FirstRanker Logo

FirstRanker.com - FirstRanker's Choice is a hub of Question Papers & Study Materials for B-Tech, B.E, M-Tech, MCA, M.Sc, MBBS, BDS, MBA, B.Sc, Degree, B.Sc Nursing, B-Pharmacy, D-Pharmacy, MD, Medical, Dental, Engineering students. All services of FirstRanker.com are FREE
📱

Get the MBBS Question Bank Android App

Access previous years' papers, solved question papers, notes, and more on the go!

Install From Play Store

Download MBBS Final Year Spotting Notes

Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) 4th Year (Final Year) Spotting Handwritten Notes

This post was last modified on 11 August 2021

Tags:MBBSFinal YearSpottingNotesPDFMedicalExamStudyGuide2021 Syllabus
Download Document
Download Document
MBBS Lecture Notes for all subjects (updated for 2021 syllabus) - All universities


FirstRanker.com

SPOT 1

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.

    2. --- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

  2. CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  3. PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  4. DEFINE SUPPLEMENTARY ACTION OF PROTEINS.

Wheat.

346kcal. 11.8gm%

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

When combine with pulses it supplement methionine which is deficient in pulses.

SPOT 2

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  3. PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.

    4. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

  4. DEFINE SUPPLEMENTARY ACTION OF PROTEINS.
  5. DEFINE PARBOILING.

Rice. 345kcal. 7gm%

4.When combine with pulses it supplement methionine which is deficient in pulses.

5.Partial cooking in steam.preserving the nutritive quality of rice .by hot soaking process.

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

SPOT 3

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  3. PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  4. DEFICIENT AMINO ACID.

    5. --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  5. DISEASE ASSOCIATED.DEFINE

Maize. 342kcal. 11.1gm%

4. Tryptophan and lysine

5. Pellgrogenic bcoz leucine is in excess of amount which interfere conversion of tryptophan into niacin.

SPOT 4

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  3. PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  4. IRON CONTENT PER 100 GRAM

Bajra (pearl millet)

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

361

11.6

8

SPOT 5

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.

    2. --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  2. CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  3. PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  4. DEFINE SUPPLEMENTARY ACTION OF PROTEINS.

Green gram

348

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

24.5

Pulses supplements threonine and lysine which are limiting A.A. in cerals

SPOT 6

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.

    3. --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  3. PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  4. DEFINE SUPPLEMENTARY ACTION OF PROTEINS.

Bengal gram

360

17.1

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Same as green gram

SPOT 7

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  3. PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.

    4. --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  4. DEFINE SUPPLEMENTARY ACTION OF PROTEINS.

Red gram

335

22.3

Same as green gram

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

SPOT 8

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  3. PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  4. DEFINE SUPPLEMENTARY ACTION OF PROTEINS.

    5. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Black gram

347

24.5

Same as green gram

SPOT 9

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  3. PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
  4. CALCIUM CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.

Soyabean

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

432kcal

43.2g%

240 mg

SPOT 10

  1. PROTEIN CONTENT PER EGG.

    2. --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  2. ENERGY CONTENT PER EGG.
  3. DEFINE NPU.
  4. NPU FOR EGG.
  1. An egg of 60 gm= 6 gm
  2. An egg of 60 gm = 70 kcal

    3. --- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

  3. product of digestibility coefficient and biological value divided by 100.

NPU= nitrogen retained by body / nitrogen intake ×100

4.

SPOT 11

  1. PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 ML OF COW MILK. = 3.2

    2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

  2. ENERGY CONTENT PER 100 ML OF COW MILK. = 67kcal
  3. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COW AND HUMAN MILK.
  4. NPU FOR MILK. =. 75

A.3. cow human milk

Fat. 4.1 3.4

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Protein 3.2 1.1

Lacto 4.4 7.4

Calcium 120 28

Iron 0.2. 0.4

Energy 67 65

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

SPOT 12

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. DEFINE GLYCEMIC INDEX.

Jaggry

G.I. of a food is defined by the area under the two hour blood glucose response curve (AUC) following ingestion of fixed portion of test carbohydrate(usually 50gm) as a proportion (%) of the AUC of the std.(either glucose or white bread)

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

SPOT 13

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
  3. CONTROL MEASURES.
  4. LLINS

    5. --- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

  5. IRS.
  6. INSECTICIDE USED IN LLIN
  7. INSECTICIDE USED IN IRS.

Female anopheles. Malaria & filaria(not in India) .

Residual spray (DDT, Malathion, Lindane, OMS33), space spray (pyrethrum extract), Genetic control.

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Long lasting insecticidal nets

Indoor residual spray

Permethrin or Delta methrin

DDT, Malathion, Lindane, OMS-33

SPOT 14

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
  3. CONTROL MEASURES.
  4. LLINS
  5. IRS.

    6. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

  6. INSECTICIDE USED IN LLIN
  7. INSECTICIDE USED IN IRS.

Female adese

Dengue,DHF, chikungunya fever, CHF, rift valley fever, filaria(not in India)

SPOT 15

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
  3. CONTROL MEASURES.

Head louse

Epidemic typhus, trench fever, relapsing fever, dermatitis

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Insecticidal control(0.5%malathion, carbaryl powder) and personal hygiene (wash & clean hairs, clothing towels sheets washed in hot water and soap, steam sterilization)

SPOT 16

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
  3. CONTROL MEASURES.

    4. --- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

  4. TREATMENT.

Itch mite

Scabies

Benzyl benzoate, gamma HCH (0.5to 1%) Tetmosol,. Sulphur ointment. (2.5 to 10%)

SPOT 17

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
  3. CONTROL MEASURES.

Rat flea

Bubonic plague, endemic typhus, chiggerosis

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Insecticidal control (DDT, gamma HCH and dieldrin, carbaryl or diazinon).

Repellent (diethyltolumide ) & Rodent control.

SPOT 18

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.

    3. --- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

  3. CONTROL MEASURES.

Hard tick

Tick typhus, viral encephalitis, viral fever, KFD, tularemia, tick paralysis

Insecticidal control (DDT, Lindane, Malathion, chlordane, dieldrin)

Environmental control (cracks and crevices filled up, animal hosts reduced)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Protection of worker

SPOT 19

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT. = Soft tick
  2. NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
  3. CONTROL MEASURES.

    4. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Q fever, relapsing fever

Control same as hard tick

SPOT 20

  1. USES.
  2. DOSE

    3. --- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

  3. MECHANISM OF ACTION.

Control of aedes

1.0ppm

Contact poison act on nervous system)

SPOT 21

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

  1. USES.
  2. DOSE
  3. MECHANISM OF ACTION.

SPOT 22

  1. USES.

    2. --- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

  2. DOSE
  3. MECHANISM OF ACTION.

Rodenticide

0.75 to2% solution (as one part with ten part of flour)

Generate toxic phosphene gas with gastric acid

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

SPOT 23

  1. USES.
  2. DOSE
  3. MECHANISM OF ACTION.

As a residual spray (1-2 g/sqm) for antiadult mosquito control measure and as a dust(5 to 10%) control of lice, ticks, bugs.

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

MOA- contact poison (act on nervous system)

SPOT 24

  1. USES.
  2. DOSE
  3. MECHANISM OF ACTION.

    4. --- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

MOA - contact poison (AChE inhibitor)

Uses- killing adult mosquito to prevent DHF and encephalitis epidemic.

Dose- 1-2 gper sq.ft.

SPOT 25

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.

    2. --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  2. DEFINE DISINFECTION.
  3. AGENT USED TO DISINFECT WATER.
  4. DEFINE OTA TEST.

Orthotoluidene arsenite test --

* Free and combined chlorine separately. when orthotolidine dissolved in 10% solution of HCl result as a reagent formation. When this reagent added to water containing chlorine yellow colour is produced instant for free and more slowly with combined chlorine

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

A.3. Bleaching powder

SPOT 26

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
  3. CONTROL MEASURES.

    4. --- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

House flies

Typhoid, diarrhoea, dysentery, cholera, gastroenteritis, amoebiasis, poliomyelitis, conjunctivitis, trachoma, anthrax

Environmental control

Insecticidal control

Fly paper

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Health education

SPOT 27

  1. DOSE.
  2. INDICATION.
  3. CATEGORIES OF ANIMAL BITE.

    4. --- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

40IU/kg be

Post exposure prophylaxis asap

3 category

SPOT 28

  1. DOSE.

    2. --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  2. INDICATION.
  3. CATEGORIES OF ANIMAL BITE.

20IU/kg

3 categories

SPOT 29

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  1. PRIMARY WOUND MANAGEMENT OF ANIMAL BITE.
  2. CATEGORISATION OF ANIMAL BITE.
  3. POST- EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS (IM)
  4. POST- EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS (ID)
  5. PRE- EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIX

    6. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

A.3.( 0.5 mL a) essens regimen- 0,3,7,14,28 = 5 vials 5 visits

B) zareb regimen - 0,7,21 4 vials 3 visits (2-1-1)

A.4.(0.1 ml)ID per site 0,3,7,28 2-2-2-0-2 <2 vials 4 viAl

A.5. IM 1 ml or 0.5 ml or ID of 0.1 ml volume per site on days 0,7,and21or28.

SPOT 30

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

  1. DOSE AND TIMING.
  2. SITE.
  3. CONTRAINDICATION.
  4. EXPLAIN PHENOMENON WHICH OCCURS AFTER BCG VACCINATION.
  5. ADVERSE REACTION.

    6. --- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

  6. DILUENT.

0.05ml till one month, 1 ml for one age (early as possible after birth)

ID It upper arm

Pt suffering from.eczema, immolunodeficient, immunosuppressive,pregnancy,

Disseminateed infection, lymphadenitis, osteomyelitis, anaphylaxis, fever, sepsis, TSS

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Normal saline

SPOT 31

  1. DOSE AND TIMING.
  2. SITE.
  3. CONTRAINDICATION.

    4. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

  4. ADVERSE REACTION.

0,6,10,14 wk

Oral two drops

same as BCG

AFP, anaphylaxis

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

SPOT 32

  1. DOSE AND TIMING.
  2. SITE.
  3. CONTRAINDICATION.
  4. ADVERSE REACTION.

    5. --- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

6,10,14 wks

0.5 ml IM antrolateral side of mid thigh

Same

Local reactions, seizures, hypotonic hyporesponsiv episode, anaphylaxis, encephalopathy

SPOT 33

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

  1. DOSE AND TIMING.
  2. SITE.
  3. CONTRAINDICATION.
  4. ADVERSE REACTION.

three oral dose at 6,10,14 wks

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Same

First dose should not be given after 12 wks of age

SPOT 35

  1. DOSE AND TIMING.
  2. SITE.

    3. --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  3. CONTRAINDICATION.
  4. ADVERSE REACTION.

SPOT 35

  1. DOSE AND TIMING.
  2. SITE.

    3. --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  3. CONTRAINDICATION.
  4. ADVERSE REACTION.

SPOT 36

  1. DOSE AND TIMING.
  2. SITE.

    3. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

  3. CONTRAINDICATION.
  4. ADVERSE REACTION.
  5. DILUENT.

SPOT 37

  1. DOSE AND TIMING.

    2. --- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

  2. SITE.
  3. CONTRAINDICATION.
  4. ADVERSE REACTION.

0.5ml, IM, 2dose 1 month gap after1 year booster IM in upper arm

C/I - allergy, immunocompromised pt., Immunosuppressive therapy, neurological disease

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

A/R - brachial neuritis, weakness, wasting, itiching, pain

SPOT 38

  1. IDENTIFY THE OBJECT.
  2. USES.

SPOT 39

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  1. DOSE AND TIMING.
  2. SITE.
  3. CONTRAINDICATION.
  4. ADVERSE REACTION.

2,4,6,12 through 15 months

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

I.m.

SPOT 40

  1. IDENTIFY THE OBJECT.
  2. USES.
  3. DEFINE COLD CHAIN.

    4. --- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

  4. DEFINE VVM.

.cold chain- a system of storage and transport of vaccine at low temperature, include 6 rights (time, vaccine, quantity, place, condition, cost).

Vvm is a chemical indicator label attached to the vaccine container it records cummulative heat exposure through gradual change in colour.

SPOT 41

  1. IDENTIFY THE OBJECT.

    2. --- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

  2. USES.
  3. DEFINE COLD CHAIN.
  4. DEFINE VVM.

SPOT 42

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.

    2. --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  2. NAME ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS.
  3. CONTENT OF MUFA.

Grond nut

Oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid

41% of total f.a.

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

SPOT 43

  1. IRON AND FA CONTENT IN EACH TABLET.
  2. EXPLAIN WIFS.
  3. RDA OF IRON FOR adolescent

100mg plus 500 microgram

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Weekly for adolescent, school or at aanganwadi, deep blue colour blisters

Prophylaxis

RDA man-17

Women-21

Pregnant-35

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Lactating-25

SPOT 44

  1. DOSE AND SCHEDULE.
  2. VITAMIN A RICH FOOD PRODUCTS.
  3. ASSOCIATED DISEAS

    4. --- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

First dose one lakh at nine months,

Next doses of two lakh with a gap of six months (total nine doses 17 lakh)

Night blindness, xerophthalmia, corneal xerosis, sclerosis, ulcers

SPOT 45

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.

    2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

  2. DEFINE PEM. CLASSIFY PEM ACCORDING TO SPOT.
  3. WHAT IS MUAC? CUT-OFF LIMIT FOR MUAC.

SPOT 46

  1. INDICATIONS.
  2. WHAT IS RESOMAL?

    3. --- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

  3. WHAT IS SUPER ORS?
  4. HOW DO YOU PREPARE ORS AT HOME?

SPOT 47

  1. MECHANISM OF ACTION.
  2. FAILURE RATE.

    3. --- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

  3. ADVANTAGES.
  4. DISADVANTAGES.

SPOT 48

  1. MECHANISM OF ACTION.
  2. DOSE SCHEDULE.

    3. --- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

  3. FAILURE RATE.
  4. CONTRAINDICATIONS.

DMPA 150 mg every 3 months IM inj

Supperation of ovulation cervical mucus thickning

Irregular menstrual bleeding, infertility, no child

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

SPOT 49

  1. MECHANISM OF ACTION.
  2. DOSE SCHEDULE.
  3. FAILURE RATE.
  4. CONTRAINDICATIONS.

    5. --- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Centchromen (saheli)

Once a week pill

Take twice a week for three months, than one tablet per week

Prevent implantation

PCOD,cervical hyperplasia, h/o jaundice, allergies

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

1.83 to 2.8

SPOT 50

  1. IDENTIFY THE OBJECT
  2. MECHANISM OF ACTION.
  3. TIMING OF INSERTION.

    4. --- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

  4. FAILURE RATE.
  5. ADVERSE EFFECTS.
  6. CONTRAINDICATION

Cellular and biochmical changes in endometium, biochmical changes in mucus, inhibit sperm motility and capicitation

0.5 to 0.8

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Suspected pregnancy, vaginal bleeding, previous ectopic pregnancy, PID, malignancy,

Adverse effects- ectopic pregnancy, expulsion, pelvic infection,pregnancy,mortility, pain, bleeding

SPOT 51

  1. MECHANISM OF ACTION.
  2. DOSE SCHEDULE.

    3. --- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

  3. FAILURE RATE.
  4. CONTRAINDICATIONS.
  5. ADVERSE EFFECTS.
  6. ADVANTAGES.

combined pill,

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Levanogesterol0.15mg,

Ethinylestradiol 0.03mg

Failure rate-zero

Prevent the release of ovum, blocking gonadotropin, cervical mucus thickness, penetration inhibitor, motility inhibitor, sperm transport delayed

Cancer of breasts and genital, history of heart disease, hyperlipidemia, thromboembolism, abnormal uterine bleeding, age more than 40, smoking, htn, renal, migraine etc

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

CVS complications, carcinogenic, metabolic effect, liver renal disorder, foetal Dev inhibit, weight gain, headache, migraine, ectopic pregnancy, bleeding, infertility, breasts tenderness

100% effective, anxiety remove, against six disease IDA, PID, ovarian cancer, ectopic pregnancy, fibro cystic disease

SPOT 52

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. MANAGEMENT.

    3. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

  3. RDA VITAMIN A.

RDA 600 RE in adult

950 RE. For pregnant

SPOT 53

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.

    2. --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

  2. PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES.
  3. COMPLICATIONS.

- measle vaccine

-igs

-isolation, immunization of contacts,

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

C- otitis media, pneumonia, pulmonary complications, neurological complications ( encephalitis,sspe),congenital abnormalities during pregnancy, abortion, premature delivery, def of vit A

SPOT 53

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES.

iodized salt, iodized oil IM inj or orally,

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

lodine monitoring, man powerminitraining, mass communication

SPOT 54

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. ASSOCIATED DISEASE

Pellegra D, dermatitis, dementia, death, diarrhoea

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

SPOT 56

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. RDA OF VITAMIN D.
  3. MANAGEMENT.

100 IU

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

education, sun bath, vit D fortified food, prophylaxis vit D,60000 IU sachet

SPOT 57

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. PERMISSIBLE QUANTITY OF FLUORIDE IN DRINKING WATER.
  3. NALGONDA TECHNIQUE.

    4. --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

SPOT 58

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. PERMISSIBLE QUANTITY OF FLUORIDE IN DRINKING WATER.
  3. NALGONDA TECHNIQ

0.5 to 0.8 mg per Itr

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Defluroridation by use of alum and lime concentrations (tap or drinking water and pH dependent) single step process,in India aandhrapradesh

SPOT 59

  1. IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
  2. PREVENTION
  3. LAST CASE WAS SEEN IN........

    4. --- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Poliomyelitis

13 Jan 2011

IPV, OPV, human Igs,pulse polio immunization


--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---


This download link is referred from the post: MBBS Lecture Notes for all subjects (updated for 2021 syllabus) - All universities

This post was last modified on 11 August 2021