are destroyed Wittun B.M
2, they do not results in formation of lot of
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RBC
So total RBC
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So we say there is Anemia. ble whateve RBC cne formed they are of larger size.
So Megalod. Macrocytic Anemia
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For Nuclear Maturation
uLe Need Biz & folic acid
For Cytoplasm (Ho) Maturation.
ule Need Gron
As they are rapidly growing have ? Meta balism So they
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thyra id Hormone & Sreutte hormone. & Am ino acid
Megaloblast ? Promyelocyte ? Myelocyto Immatine
Mature Neutrophil. Neutrophil
All types of ceer formation orcDis..
Grany locyte = 65%.
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Erythropa aticz 25%.
Lymphopoises = 10%.
Myelord: Erythraid
3 : 1
Bone Marrow Study.
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- Bone bone Aspiration:
of there is Dry Tap (no B.M aspired) then we do
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- BM Trephan Biopsy
Cusually from Post illiac. Crest)
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How We recognize blast cells on precosors cellso
They One recognized by Company they keeps..
of blast cells surround by Erythropatic Series Erythroid cos.
of blast cells surrounded by granulopastic / Myelogenties Granulocytes. Myeloid celle
Transcellelar Migration. The Proces by which cells move from B.M Interstiums
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B.M. Sinosaide, & they become part of general Circulation.
Life RBC 120 days
Span Platelets 7 days
Neertrophi 24-48hrs ? Circulation
6-7 hrs Inflammation
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Lymimphocyte Life of decades
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