Download PGI PG 2020 May FM Solved Question Paper

1.Trueabouteuthanasiaareall,
except:
PGI14
a)PassiveeuthanasiaislegalinIndia
b)ActiveeuthanasiaisallowedintheUK

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c)PhysicianassistedsuicideislegalinsomeStatesoftheUS
d)ActiveeuthanasiaislegalinNetherlandsandBelgium
e)None
CorrectAnswer-B
Ans.(B)ActiveeuthanasiaisallowedintheUK

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2.Numberofpermanentteethat8years:
a)6
b)8
c)12
d)16

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e)None
CorrectAnswer-C
Ans.C.12
Tooth
Lateralincisor

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Eruption
(upper)
7to9months
Lateralincisor
(lower)

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10-12months
Firstmolar
12to14months
Canine
17to18months

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Secondmolar
20to30months
Tooth
Eruption
Firstmolar

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6to7years
Centralincisor 6to8years
Lateralincisor 7to9years
Firstbicuspid 9to11years
Second

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bicuspid
10to12years
Canine
11to12years
Secondmolar 12to14years

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17to25years(17-
Thirdmolar
21inParikh6th/2.7)

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3.Trueaboutrigormortisareall,
except:

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FMGE08
a)Seenimmediatelyafterdeath
b)Itlast18-36hinsummer
c)Itdisappearsinthesequenceasitappears
d)Itlast24-48hinwinter

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e)None
CorrectAnswer-A
Ans.Seenimmediatelyafterdeath

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4.Dirtcollarorgreasecollarisseenin:
NEET13

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a)Puncturedwoundbysharpweapon
b)Laceratedwound
c)Firearmentrywound
d)Stabwound
e)None

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CorrectAnswer-C
Ans.Firearmentrywound
Smudgering/Leadring/Greasecollar/Dirtcollar
Thisisduetothewipeofthesoftmetalofthebullet,ordirtpresent
onit,orgreasecarriedfromthebarrel&isdepositedroundthe

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entrancewoundinternaltotheabradedcollar
Thesmudgeringmaythereforebeabsentwhenthejacketedbullet
haspassedthroughclothing
Thesmudgingincaseofleadshotorunjacketedbulletscan
bedetectedmicrochemicallyonthetarget(skin/cloth)

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Theforensicvalueofbulletwipeistoestablishaholeasabullet
hole,todeterminetheentrysite,&onoccasionthesequenceof
shotsorbullet'spassagethroughmultipleobjects.

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5.Doctorsroleinnotingdyingdeclarationis
to?

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a)Ascertaincomposmentis
b)Callthemagistrate
c)Elicitinformationbyleadingquestions
d)Asktheinvestiatingmedialofficertobethere
e)None

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CorrectAnswer-A
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Ascertaincomposmentis
Dyingdeclaration
Itisthewrittenorverbalstatementmadebyapersonlikelytodie
becauseofsomeunnaturalactdoneonhisbody,naratingthe

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circumstancesortheconditionsresponsibleforhispresentstateof
healthorthecauseandmanneroflikelyunnaturaldeath.
Ideallydyingdeclarationshouldberecordedbyexecutiveor
honorarymagistrate,butcanalsoberecordedbydoctor,village
headman,policeoranyotherperson,ifthereisnotimetocalla

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magistrate.Doctorhastocertifythepatienttobecomposmentis
(soundmind).Itisrecordedinpresenceoftwodisinterested
witnesses.Relativesandpoliceofficersarenotallowedtobe
present.Nooathisadministered.
Itcarrieslessweightthandyingdepositionasnocross-examination

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ispossible.Ifthepatientdoesnotdieaftertherecordingof
declaration,thedyingdeclarationlosesitsimportancesicenowhe
canbecalledtothecourtandhisevidencecanberecordedafter
cross-examination.

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6.Punishmentforinsultingthemodestyofa

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womancomesunder?
a)IPC354
b)IPC375
c)IPC376
d)IPC506

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e)IPC509
CorrectAnswer-A:E
Ans.is'a'i.e.,IPC354&`e'i.e.,IPC509[RefReddy30/ep.377;
https://indiankanoon.org]
IPC354.Assaultorcriminalforcetowomanwithintenttooutrage

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hermodesty.--Whoeverassaultsorusescriminalforcetoany
woman,intendingtooutrageorknowingittobelikelythathewill
therebyoutragehermodesty,shallbepunishedwithimprisonment
ofeitherdescriptionforatermwhichmayextendtotwoyears,or
withfine,orwithboth.

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IPC509:Word,gestureoractintendedtoinsultthemodestyofa
woman.--Whoever,intendingtoinsultthemodestyofanywoman,
uttersanyword,makesanysoundorgesture,orexhibitsanyobject,
intendingthatsuchwordorsoundshallbeheard,orthatsuch
gestureorobjectshallbeseen,bysuchwoman,orintrudesupon

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theprivacyofsuchwoman,shallbepunishedwithsimple
imprisonmentforatermwhichmayextendtothreeyear,orwithfine,
orwithboth.
IPC504.Intentionalinsultwithintenttoprovokebreachofthe
peace.

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IPC506.Punishmentforcriminalintimidation/

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7.Trueaboutpugilisticattitude?
a)Indicateonlyantimortemburn
b)Indicateonlypostmortemburn
c)Cannotdifferentiatebetweenantemortem&postmortemburn

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d)Occurduetointenseheat
e)Indicatedefencebyvictimduringantemortemdeath
CorrectAnswer-C:D
Ans.is'c'i.e.,Cannotdifferentiatebetweenantemortem&
postmortemburn&'d'i.e.,Occurduetointenseheat[Ref

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Parikh6thlep.4.156-4.157;Reddy32"dlep.307]
Inbodyexposedtoextensiveheat(>650C),thereresultsstiffening
andflexionofalljointsandclawingoffingers,knownas`Pugilisticor
boxer'sordefenseposture',duetodenaturationandcoagulationof
proteins.

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Contractionofparanasalsinusescausesmarkedophisthotonus.
However,heatstiffeningispermanent(unlikerigormortiswhich
passesoffafterfewhours)
Itisindicativeofexposuretointenseheat.
Itcanbemistakenforapre-deathattempttoshieldoneself

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attacker.
Thisphenomenonoccursbothinantemortemandpostmortem
burns.Sodifficulttodifferentiatebetweenthetwo.

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8.BALisusedasanantidoteinthepoisoning
of?

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a)Arsenic
b)Cadmium
c)Mercury
d)Lead
e)Iron

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CorrectAnswer-A:C:D
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Arsenic;'c'i.e.,Mercury&'d'i.e.,Lead[Ref:KDT
7thiep.395;Katzung12th/ep.398,1033]
Chelatingagentsareusedinheavymetalpoisoning.Theyform
complexwithmetalwhichismoresolubleinwaterthanthemetal

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itself,resultinginhigherrenalexcretionofcomplex.
Dimercaprol(BAL)isusedinpoisoningbygold(Au),copper
(Cu),bismoth(Bi),nickel(Ni),arsenic(As),antimony(Sb)
andmercury(Hg).
Itisusedasadjuvanttocalciumdisodiumedetateinleadpoisoning

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andadjuvanttopenicillamineincopperpoisoning(orwilson's
disease).
Penicillamineisthedrugofchoiceforcopperpoisoningand
wilson'sdisease.ItisalsousedasanadjuvanttoCaNa2,EDTAin
leadpoisoningandtoBALinmercurypoisoning.

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9.Sinneedleusedtokillanimalsismadeof?
a)Dhaturaseeds
b)Rattiseeds
c)Leadperoxide
d)Arsenic

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e)Strychnine
CorrectAnswer-B
Ans.is'b'i.e.,Rattiseeds[RefInternet]
Inthefolkmedicine,seedsaregroundintopasteandmadeinto
needleswhichareinsertedundertheskinoftheanimal.Thusthe

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animalwillbepoisonedforobtainingtheskin.
Similarneedleshavealsobeenusedtoproducecriminalabortion"
Abrusprecatorius,knownasIndianlicorice,rattiorgunjaisa
slender,twining,climbingplant,woodyatbaseandisfoundallover
theIndia.Allthepartsofthisplantarepoisonous.

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Seedswereusedonlyaftertheyhavebeenboiledincow'smilkfor3
hours.Theherbwasusedforsciatica,stiffnessofshoulderjoint,for
baldness,dandruffandotherhairdiseases,forerysipelasand
obstinateskindiseases.

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10.Miosisiscausedby?

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a)Carbamates
b)Organophosphorus
c)Aconite
d)Dhatura
e)Cyanide

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CorrectAnswer-A:B
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Carbamates&'b'i.e.,Organophosphorus[Ref:
Essentialsofforensicmedicine-786;Reddy33'/ep.619]
Poisoningcausingmiosis(constrictionofpupil):Carbolicacid
(phenol),chloralhydrate,chloroform,barbiturates(slightly

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contractedandreactingtolight),organophosphates,
carbamates,opioids(morphine),mushroompoisoning,
nitrobenzene.
Poisoningcausingmydriasis(dilatationofpupil):Dhatura(atropine
orbelladona),alcohol(MaEwan'ssign),aconite,nuxvomica,ether,

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vipervenom,cyanide,cocaine,chloroform,calatropis,pethidineand
bariumcarbonate

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11.Bolamtestisrelatedto?
a)Medicalnegligence
b)Contributorynegligence

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c)Priviledgedcommunication
d)Negligencebypatient
e)Professionalmiscunduct
CorrectAnswer-A
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Medicalnegligence[Ref

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http://medind.nic.in/jal/t07/0/jalt07i1p7.pdf]
ThejudgmentgivenbyMr.JusticeMcNairinBolamvs.Frienhos
,italmanagementcommittee(19511ISalandmarkdecisionin
decidingcasesofmedicalnegligenceandisknownasthe"Bolam
test.

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Actionsofdoctorsaretobejudgedbyactionsofotherdoctors
skilledinthatparticularartundersimilarcircumstancesandata
materialtime.

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12.Apatientwitharecenthistoryof
convulsions,presentedtoemergencyin

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subconsciousstatewithbloodpressure
60/90mm/Hg,bradycardia&slowgasping
respiration.Thereisincreased
lacrimation,salivation&sweating.On
examinationthereispinpointpupil.

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Whichofthefollowingpoisoningshould
besuspected?
a)Opioids
b)Phenobarbitone
c)Organophosphorus

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d)Dhatura
e)Strychinine
CorrectAnswer-C
Ans.is'c'i.e.,Organophosphorus[RefParikh6Th/ep.10.43;
Reddy33`d%p.5231

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Organophosphoruspoisoningcompoundsareirreversibleinhibitors
ofenzymecholinesterase,anenzymewhichhydrolyzes
acetylcholine.
Thusorganophosphatesinhibitcholinesteraseandprotect
acetylcholinefromhydrolysis.Thisresultsinincreasedconcentration

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ofacetylcholineandexcessivecholinergicactivity.

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Theyinhibitcholinesterasebyphosphorylatingthecatalyticsiteof
enzyme.Lessthan50%ofcholinesteraseactivityisindicativeof
poisoning.
Clinicalfeaturesofpoisoningareduetoexcessivecholinergic

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activity.Localmuscarinicmanifestationsatthesiteofexposure
(skin,eye,GIT)occurimmediatelyandarefollowedbycomplex,
systemiceffectsduetomuscarinic,nicotinicandcentralactions

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13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect
aboutpostmortemchanges?

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a)Post-mortemlividityfixesat6-8hours
b)RigormortisoccurswhenATPsdecreaseupto85%ofnormal
c)Rigormortisisdelayedincholeraandstrychninepoisoning
d)Cadavericspasmisinstantaneousatthetimeofdeath
e)Postmortemcaloricityoccursafter5-6hoursofdeath

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CorrectAnswer-C:E
Ans.is'c'i.e.,Rigormortisisdelayedincholeraandstrychnine
poisoning&`e'i.e.,Postmortemcaloricityoccursafter5-6
hoursofdeath[RefReddy30th/ep.137-148]
Postmortemcaloricity:-Normally,temperaturefallsafterdeath.But

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insomesituations,forinitial2-3hoursthedeadbodymaygainheat,
i.e.postmortemcaloricity
After6-12hours,lividityisfullydevelopedandfixed(unchangeable),
i.e.primarylividity.Itendswhenputrificationsetsin.Fixationof
lividityisduetostagnationofbloodindistendedcapillariesand

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venules(notduetocoagulationofblood)
RigormortisoccurswhenthereisdecreaseinATPupto15%(or
85%ofnormal).
Cadavericspasm(instantaneousrigororcatalepticrigidity)
Instantaneousrigorisdefinedastheconditionwhereinagroupof

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muscles,whichwereincontractedstateatthetimeofdeath,
continuetobeinspasmafterdeath,withoutthestageofprimary
relaxation.Therefore,thisstagepreservestheattitudeoftheperson
atthetimeofdeath.

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14.CephalicindexinIndianpopulationis?

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a)60-70
b)70-75
c)75-80
d)80-85
e)85-90

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CorrectAnswer-B
Ans.is'b'i.e.,70-75[RefReddy30'"/ep.52]
Cephalicindexisdefinedastheindexofbreadthofskull
Cephalicindex=(Maximumbreadthofskull/Maximumlengthof
skull)x100

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Basedoncephalicindexracesareclasifiedintofollowingthree
1. Dolichocephalic(longheaded):Cephalicindexis70-75andisa
featureofCaucasions,PureAryan(Indians),Aborigines,and
Negroes.
2. Mesaticephalic(mediumheaded):Cephalicindexis75-80andisa

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featureofEuropeans,andchinese.
3. Brachycephalic(shortheaded):Cephalicindexismorethan80and
isafeatureofMongolian.

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15.Whichofthefollowingfractureisspecific
forindicatingchildabuse?

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a)Posteriorribfracture
b)Scapulafracture
c)Mandibularfracture
d)Variablefracturesatmultiplesites
e)Pelvicfracture

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CorrectAnswer-A:B:D
Ansis'a'i.e.,Posteriorribfracture,'b'i.e.,Scapulafracture&
'd'i.e.,Variablefracturesatmultiplesites[Ref:http://
pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/133/2/e477#T1]
Highspecificity

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Mediumspecificity
Lowspecificity
Multiplefracturesin
variousstagesof
Metaphyseallesion

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healing,especially
("bucket
bilateral
handle"or"corner")
Clavicularfracture

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Fracturesofdifferent
Posteriorribfracture
Long-boneshaft
ages
Scapularfracture

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fracture
Epiphysealseparation
Spinousprocess
Linearskullfracture
Vertebralbody

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fracture
fracture/subluxation
Sternalfracture
Digitalfracture
Complexskullfracture

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16.Accordingtothe"Treatmentofterminally-
illpatientsbill,2016",incompetentpatient
isbelowtheageof?
a)12years
b)16years

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c)18years
d)20years
e)24years
CorrectAnswer-B
Ansis'b'i.e.,16years[Ref-

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http://www.prsindia.org/uploads/media/draft/Draft%20Passive%20Euthanansia%20Bill.
pdf]
"Incompetentpatient"meansapatientwhoisaminorbelowtheage
ofsixteenyearsorapersonofunsoundmindorapatientwhois
unableto

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1. Understandtheinformationrelevanttoaninformeddecisionabout
hismedicaltreatment;
2. Retainthatinformation;
3. Useorweighthatinformationaspartoftheprocessofmakinghis
informeddecision;

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4. Makeaninformeddecisionbecauseofimpairmentofora
disturbanceinthefunctioningofhismindorbrain;or
5. Communicatehisinformeddecision(whetherbyspeech,language
oranyothermode)astomedicaltreatment

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17.WhichoftheFollowingarethegrounds

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fordivorceforfemalesinIndia
a)Impotenceofmalepartner
b)Extramaritalaffairofmaleaprtner
c)Infertilityoffemale
d)Unemploymentofmalepartner

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e)Ifshewasmarriedbeforetheageoffifteenandshewantto
renouncesthemarriagebeforesheattainseighteenyearsof
age
CorrectAnswer-A:B:E
Answer:(a)Impotenceofmalepartner,(b)Extramaritalaffairof

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maleaprtner,(e)Ifshewasmarriedbeforetheageof
fifteen...(Ref:http://www.indidivorce.com/grounds-for-divorce-
in-india.html:Parikh7h/367,386.6`h/5.1.5.24]
Adulteryisconsideredasanoffenceagainstmarriagebyboththe
PenallawandtheMatrimoniallawinIndiaandanyonecommitting

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anadulterousactcanbepunishedunderlaw"
Impotencyandinfertilityarecompletelydistinctterms.Unlike
impotency,infertilitycannotbegroundsfordivorce,theBombayhigh
court(HC)ruledonMonday.Jul24,2012.
HinduMarriageAct,1955?Adultery,Cruelty,Desertion,Mental

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disorder,Leprosy,VenerealDisease,ifhusbandhasindulgedin
rape,bestialityandsodomy,ifshewasmarriedbeforetheageof
fifteenandrenouncesthemarriagebeforesheattainseighteen
yearsofage.
Sterilefemaleisnotagroundfordivorce(Prematureejaculation,if

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leadstoimpotencythengroundfordivorce,otherwisenotgroundfor
divorce.
Impotencyisagroundforannullingmarriage

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18.Bitemarkmayaidin:,
a)Assessmentofage

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b)Identificationofaccused
c)Assessmentofheight
d)Assessmentoftypeofteeth
e)CollectionofDNAsample
CorrectAnswer-B:C:E

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Answer:(B,IdentificationofaccusedD,Assessmentoftypeof
teeth&E,Collectionof...[Ref:Ready33'?/98-100:Parikh7`h/83-
84]
Bitemarkscanpermitpreciseidentificationbecausethe
alignmentofteethispeculiartoeachindividual.

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Thefirststepinanalyzingthebiteistoidentifyitashuman.Animal
teethareverydifferentfromhumans'teeth,sotheyleavevery
differentbite-markpatterns.Next,thebiteisswabbedfor
DNA,whichmayhavebeenleftinthesalivaofthebiter.The
dentistmustalsodeterminewhetherthebitewasself-inflicted.

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19.Featureofgunshotinjuryis/are:
a)Gutterinjury
b)Greasecollar
c)Radiatingwound
d)Tissueopeningonoppositeend

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e)alloftheabove
CorrectAnswer-E
Answer-E,alloftheabove[Ref:Reddy33rd/224,32"d/205,235;
Parikh7`h/249-53,6`"/4.43-44;ForensicAnthropologyby
StevenByers4"/256]

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Theimpactofbulletsonbonemaycausefracturelinestoform.The
twotypeoffracturelinesaredistinguishableoncranialvault:
radiatingandconcentric.
Radiatingfracturelinesoriginatefromthesiteofimpactwherethey
moveoutwardinanydirection(thisisespeciallyseeninentrance

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wound).
SmudgeRing/LeadRing/GreaseCollar!DirtCollarisduetothewipe
ofthesoftmetalofthebullet,ordirtpresentonit,orgreasecarried
fromthebarrelandisdepositedroundtheentrancewoundinternal
totheabradedcollar.

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Gutterfracture:Theyareformedwhenpartofthethicknessofthe
boneisremovedsoastoformagutter,e.g.,inobliquebulletwound"
Bulletwound:Inexitwound,sizeisbiggerthanbullet.

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20.Whichisnotmethodofcrimescene
examination:

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a)Grid
b)Strip
c)Wheel
d)Composite
e)Pointtopoint

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CorrectAnswer-D:E
Ans.(d)Compositeand(e)Pointtopoint
[www.universalclass.com/articles/law/processing-a-crime-
scene.]
Sixbasiccrimescenesearchpatterns-Stripmethod,Wheelmethod,

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Spiralmethod,Zonemethod,GridmethodandLinemethod.
Theuseofanyoranumberofthesesearchmethodswillbe
determinedbythelocationandsizeoftheparticularcrimescene.

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21.WhichofthefollowingisNOTrape:
a)Sexualintercoursewithwife,ofagebelow15year,with

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consent
b)Sexualintercoursewithwife,ofage16year,withconsent
c)Sexualintercoursewithagirlbelow18yearsofage,with
consent
d)Sexualintercoursewithagirlof18yearwithconsent

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e)Sexualintercoursewithwifewhoislivingseparatelyfrom
himunderadecreeofseparation,oranycustomorusage
withherconsent
CorrectAnswer-B:D:E
Ans:b.Sexualintercoursewith...,d.Sexualintercoursewitha

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girl...,e.Sexualintercoursewithwifewhoisliving......[Ref
Reddy32nd/392-95;Parikh7th/389-911
Rape:TheCriminalLaw(Amendment)Bill,2013(5.375,I.P.C)
AcctoGazetteNotificationofGOIregardingCriminalLaw
(amendendment)Act,2013releasedon2april,2013,1tisage15

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year.
ExceptiontoS.375,I.P.C:Sexualintercourseorsexualactsby
amanwithhisownwife,thewifenotbeingunder15years.
Thereiscontroversialreferenceregardingageofwife,either16or
15yearinReddy(old&newed.)&Parikh.

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Withherconsent,whenthemanknowsthatheisnotherhusband
andthatherconsentisgivenbecauseshebelievesthatheis
anothermantowhomsheisorbelievesherselftobelawfully
married.
Withherconsentwhen,atthetimeofgivingsuchconsent,by

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reasonofunsoundnessofmindorintoxicationortheadministration
byhimpersonallyorthroughanotherofanystupefyingor
unwholesomeSubstance,sheisunabletounderstandthenature
andconsequencesofthattowhichshegivesconsent.
Withorwithoutherconsent,whensheisundereighteenyearsof

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age.
Whensheisunabletocommunicateconsent

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22.Cause(s)ofOpisthotonusis/are:
a)Cocaine
b)StrychnosNuxVomicaseed

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c)Strychnine
d)Codeine
e)Curare
CorrectAnswer-B:C
Ans:B.StrychnosNuxVomicaseedC.Strychnine

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Strychnine(alkaloidfromseedsofstrychnosnux-vomica)cause
opisthotonus(Parikh7th/639-40)
"Strychnine:Theconvulsionsaremostmarkedinantigravity
muscles,sothatthebodytypicallyarchesinhyperextension
(opisthotonus)"(Reddy32nd/581)

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CausesofOpisthotonus:Arnold-Chiarisyndrome,Meningitis,
Braintumor,Gaucherdisease,Growthhormonedeficiency
(occasionally),Glutaricaciduriaandorganicacidemias(formsof
chemicalpoisoning).

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23.Trueaboutcadavericspasm:

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a)Samemechanismasrigormortis
b)Mechanismisunknown
c)Alsok/ainstantaneousrigor
d)Occuronlyincoldenvironment
e)Canbeseeninsomedrowningcase

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CorrectAnswer-B:C:E
Ans:b.Mechanism...,c.Also1c/a...,e.Canbeseen....
CadavericSpasm(CatalepticRigidityorInstantaneousRigor)isa
rarecondition.Inthis,themusclesthatwerecontractedduringlife
becomestiffandrigidimmediatelyafterdeathwithoutpassinginto

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thestageofprimaryrelaxation,anditsMechanismisunknown
Itoccursespeciallyincasesofsuddendeath,excitement,fear,
severepain,exhaustion,cerebralhaemorrhage,injurytothe
nervoussystem,firearmwoundofthehead,drowning,convulsant
poisons(suchasstrychnine).

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24.Whichofthefollowingistrue
statement(s)aboutexhumation?
a)Policecanorderforexhumation
b)Executivemagistratecanorderforexhumation
c)Postmortemcannotbedoneonexhumatedbody

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d)CrPC176(4)isrelatedtoenquiryofexhumatedbody
e)CrPC174isrelatedtoenquiryofexhumatedbody
CorrectAnswer-B:D
Ans:b.Executivemagistrate...,d.CrPC176(4)isrelated...
[RefReddy32nd/128-29;Parikh7th/133-34]

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Itisdiggingoutofanalreadyburiedbodylegallyfromthegrave
ThereisnotimelimitforexhumationinIndia
Autopsiesareperformedonexhumedbodies:
(1)Incriminalcases,suchashomicide,suspectedhomicide
disguisedassuicideorothertypesofdeath,suspiciouspoisoning,

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deathasaresultofcriminalabortion&criminalnegligence;
(2)Incivilcases,suchasaccidentaldeathclaim,insurance,
workmen'scompensationclaim,liabilityforprofessionalnegligence,
survivorship&inheritanceclaimsordisputedidentity
Authorisation:Thebodyisexhumatedonlywhen,thereisawritten

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orderfromtheexecutivemagistrate.Thebodycanheexhumatedby
anygovernmentdoctor
Thebodyisexhumatedunderthesupervisionofamedicalofficer&
magistrateinthepresenceofapoliceofficer
Wheneverpracticable,themagistrateshouldinformtherelativesof

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thedeceased&allowthemtoremainpresentattheenquiry(176(4)

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Cr.P.C)

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25.Whichofthefollowingis/arefeature(s)of
humanhair:
a)Medullaryindex:<0.3

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b)Cortexisthin
c)Cortexisthick
d)Medulla-narrow
e)Medulla-wider
CorrectAnswer-A:C:D

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Ans:a.Medullaryindex...,c.Cortexisthick...,d.Medullanar....
[RefReddy32nd/91;Parikh7th/499]
Trait
HumanHair
Animalhair

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Character
Fine&thin
Coarse&thick
Cuticularscalesare
Cuticle

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Cuticularscalesare
very
large&havestep-
short,broad,thin&
likeor

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irregularlyannular
wavyprojections
Thin,rarelymore
Cortex
Thick,well-striated

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than
&4to10timesas
twiceasbroadas
broadasmedulla
medulla

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Variesconsiderably,
Medulla
usuallynarrow,discontinuous, Continuous&wider
fragmentedorentirelyabsent
Mostlypresentinthe

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Pigment
Evenlydistributed
medulla

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medulla
Specificfordifferent

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Precipitin
Specificforhuman
animals
Medullaryindex
(Diameterof

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Below0.3
Above0.5
medulla/
Diameterof
shaft)

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26.Whichofthefollowingjointisbest
predictorofageof16-17yearbyX-ray:
a)Knee
b)Elbow
c)Hip

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d)Wrist
e)Ankle
CorrectAnswer-D:E
Ans:(D)Wrist(E)Ankle[RefReddy32nd/78,77,74;Parikh7th/
61-63]

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Forestimationofage:TakeX-ray
6-12yearsElbowjoint,Wristjoint,6yr-centerforlowerendof
ulna(A);medialepicondyleofthehumerus(A)
9years:Olecranon(A)
9to11years:Trochelaofhumerus(A)

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10thto11thyear:Pisiform(A)
11thyear:Lateralepicondyleofhumerus(A)
13to16years:X-rayofpelviselbowjoint&pelvis(13thyr-separate
centersintriradiatecartilageofacetabulum(A)
12to14years:Lessertrochanteroffemur(A)

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14thyear:Crestofilium(A),fusionofmedialepicondyleof
humerus,lateralepicondylewithtrochlea
15thyear:fusionoftriradiatecartilageofacetabulum
16-17year:wrist
Crestofilium:18-19.

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Ischealtuberostty,clavicle(innerend):21-22(F),23-24(M)

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27.Whichofthefollowingis/areparaphilia:
a)Pedophilia
b)Sodomy
c)Frotteurism

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d)Voyeurism
e)Exhibitionism
CorrectAnswer-A:C:D:E
Ans:A.PedophiliaC.FrotteurismD.VoyeurismE.Exhibitionism
[RefSynopsisofPsychiatrybyKaplondrSaddockllth/593-97;

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Reddy32nd/411;NeerajAhuja7th/124-26;Parikh7th/411-12J
Paraphiliasorperversionsaresexualstimulioractsthatare
deviationsfromnormalsexualbehaviors,butarenecessaryfor
somepersonstoexperiencearousalandorgasm.
AccordingtotheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMental

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Disorders,fifthedition(DSM-5),thetermparaphilicdisorderis
reservedforthosecasesinwhichasexuallydeviantfantasyor
impulsehasbeenexpressedbehaviorally.
Individualswithparaphilicinterestscanexperiencesexualpleasure,
buttheyareinhibitedfromrespondingtostimulithatarenormally

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considerederotic.Theparaphiliacperson'ssexualityismainly
restrictedtospecificdeviantstimulioracts.
DSM-5listspedophilia,frotteurism,voyeurism,exhibitionism,sexual
sadism,sexualmasochism,fetishism,andtransvestismwithexplicit
diagnosticcriteriabecauseoftheirthreattoothersand/orbecause

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theyarerelativelycommonparaphilias.Therearemanyother
paraphiliasthatmaybediagnosed

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28.Whichofthefollowingis/arefeatureof
drowning?
a)Oedemaaquosuminlung

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b)Emphysemaaquosumispresumptiveevidenceofdeathfrom
drowning
c)altaufshaemorrhagesisseensubpleural
d)Gettler'stestisusedtotestchloridecontentofbloodfromboth
sidesoftheheart

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e)Lungisballoonedandlightinseawaterdrowning
CorrectAnswer-A:B:C:D
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Oedemaaquosuminlung;'b'i.e.,Emphysema
aquosumispresumptiveevidenceofdeathfromdrowning;'c'
i.e.,Paltaufshaemorrhagesisseensubpleurally;&'d'i.e.,

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Gettler'stestisusedtotestchloridecontentofbloodfromboth
sidesoftheheart[RepReddy33'd/ep.369-70;Parikh7"/ep.
192-93]
Theeyesarehalfopenedwithdilatedpupil,congestedconjunctiva
andalmostnilpetechialhamorrhage.

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Cutisanserina(gooseskin),i.e.granularappearanceofskinwith
erecthairduetocontractionoferectorpili.
Washerwomanhandandfeed,i.e.bleachedandcorrugated
appearanceofpalmandsoles.
White,fine,lathery,abundantandtenacious(sticky)frothof

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noseandmouth.Frothincreasesinamountoncompressionofthe
chest.Frothinthenoseandmouthisalsoseenincertainpoisoning,
e.g.cocaine,organophosphorus,morphine(opioids)and

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barbiturates.Butthefrothisneithersofinenorsocopicusand
persistentinthesepoisonings.

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Weeds,grass,plants,mudorstonesintightlyclenchedhand.Itis
duetocadavericspasmandstronglysuggestthattheperson
wasalivewhendrowned,asitindicatesthestruggleofpersonfor
life.Abradedtipsoffingersandtoes,andsandunderdamagednails
havesamesignificance.

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Emphysemaaquosumisseeninwetdrowning.Inthiscondition,the
lungsarecharacterizedbyruptureofaleveolarspaceswith
accumulationofhemolyzedbloodwithwaterandsmallamountof
air.Thisconditionresultsfromviolentrespiratoryeffortswhenthe
victimissubmergedinconsciousstate.

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Oedemaaquosumisaconditionoflungcharacterizedby
oedematouschangedueaccumulationofsomewaterinlung.This
conditionresultsduetopassiveentranceofwaterinthelungswhen
thevictimissubmergedinunconsciousstatehavingnoviolenteffort
forrespiration.Itisseeninsubmersionofunconscious

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29.Testusedforbloodstainsdetectionis/are
allexcept
a)Barberio'stest
b)Kastle-meyertest
c)Benzidinetest

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d)Acidphosphatasetest
e)Takayamatest
CorrectAnswer-A:D
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Barberio'stest;&'d'i.e.,Acidphosphatase
test[RefReddy33'p.450-51,435-36;Parikh7th/ep.492-93,484-

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86]
thesetestsarebasedonH202andperoxidaseenzyme.Tests
are:
Benzidinetest:Greenishbluecolour.
Phenolphthaleintest(kastlemeyertest):Deeppermanganate

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colour.
Leucomalachitegreentest:Bluishgreenorpeacockbluecolour.
Guaiacumtest:Bluecolour.
Orthotoludinetest(kohntest):Blueorgreencolour.
Amidopyrinetest:Purplecolour.

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Teichmann'shaemincrystaltest.
Takayamahemochromogencrystaltest

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30.SaturatedNaCIisanotusedin
preservationofviscerainwhichofthe
followingpoisoning?

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a)Sodiumhydroxide
b)Aconite
c)Carbolicacid
d)Sulphuricacid
e)None

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CorrectAnswer-A:B:D
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Sodiumhydroxide;`b'i.e.,Aconite;&'d'i.e.,
Sulphuricacid[RefReddy33"Yep.124;Parikh7TVep.108-09]
1. Saturatedsodiumchloride:Inallcasesofpoisoningexcluding
corrosiveacidsexceptcarbolicacids(phenol),alkalis,corrosive

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sublimateandaconite.
2. 30mgpotassiumoxalate(anticoagulant)and10mlsodiumfluoride
(enzymeinhibitor):Bloodinsuspectedpoisoningincludingalcohol
butexcludingoxalicacid,ethyleneglycol,fluoride,carbonmonoxide.
3. Rectifiedspirit:Allexceptincasesofpoisoningby:(i)phenol,

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phosphorus,paraldehyde,(ii)kerosene,(iii)formaldehyde,formic
acid,(iv)alcohol,aceticacid(v)chloroform,chloralhydrate,(vi)
ether.
4. 10mg/mlNa/K.flurideand3mgK-oxalate:Forpreservingblood;
flurideisalsoaddedtoCSF,vitreoushumor;andurineifalcohol

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estimationisrequired;andalsoinanalysisofcocaine,cyanideand
carbonmonoxide.

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31.Whichofthefollowingis/aredangerous
injuryinforensicscience?
a)Injurycausingendangertolifeifnottreatedtimely

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b)Hearingloss
c)Lossof2-3teeth
d)Synonymouswithgrievousinjury
e)Emasculation
CorrectAnswer-A

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Ans.is'a'i.e.,Injurycausingendangertolifeifnottreated
timely[RefReddy33rd/ep.293;Parikh7m/ep.263]
Injuriescanbedividedinto(i)Simple(ii)Grievousand(iii)
dangerous.
Asimpleinjuryisonewhichisneitherextensivenorserious,and

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whichwouldhealrapidlywithoutleavinganypermanentdeformityor
disfiguration.
Agrievousinjuryisone(i)Whichisextensiveorserious(ii)Which
doesnothealrapidly,and(iii)Whichleavesapermanentdeformity
ordisfiguration.

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1. Emasculation(cuttingofthepenis,castration;orcausinglossof
poweroferectionduetospinalinjury).
2. Permanentprivationofthesightofeithereye.
3. Permanentprivationofthehearingofeitherear.
4. Privationofanymember(part,organ,limb)orjoint.

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5. Destructionorpermanentimpairingofpowersofanymemberor
joint.
6. Permanentdisfigurationofheadorface.

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7. Fractureordislocationofaboneoratooth.
8. Anyhurtwhichendangerslifeorwhichcausesthesufferertobe,

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duringthespaceoftwentydaysinseverebodilypain,orunableto
followhisdailyroutine.
9. Section319IPCdefineshurtasbodilypain,disease,orinfirmity,
causedtoanyperson.

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32.Whichofthefollowingfeatures(s)is/are

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morecommoninstrangulationratherthan
hanging-
a)Paleface
b)Fracturesoftracheaandlarynx
c)Congestedfaces

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d)Transverseligature
e)Bruisesatedgesoftheligaturemark
CorrectAnswer-B:C:D:E
Ans.is'b'i.e.,Fracturesoftracheaandlarynx;'c'i.e.,
Congestedfaces;'d'i.e.,Transverseligature;&`e'i.e.,Bruises

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atedgesoftheligaturemark[RefReddy33rdiep.351]

Strangulation
Hanging
1. Nosuspension

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2. Compressiononneckisbya
1. Thereissuspensionofbody.
ligature,hands,sticks,
2. Compressiononneckisbyaligature elbow,kneeorfoot.
3. Forceofcompressionistheweighto

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3 f
. Itisoutsideforceapplied
body(endogenousorce)
(exogenousforce).
4. Ligaturemarkisabovethethyroidis

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4. Markisonorbelowthe
oblique,symmetricalandincomplete. thyroid.Ishorizontal,
5. Knotusuallypresent.
completeandcontinuous(in
6. Usuallynomarkatsiteofknot:In

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absenceofligaturemark
fixedknot,markisinverted'V'
thereareotherinjurieson
shaped.
neckdependingupontypeof

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---

7. Markusuallysingle.
strangulation).
8. Surfaceofmarkabradedor
5. KnotUsuallyabsent.
contused.

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6. Markishorizontal,complete
9. Surfacemayshowpatternofligature andcontinuous.
used.
7. Usuallymultiplemarks.
10. Surfacehard.Mark-yellowishbrown8. Usuallylacerated.

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incolour
9. Patternnotseen
10. Soft,duetofrankbleeding.
Black.

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33.Whichofthefollwingis/aretrue

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regardingPerjury:
a)Wilfullygivingfalsestatementunderhe/sheeitherknowsor
believestobefalseordoesnotbelievetobetrue
b)S.190IPCdealswithperjury
c)Voluntarilygivingfalseevidenceunderoathwhichhe/sheeither

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knowsorbelievestobefalseordoesnotbelievetobetrue
d)Thewitnessisliabletobeprosecutedforperjury
e)None
CorrectAnswer-A:C:D
Ans.(A)Wilfullygivingfalsestatementunderhe/sheeither

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knowsorbelievestobefalseordoesnotbelievetobetrue
(C)Voluntarilygivingfalseevidenceunderoathwhichhe/she
eitherknowsorbelievestobefalseordoesnotbelievetobe
true(D)Thewitnessisliabletobeprosecutedforperjury

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34.TrueaboutCorpusdelicti:

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a)Medicalnegligence
b)Bodyofoffence
c)Itincludesbodyofthevictimandotherfactswhichare
conclusiveofdeathbyfoulplay
d)Theessenceofcrime

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e)None
CorrectAnswer-B:C:D
Ans.(B)Bodyofoffence(C)Itincludesbodyofthevictimand
otherfactswhichareconclusiveofdeathbyfoulplay(D)The
essenceofcrime

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35.Gustafson'smethodisusedfor-
a)Agedetermination
b)Sexdetermination
c)Racedetermination
d)Teethattrition

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e)Teethresorption
CorrectAnswer-A:D:E
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Agedetermination;'d'i.e.,Teethattrition;`e'i.e.,
Teethresorption[RefParikh6th/ep.2.8]
Gustafson'smethod:Usefulonlyinpersonsolderthan21yearsof

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age,dependingonthephysiologicalchangesineachofthedental
tissues
1. Attrition-duetowearandtearfrommastication,uppersurfaceof
teethdestoyedgradually,firstinvolvingtheenamel-->dentine-->
pulp(dependingonthefunctionaluseofteethandhardnessof

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enamel).AO-nochange.A-minimumchange(enamel),A2-
moderatechange(dentine),A3-maximumchange(pulp).
2. Paradentosis-recessionofgumsandperiodontaltissue
surroundingtheteeth,exposingtheneckandadjacentpartofroot
-->teethfalloff(poorhygieneincreasesparadentosis).

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3. Secondarydentineformation-developwithinthepulpcavityand
decreasesizeofthecavity,startfrombase-apex,obliteratethe
cavity,increasewithage,cariesandparadentosis.
4. Cementumapposition-neartheendofroot,increasecementum,
increasethickness,depositedthroughoutlife,andformincremental

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lines(devisedbyBoyde).
5. Rootresorption-becauseofcementumanddentine,absorptionof

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rootstartatapexandextendupward(maybepathological).
6. Transparencyoftheroot-seenafter30yearsofage,canalinthe
dentineatfirstwiden,increasewithagebecauseofdepositionof

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minerals.Theybecomeinvisibleanddentinebecomestransparent
(Mostreliableofallthecriteria).

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36.

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UnnaturalSexualoffencesaredefinedby
section?

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a)375IPC
b)320IPC
c)377IPC
d)302IPC
e)None

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CorrectAnswer-C
Ansis'c'i.e.,377IPC[RefParikhOlep.3-68]IPCretatedto
sexualoffences]
228IPC:Prohibitsdisclosureofidentityofrapevictim.
375IPC:Definingrape.

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376IPC:Punishmentforrape(7yearstolifeimprisonment?fine).
376-AIPC:Punishmentformaritalrape(2yearsimprisonment?
fine).
377IPC:Unnaturalsexualoffences(10yearstolifeimprisonment?
fine).

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354IPC:Assaultorcriminalforcetowomanwithintenttooutrage
hermodesty.
366-AIPC:Procurationofminorgirlforillicitintercourse.
351IPC:Definesassault.
352-358IPC:Punishmentforcausingassault.

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509IPC:Word,gestureoractintendedtoinsultthemodestyof
awomen.

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37.

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SodomyispunishableundersectionIPC?
a)354

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b)375
c)377
d)378
e)None
CorrectAnswer-C

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Ansis'c'i.e.,377[RefParikh6"Vep.3.68]
Section377IPCdefinesallunnaturalsexualoffences(including
sodomy).
Section377IPCdefinesunnaturalsexualsexualoffencesas
sexualintercourseagainsttheorderofnaturewithanyman,woman

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oranimalandlaysdownpunishmentforsame.Theseoffences
aresodomy,buccalcoitus,tribadism(lesbianism),andbestiality.

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38.Spaldingsignisafeatureof-
a)Drowning
b)Intrauterinedeath

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c)Maceration
d)Rigormortis
e)Asepticautolysis
CorrectAnswer-B:C:E
Ansis'b'i.e.,Intrauterinedeath;'c'i.e.,Maceration;`e'i.e.,

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Asepticautolysis[RefParikh6thiep.5-75,5-76]
Maceration:
Macerationisaprocessofasepticautolysis.Itoccurswhenadead
fetusremainsintheuterusfor3-4dayssurroundedbyliquoramnii
butwithexclusionofair.

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Skinslippageistheearliestsign(occurswithin12hours).
Thereisgasinthegreatvesselsandchambersofheart(Robert's
sign).Exceptforlunganduterus,whichremainunchangedfora
longtime,allotherorgansbecomesoft,oedematousandloosetheir
morphology.

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Theoneimportantradiologicalsignsuggestiveofmacerationis
'Spaulding'ssign'i.e.skullbonesoverrideeachother.Thesmellis
somewhatrancid.
Rigormortis:Rigormortismayoccurindeadfetusbeforebirthorat
birth.

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Putrefaction(decomposition):Ifthemembranesarerupturedafter
deathoffetusandairgainsentryintoliquoramnii,fetusundergoes
putrefactioninsteadofmaceration.Bodyisgreenish,foulsmelling
andbloated

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---

39.ExtentofBurniscalculatedby?

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

a)Ruleof9
b)Wallace'sformula
c)LundandBrowderchart
d)Henery'sformula
e)None

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CorrectAnswer-A:B:C
Ans.is'a'i.e.,Ruleof9,`bi.e.,Wallace'sformula;'c'i.e.,Lund
andBrowderchart[RefParikh&lep.4-152-4-156]
Inadultssurfaceareaiscalculatedby:
1. 9%fortheheadandneck.

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2. 9%foreachupperlimb.
3. 9%forthefrontofeachlowerlimb.
4. 9%forthebackofeachlowerlimb.
5. 9%forthefrontofthechest.
6. 9%forthebackofthechest.

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7. 9%forthefrontoftheabdomen.
8. 9%forthebackoftheabdomen.
9. 1%forthegenitalia.
Areaofpalm(palmarsurface),asageneralrule,constituesabout
1%ofsurfaceareabothinadultandchildren.

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Inburntarea>15%inadultsand>10%inachild,thelossof
circulatorybloodvolumemustbereplaced,otherwiseitwillcause
irreversibleshock.
Burnsonhead,neck,trunkandgenitalsaresaidtobemore
dangerousthanonotherpartsofthebody.

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Infants,youngchildrenandelderlyareparticularlyvulnerableto

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initialshockandsubsequentcomplications.

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40.Truestatement(s)regardingthepowerof
chiefjudicialmagistrate:
a)Cangiveimprisonmentof<3yearonly

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b)Cangiveimprisonmentofanyduration
c)Cangiveimprisonmentupto5year
d)Cangiveimprisonmentupto7year
e)Canimposeunlimitedfine
CorrectAnswer-D:E

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Ans:d.Cangiveimprisonmentupto7yeare.Canimpose
unlimitedfine[RefReddy32nd/6;Reddy27th/6
indiankanoon.orgl
TheCourtofaChiefJudicialMagistratemaypassanysentence
authorisedbylawexceptasentenceofdeathorofimprisonmentfor

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lifeorofimprisonmentforatermexceedingsevenyears.
TheCourtofaMagistrateofthefirstclassmaypassasentenceof
imprisonmentforatermnotexceedingthreeyears,oroffinenot
exceedingfivethousandrupees,orofboth.
TheCourtofaMagistrateofthesecondclassmaypassasentence

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ofimprisonmentforatermnotexceedingoneyear,oroffinenot
exceedingonethousandrupees,orofboth.
TheCourtofaChiefMetropolitanMagistrateshallhavethepowers
oftheCourtofaChiefJudicialMagistrateandthatofaMetropolitan
Magistrate,thepowersoftheCourtofaMagistrateofthefirstclass.

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41.Whichofthefollowingfeatureis/are
relatedtomandibleofmaleincomparison
tofemale:
a)Ascendingramus-smallerbreadth
b)Angleoframus-Moreobtuse

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c)Largercondyle
d)Mentaltubercles-larger&prominent
e)Symphysealheightmore
CorrectAnswer-C:D:E
Ans:c.Largercondyled.Mentaltubercles-larger&

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prominente.Symphysealheightmore[Ref.Reddy32nd/60;
Parikh7th/79]
Symphysealheightismoreinmales(Parikh7th/79)
FemaleSmaller
TraitGeneralsize MaleLarger&thicker

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&thinner
Chin
Square(U-shaped)
Rounded
Atsymphysis

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Bodyheight
Atsymphysisgreater
smaller
Ascendingramus
Greaterbreadth

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Smallerbreadth
Angleofbody
Lessobtuse(under1250);
Moreobtuse&
&,amus(Gonion)

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Prominent&Everted
notprominent
Condyles
Larger
Smaller

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Mentaltubercles
Large&prominent
Insignificant

---

42.Whichofthefollowingstatementis/are
trueaboutcarbamatepoisoning:

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a)Causepinpointpupil
b)Atropineisantidote
c)Adrenergicaction
d)Spontaneouslyhydrolysesfromthecholinesteraseenzymatic
site

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e)CNStoxicityismoreascomparedtoorganophosphorus
CorrectAnswer-B:D
Ans:b.Atropineisantidoted.Spontaneouslyhydrolysesfrom
thecholinesteraseenzymaticsite[RefReddy32nd/495-98;
Parikh7th/625-28;GerGIIth/210;KDT7th/111;Katzung

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13th/979-80;PharmacologybySatoskar24th/297
Itdifferstoxicologicallyfromorganophosphate:Theywill
spontaneouslyhydrolysefromthecholinesteraseenzymaticsite
within24to48hours,whereasorganophosphateswillnot.
TheydonoteffectivelypenetrateintotheCNS,&assuchCNS

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toxicityislimited.
Treatment:Atropineisthespecificantidote.Pralidoximemay
diminishtheseverityofsymptoms&helppreventsomemorbidity.

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43.Post-mortemcaloricityis/areseeninall
except:

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a)Strychninepoisoning
b)Septicaemiccondition
c)Cholera
d)Barbituratepoisoning
e)Tetanus

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CorrectAnswer-D
Ans:d.Barbituratepoisoning[RefReddy33rd/155,32rd/149;
Parikh7th/143,6th/3.8-3.9]
Post-MortemCaloricity1.Reddy33rd/155-Inthiscondition,the
temperatureofthebodyremainsraisedforthefirsttwohoursorso

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afterdeath.
Whentheregulationofheatproductionhasbeenseverelydisturbed
beforedeath,asinsunstroke&insomenervousdisorder
Whentherehasbeenagreatincreaseinheatproductioninthe
muscleduetoconvulsions,asintetanus&strychninepoisoningetc

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Post-MortemCaloricity:SeenIParikhth/3.8-3.9,Pontine
haemorrhage&sunstroke,Tetanus&strychninepoisoning.,acute
viralorviralinfectionssuchaslobarpneumonia,typhoidfever,
encephalitis&encephalomyelitis

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44.Treatmentofcarbolicacidpoisoning

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includes:
a)Repeatedlavageshouldbedone
b)Intubationmayberequiredincaseofrespiratorycompromise
c)Emeticsisverybeneficial
d)Salinecontainingsodiumcarbonateisgiven

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e)None
CorrectAnswer-A:B:D
Ans:a.Repeatedlavageshouldbedoneb.Intubationmaybe
requiredincaseofrespiratorycompromised.Salinecontaining
sodiumcarbonateisgiven[RefReddy32nd/507;Parikh

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7th/535-37]
Anemeticoftenfailsduetotheanaestheticeffect
Lavage:Thestomachshouldbewashedrepeatedly,carefullywith
plentyoflukewarmwatercontainingactivatedcharcoal,oliveoil,
casteroiletc.Washingcontinueduntilthewashingsareclear&

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odourless
Whenlavageiscompleted,309ramofmagnesiumsulphateora
quantityofmedicinalliquidparaffinshouldleftinthestomach
Salinecontainingsodiumcarbonateisgiveni.vtocombatcirculatory
depression,todilutecarboilicacidcontentofblood&toencourage

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excretionbyproducingdiuresis,Haemodialysis,ifthereisrenal
failure
Carbolicacidmanagement:Evaluateandsupportairway,breathing,
andcirculation.Childrenmaybemorevulnerabletocorrosive
agentsthanadultsbecauseoftherelativelysmallerdiameteroftheir

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---

airways.
Incasesofrespiratorycompromisesecureairwayandrespiration
viaendotrachealintubation.Ifnotpossible,surgicallycreatean
airway.

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45.Deathinhangingoccursduetoallexcept:

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a)Asphyxia
b)vagalinhibition
c)Vagalstimulation
d)Cerebralischemia
e)Venouscongestion

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CorrectAnswer-C
Ans:c.Vagalstimulation[RefReddy33rd/339;Parikh6th/3.40
Hanging:CausesofDeath:
1. Asphyxia:Atensionof15kgonligatureblocksthetrachea
2. Venouscongestion:Thejugularveinsareblockedbyatensionin

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theropeof2kg
3. Combinedasphyxia&venouscongestion:Commonestcause
4. Cerebralanaemia:AtensionOf4-5kgonligatureblockscarotid
arteries&the20kg,thevertebralarteries
5. Reflexvagalinhibition

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6. Fractureofdislocationofthecervicalvertebrae(injurytospinalcord)
Strangulation:Causesofdeath(Reddy33rd/347)
1. Asphyxia
2. CerebralanaemiaorVenouscongestion
3. Combinedasphyxia&venouscongestion

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4. Reflexvagalinhibition
5. Fractureofdislocationofthecervicalvertebrae(rare)

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46.Whichofthefollowingis/aretypeof
abrasion:
a)Pattern

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b)Imprint
c)Graze
d)Stretch
e)Scratch
CorrectAnswer-A:B:C:E

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Ans:a.Pattern,b.Imprint,c.Graze&e.Scratch
AbrasionsorGravelRash:Itisadestructionoftheskin,which
usuallyinvolvesthesuperficiallayersoftheepidermisonly.Theyare
causedbyfrictionagainstaroughsurfaceorbycompression.Some
pressure&movementbyagentonthesurfaceoftheskinis

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essential.
Scratches(linearabrasions):Itisanabrasionwithlengthbutno
significantwidth.Subtype-pointscratch&fingernailabrasions
Grazes(sliding,scrapingorgrindingabrasion):Theyarethemost
commontype.Theyoccurwhenthereismovementb/wtheskin&

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someroughsurfaceincontactwithit.Subtype-brushburn,friction
burnetc.
Pressureabrasion(crushingorfrictionabrasions):e.g.,ligaturemark
incaseofhanging&strangulation&theteethbitemarks,Impact
abrasion(contactorimprintabrasion):causedbyaroughobjectat

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ornearrightangletotheskinsurface.Patternabrasion:Impact
abrasion&pressureabrasion

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47.Whichofthefollowingtoxicagentis
removedbyhemodialysis,butnotbygut
detoxicationthroughactivatedcharcoal:

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a)Theophylline
b)Benzodiazepines
c)Phenobarbitone
d)Ethyleneglycol
e)Ethanol

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CorrectAnswer-E
Ans:e.Ethanol[RefReddy33rd/155;Parikh6th/3.8-3.9]
Whentherehasbeenexcessivebacterialactivity,asinsepticaemic
condition,choleraotherfevers,thetemperatureofthebodyremains
raisedforthefirsttwohoursorsoafterdeath.

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Theophylline,ethyleneglycol&phenobarbitone(barbiturates)are
clearedbyboth,activatedcharcoalerhaemodialysis,?
Benzodiazepinesareclearedonlybyactivatedcharcoal,Ethanolis
removedonlybyhaemodialysisnotbyactivatedcharcoal(so
obviouslytheanswer)

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Hemodialysis:Itisveryusefulforremovingethanol,methanol,
ethyleneglycol,chloralhydrate,lithium,trivalentarsenic,
acetaminophen,bromide,Phenobarbital,salicylate,fluoride,sodium
chlorate,digitalis,methaqualone,boricacid&thiocynate
HaemodialysishasbeenemployedforremovingbarbituratesQ,boric

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acid,glutethimide,methylalcoholQ,salicylatesQandthiocyanates
fromtheblood.Haemperfusionissuperiortohaemodialysisfor
removaloflipidsolubledrugs.Exchangetransfusionisonlyfeasible

---

withsmallchildrenandhasbeenappliedtopoisoningsby
salicylates,barbiturates,ironsalts,carbonmonoxide,etc.Alltoxic

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substances,includingnondialysableones,areremovedbythis
technique"(Parikh6th/8.17)"Ethyleneglycolpoisoningtreatment:
Activatedcharcoal,gastriclavageerhaemodialysis"(Reddy
33rd/583)

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48.

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---

I.P.CSectiondealingwithpunishmentfor
voluntarycausinggrievousinjury:
a)321I.P.C
b)322I.P.C
c)323I.P.C

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d)324I.P.C
e)325I.P.C
CorrectAnswer-E
Ans:e.325I.P.C[RefReddy33rd/294-95,292;Parikh6th/4.59-
4.60]

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S.321,I.C:voluntarilycausinghurt
S.322,I.P.C:voluntarilycausinggrievoushurt
S.323,I.PC:Punishmentforvoluntarilycausinghurt:
imprisonmentuptooneyear,orfineuptoRs1000orboth
S.324,I.C:voluntarilycausinghurtbydangerousweaponsor

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means(3yearimprisonment)
S.325,I.P.C:Punishmentforvoluntarilycausinggrievoushurt:
Imprisonmentforatermextendingtosevenyears&alsofine.
S.326,I.P.C:Voluntarilycausinggrievoushurtbydangerous
weaponsormeans:Imprisonmentuptotenyears&alsofine

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Grievous Injury(Sec320IPC)
Emasculation?(cuttingoffpenis,castration,or
1.
causinglossofpoweroferectionduetospinal
injury)

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2.
Permanentprivationofeithereye?
3.
Permanentprivationofeitherear?
Privationofanymember?(part,organorlimb)or

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---

Privationofanymember?(part,organorlimb)or
4.
joint
5.
Permanentdisfigurationofheadorface?

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6.
Fractureordislocationofboneoratooth?
Destructionorpermanentimpairingofpowersof
7.
anymemberorjoint?

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Anyhurtwhichendangerslife?,orwhichcauses
thesufferertobe,duringthespaceof20days?,
8.
inseverebodypain,orunabletofollowhisdaily
routine

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49.Mummificationis/arefavouredby:
a)Dryair
b)Humidair
c)Coldenvironment
d)Drowning

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e)Warmair
CorrectAnswer-A:E
Ans:a.Dryair&e.Warmair
FactorNecessaryfortheProductionofMummification
Theabsenceofmoistureintheair

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Thecontinuousactionofdryorwarmedair
"Mummification:Chronicarsenicorantimonypoisoningissaidto
favourtheprocessofmummificationindry&warmclimate"(Parikh
6th/3.31).

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50.Post-mortemcaloricityis/areseenin:

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a)Drowning
b)Elderly
c)Strychninepoisoning
d)Sunstroke
e)Cholera

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CorrectAnswer-C:D:E
Ans:c.Strychninepoisoning,d.Sunstroke,&e.Cholera,
Thisisanormalphenomenonandtheriseis3.6?For2?C
Septicaemia,Infectiousdiseases,BacteremiaTetanus,Rabies,
yellowfeverAsphyxialConditionsSevereconvulsionsTetanus

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StrychnineHyperpyrexiaatdeathHeatStroke(sunstroke)Pontine
HaemorrhageHighAtmosphericTemperaturePeritonitis,Meningitis,
NephritisAlcoholpoisoning

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51.Gunshotinjurymaycause(s):
a)Abrasioncollar

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b)Gutterfracture
c)Railtrackinjury
d)Incisedlikeinjury
e)Laceratedlikeinjury
CorrectAnswer-B:D:E

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Ans:a.Abrasion...,b.Gutt...,d.Incis...,e.Lace...,[RefReddy
32nd/205,235;Parikh6th/4.43-44]
Gutterfracture:Theyareformedwhenpartofthethicknessofthe
boneisremovedsoastoformagutter,e.g.,inobliquebulletwound.
Abrasioncollar(Marginalabrasion):Abrasioncollarsurroundsthe

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dirtcollar.Theabradedcollarisreddishatfirst,butbecomesreddish
brownasitdries.Somecontusionispresentinabradedcollar&as
such,itisalsocalled"contusioncollar".Thesetwofeaturesare
proofofanentrancefirearmwound.
Glancingwounds(strikingsomeoneorsomethingatananglerather

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thandirectlyandwithfullforce)maysimulateincisedorlacerated
wounds.
Slitlikeexitwoundsareoccasionallyencountered.Theyaredueto
thebulletexitingonitsboardsideorduetoexitofafragmented
bone.Suchinjuriesmaysimulateincisedwoundsorstabwounds

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52.Notcharacteristicsofpoisonoussnake:
a)Smallscalesonhead
b)Largescalesonbelly&coverentirebreadth
c)Short&solidfangs
d)Compressedtail

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e)Usuallynocturnalinhabit
CorrectAnswer-C
Ans:c.Short...[RefReddy32nd/528;Parikh6th/9.40-9.41]
Non-poisonous
Trait

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Poisonoussnake
snake
Largewiththe
1.Head
A-small(vipers)

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exceptionsas
mentioned,under
scales
B-large&
thepoisonous

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snakes
(a)(ifthereisanopeningorpitb/w
theeye&nostril(pitviper)
(b)thirdlabialtouchestheeye&
nasalshields(cobraorcoralsnake)

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(c)Nopits&thirdlabialdoesnot
touchthenose&eye&centralrowof
scaleson
backenlarged;undersurfaceofthe
mouthhasonlyfourinfralabials,the

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fourthbeingthelargest(kraits)
Smallliketheseon
2.Belly
Large&coverentirebreadth
thebackor

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---

thebackor
moderatelylarge,
scales
butdonotcover
theentirebreadth

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3.Fangs Hollowlikehypodermicneedles
Short&solid
4.Teeth
Twolongfangs
Severalsmallteeth

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Notmuch
5.Tail
Compressed
compressed
6.Habits Usuallynocturnal

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Notso

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53.Whichofthefollowingisnotcomponent
oftypicalembalamingagent:
a)Nacitrate
b)Naborate

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c)Formaldehyde
d)Glycerine
e)None
CorrectAnswer-E
Ans:(E)None[RefReddy32nd/166;Parikh6th/8.23]Table

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(Reddy32nd/166):Atypicalembalming
Embalmingchemicalsareavarietyofpreservatives,sanitisingand
disinfectantagents,andadditivesusedinmodernembalmingto
temporarilypreventdecompositionandrestoreanaturalappearance
forviewingabodyafterdeath

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Sodiumborote(Buffer)500g
Sodiumcitrote(Anticoogulent)900g
Glycerine(Wettingagent)600ml
Sodiumchloride(ControlpH)800g
Eosin(Cosmetic)-->30ml

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Solublewintergreen(Perfume)90ml
Water(Vehicle)UPto10litres
Formalin(Preservative)1.5litres

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54.TrueaboutPugilisticattitude:
a)Flexionofhip&knee

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b)Occurduetocoagulationofproteinbyburning
c)Extensionofelbow
d)Flexionoffingers
e)None
CorrectAnswer-A:B:D

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Ans:a.Flexionofhip&knee,b.Occurduetocoagulationof
proteinbyburning,d.Flexionoffingers,[RefReddy32nd/307;
27th/286;Parikh6th/4.156-4.157]
PugilisticAttitude(Boxing,FencingorDefenceAttitute)n
Reddy27th/286;Reddy32nd/307

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Itisthepostureofabodywhichhasbeenexposedtogreatheat
Thelegsareflexedatthehipsandknees,thearmsareflexedat
elbowsandwristsandheldoutinfrontofthebody,headslightly
extended,allfingersarehookedlikeclaws.
"Pugilisticattitudeispresentwhetheralivingordeadbodyisburnt&

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hasthereforenomedico-legalsignificance")
Contractionofparaspinalmusclesoftencausesamarked
opisthotonus,inanattitudecommonlyadoptedbyboxers.
Thisstiffeningisduetothecoagulationofproteinsofthemuscles
anddehydrationwhichcausecontraction.Theflexormusclesbeing

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bulkierthanextensorscontractmoreduetowhichjointsofalllimbs
areflexed
Itoccurswhetherthepersonwasaliveordeadattimeofburning

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55.Whichofthefollowingcanbegroundfor
divorce:

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a)Sterilefemale
b)Impotentman
c)Diabetes
d)Prematureejaculation
e)Pre-existingincurablementaldisorder

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CorrectAnswer-B:E
Ans:b.impo..,e.Pre-existing...
Impotencyisagroundforannullingmarriage.InParmaswamipillai
v.SornathammalAIR1969itwasheldthatthemarriageofawoman
withanimpotentmanisvoidable.

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PrematureEjaculation:Maybe/maynotbegroundMay
beGroundforDivorceifitLeadstoImpotency
Mentaldisordercanbecomeagroundforfilingadivorceifthe
spouseofthepetitionersuffersfromincurablementaldisorderand
insanityandthereforecannotbeexpectedfromthecoupletostay

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together.

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56.NottrueregardingVoyeurism:
a)S.354C,IPCdefinepunishment
b)Forfirstoffenceimprisonmentof1-3yearwithfine
c)Forrepeatoffenceimprisonmentmayextendto5-10year

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d)Cognizableoffence
e)Repeatoffenceisconsideredasnon-bailableoffence
CorrectAnswer-C
Ans:c.Forrepeat...[RefReddy32nd/394,413;Parikh6th/5.55;
Reddy27th/367;CriminalAmendmentBill,2013]

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VoyeurismorScoptophilia
Itisdefinedasonewho,experiencesrecurrent,intense,sexually
arousingfantasies,sexualurgesorbehavioursinvolvingtheactof
observinganunsuspectingpersonwhoisnaked,intheprocessof
disrobingorengagedinsexualactivity

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VoyeurismorScotophiliaisdefinedasthedesiretowatchsexual
intercourseortoobservegenitalsofothers.Q
Mostoftenthevictimisstranger
Masturbationatthesceneorlatertomemoriesofwatchingthe
unsuspectingstrangerisnormallythesourceofsexualpleasure

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Itisrareinfemale

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57.Duringseparation,sexualintercourse
betweenhusband&wife:
a)Non-bailableoffence
b)Onlyacrimeifcomplainedbyvictim

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c)ItisdefinedunderIPC376C
d)Minimumpunishmentof2year
e)Minimumpunishmentof5year
CorrectAnswer-B:D
Ans:b.Only...,d.Minimum...[RefReddy33rd/412;http:

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llindianlawcases.com/Act-Indian.Penal.Code,1860-1835]
Section376B,I.P.C:Whoeverhassexualintercoursewithhisown
wife,whoislivingseparately,whetherunderadecreeofseparation
orotherwise,withoutherconsent,shallbepunishedwith
imprisonmentofeitherdescriptionforatermwhichshallnotbeless

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thantwoyearsbutwhichmayextendtosevenyears&shallalsobe
liabletofine.
Section376C,I.P.C:Whoever,beingthesuperintendentor
managerofajail,remandhomeorotherplaceofcustody
establishedbyorunderanylawforthetimebeinginforceorofa

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woman'sorchildren'sinstitutiontakesadvantageofhisofficial
positionandinducesorseducesanyfemaleinmateofsuchjail,
remandhome,placeorinstitutiontohavesexualintercoursewith
him,suchsexualintercoursenotamountingtotheoffenceofrape,
shallbepunishedwithimprisonmentofeitherdescriptionforaterm

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whichmayextendtofiveyearsandshallalsobeliabletofine.

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58.Earlyonsetrigormortisis/areseenin:
a)TB
b)Cholera
c)Asphyxia

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d)Arseni
e)Aconite
CorrectAnswer-A:B
Ans:a.TB,b.Cholera
[RefReddy33rd/162;Parikh6th/3.171

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Theonsetofrigorisearly&durationisshortindeathsfrom
diseasescausinggreatexhaustion&wastinge.g.,cholera,typhoid,
tuberculosis,canceretc&inviolentdeathasbycut-throat,firearms,
electrocution,lightening&instrychninepoisoning
Inorganophosphatepoisoningrigidityappearsearly,COpoisoning

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delaysdisappearance
Theonsetisdelayedindeathsfromasphyxia,severehaemorrhage,
apoplexy,pneumonia&nervousdiseasecausingparalysisof
muscle
IndeathduetopoisoningfromHCN&strychnine,itstartsearly&

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persistslonger
Arsenicdelaysputrefaction"-Reddy33rd/541
"RigormortislastslongerthanusualinArsenicpoisoning,Aconiteis
extremelyunstable&isdestroyedbyputrefaction

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59.Pinpointpupilnotseenin:

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a)Aconite
b)Opium
c)Alcohol
d)Cannabis
e)Organophosphorus

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CorrectAnswer-A:C:D
Ans:a.Aconite,c.Alcohol&d.Cannabis
[RefReddy33rd/6191]
Aconite:Thepupilsalternatelycontract&dilate(hippus),butremain
dilatedinlaterstages.Acutealcoholpoisoning:pupildilated&

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reacting"
Opiumpoisoning:Thepupilsarecontractedtopinpointsize&do
notreacttolightbutdilateduringtheagonalasphyxiaphasecaused
byrespiratorydepression&ultimateparalysis.
Phenothiazines,Resting(deepsleep),Opiates,Narcotics,Stroke

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(pontinehemorrhage),Lomotil(diphenoxylate),Insecticides,
Mushrooms/Muscarinic(inocybe,clitocybe)

---