except:
PGI14
a)PassiveeuthanasiaislegalinIndia
b)ActiveeuthanasiaisallowedintheUK
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c)PhysicianassistedsuicideislegalinsomeStatesoftheUSd)ActiveeuthanasiaislegalinNetherlandsandBelgium
e)None
CorrectAnswer-B
Ans.(B)ActiveeuthanasiaisallowedintheUK
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
2.Numberofpermanentteethat8years:
a)6
b)8
c)12
d)16
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)NoneCorrectAnswer-C
Ans.C.12
Tooth
Lateralincisor
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Eruption(upper)
7to9months
Lateralincisor
(lower)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
10-12monthsFirstmolar
12to14months
Canine
17to18months
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Secondmolar20to30months
Tooth
Eruption
Firstmolar
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
6to7yearsCentralincisor 6to8years
Lateralincisor 7to9years
Firstbicuspid 9to11years
Second
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
bicuspid10to12years
Canine
11to12years
Secondmolar 12to14years
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
17to25years(17-
Thirdmolar
21inParikh6th/2.7)
3.Trueaboutrigormortisareall,
except:
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
FMGE08a)Seenimmediatelyafterdeath
b)Itlast18-36hinsummer
c)Itdisappearsinthesequenceasitappears
d)Itlast24-48hinwinter
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)NoneCorrectAnswer-A
Ans.Seenimmediatelyafterdeath
4.Dirtcollarorgreasecollarisseenin:
NEET13
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Puncturedwoundbysharpweaponb)Laceratedwound
c)Firearmentrywound
d)Stabwound
e)None
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-CAns.Firearmentrywound
Smudgering/Leadring/Greasecollar/Dirtcollar
Thisisduetothewipeofthesoftmetalofthebullet,ordirtpresent
onit,orgreasecarriedfromthebarrel&isdepositedroundthe
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
entrancewoundinternaltotheabradedcollarThesmudgeringmaythereforebeabsentwhenthejacketedbullet
haspassedthroughclothing
Thesmudgingincaseofleadshotorunjacketedbulletscan
bedetectedmicrochemicallyonthetarget(skin/cloth)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Theforensicvalueofbulletwipeistoestablishaholeasabullethole,todeterminetheentrysite,&onoccasionthesequenceof
shotsorbullet'spassagethroughmultipleobjects.
5.Doctorsroleinnotingdyingdeclarationis
to?
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Ascertaincomposmentisb)Callthemagistrate
c)Elicitinformationbyleadingquestions
d)Asktheinvestiatingmedialofficertobethere
e)None
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-AAns.is'a'i.e.,Ascertaincomposmentis
Dyingdeclaration
Itisthewrittenorverbalstatementmadebyapersonlikelytodie
becauseofsomeunnaturalactdoneonhisbody,naratingthe
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
circumstancesortheconditionsresponsibleforhispresentstateofhealthorthecauseandmanneroflikelyunnaturaldeath.
Ideallydyingdeclarationshouldberecordedbyexecutiveor
honorarymagistrate,butcanalsoberecordedbydoctor,village
headman,policeoranyotherperson,ifthereisnotimetocalla
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
magistrate.Doctorhastocertifythepatienttobecomposmentis(soundmind).Itisrecordedinpresenceoftwodisinterested
witnesses.Relativesandpoliceofficersarenotallowedtobe
present.Nooathisadministered.
Itcarrieslessweightthandyingdepositionasnocross-examination
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
ispossible.Ifthepatientdoesnotdieaftertherecordingofdeclaration,thedyingdeclarationlosesitsimportancesicenowhe
canbecalledtothecourtandhisevidencecanberecordedafter
cross-examination.
6.Punishmentforinsultingthemodestyofa
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
womancomesunder?a)IPC354
b)IPC375
c)IPC376
d)IPC506
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)IPC509CorrectAnswer-A:E
Ans.is'a'i.e.,IPC354&`e'i.e.,IPC509[RefReddy30/ep.377;
https://indiankanoon.org]
IPC354.Assaultorcriminalforcetowomanwithintenttooutrage
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
hermodesty.--Whoeverassaultsorusescriminalforcetoanywoman,intendingtooutrageorknowingittobelikelythathewill
therebyoutragehermodesty,shallbepunishedwithimprisonment
ofeitherdescriptionforatermwhichmayextendtotwoyears,or
withfine,orwithboth.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
IPC509:Word,gestureoractintendedtoinsultthemodestyofawoman.--Whoever,intendingtoinsultthemodestyofanywoman,
uttersanyword,makesanysoundorgesture,orexhibitsanyobject,
intendingthatsuchwordorsoundshallbeheard,orthatsuch
gestureorobjectshallbeseen,bysuchwoman,orintrudesupon
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
theprivacyofsuchwoman,shallbepunishedwithsimpleimprisonmentforatermwhichmayextendtothreeyear,orwithfine,
orwithboth.
IPC504.Intentionalinsultwithintenttoprovokebreachofthe
peace.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
IPC506.Punishmentforcriminalintimidation/
7.Trueaboutpugilisticattitude?
a)Indicateonlyantimortemburn
b)Indicateonlypostmortemburn
c)Cannotdifferentiatebetweenantemortem&postmortemburn
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Occurduetointenseheate)Indicatedefencebyvictimduringantemortemdeath
CorrectAnswer-C:D
Ans.is'c'i.e.,Cannotdifferentiatebetweenantemortem&
postmortemburn&'d'i.e.,Occurduetointenseheat[Ref
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Parikh6thlep.4.156-4.157;Reddy32"dlep.307]Inbodyexposedtoextensiveheat(>650C),thereresultsstiffening
andflexionofalljointsandclawingoffingers,knownas`Pugilisticor
boxer'sordefenseposture',duetodenaturationandcoagulationof
proteins.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Contractionofparanasalsinusescausesmarkedophisthotonus.However,heatstiffeningispermanent(unlikerigormortiswhich
passesoffafterfewhours)
Itisindicativeofexposuretointenseheat.
Itcanbemistakenforapre-deathattempttoshieldoneself
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
attacker.Thisphenomenonoccursbothinantemortemandpostmortem
burns.Sodifficulttodifferentiatebetweenthetwo.
8.BALisusedasanantidoteinthepoisoning
of?
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Arsenicb)Cadmium
c)Mercury
d)Lead
e)Iron
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-A:C:DAns.is'a'i.e.,Arsenic;'c'i.e.,Mercury&'d'i.e.,Lead[Ref:KDT
7thiep.395;Katzung12th/ep.398,1033]
Chelatingagentsareusedinheavymetalpoisoning.Theyform
complexwithmetalwhichismoresolubleinwaterthanthemetal
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
itself,resultinginhigherrenalexcretionofcomplex.Dimercaprol(BAL)isusedinpoisoningbygold(Au),copper
(Cu),bismoth(Bi),nickel(Ni),arsenic(As),antimony(Sb)
andmercury(Hg).
Itisusedasadjuvanttocalciumdisodiumedetateinleadpoisoning
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
andadjuvanttopenicillamineincopperpoisoning(orwilson'sdisease).
Penicillamineisthedrugofchoiceforcopperpoisoningand
wilson'sdisease.ItisalsousedasanadjuvanttoCaNa2,EDTAin
leadpoisoningandtoBALinmercurypoisoning.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
9.Sinneedleusedtokillanimalsismadeof?
a)Dhaturaseeds
b)Rattiseeds
c)Leadperoxide
d)Arsenic
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)StrychnineCorrectAnswer-B
Ans.is'b'i.e.,Rattiseeds[RefInternet]
Inthefolkmedicine,seedsaregroundintopasteandmadeinto
needleswhichareinsertedundertheskinoftheanimal.Thusthe
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
animalwillbepoisonedforobtainingtheskin.Similarneedleshavealsobeenusedtoproducecriminalabortion"
Abrusprecatorius,knownasIndianlicorice,rattiorgunjaisa
slender,twining,climbingplant,woodyatbaseandisfoundallover
theIndia.Allthepartsofthisplantarepoisonous.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Seedswereusedonlyaftertheyhavebeenboiledincow'smilkfor3hours.Theherbwasusedforsciatica,stiffnessofshoulderjoint,for
baldness,dandruffandotherhairdiseases,forerysipelasand
obstinateskindiseases.
10.Miosisiscausedby?
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Carbamatesb)Organophosphorus
c)Aconite
d)Dhatura
e)Cyanide
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-A:BAns.is'a'i.e.,Carbamates&'b'i.e.,Organophosphorus[Ref:
Essentialsofforensicmedicine-786;Reddy33'/ep.619]
Poisoningcausingmiosis(constrictionofpupil):Carbolicacid
(phenol),chloralhydrate,chloroform,barbiturates(slightly
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
contractedandreactingtolight),organophosphates,carbamates,opioids(morphine),mushroompoisoning,
nitrobenzene.
Poisoningcausingmydriasis(dilatationofpupil):Dhatura(atropine
orbelladona),alcohol(MaEwan'ssign),aconite,nuxvomica,ether,
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
vipervenom,cyanide,cocaine,chloroform,calatropis,pethidineandbariumcarbonate
11.Bolamtestisrelatedto?
a)Medicalnegligence
b)Contributorynegligence
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c)Priviledgedcommunicationd)Negligencebypatient
e)Professionalmiscunduct
CorrectAnswer-A
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Medicalnegligence[Ref
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
http://medind.nic.in/jal/t07/0/jalt07i1p7.pdf]ThejudgmentgivenbyMr.JusticeMcNairinBolamvs.Frienhos
,italmanagementcommittee(19511ISalandmarkdecisionin
decidingcasesofmedicalnegligenceandisknownasthe"Bolam
test.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Actionsofdoctorsaretobejudgedbyactionsofotherdoctorsskilledinthatparticularartundersimilarcircumstancesandata
materialtime.
12.Apatientwitharecenthistoryof
convulsions,presentedtoemergencyin
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
subconsciousstatewithbloodpressure60/90mm/Hg,bradycardia&slowgasping
respiration.Thereisincreased
lacrimation,salivation&sweating.On
examinationthereispinpointpupil.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Whichofthefollowingpoisoningshouldbesuspected?
a)Opioids
b)Phenobarbitone
c)Organophosphorus
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Dhaturae)Strychinine
CorrectAnswer-C
Ans.is'c'i.e.,Organophosphorus[RefParikh6Th/ep.10.43;
Reddy33`d%p.5231
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Organophosphoruspoisoningcompoundsareirreversibleinhibitorsofenzymecholinesterase,anenzymewhichhydrolyzes
acetylcholine.
Thusorganophosphatesinhibitcholinesteraseandprotect
acetylcholinefromhydrolysis.Thisresultsinincreasedconcentration
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
ofacetylcholineandexcessivecholinergicactivity.Theyinhibitcholinesterasebyphosphorylatingthecatalyticsiteof
enzyme.Lessthan50%ofcholinesteraseactivityisindicativeof
poisoning.
Clinicalfeaturesofpoisoningareduetoexcessivecholinergic
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
activity.Localmuscarinicmanifestationsatthesiteofexposure(skin,eye,GIT)occurimmediatelyandarefollowedbycomplex,
systemiceffectsduetomuscarinic,nicotinicandcentralactions
13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect
aboutpostmortemchanges?
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Post-mortemlividityfixesat6-8hoursb)RigormortisoccurswhenATPsdecreaseupto85%ofnormal
c)Rigormortisisdelayedincholeraandstrychninepoisoning
d)Cadavericspasmisinstantaneousatthetimeofdeath
e)Postmortemcaloricityoccursafter5-6hoursofdeath
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-C:EAns.is'c'i.e.,Rigormortisisdelayedincholeraandstrychnine
poisoning&`e'i.e.,Postmortemcaloricityoccursafter5-6
hoursofdeath[RefReddy30th/ep.137-148]
Postmortemcaloricity:-Normally,temperaturefallsafterdeath.But
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
insomesituations,forinitial2-3hoursthedeadbodymaygainheat,i.e.postmortemcaloricity
After6-12hours,lividityisfullydevelopedandfixed(unchangeable),
i.e.primarylividity.Itendswhenputrificationsetsin.Fixationof
lividityisduetostagnationofbloodindistendedcapillariesand
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
venules(notduetocoagulationofblood)RigormortisoccurswhenthereisdecreaseinATPupto15%(or
85%ofnormal).
Cadavericspasm(instantaneousrigororcatalepticrigidity)
Instantaneousrigorisdefinedastheconditionwhereinagroupof
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
muscles,whichwereincontractedstateatthetimeofdeath,continuetobeinspasmafterdeath,withoutthestageofprimary
relaxation.Therefore,thisstagepreservestheattitudeoftheperson
atthetimeofdeath.
14.CephalicindexinIndianpopulationis?
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)60-70b)70-75
c)75-80
d)80-85
e)85-90
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-BAns.is'b'i.e.,70-75[RefReddy30'"/ep.52]
Cephalicindexisdefinedastheindexofbreadthofskull
Cephalicindex=(Maximumbreadthofskull/Maximumlengthof
skull)x100
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Basedoncephalicindexracesareclasifiedintofollowingthree1. Dolichocephalic(longheaded):Cephalicindexis70-75andisa
featureofCaucasions,PureAryan(Indians),Aborigines,and
Negroes.
2. Mesaticephalic(mediumheaded):Cephalicindexis75-80andisa
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
featureofEuropeans,andchinese.3. Brachycephalic(shortheaded):Cephalicindexismorethan80and
isafeatureofMongolian.
15.Whichofthefollowingfractureisspecific
forindicatingchildabuse?
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Posteriorribfractureb)Scapulafracture
c)Mandibularfracture
d)Variablefracturesatmultiplesites
e)Pelvicfracture
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-A:B:DAnsis'a'i.e.,Posteriorribfracture,'b'i.e.,Scapulafracture&
'd'i.e.,Variablefracturesatmultiplesites[Ref:http://
pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/133/2/e477#T1]
Highspecificity
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
MediumspecificityLowspecificity
Multiplefracturesin
variousstagesof
Metaphyseallesion
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
healing,especially("bucket
bilateral
handle"or"corner")
Clavicularfracture
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
FracturesofdifferentPosteriorribfracture
Long-boneshaft
ages
Scapularfracture
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
fractureEpiphysealseparation
Spinousprocess
Linearskullfracture
Vertebralbody
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
fracturefracture/subluxation
Sternalfracture
Digitalfracture
Complexskullfracture
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
16.Accordingtothe"Treatmentofterminally-
illpatientsbill,2016",incompetentpatient
isbelowtheageof?
a)12years
b)16years
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c)18yearsd)20years
e)24years
CorrectAnswer-B
Ansis'b'i.e.,16years[Ref-
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
http://www.prsindia.org/uploads/media/draft/Draft%20Passive%20Euthanansia%20Bill.pdf]
"Incompetentpatient"meansapatientwhoisaminorbelowtheage
ofsixteenyearsorapersonofunsoundmindorapatientwhois
unableto
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
1. Understandtheinformationrelevanttoaninformeddecisionabouthismedicaltreatment;
2. Retainthatinformation;
3. Useorweighthatinformationaspartoftheprocessofmakinghis
informeddecision;
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
4. Makeaninformeddecisionbecauseofimpairmentoforadisturbanceinthefunctioningofhismindorbrain;or
5. Communicatehisinformeddecision(whetherbyspeech,language
oranyothermode)astomedicaltreatment
17.WhichoftheFollowingarethegrounds
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
fordivorceforfemalesinIndiaa)Impotenceofmalepartner
b)Extramaritalaffairofmaleaprtner
c)Infertilityoffemale
d)Unemploymentofmalepartner
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)Ifshewasmarriedbeforetheageoffifteenandshewanttorenouncesthemarriagebeforesheattainseighteenyearsof
age
CorrectAnswer-A:B:E
Answer:(a)Impotenceofmalepartner,(b)Extramaritalaffairof
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
maleaprtner,(e)Ifshewasmarriedbeforetheageoffifteen...(Ref:http://www.indidivorce.com/grounds-for-divorce-
in-india.html:Parikh7h/367,386.6`h/5.1.5.24]
Adulteryisconsideredasanoffenceagainstmarriagebyboththe
PenallawandtheMatrimoniallawinIndiaandanyonecommitting
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
anadulterousactcanbepunishedunderlaw"Impotencyandinfertilityarecompletelydistinctterms.Unlike
impotency,infertilitycannotbegroundsfordivorce,theBombayhigh
court(HC)ruledonMonday.Jul24,2012.
HinduMarriageAct,1955?Adultery,Cruelty,Desertion,Mental
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
disorder,Leprosy,VenerealDisease,ifhusbandhasindulgedinrape,bestialityandsodomy,ifshewasmarriedbeforetheageof
fifteenandrenouncesthemarriagebeforesheattainseighteen
yearsofage.
Sterilefemaleisnotagroundfordivorce(Prematureejaculation,if
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
leadstoimpotencythengroundfordivorce,otherwisenotgroundfor
divorce.
Impotencyisagroundforannullingmarriage
18.Bitemarkmayaidin:,
a)Assessmentofage
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
b)Identificationofaccusedc)Assessmentofheight
d)Assessmentoftypeofteeth
e)CollectionofDNAsample
CorrectAnswer-B:C:E
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Answer:(B,IdentificationofaccusedD,Assessmentoftypeofteeth&E,Collectionof...[Ref:Ready33'?/98-100:Parikh7`h/83-
84]
Bitemarkscanpermitpreciseidentificationbecausethe
alignmentofteethispeculiartoeachindividual.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Thefirststepinanalyzingthebiteistoidentifyitashuman.Animalteethareverydifferentfromhumans'teeth,sotheyleavevery
differentbite-markpatterns.Next,thebiteisswabbedfor
DNA,whichmayhavebeenleftinthesalivaofthebiter.The
dentistmustalsodeterminewhetherthebitewasself-inflicted.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
19.Featureofgunshotinjuryis/are:
a)Gutterinjury
b)Greasecollar
c)Radiatingwound
d)Tissueopeningonoppositeend
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)alloftheaboveCorrectAnswer-E
Answer-E,alloftheabove[Ref:Reddy33rd/224,32"d/205,235;
Parikh7`h/249-53,6`"/4.43-44;ForensicAnthropologyby
StevenByers4"/256]
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Theimpactofbulletsonbonemaycausefracturelinestoform.Thetwotypeoffracturelinesaredistinguishableoncranialvault:
radiatingandconcentric.
Radiatingfracturelinesoriginatefromthesiteofimpactwherethey
moveoutwardinanydirection(thisisespeciallyseeninentrance
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
wound).SmudgeRing/LeadRing/GreaseCollar!DirtCollarisduetothewipe
ofthesoftmetalofthebullet,ordirtpresentonit,orgreasecarried
fromthebarrelandisdepositedroundtheentrancewoundinternal
totheabradedcollar.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Gutterfracture:Theyareformedwhenpartofthethicknessoftheboneisremovedsoastoformagutter,e.g.,inobliquebulletwound"
Bulletwound:Inexitwound,sizeisbiggerthanbullet.
20.Whichisnotmethodofcrimescene
examination:
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Gridb)Strip
c)Wheel
d)Composite
e)Pointtopoint
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-D:EAns.(d)Compositeand(e)Pointtopoint
[www.universalclass.com/articles/law/processing-a-crime-
scene.]
Sixbasiccrimescenesearchpatterns-Stripmethod,Wheelmethod,
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Spiralmethod,Zonemethod,GridmethodandLinemethod.Theuseofanyoranumberofthesesearchmethodswillbe
determinedbythelocationandsizeoftheparticularcrimescene.
21.WhichofthefollowingisNOTrape:
a)Sexualintercoursewithwife,ofagebelow15year,with
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
consentb)Sexualintercoursewithwife,ofage16year,withconsent
c)Sexualintercoursewithagirlbelow18yearsofage,with
consent
d)Sexualintercoursewithagirlof18yearwithconsent
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)Sexualintercoursewithwifewhoislivingseparatelyfromhimunderadecreeofseparation,oranycustomorusage
withherconsent
CorrectAnswer-B:D:E
Ans:b.Sexualintercoursewith...,d.Sexualintercoursewitha
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
girl...,e.Sexualintercoursewithwifewhoisliving......[RefReddy32nd/392-95;Parikh7th/389-911
Rape:TheCriminalLaw(Amendment)Bill,2013(5.375,I.P.C)
AcctoGazetteNotificationofGOIregardingCriminalLaw
(amendendment)Act,2013releasedon2april,2013,1tisage15
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
year.ExceptiontoS.375,I.P.C:Sexualintercourseorsexualactsby
amanwithhisownwife,thewifenotbeingunder15years.
Thereiscontroversialreferenceregardingageofwife,either16or
15yearinReddy(old&newed.)&Parikh.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Withherconsent,whenthemanknowsthatheisnotherhusbandandthatherconsentisgivenbecauseshebelievesthatheis
anothermantowhomsheisorbelievesherselftobelawfully
married.
Withherconsentwhen,atthetimeofgivingsuchconsent,by
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
reasonofunsoundnessofmindorintoxicationortheadministration
byhimpersonallyorthroughanotherofanystupefyingor
unwholesomeSubstance,sheisunabletounderstandthenature
andconsequencesofthattowhichshegivesconsent.
Withorwithoutherconsent,whensheisundereighteenyearsof
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
age.Whensheisunabletocommunicateconsent
22.Cause(s)ofOpisthotonusis/are:
a)Cocaine
b)StrychnosNuxVomicaseed
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c)Strychnined)Codeine
e)Curare
CorrectAnswer-B:C
Ans:B.StrychnosNuxVomicaseedC.Strychnine
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Strychnine(alkaloidfromseedsofstrychnosnux-vomica)causeopisthotonus(Parikh7th/639-40)
"Strychnine:Theconvulsionsaremostmarkedinantigravity
muscles,sothatthebodytypicallyarchesinhyperextension
(opisthotonus)"(Reddy32nd/581)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CausesofOpisthotonus:Arnold-Chiarisyndrome,Meningitis,Braintumor,Gaucherdisease,Growthhormonedeficiency
(occasionally),Glutaricaciduriaandorganicacidemias(formsof
chemicalpoisoning).
23.Trueaboutcadavericspasm:
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Samemechanismasrigormortisb)Mechanismisunknown
c)Alsok/ainstantaneousrigor
d)Occuronlyincoldenvironment
e)Canbeseeninsomedrowningcase
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-B:C:EAns:b.Mechanism...,c.Also1c/a...,e.Canbeseen....
CadavericSpasm(CatalepticRigidityorInstantaneousRigor)isa
rarecondition.Inthis,themusclesthatwerecontractedduringlife
becomestiffandrigidimmediatelyafterdeathwithoutpassinginto
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
thestageofprimaryrelaxation,anditsMechanismisunknownItoccursespeciallyincasesofsuddendeath,excitement,fear,
severepain,exhaustion,cerebralhaemorrhage,injurytothe
nervoussystem,firearmwoundofthehead,drowning,convulsant
poisons(suchasstrychnine).
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
24.Whichofthefollowingistrue
statement(s)aboutexhumation?
a)Policecanorderforexhumation
b)Executivemagistratecanorderforexhumation
c)Postmortemcannotbedoneonexhumatedbody
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)CrPC176(4)isrelatedtoenquiryofexhumatedbodye)CrPC174isrelatedtoenquiryofexhumatedbody
CorrectAnswer-B:D
Ans:b.Executivemagistrate...,d.CrPC176(4)isrelated...
[RefReddy32nd/128-29;Parikh7th/133-34]
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
ItisdiggingoutofanalreadyburiedbodylegallyfromthegraveThereisnotimelimitforexhumationinIndia
Autopsiesareperformedonexhumedbodies:
(1)Incriminalcases,suchashomicide,suspectedhomicide
disguisedassuicideorothertypesofdeath,suspiciouspoisoning,
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
deathasaresultofcriminalabortion&criminalnegligence;(2)Incivilcases,suchasaccidentaldeathclaim,insurance,
workmen'scompensationclaim,liabilityforprofessionalnegligence,
survivorship&inheritanceclaimsordisputedidentity
Authorisation:Thebodyisexhumatedonlywhen,thereisawritten
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
orderfromtheexecutivemagistrate.Thebodycanheexhumatedbyanygovernmentdoctor
Thebodyisexhumatedunderthesupervisionofamedicalofficer&
magistrateinthepresenceofapoliceofficer
Wheneverpracticable,themagistrateshouldinformtherelativesof
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
thedeceased&allowthemtoremainpresentattheenquiry(176(4)Cr.P.C)
25.Whichofthefollowingis/arefeature(s)of
humanhair:
a)Medullaryindex:<0.3
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
b)Cortexisthinc)Cortexisthick
d)Medulla-narrow
e)Medulla-wider
CorrectAnswer-A:C:D
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Ans:a.Medullaryindex...,c.Cortexisthick...,d.Medullanar....[RefReddy32nd/91;Parikh7th/499]
Trait
HumanHair
Animalhair
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CharacterFine&thin
Coarse&thick
Cuticularscalesare
Cuticle
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Cuticularscalesarevery
large&havestep-
short,broad,thin&
likeor
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
irregularlyannularwavyprojections
Thin,rarelymore
Cortex
Thick,well-striated
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
than&4to10timesas
twiceasbroadas
broadasmedulla
medulla
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Variesconsiderably,Medulla
usuallynarrow,discontinuous, Continuous&wider
fragmentedorentirelyabsent
Mostlypresentinthe
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
PigmentEvenlydistributed
medulla
medulla
Specificfordifferent
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
PrecipitinSpecificforhuman
animals
Medullaryindex
(Diameterof
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Below0.3Above0.5
medulla/
Diameterof
shaft)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
26.Whichofthefollowingjointisbest
predictorofageof16-17yearbyX-ray:
a)Knee
b)Elbow
c)Hip
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Wriste)Ankle
CorrectAnswer-D:E
Ans:(D)Wrist(E)Ankle[RefReddy32nd/78,77,74;Parikh7th/
61-63]
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Forestimationofage:TakeX-ray6-12yearsElbowjoint,Wristjoint,6yr-centerforlowerendof
ulna(A);medialepicondyleofthehumerus(A)
9years:Olecranon(A)
9to11years:Trochelaofhumerus(A)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
10thto11thyear:Pisiform(A)11thyear:Lateralepicondyleofhumerus(A)
13to16years:X-rayofpelviselbowjoint&pelvis(13thyr-separate
centersintriradiatecartilageofacetabulum(A)
12to14years:Lessertrochanteroffemur(A)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
14thyear:Crestofilium(A),fusionofmedialepicondyleofhumerus,lateralepicondylewithtrochlea
15thyear:fusionoftriradiatecartilageofacetabulum
16-17year:wrist
Crestofilium:18-19.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Ischealtuberostty,clavicle(innerend):21-22(F),23-24(M)27.Whichofthefollowingis/areparaphilia:
a)Pedophilia
b)Sodomy
c)Frotteurism
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Voyeurisme)Exhibitionism
CorrectAnswer-A:C:D:E
Ans:A.PedophiliaC.FrotteurismD.VoyeurismE.Exhibitionism
[RefSynopsisofPsychiatrybyKaplondrSaddockllth/593-97;
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Reddy32nd/411;NeerajAhuja7th/124-26;Parikh7th/411-12JParaphiliasorperversionsaresexualstimulioractsthatare
deviationsfromnormalsexualbehaviors,butarenecessaryfor
somepersonstoexperiencearousalandorgasm.
AccordingtotheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMental
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Disorders,fifthedition(DSM-5),thetermparaphilicdisorderisreservedforthosecasesinwhichasexuallydeviantfantasyor
impulsehasbeenexpressedbehaviorally.
Individualswithparaphilicinterestscanexperiencesexualpleasure,
buttheyareinhibitedfromrespondingtostimulithatarenormally
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
considerederotic.Theparaphiliacperson'ssexualityismainlyrestrictedtospecificdeviantstimulioracts.
DSM-5listspedophilia,frotteurism,voyeurism,exhibitionism,sexual
sadism,sexualmasochism,fetishism,andtransvestismwithexplicit
diagnosticcriteriabecauseoftheirthreattoothersand/orbecause
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
theyarerelativelycommonparaphilias.Therearemanyotherparaphiliasthatmaybediagnosed
28.Whichofthefollowingis/arefeatureof
drowning?
a)Oedemaaquosuminlung
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
b)Emphysemaaquosumispresumptiveevidenceofdeathfromdrowning
c)altaufshaemorrhagesisseensubpleural
d)Gettler'stestisusedtotestchloridecontentofbloodfromboth
sidesoftheheart
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)LungisballoonedandlightinseawaterdrowningCorrectAnswer-A:B:C:D
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Oedemaaquosuminlung;'b'i.e.,Emphysema
aquosumispresumptiveevidenceofdeathfromdrowning;'c'
i.e.,Paltaufshaemorrhagesisseensubpleurally;&'d'i.e.,
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Gettler'stestisusedtotestchloridecontentofbloodfrombothsidesoftheheart[RepReddy33'd/ep.369-70;Parikh7"/ep.
192-93]
Theeyesarehalfopenedwithdilatedpupil,congestedconjunctiva
andalmostnilpetechialhamorrhage.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Cutisanserina(gooseskin),i.e.granularappearanceofskinwitherecthairduetocontractionoferectorpili.
Washerwomanhandandfeed,i.e.bleachedandcorrugated
appearanceofpalmandsoles.
White,fine,lathery,abundantandtenacious(sticky)frothof
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
noseandmouth.Frothincreasesinamountoncompressionofthechest.Frothinthenoseandmouthisalsoseenincertainpoisoning,
e.g.cocaine,organophosphorus,morphine(opioids)and
barbiturates.Butthefrothisneithersofinenorsocopicusand
persistentinthesepoisonings.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Weeds,grass,plants,mudorstonesintightlyclenchedhand.Itisduetocadavericspasmandstronglysuggestthattheperson
wasalivewhendrowned,asitindicatesthestruggleofpersonfor
life.Abradedtipsoffingersandtoes,andsandunderdamagednails
havesamesignificance.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Emphysemaaquosumisseeninwetdrowning.Inthiscondition,thelungsarecharacterizedbyruptureofaleveolarspaceswith
accumulationofhemolyzedbloodwithwaterandsmallamountof
air.Thisconditionresultsfromviolentrespiratoryeffortswhenthe
victimissubmergedinconsciousstate.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Oedemaaquosumisaconditionoflungcharacterizedbyoedematouschangedueaccumulationofsomewaterinlung.This
conditionresultsduetopassiveentranceofwaterinthelungswhen
thevictimissubmergedinunconsciousstatehavingnoviolenteffort
forrespiration.Itisseeninsubmersionofunconscious
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
29.Testusedforbloodstainsdetectionis/are
allexcept
a)Barberio'stest
b)Kastle-meyertest
c)Benzidinetest
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Acidphosphataseteste)Takayamatest
CorrectAnswer-A:D
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Barberio'stest;&'d'i.e.,Acidphosphatase
test[RefReddy33'p.450-51,435-36;Parikh7th/ep.492-93,484-
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
86]thesetestsarebasedonH202andperoxidaseenzyme.Tests
are:
Benzidinetest:Greenishbluecolour.
Phenolphthaleintest(kastlemeyertest):Deeppermanganate
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colour.Leucomalachitegreentest:Bluishgreenorpeacockbluecolour.
Guaiacumtest:Bluecolour.
Orthotoludinetest(kohntest):Blueorgreencolour.
Amidopyrinetest:Purplecolour.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Teichmann'shaemincrystaltest.Takayamahemochromogencrystaltest
30.SaturatedNaCIisanotusedin
preservationofviscerainwhichofthe
followingpoisoning?
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Sodiumhydroxideb)Aconite
c)Carbolicacid
d)Sulphuricacid
e)None
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-A:B:DAns.is'a'i.e.,Sodiumhydroxide;`b'i.e.,Aconite;&'d'i.e.,
Sulphuricacid[RefReddy33"Yep.124;Parikh7TVep.108-09]
1. Saturatedsodiumchloride:Inallcasesofpoisoningexcluding
corrosiveacidsexceptcarbolicacids(phenol),alkalis,corrosive
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
sublimateandaconite.2. 30mgpotassiumoxalate(anticoagulant)and10mlsodiumfluoride
(enzymeinhibitor):Bloodinsuspectedpoisoningincludingalcohol
butexcludingoxalicacid,ethyleneglycol,fluoride,carbonmonoxide.
3. Rectifiedspirit:Allexceptincasesofpoisoningby:(i)phenol,
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
phosphorus,paraldehyde,(ii)kerosene,(iii)formaldehyde,formicacid,(iv)alcohol,aceticacid(v)chloroform,chloralhydrate,(vi)
ether.
4. 10mg/mlNa/K.flurideand3mgK-oxalate:Forpreservingblood;
flurideisalsoaddedtoCSF,vitreoushumor;andurineifalcohol
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
estimationisrequired;andalsoinanalysisofcocaine,cyanideandcarbonmonoxide.
31.Whichofthefollowingis/aredangerous
injuryinforensicscience?
a)Injurycausingendangertolifeifnottreatedtimely
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
b)Hearinglossc)Lossof2-3teeth
d)Synonymouswithgrievousinjury
e)Emasculation
CorrectAnswer-A
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Injurycausingendangertolifeifnottreatedtimely[RefReddy33rd/ep.293;Parikh7m/ep.263]
Injuriescanbedividedinto(i)Simple(ii)Grievousand(iii)
dangerous.
Asimpleinjuryisonewhichisneitherextensivenorserious,and
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
whichwouldhealrapidlywithoutleavinganypermanentdeformityordisfiguration.
Agrievousinjuryisone(i)Whichisextensiveorserious(ii)Which
doesnothealrapidly,and(iii)Whichleavesapermanentdeformity
ordisfiguration.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
1. Emasculation(cuttingofthepenis,castration;orcausinglossofpoweroferectionduetospinalinjury).
2. Permanentprivationofthesightofeithereye.
3. Permanentprivationofthehearingofeitherear.
4. Privationofanymember(part,organ,limb)orjoint.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
5. Destructionorpermanentimpairingofpowersofanymemberorjoint.
6. Permanentdisfigurationofheadorface.
7. Fractureordislocationofaboneoratooth.
8. Anyhurtwhichendangerslifeorwhichcausesthesufferertobe,
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
duringthespaceoftwentydaysinseverebodilypain,orunabletofollowhisdailyroutine.
9. Section319IPCdefineshurtasbodilypain,disease,orinfirmity,
causedtoanyperson.
32.Whichofthefollowingfeatures(s)is/are
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
morecommoninstrangulationratherthanhanging-
a)Paleface
b)Fracturesoftracheaandlarynx
c)Congestedfaces
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Transverseligaturee)Bruisesatedgesoftheligaturemark
CorrectAnswer-B:C:D:E
Ans.is'b'i.e.,Fracturesoftracheaandlarynx;'c'i.e.,
Congestedfaces;'d'i.e.,Transverseligature;&`e'i.e.,Bruises
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
atedgesoftheligaturemark[RefReddy33rdiep.351]Strangulation
Hanging
1. Nosuspension
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
2. Compressiononneckisbya1. Thereissuspensionofbody.
ligature,hands,sticks,
2. Compressiononneckisbyaligature elbow,kneeorfoot.
3. Forceofcompressionistheweighto
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
3 f. Itisoutsideforceapplied
body(endogenousorce)
(exogenousforce).
4. Ligaturemarkisabovethethyroidis
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
4. Markisonorbelowtheoblique,symmetricalandincomplete. thyroid.Ishorizontal,
5. Knotusuallypresent.
completeandcontinuous(in
6. Usuallynomarkatsiteofknot:In
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
absenceofligaturemarkfixedknot,markisinverted'V'
thereareotherinjurieson
shaped.
neckdependingupontypeof
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
7. Markusuallysingle.
strangulation).
8. Surfaceofmarkabradedor
5. KnotUsuallyabsent.
contused.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
6. Markishorizontal,complete9. Surfacemayshowpatternofligature andcontinuous.
used.
7. Usuallymultiplemarks.
10. Surfacehard.Mark-yellowishbrown8. Usuallylacerated.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
incolour9. Patternnotseen
10. Soft,duetofrankbleeding.
Black.
33.Whichofthefollwingis/aretrue
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
regardingPerjury:a)Wilfullygivingfalsestatementunderhe/sheeitherknowsor
believestobefalseordoesnotbelievetobetrue
b)S.190IPCdealswithperjury
c)Voluntarilygivingfalseevidenceunderoathwhichhe/sheeither
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
knowsorbelievestobefalseordoesnotbelievetobetrued)Thewitnessisliabletobeprosecutedforperjury
e)None
CorrectAnswer-A:C:D
Ans.(A)Wilfullygivingfalsestatementunderhe/sheeither
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
knowsorbelievestobefalseordoesnotbelievetobetrue(C)Voluntarilygivingfalseevidenceunderoathwhichhe/she
eitherknowsorbelievestobefalseordoesnotbelievetobe
true(D)Thewitnessisliabletobeprosecutedforperjury
34.TrueaboutCorpusdelicti:
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Medicalnegligenceb)Bodyofoffence
c)Itincludesbodyofthevictimandotherfactswhichare
conclusiveofdeathbyfoulplay
d)Theessenceofcrime
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)NoneCorrectAnswer-B:C:D
Ans.(B)Bodyofoffence(C)Itincludesbodyofthevictimand
otherfactswhichareconclusiveofdeathbyfoulplay(D)The
essenceofcrime
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
35.Gustafson'smethodisusedfor-
a)Agedetermination
b)Sexdetermination
c)Racedetermination
d)Teethattrition
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)TeethresorptionCorrectAnswer-A:D:E
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Agedetermination;'d'i.e.,Teethattrition;`e'i.e.,
Teethresorption[RefParikh6th/ep.2.8]
Gustafson'smethod:Usefulonlyinpersonsolderthan21yearsof
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
age,dependingonthephysiologicalchangesineachofthedentaltissues
1. Attrition-duetowearandtearfrommastication,uppersurfaceof
teethdestoyedgradually,firstinvolvingtheenamel-->dentine-->
pulp(dependingonthefunctionaluseofteethandhardnessof
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
enamel).AO-nochange.A-minimumchange(enamel),A2-moderatechange(dentine),A3-maximumchange(pulp).
2. Paradentosis-recessionofgumsandperiodontaltissue
surroundingtheteeth,exposingtheneckandadjacentpartofroot
-->teethfalloff(poorhygieneincreasesparadentosis).
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
3. Secondarydentineformation-developwithinthepulpcavityanddecreasesizeofthecavity,startfrombase-apex,obliteratethe
cavity,increasewithage,cariesandparadentosis.
4. Cementumapposition-neartheendofroot,increasecementum,
increasethickness,depositedthroughoutlife,andformincremental
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
lines(devisedbyBoyde).5. Rootresorption-becauseofcementumanddentine,absorptionof
rootstartatapexandextendupward(maybepathological).
6. Transparencyoftheroot-seenafter30yearsofage,canalinthe
dentineatfirstwiden,increasewithagebecauseofdepositionof
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
minerals.Theybecomeinvisibleanddentinebecomestransparent(Mostreliableofallthecriteria).
36.
UnnaturalSexualoffencesaredefinedby
section?
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)375IPCb)320IPC
c)377IPC
d)302IPC
e)None
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-CAnsis'c'i.e.,377IPC[RefParikhOlep.3-68]IPCretatedto
sexualoffences]
228IPC:Prohibitsdisclosureofidentityofrapevictim.
375IPC:Definingrape.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
376IPC:Punishmentforrape(7yearstolifeimprisonment?fine).376-AIPC:Punishmentformaritalrape(2yearsimprisonment?
fine).
377IPC:Unnaturalsexualoffences(10yearstolifeimprisonment?
fine).
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
354IPC:Assaultorcriminalforcetowomanwithintenttooutragehermodesty.
366-AIPC:Procurationofminorgirlforillicitintercourse.
351IPC:Definesassault.
352-358IPC:Punishmentforcausingassault.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
509IPC:Word,gestureoractintendedtoinsultthemodestyofawomen.
37.
SodomyispunishableundersectionIPC?
a)354
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
b)375c)377
d)378
e)None
CorrectAnswer-C
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Ansis'c'i.e.,377[RefParikh6"Vep.3.68]Section377IPCdefinesallunnaturalsexualoffences(including
sodomy).
Section377IPCdefinesunnaturalsexualsexualoffencesas
sexualintercourseagainsttheorderofnaturewithanyman,woman
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
oranimalandlaysdownpunishmentforsame.Theseoffencesaresodomy,buccalcoitus,tribadism(lesbianism),andbestiality.
38.Spaldingsignisafeatureof-
a)Drowning
b)Intrauterinedeath
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c)Macerationd)Rigormortis
e)Asepticautolysis
CorrectAnswer-B:C:E
Ansis'b'i.e.,Intrauterinedeath;'c'i.e.,Maceration;`e'i.e.,
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Asepticautolysis[RefParikh6thiep.5-75,5-76]Maceration:
Macerationisaprocessofasepticautolysis.Itoccurswhenadead
fetusremainsintheuterusfor3-4dayssurroundedbyliquoramnii
butwithexclusionofair.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Skinslippageistheearliestsign(occurswithin12hours).Thereisgasinthegreatvesselsandchambersofheart(Robert's
sign).Exceptforlunganduterus,whichremainunchangedfora
longtime,allotherorgansbecomesoft,oedematousandloosetheir
morphology.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Theoneimportantradiologicalsignsuggestiveofmacerationis'Spaulding'ssign'i.e.skullbonesoverrideeachother.Thesmellis
somewhatrancid.
Rigormortis:Rigormortismayoccurindeadfetusbeforebirthorat
birth.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Putrefaction(decomposition):Ifthemembranesarerupturedafterdeathoffetusandairgainsentryintoliquoramnii,fetusundergoes
putrefactioninsteadofmaceration.Bodyisgreenish,foulsmelling
andbloated
39.ExtentofBurniscalculatedby?
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Ruleof9b)Wallace'sformula
c)LundandBrowderchart
d)Henery'sformula
e)None
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-A:B:CAns.is'a'i.e.,Ruleof9,`bi.e.,Wallace'sformula;'c'i.e.,Lund
andBrowderchart[RefParikh&lep.4-152-4-156]
Inadultssurfaceareaiscalculatedby:
1. 9%fortheheadandneck.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
2. 9%foreachupperlimb.3. 9%forthefrontofeachlowerlimb.
4. 9%forthebackofeachlowerlimb.
5. 9%forthefrontofthechest.
6. 9%forthebackofthechest.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
7. 9%forthefrontoftheabdomen.8. 9%forthebackoftheabdomen.
9. 1%forthegenitalia.
Areaofpalm(palmarsurface),asageneralrule,constituesabout
1%ofsurfaceareabothinadultandchildren.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Inburntarea>15%inadultsand>10%inachild,thelossofcirculatorybloodvolumemustbereplaced,otherwiseitwillcause
irreversibleshock.
Burnsonhead,neck,trunkandgenitalsaresaidtobemore
dangerousthanonotherpartsofthebody.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Infants,youngchildrenandelderlyareparticularlyvulnerabletoinitialshockandsubsequentcomplications.
40.Truestatement(s)regardingthepowerof
chiefjudicialmagistrate:
a)Cangiveimprisonmentof<3yearonly
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
b)Cangiveimprisonmentofanydurationc)Cangiveimprisonmentupto5year
d)Cangiveimprisonmentupto7year
e)Canimposeunlimitedfine
CorrectAnswer-D:E
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Ans:d.Cangiveimprisonmentupto7yeare.Canimposeunlimitedfine[RefReddy32nd/6;Reddy27th/6
indiankanoon.orgl
TheCourtofaChiefJudicialMagistratemaypassanysentence
authorisedbylawexceptasentenceofdeathorofimprisonmentfor
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
lifeorofimprisonmentforatermexceedingsevenyears.TheCourtofaMagistrateofthefirstclassmaypassasentenceof
imprisonmentforatermnotexceedingthreeyears,oroffinenot
exceedingfivethousandrupees,orofboth.
TheCourtofaMagistrateofthesecondclassmaypassasentence
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
ofimprisonmentforatermnotexceedingoneyear,oroffinenotexceedingonethousandrupees,orofboth.
TheCourtofaChiefMetropolitanMagistrateshallhavethepowers
oftheCourtofaChiefJudicialMagistrateandthatofaMetropolitan
Magistrate,thepowersoftheCourtofaMagistrateofthefirstclass.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
41.Whichofthefollowingfeatureis/are
relatedtomandibleofmaleincomparison
tofemale:
a)Ascendingramus-smallerbreadth
b)Angleoframus-Moreobtuse
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c)Largercondyled)Mentaltubercles-larger&prominent
e)Symphysealheightmore
CorrectAnswer-C:D:E
Ans:c.Largercondyled.Mentaltubercles-larger&
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
prominente.Symphysealheightmore[Ref.Reddy32nd/60;Parikh7th/79]
Symphysealheightismoreinmales(Parikh7th/79)
FemaleSmaller
TraitGeneralsize MaleLarger&thicker
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
&thinnerChin
Square(U-shaped)
Rounded
Atsymphysis
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
BodyheightAtsymphysisgreater
smaller
Ascendingramus
Greaterbreadth
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
SmallerbreadthAngleofbody
Lessobtuse(under1250);
Moreobtuse&
&,amus(Gonion)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Prominent&Evertednotprominent
Condyles
Larger
Smaller
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
MentaltuberclesLarge&prominent
Insignificant
42.Whichofthefollowingstatementis/are
trueaboutcarbamatepoisoning:
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Causepinpointpupilb)Atropineisantidote
c)Adrenergicaction
d)Spontaneouslyhydrolysesfromthecholinesteraseenzymatic
site
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)CNStoxicityismoreascomparedtoorganophosphorusCorrectAnswer-B:D
Ans:b.Atropineisantidoted.Spontaneouslyhydrolysesfrom
thecholinesteraseenzymaticsite[RefReddy32nd/495-98;
Parikh7th/625-28;GerGIIth/210;KDT7th/111;Katzung
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
13th/979-80;PharmacologybySatoskar24th/297Itdifferstoxicologicallyfromorganophosphate:Theywill
spontaneouslyhydrolysefromthecholinesteraseenzymaticsite
within24to48hours,whereasorganophosphateswillnot.
TheydonoteffectivelypenetrateintotheCNS,&assuchCNS
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
toxicityislimited.Treatment:Atropineisthespecificantidote.Pralidoximemay
diminishtheseverityofsymptoms&helppreventsomemorbidity.
43.Post-mortemcaloricityis/areseeninall
except:
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Strychninepoisoningb)Septicaemiccondition
c)Cholera
d)Barbituratepoisoning
e)Tetanus
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-DAns:d.Barbituratepoisoning[RefReddy33rd/155,32rd/149;
Parikh7th/143,6th/3.8-3.9]
Post-MortemCaloricity1.Reddy33rd/155-Inthiscondition,the
temperatureofthebodyremainsraisedforthefirsttwohoursorso
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afterdeath.Whentheregulationofheatproductionhasbeenseverelydisturbed
beforedeath,asinsunstroke&insomenervousdisorder
Whentherehasbeenagreatincreaseinheatproductioninthe
muscleduetoconvulsions,asintetanus&strychninepoisoningetc
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Post-MortemCaloricity:SeenIParikhth/3.8-3.9,Pontinehaemorrhage&sunstroke,Tetanus&strychninepoisoning.,acute
viralorviralinfectionssuchaslobarpneumonia,typhoidfever,
encephalitis&encephalomyelitis
44.Treatmentofcarbolicacidpoisoning
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includes:a)Repeatedlavageshouldbedone
b)Intubationmayberequiredincaseofrespiratorycompromise
c)Emeticsisverybeneficial
d)Salinecontainingsodiumcarbonateisgiven
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e)NoneCorrectAnswer-A:B:D
Ans:a.Repeatedlavageshouldbedoneb.Intubationmaybe
requiredincaseofrespiratorycompromised.Salinecontaining
sodiumcarbonateisgiven[RefReddy32nd/507;Parikh
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7th/535-37]Anemeticoftenfailsduetotheanaestheticeffect
Lavage:Thestomachshouldbewashedrepeatedly,carefullywith
plentyoflukewarmwatercontainingactivatedcharcoal,oliveoil,
casteroiletc.Washingcontinueduntilthewashingsareclear&
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odourlessWhenlavageiscompleted,309ramofmagnesiumsulphateora
quantityofmedicinalliquidparaffinshouldleftinthestomach
Salinecontainingsodiumcarbonateisgiveni.vtocombatcirculatory
depression,todilutecarboilicacidcontentofblood&toencourage
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excretionbyproducingdiuresis,Haemodialysis,ifthereisrenalfailure
Carbolicacidmanagement:Evaluateandsupportairway,breathing,
andcirculation.Childrenmaybemorevulnerabletocorrosive
agentsthanadultsbecauseoftherelativelysmallerdiameteroftheir
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airways.
Incasesofrespiratorycompromisesecureairwayandrespiration
viaendotrachealintubation.Ifnotpossible,surgicallycreatean
airway.
45.Deathinhangingoccursduetoallexcept:
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a)Asphyxiab)vagalinhibition
c)Vagalstimulation
d)Cerebralischemia
e)Venouscongestion
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CorrectAnswer-CAns:c.Vagalstimulation[RefReddy33rd/339;Parikh6th/3.40
Hanging:CausesofDeath:
1. Asphyxia:Atensionof15kgonligatureblocksthetrachea
2. Venouscongestion:Thejugularveinsareblockedbyatensionin
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theropeof2kg3. Combinedasphyxia&venouscongestion:Commonestcause
4. Cerebralanaemia:AtensionOf4-5kgonligatureblockscarotid
arteries&the20kg,thevertebralarteries
5. Reflexvagalinhibition
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6. Fractureofdislocationofthecervicalvertebrae(injurytospinalcord)Strangulation:Causesofdeath(Reddy33rd/347)
1. Asphyxia
2. CerebralanaemiaorVenouscongestion
3. Combinedasphyxia&venouscongestion
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4. Reflexvagalinhibition5. Fractureofdislocationofthecervicalvertebrae(rare)
46.Whichofthefollowingis/aretypeof
abrasion:
a)Pattern
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b)Imprintc)Graze
d)Stretch
e)Scratch
CorrectAnswer-A:B:C:E
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Ans:a.Pattern,b.Imprint,c.Graze&e.ScratchAbrasionsorGravelRash:Itisadestructionoftheskin,which
usuallyinvolvesthesuperficiallayersoftheepidermisonly.Theyare
causedbyfrictionagainstaroughsurfaceorbycompression.Some
pressure&movementbyagentonthesurfaceoftheskinis
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essential.Scratches(linearabrasions):Itisanabrasionwithlengthbutno
significantwidth.Subtype-pointscratch&fingernailabrasions
Grazes(sliding,scrapingorgrindingabrasion):Theyarethemost
commontype.Theyoccurwhenthereismovementb/wtheskin&
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someroughsurfaceincontactwithit.Subtype-brushburn,frictionburnetc.
Pressureabrasion(crushingorfrictionabrasions):e.g.,ligaturemark
incaseofhanging&strangulation&theteethbitemarks,Impact
abrasion(contactorimprintabrasion):causedbyaroughobjectat
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ornearrightangletotheskinsurface.Patternabrasion:Impactabrasion&pressureabrasion
47.Whichofthefollowingtoxicagentis
removedbyhemodialysis,butnotbygut
detoxicationthroughactivatedcharcoal:
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a)Theophyllineb)Benzodiazepines
c)Phenobarbitone
d)Ethyleneglycol
e)Ethanol
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CorrectAnswer-EAns:e.Ethanol[RefReddy33rd/155;Parikh6th/3.8-3.9]
Whentherehasbeenexcessivebacterialactivity,asinsepticaemic
condition,choleraotherfevers,thetemperatureofthebodyremains
raisedforthefirsttwohoursorsoafterdeath.
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Theophylline,ethyleneglycol&phenobarbitone(barbiturates)areclearedbyboth,activatedcharcoalerhaemodialysis,?
Benzodiazepinesareclearedonlybyactivatedcharcoal,Ethanolis
removedonlybyhaemodialysisnotbyactivatedcharcoal(so
obviouslytheanswer)
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Hemodialysis:Itisveryusefulforremovingethanol,methanol,ethyleneglycol,chloralhydrate,lithium,trivalentarsenic,
acetaminophen,bromide,Phenobarbital,salicylate,fluoride,sodium
chlorate,digitalis,methaqualone,boricacid&thiocynate
HaemodialysishasbeenemployedforremovingbarbituratesQ,boric
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acid,glutethimide,methylalcoholQ,salicylatesQandthiocyanatesfromtheblood.Haemperfusionissuperiortohaemodialysisfor
removaloflipidsolubledrugs.Exchangetransfusionisonlyfeasible
withsmallchildrenandhasbeenappliedtopoisoningsby
salicylates,barbiturates,ironsalts,carbonmonoxide,etc.Alltoxic
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substances,includingnondialysableones,areremovedbythistechnique"(Parikh6th/8.17)"Ethyleneglycolpoisoningtreatment:
Activatedcharcoal,gastriclavageerhaemodialysis"(Reddy
33rd/583)
48.
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I.P.CSectiondealingwithpunishmentfor
voluntarycausinggrievousinjury:
a)321I.P.C
b)322I.P.C
c)323I.P.C
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d)324I.P.Ce)325I.P.C
CorrectAnswer-E
Ans:e.325I.P.C[RefReddy33rd/294-95,292;Parikh6th/4.59-
4.60]
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S.321,I.C:voluntarilycausinghurtS.322,I.P.C:voluntarilycausinggrievoushurt
S.323,I.PC:Punishmentforvoluntarilycausinghurt:
imprisonmentuptooneyear,orfineuptoRs1000orboth
S.324,I.C:voluntarilycausinghurtbydangerousweaponsor
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means(3yearimprisonment)S.325,I.P.C:Punishmentforvoluntarilycausinggrievoushurt:
Imprisonmentforatermextendingtosevenyears&alsofine.
S.326,I.P.C:Voluntarilycausinggrievoushurtbydangerous
weaponsormeans:Imprisonmentuptotenyears&alsofine
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Grievous Injury(Sec320IPC)Emasculation?(cuttingoffpenis,castration,or
1.
causinglossofpoweroferectionduetospinal
injury)
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2.Permanentprivationofeithereye?
3.
Permanentprivationofeitherear?
Privationofanymember?(part,organorlimb)or
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Privationofanymember?(part,organorlimb)or
4.
joint
5.
Permanentdisfigurationofheadorface?
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6.Fractureordislocationofboneoratooth?
Destructionorpermanentimpairingofpowersof
7.
anymemberorjoint?
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Anyhurtwhichendangerslife?,orwhichcausesthesufferertobe,duringthespaceof20days?,
8.
inseverebodypain,orunabletofollowhisdaily
routine
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49.Mummificationis/arefavouredby:
a)Dryair
b)Humidair
c)Coldenvironment
d)Drowning
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e)WarmairCorrectAnswer-A:E
Ans:a.Dryair&e.Warmair
FactorNecessaryfortheProductionofMummification
Theabsenceofmoistureintheair
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Thecontinuousactionofdryorwarmedair"Mummification:Chronicarsenicorantimonypoisoningissaidto
favourtheprocessofmummificationindry&warmclimate"(Parikh
6th/3.31).
50.Post-mortemcaloricityis/areseenin:
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a)Drowningb)Elderly
c)Strychninepoisoning
d)Sunstroke
e)Cholera
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CorrectAnswer-C:D:EAns:c.Strychninepoisoning,d.Sunstroke,&e.Cholera,
Thisisanormalphenomenonandtheriseis3.6?For2?C
Septicaemia,Infectiousdiseases,BacteremiaTetanus,Rabies,
yellowfeverAsphyxialConditionsSevereconvulsionsTetanus
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StrychnineHyperpyrexiaatdeathHeatStroke(sunstroke)PontineHaemorrhageHighAtmosphericTemperaturePeritonitis,Meningitis,
NephritisAlcoholpoisoning
51.Gunshotinjurymaycause(s):
a)Abrasioncollar
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b)Gutterfracturec)Railtrackinjury
d)Incisedlikeinjury
e)Laceratedlikeinjury
CorrectAnswer-B:D:E
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Ans:a.Abrasion...,b.Gutt...,d.Incis...,e.Lace...,[RefReddy32nd/205,235;Parikh6th/4.43-44]
Gutterfracture:Theyareformedwhenpartofthethicknessofthe
boneisremovedsoastoformagutter,e.g.,inobliquebulletwound.
Abrasioncollar(Marginalabrasion):Abrasioncollarsurroundsthe
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dirtcollar.Theabradedcollarisreddishatfirst,butbecomesreddishbrownasitdries.Somecontusionispresentinabradedcollar&as
such,itisalsocalled"contusioncollar".Thesetwofeaturesare
proofofanentrancefirearmwound.
Glancingwounds(strikingsomeoneorsomethingatananglerather
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thandirectlyandwithfullforce)maysimulateincisedorlaceratedwounds.
Slitlikeexitwoundsareoccasionallyencountered.Theyaredueto
thebulletexitingonitsboardsideorduetoexitofafragmented
bone.Suchinjuriesmaysimulateincisedwoundsorstabwounds
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52.Notcharacteristicsofpoisonoussnake:
a)Smallscalesonhead
b)Largescalesonbelly&coverentirebreadth
c)Short&solidfangs
d)Compressedtail
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e)UsuallynocturnalinhabitCorrectAnswer-C
Ans:c.Short...[RefReddy32nd/528;Parikh6th/9.40-9.41]
Non-poisonous
Trait
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Poisonoussnakesnake
Largewiththe
1.Head
A-small(vipers)
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exceptionsasmentioned,under
scales
B-large&
thepoisonous
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snakes(a)(ifthereisanopeningorpitb/w
theeye&nostril(pitviper)
(b)thirdlabialtouchestheeye&
nasalshields(cobraorcoralsnake)
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(c)Nopits&thirdlabialdoesnottouchthenose&eye¢ralrowof
scaleson
backenlarged;undersurfaceofthe
mouthhasonlyfourinfralabials,the
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fourthbeingthelargest(kraits)Smallliketheseon
2.Belly
Large&coverentirebreadth
thebackor
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thebackor
moderatelylarge,
scales
butdonotcover
theentirebreadth
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3.Fangs HollowlikehypodermicneedlesShort&solid
4.Teeth
Twolongfangs
Severalsmallteeth
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Notmuch5.Tail
Compressed
compressed
6.Habits Usuallynocturnal
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Notso53.Whichofthefollowingisnotcomponent
oftypicalembalamingagent:
a)Nacitrate
b)Naborate
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c)Formaldehyded)Glycerine
e)None
CorrectAnswer-E
Ans:(E)None[RefReddy32nd/166;Parikh6th/8.23]Table
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(Reddy32nd/166):AtypicalembalmingEmbalmingchemicalsareavarietyofpreservatives,sanitisingand
disinfectantagents,andadditivesusedinmodernembalmingto
temporarilypreventdecompositionandrestoreanaturalappearance
forviewingabodyafterdeath
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Sodiumborote(Buffer)500gSodiumcitrote(Anticoogulent)900g
Glycerine(Wettingagent)600ml
Sodiumchloride(ControlpH)800g
Eosin(Cosmetic)-->30ml
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Solublewintergreen(Perfume)90mlWater(Vehicle)UPto10litres
Formalin(Preservative)1.5litres
54.TrueaboutPugilisticattitude:
a)Flexionofhip&knee
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b)Occurduetocoagulationofproteinbyburningc)Extensionofelbow
d)Flexionoffingers
e)None
CorrectAnswer-A:B:D
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Ans:a.Flexionofhip&knee,b.Occurduetocoagulationofproteinbyburning,d.Flexionoffingers,[RefReddy32nd/307;
27th/286;Parikh6th/4.156-4.157]
PugilisticAttitude(Boxing,FencingorDefenceAttitute)n
Reddy27th/286;Reddy32nd/307
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ItisthepostureofabodywhichhasbeenexposedtogreatheatThelegsareflexedatthehipsandknees,thearmsareflexedat
elbowsandwristsandheldoutinfrontofthebody,headslightly
extended,allfingersarehookedlikeclaws.
"Pugilisticattitudeispresentwhetheralivingordeadbodyisburnt&
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hasthereforenomedico-legalsignificance")Contractionofparaspinalmusclesoftencausesamarked
opisthotonus,inanattitudecommonlyadoptedbyboxers.
Thisstiffeningisduetothecoagulationofproteinsofthemuscles
anddehydrationwhichcausecontraction.Theflexormusclesbeing
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bulkierthanextensorscontractmoreduetowhichjointsofalllimbsareflexed
Itoccurswhetherthepersonwasaliveordeadattimeofburning
55.Whichofthefollowingcanbegroundfor
divorce:
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a)Sterilefemaleb)Impotentman
c)Diabetes
d)Prematureejaculation
e)Pre-existingincurablementaldisorder
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CorrectAnswer-B:EAns:b.impo..,e.Pre-existing...
Impotencyisagroundforannullingmarriage.InParmaswamipillai
v.SornathammalAIR1969itwasheldthatthemarriageofawoman
withanimpotentmanisvoidable.
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PrematureEjaculation:Maybe/maynotbegroundMaybeGroundforDivorceifitLeadstoImpotency
Mentaldisordercanbecomeagroundforfilingadivorceifthe
spouseofthepetitionersuffersfromincurablementaldisorderand
insanityandthereforecannotbeexpectedfromthecoupletostay
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together.56.NottrueregardingVoyeurism:
a)S.354C,IPCdefinepunishment
b)Forfirstoffenceimprisonmentof1-3yearwithfine
c)Forrepeatoffenceimprisonmentmayextendto5-10year
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d)Cognizableoffencee)Repeatoffenceisconsideredasnon-bailableoffence
CorrectAnswer-C
Ans:c.Forrepeat...[RefReddy32nd/394,413;Parikh6th/5.55;
Reddy27th/367;CriminalAmendmentBill,2013]
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VoyeurismorScoptophiliaItisdefinedasonewho,experiencesrecurrent,intense,sexually
arousingfantasies,sexualurgesorbehavioursinvolvingtheactof
observinganunsuspectingpersonwhoisnaked,intheprocessof
disrobingorengagedinsexualactivity
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VoyeurismorScotophiliaisdefinedasthedesiretowatchsexualintercourseortoobservegenitalsofothers.Q
Mostoftenthevictimisstranger
Masturbationatthesceneorlatertomemoriesofwatchingthe
unsuspectingstrangerisnormallythesourceofsexualpleasure
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Itisrareinfemale57.Duringseparation,sexualintercourse
betweenhusband&wife:
a)Non-bailableoffence
b)Onlyacrimeifcomplainedbyvictim
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c)ItisdefinedunderIPC376Cd)Minimumpunishmentof2year
e)Minimumpunishmentof5year
CorrectAnswer-B:D
Ans:b.Only...,d.Minimum...[RefReddy33rd/412;http:
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llindianlawcases.com/Act-Indian.Penal.Code,1860-1835]Section376B,I.P.C:Whoeverhassexualintercoursewithhisown
wife,whoislivingseparately,whetherunderadecreeofseparation
orotherwise,withoutherconsent,shallbepunishedwith
imprisonmentofeitherdescriptionforatermwhichshallnotbeless
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thantwoyearsbutwhichmayextendtosevenyears&shallalsobeliabletofine.
Section376C,I.P.C:Whoever,beingthesuperintendentor
managerofajail,remandhomeorotherplaceofcustody
establishedbyorunderanylawforthetimebeinginforceorofa
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woman'sorchildren'sinstitutiontakesadvantageofhisofficialpositionandinducesorseducesanyfemaleinmateofsuchjail,
remandhome,placeorinstitutiontohavesexualintercoursewith
him,suchsexualintercoursenotamountingtotheoffenceofrape,
shallbepunishedwithimprisonmentofeitherdescriptionforaterm
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whichmayextendtofiveyearsandshallalsobeliabletofine.58.Earlyonsetrigormortisis/areseenin:
a)TB
b)Cholera
c)Asphyxia
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d)Arsenie)Aconite
CorrectAnswer-A:B
Ans:a.TB,b.Cholera
[RefReddy33rd/162;Parikh6th/3.171
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Theonsetofrigorisearly&durationisshortindeathsfromdiseasescausinggreatexhaustion&wastinge.g.,cholera,typhoid,
tuberculosis,canceretc&inviolentdeathasbycut-throat,firearms,
electrocution,lightening&instrychninepoisoning
Inorganophosphatepoisoningrigidityappearsearly,COpoisoning
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delaysdisappearanceTheonsetisdelayedindeathsfromasphyxia,severehaemorrhage,
apoplexy,pneumonia&nervousdiseasecausingparalysisof
muscle
IndeathduetopoisoningfromHCN&strychnine,itstartsearly&
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persistslongerArsenicdelaysputrefaction"-Reddy33rd/541
"RigormortislastslongerthanusualinArsenicpoisoning,Aconiteis
extremelyunstable&isdestroyedbyputrefaction
59.Pinpointpupilnotseenin:
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a)Aconiteb)Opium
c)Alcohol
d)Cannabis
e)Organophosphorus
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CorrectAnswer-A:C:DAns:a.Aconite,c.Alcohol&d.Cannabis
[RefReddy33rd/6191]
Aconite:Thepupilsalternatelycontract&dilate(hippus),butremain
dilatedinlaterstages.Acutealcoholpoisoning:pupildilated&
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reacting"Opiumpoisoning:Thepupilsarecontractedtopinpointsize&do
notreacttolightbutdilateduringtheagonalasphyxiaphasecaused
byrespiratorydepression&ultimateparalysis.
Phenothiazines,Resting(deepsleep),Opiates,Narcotics,Stroke
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(pontinehemorrhage),Lomotil(diphenoxylate),Insecticides,Mushrooms/Muscarinic(inocybe,clitocybe)