a)Retinitispigmentosa
b)Fungalkeratitis
c)Episcleritis
d)Bacterialkeartitis
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e)MultiplesclerosisCorrectAnswer-B:D:E
Answer-B,D,E
Hypopyonreferstoaccumulationofpolymorphonuclearleucocytes
inthelowerangleofanteriorchamber.Itisusuallyaccompaniedby
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
rednessoftheconjunctivaandtheunderlyingepisclera.2.Superiorrectuspalsycauses?
a)Hypotropiatosameside
b)Headtilttooppositeside
c)Blapheroptosis
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Diplopiawhilelookingonsamesidee)Hypertropiaonoppositeside
CorrectAnswer-A:B:D
Answer-A,B,D
Muscleparalysed-Superiorrectuspalsy
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Deviationofeye-Infero-medially(left)(Hypotropia)Maximumdiplopiawhilelooking-left(temporal)andsuperiortoleft
eyetotheleft
Headposition-Tiltedtotherightandturned
3.Trueregardingtarsalplateis/are?
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Actsaskeletonforeyelidsb)Widerinuppereyelids
c)HaveMebomianglands
d)Attachedtolateralpalpebralsuperiosisligaments
e)Inferiorplateissemilunarinshape
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-A:B:C:DAnswer-A,B,C,D
Thetarsi(tarsalplates)arelocateddirectlyabovethelidmargins.
Themedialandlateralendsofthetarsiareattachedtotheorbital
rimsbythemedialandlateralpalpebralligaments.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Thesuperiortarsusislargerandwider.Thelowerborderofthesuperiortarsusformstheposteriorlid
margin
Theinferiortarsusisellipticalinform.
TheymaycontainMeibormianglandsandeyelashfollicles.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
4.InFielddefectsseeninpituitaryadenoma
is
a)Bitemporalhemianopia
b)Binasalhemianopia
c)Quadronopian
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Pieintheskye)Amaurosisinoneeye&temporalheminopiainothereye
CorrectAnswer-A:B:C:D
Answer-A,B,C,D
Central(sagittal)chiasmaticiesionsBitemporalhemianopia
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
LateralchiasmaticlesionsBinasalhemianopiaLesiontochiasmaproducesuppertemporalquandaranticvisual
fielddefect(uppertemporalquandarantichemianopia)
Initiallypituiatrylesionscausesvisualfieldinoneofupperquadrant,
itisalsocalled'pieinthesky'.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
5.Advantageofcontinuouscurvilinear
capsulorhexisovercanopenertechnique-
a)Preferredmethodofanteriorcapsulotomyinphaco
emulsification
b)Morechancesofposteriorcapsularopacification
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c)Keepsthenucleusinplaced)Resistsradialtears
e)Helpsinstabilizingandcenteringthelensimplant
CorrectAnswer-A:C:D:E
Answer-A,C,D,E,Preferredmethodofanteriorcapsulotomy
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
inphacoemulsification(C)Keepsthenucleusinplace(D)Resistsradialtears(E)Helpsinstabilizingandcentering
thelensimplant
Can-opener'stechnique.Initanirrigatingcystitome(orsimplya26
gaugeneedle,bentatitstip)isintroducedintotheanteriorchamber
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
andmultiplesmallradialcutsaremadeintheanteriorcapsulefor360degree.
Condnuouscircularcapsulorhexis(CCC)-Recentlythisisthemost
commonlyperformedprocedure.Inthistheanteriorcapsuleistorn
inacircularfashioneitherwiththehelpofanirrigatingbent-needle
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
cystitomeorwithacapsulorrhexisforceps.Can-openercapsulotomycanbeusedwithphacoemulsificotion.
CCCresistsradialtears
CCCstabilizesthenucleus.
CCCalsohelpsstabilizeandcentrethelensimplant.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
6.Trueaboutcomponentofvision2020-
a)Cataractsurgeryshouldbeperformedatprimarylevel
b)Retinalsurgeryshouldbeperformedattertiarylevel
c)Needtodevelop10centreofexcellenceattertiaryleveland
100trainingcentreatadvancedtertiarylevel
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Ophthalmianeonatorumisincludedinchildhoodblindnesse)Primaryvisioncentercoversapopulationof50000
CorrectAnswer-B:D:E
Answer-B,Retinalsurgeryshould...D,Ophthalmia
neonatorum...E,Primaryvisioncenter...
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Attheprimarylevel,thehealthworkerscreensforcataractand,reportsthosewithvisionlessthanalocallydeterminedguideline.
Atthesecondarylevel,cataractsurgeryshouldbeperfomedwith
equalemphasisonthequalityandquantityofsurgery
Atthetertiarylevelliestheprovisionoffacilitiesforsurgical
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
treatmentofcomplicatedcasessuchascongenitalcataract,subluxatedlens,complicatedcataractsandcataractassociatedwith
systemicdiseases.
TheGovernmentofIndiahasadopted'Vision2020:RighttoSight'
under'NationalProgrammeforControlofBlindness'.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Targetdiseasesidentifiedforinterventionunder'Vision2020'initiativeinIndiaincluded-
1. Cataract,
2. Childhoodblindness,
3. Refractiveerrorsandlowvision,
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4. Cornealblindness,5. Diabeticretinopathy,
6. Glaucoma,and
7. Trachoma(focal)
Childhoodblindness-
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Commoncausesofchildhoodblindnessareophthalmianeonatorum,injuries,congenitalcataract.
Eyecareinfrastructuredevelopment-
PrimarylevelVisionCentre:Thereisaneedtodevelop20000vision
centres.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Secondarylevel-secondarylevelpopulatianof500000EachadvancedtertiaryLevelcenterofexcellencewillcatertoa
populationof50millions.
7.TrueaboutNodularepiscleritis-
a)CanbeassociatedwithSLE
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
b)Takelongertimetoresolvethandiffusevarietyc)Moresymptomaticthandiffusetype
d)Painless
e)Elevatedhardnodule
CorrectAnswer-A:B:C:E
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Answer-A,CanbeassociatedwithSLEB,TakelongertimetoresolvethandiffusevarietyC,Moresymptomaticthandiffuse
typeE,Elevatedhardnodule
Thisisabenigninflammatoryaffectationofthedeepsubconjunctival
connectivetissues,includingthesuperficial
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
sclerallamellae,andfrequentlyaffectsbotheyes.Twotypesofpresentationsmayoccur:
1. simpleordiffuseepiscleritis;and
2. nodularepiscleritis.
Innodularepisclerittsacircumscribednoduleofdenseleucocytic
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
infiltrationwhichisishard,tenderandimmovable.Nodularepisleritistendstobemoresymptomaticandtakeslongerto
resolve.
Nodularepiscleritisischaracterizedbyapinkorpurpleflatnodule.
Bothepiscleritisandscleritisaremainlyseeninadultscanbe
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
associatedwithotherconditionssuchasrheumatoidarthritisandsystemiclupuserythematosus(SLE).
Theremaybelittleornopain.
8.Trueaboutphthisisbulbi-
a)Sizeofeyedecreases
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
b)Removedbyenucleationoperationespeciallyifpainfulc)IOPincreasesinlatestage
d)CalcificationmayoccurinBowman'slayerofcornea
e)None
CorrectAnswer-A:B:D
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Answer-A,B,D,Sizeofeyedecreases(B)Removedbyenucleationoperationespeciallyifpainful(D)Calcificationmay
occurinBowman'slayerofcornea
Itisthefinalstageendresultofanyformofchronicuveitis.
Asaresultofittheeyebecomessoft,shrinksandeventually
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
becomesasmallatrophicglobe(phthisisbulbi).Commonlytheretinalpigmentedepitheliummayundergoa
metaplasialeadingtointraocularossification(calcification)inthe
end-stageofphthisisbulbi.
Enucleation+/-prosthesisinsertlonisperformedifthereis
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
associatedchronicpainorforcosmeticreasons.9.Whichtypeofcataractis/areassociated
withMyotonicdystrophy:
a)Posteriorsubcapsular
b)Anteriorsubcapsular
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c)Nuclearcataractd)Corticalcataract
e)Alloftheabove
CorrectAnswer-A
Answer-A.Posteriorsubcapsular
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Myotonlcdystrophyisassociatedwith,posteriorsubcapsulartypeofpresenilecataract.Christmastreecataractistypicallyseeninthis
condition.
10.WhatistheWHOcriteriafordefining
blindness:
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)<3/60visionwithavailablecorrectionb)<6/60visionwithavailablecorrection
c)<3/60visionwithbestcorrection
d)<6/60visionwithbestcorrection
e)<3/60visionwithoutcorrection
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-CAnswer-C.<3/60visionwithbestcorrection
AsperWHO,blindnessisdefinedasVisualacuityoflessthan3/60
inthebettereyewithbestpossiblecorrection.
11.TrueaboutAcanthamoebickeratitis-
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Moreinthosewearingrigidgaspermeablethansoftcontactlensesuser
b)Canoccurasopportunisticinfectioninpatientswithherpetic
keratitis
c)Canbeculturedonnon-nutrientagarenrichedwithE.coli
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Painfulconditione)Radialkerato-neuritismayoccur
CorrectAnswer-B:C:D:E
Answer-B,Canoccurasopportunisticinfection..C,Canbe
culturedonnon-nutrient...D,PainfulconditionE,Radialkerato-
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
neuritismayoccurCornealinfectionwithacanthamoebaresultsfromdirectcorneal
contactwithanymaterialorwatercontaminatedwiththeorganism.
Itsoccurrenceisfrequentlyassociatedwiththewearingofsoft
contactlenses.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Acanthamoebakeratitiscanalsooccurasopportunisticinfectioninpatientswithherpetickeratitis,bacterialkeratitis,bullouskeratopathy
andneuroparalytickeratitis.
Symptoms-
Veryseverepain
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Initiallesionsofacanthamoebakeratitisareintheformfineepithelialandsubepithelialopacities,andradialkerato-neuritis.
Laboratorydiagnosis:Cultureonnon-nutrientagat(E.colienriched)
12.Whichofthefollowingisthefeatureof
sodiumfluoresceinangiography
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
comparedtoindocyaninegreenangiography:
a)Inchoroidalcirculationitpassesfreelyacrosstheendothelium
b)Diffusefreelythroughretinalcapillaries
c)Albuminbindingislessthanindocyaninegreen
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Bind<50%toalbumine)Stimulatedbyalongerwavelengthoflight
CorrectAnswer-A:C
Answer-A,C,Inchoroidalcirculationitpassesfreelyacross
theendothelium(C)Albuminbindingislessthanindocyanine
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
greenUponenteringthecirculation,approximately8O%ofthedye
moleculcsbindtoplasmaproteins.
Indocyaninegreen:bindsprimarily(95%)toalbumin.
Inthechoroidalcirculation,fluoresceinpassesfreelyacrossthe
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
endotheliumofthecapillariestotheextravascularspacesAphysiologicalbarriertothedyepresentsthepassageacross
Bruch'smembraneandtheintactretinalpignentepithelium.
Thefunduscamerahasamechanismtousebluelight(420-49Onm
wavelength)forexcitingthefluoresceinpresentinbloodvessels.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
13.Trueaboutferritinlineineye:
a)Ferry'sLine-cornealepithelialironlineattheedgeoffiltering
blebs
b)StockersLine-Cornealepithelialironlineattheedgeof
pterygium
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c)Hudson-Stahliline-visibleallaroundthebaseofconeinKeratoconus
d)Fleischer'sring:Horizonatlcornealepithelialironlineatthe
inferioronethirdofcorneaduetoaging
e)Coat'swhitering-Aformofirondepositatthelevelof
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Bowman'slayerofcorneaCorrectAnswer-A:B:E
Answer-A,Ferry'sLine-cornealepithelial...B,StockersLine-
Cornealepithelial...E,Coat'swhitering-Aformofirondeposit
...
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Ferry'sLine=cornealepithelialironlineattheedgeoffilteringblebs.
StockersLine-Cornealepithelialironlineattheedgeofpterygium
Hudson-StahilLine=Horizontalcornealepithelialironlineatthe
inferioronethirdofcorneaduetoaging.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Fleischer'sring:VisibleallaroundthebaseofconeinKeratoconusCoat'sring:remnantsofaforeignbody.Theremnantsarefineiron
depositsinthecornea.
14.Cause(s)ofcystoidmacularedemais/are
a)Diabetesmellitus
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b)Aftercataractsurgeryc)Retinitispigmentosa
d)Rheugmatogenousretinaldetachment
e)Pilocarpinedrop
CorrectAnswer-A:B:C
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Answer-A,DiabetesmellitusB,AftercataractsurgeryC,Retinitispigmentosa
Causesofmacularedemaare-
Metabolicalteration:-Diabetes,retinitispigmentosa,Inherited
cystoidmacularedema(CME).
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Ischemia;-CRVO,Diabeticretinopathy,severehypertensiveretinopathy,HELLPsyndrome,vasculitis.
Mechanicalforce:-Vitreoustractiononthemacula.
Inflammation:-Intermediateuveitis,Post-operativeCME,choroidal
inflammatorydiseases.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Pharmacotoxicity:-Epinephrine(inAphakia),Betaxolal,Latanoprost.
15.Whichofthefollowingis/areprimary
glaucoma
a)Infantileglaucoma
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
b)Openangleglaucumac)Steroidinducedglaucoma
d)Aphakicglaucoma
e)Phacogenicglaucoma
CorrectAnswer-A:B
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Answer-A,InfantileglaucomaB,OpenangleglaucumaPrimaryadultglaucomas
Primaryopenangleglaucoma
Primaryangleclosureglaucoma
Primarymixedmechanismglaucoma
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Primarycongenital/developmental(withoutassociatedanomalies):-Congenital,Infantile,Juvenile
16.Trueaboutdischargefromeye
a)Epiphoraisdueexcessivesecretionoftear
b)Mucopurulentdischargeinacuteconjunctivitis
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c)Mucopurulentdischargeinacuteiridocyclitisd)Waterydischargeinacutecongestiveglaucoma
e)None
CorrectAnswer-B:D
Answer-B,Mucopurulentdischargeinacute
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
conjunctivitisD,Waterydischargeinacutecongestiveglaucoma
Acuteconjuctivitis-
Discharge-Mucopurulent
Colouredhalos-Maybepresent
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Acuteiridocylitis-Discharge-Watery
Colouredhalos-Absent
Acutecongestiveglucoma-
Discharge-Watery
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Colouredhalos-PresentObstructiontotheoutflowofnormallysecretedtearsordueto
lacrimalpumpfailure-->Epiphora
Excessivesecretionoftearshyperlacrimation
17.Trueaboutadenovirusconjunctivitis-
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Oneofthemostcommoncauseofviralconjunctivitisb)Itislesscontagiousthanotherviralconjunctivitis
c)Pharyngoconjunctivalfeveriscausedby3&7types
d)Maycausehemorrhagicconjunctivitis
e)Conjunctivalfollicles
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-A:C:D:EAnswer-A,Oneofthemostcommoncauseofviral
conjunctivitisC,Pharyngoconjunctivalfeveriscausedby3&7
typesD,MaycausehemorrhagicconjunctivitisE,Conjunctival
follicles
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Viralconjunctivitisismostfrequentlycausedbyanadenovirus.Pharyngoconjunctivialfever(PCF)iscausedbyadenovirusserovars
3,4and7.
Thespreadofthishighlycontagiousdiseaseisfacilitatedbythe
abilityofviralparticles.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Prominentconjunctivalhyperaemiaandfollicles.Severeinflammationmaybeassociatedwithconjunctival
heamorrhages(usuallypetechialinadenoviralinfection),
Chemosis,membranes(rare)andpseudomembranes.
18.OcularfindingsinvitaminAdeficiency
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Parenchymatousconjunctivalxerosisb)X-2isconjunctivalxerosis
c)Earliestsymptomisnightblindness
d)Conjunctivalxerosisisearliestocularsign
e)All
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-C:DAnswer-C,EarliestsymptomisnightblindnessD,Conjunctival
xerosisisearliestocularsign
ThemostcharacteristicandspecificsignsofvitaminAdeficiency
areeyelesions.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Xerophthalmia(dryeye)Ithasfollowingsequentialstagesnightblindness(earliestocular
symptom),conjunctivalxerosis(earliestocularsign),Bitot'sspot,
cornealxerosisandKeratomalaciawithcornealulcer.
Xerosisofconjunctivareferstoaconditionwheretheconjunctiva
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
becomesdryandlusterless.19.Ectopialentisisassociatedwithallexcept
-
a)Homocystinuria
b)Weil-Marchesanisyndrome
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c)Marfansyndromed)Cockaynesyndrome
e)Osteogenesisimperfecta
CorrectAnswer-D:E
Answer-(D)Cockaynesyndrome(E)Osteogenesisimperfecta
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Morecommon:Marfansyndrome
Homocystinuria
Weil-Marchesanisyndrome
Sulfiteoxidasedeficiency
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Hyperlysinemia20.Unilaterallydilatedpupilisseenin
a)Homer'ssyndrome
b)Adie'spupil
c)ArgyllRoberstonpupil
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)61hCranialnervepalsye)3rdnervepalsy
CorrectAnswer-B:E
Answer-B,Adie'spupilE,3rdnervepalsy
Mydriaticeyedrops(Atropine,scopolamine)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Postganglionicmydriasis(Adie'spupil)Preganglionicmydriasis(3rdnervepalsy)
Acuteangleclosuregloucoma
OcularProsthesis
Trauma:postraumaticiridocyclitis
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Physiologicalanisocor21.Featureofmycoticcornealulcer-
a)Featherymargins
b)Non-sterilehypopyon
c)Satellitelesions
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Ulcerserpense)Deepinvolvement
CorrectAnswer-A:B:C:E
Answer-(A)Featherymargins(B)Non-sterilehypopyon
(C)Satellitelesions(E)Deepinvolvement
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Greyish-whitedrylookingulcerwiththeelevatedrolledoutfeathery&hyphatemargins.
Featheryfingerlikeextensionintosurroundingstromaunderintact
epithelium.
Asterileimmunering(yellowline)ofWesseley.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Multiplesmallsatellitelesions.Non-sterile(infected)hypopyon(Pseudohypopyon)containing
fungus.
Perforationisrareandcornealvascularizationisconspicuously
absent
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
22.Trueaboutfundoscopicfindingis/are
a)Lateralmarginofopticdiscisnormallyblurred
b)Opticdiscishorizontallyoval
c)Lossofspontaneausretinalvenouspulsationisseenin
increasedintracranialtension
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Blurringstartsfromnasalmargininincreasedintracranialtension
e)None
CorrectAnswer-C:D
Answer-C,Lossofspontaneausretinal...D,Blurringstartsfrom
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
nasal...Signsofpapilloedema(increasedintracranialtension)
Blurringorobscurationofdiscmargin(Firstsign).Blurringstartsat
upperandlowernasalmarginsandextendsaroundnasalside,while
temporalmarginislasttoinvolve.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Venousengorgmentandvenouscongestion.Thereisfillingofphysiologicalcupwithgradualobliteration
ofphysiologicalcup.
23.Allaretrueaboutcentralretinalartery
occlusion(CRAO)except
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a)Mostcommonlyoccursduetothromboembolusb)Anteriorchamberparacentesisisusedfortreatment
c)Suddenpainfullossofvision
d)Occursduetoobstructionofretinalarteryattheleveloflamina
cribrosa
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)Macularareashowscherry-redspotCorrectAnswer-C
Answer-C.Suddenpainfullossofvision
Patientnoticessuddenpainlesslossofvision.
Patients'swithapatentcilioretinalarterymayretaincentralvisionas
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
themaculaisspared.Emboliarethemostcommoncauseofretinalarteryocclusion.
Obstructionoccursattheleveloflaminacribrosa.
Thelargerretinalarteriesareconstuictedandlooklikethinthreads
whilethesmallervesselsarescarcelyvisible.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Thefundusappearsmilkywhitebecauseofretinaledema.Thereischerry-redspotatthemacula.
Bloodcolumnwithintheretinalveinsissegmented(Cattletracking)
24.Whichofthefollowingis/aretrueabout
mediallongitudinalfasciculus(MLF)and
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
itslesionexcept-a)Unilaterallesionresultinadductionpalsyofoppositeeye
b)MLFconnectssixthcranialnervenucleusofonesidewiththe
thirdcranialnervenucleusoftheotherside
c)MLFisresponsibleforconjugateeyemovements
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Itisanintegralcomponentofsaccadiceyemovementse)Abductingnystagmusoftheeyecontralateraltothe
CorrectAnswer-A
Answer-A.Unilaterallesionresultinadductionpalsyof
oppositeeye
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Voluntaryhorizontalgazeinonedirectionbeginswiththecontralateralfrontaleyefields
Contralateralparamedianpontinereticularformation(PPRF),which
istheorganizingcenterforlateralgazeinthebrainstem
Medialrectusmuscleweaknessimpsilateraltothesideofthelesion
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
withparesisofadductionoradductionlag.25.Nottrueaboutbluesclera
a)Seeninosteogenesisimpertca
b)DoesnotseeninEhlers-danlossyndrome
c)Bluecolourisproducedbyunderlyinguvealpigment
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d)Seeninmarfan'ssyndromee)Scleraisthin
CorrectAnswer-B
Answer-B.DoesnotseeninEhlers-danlossyndrome
BlueScleraischaracterizedbymarked,generalizedblue
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
discolourationofscleraduetothinning,Theuvealpigmentshinesthroughthethinscleraandproducesthebluecolour.
CausesofblueSclera:
Pseudoxanthomaelasticum
Osteogenesisimperfecta
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Ehlers-DanlossyndromeMarfan'ssyndrome
Alkaptonuria
Hypophosphatasia
Juvenilepaget'sdisease
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
NormalinnewbornsVanderHoeve'ssyndrome
26.Cornealulcerisdefinedas
a)Erosionofepitheliumonly
b)Erosionofendotheliumonly
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c)Erosionofepithelium+underlyinginflammationd)Lossofendotheliumwithlossofcornealsensation
e)None
CorrectAnswer-C
Answer-C.Erosionofepithelium+underlyinginflammation
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Cornealulcerreferstodiscontinuationinnormalepithelialsurfaceofcorneaassociatedwithnecrosisofthesurroundingcornealtissue
27.Whichofthefollowingis/aretrueabout
secondarycataract-
a)Treatmentofthickenedcapsulecanbedonebydiscissionwith
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
cystitomeb)TreatmentbyNd-YAGlaserposteriorcapsulotomy
c)Morecommonafterintracapsularcatractextractionthan
extracapsularcataractextraction
d)Posteriorcapsularopacification(PCO)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)AnteriorsubcapsularcataractCorrectAnswer-A:B:D
Answer-(A)Treatmentofthickenedcapsulecanbedoneby
discissionwithcystitome(B)TreatmentbyNd-YAGlaser
posteriorcapsulotomy(D)Posteriorcapsularopacification
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
(PCO)Opacificationoftheposteriorcapsuleiscausedbypostoperative
proliferationofcellsinthecapsularbagandisthemostcommon
complicationofECCE.
Aftercataract,ifthin,canbeclearedcentrallybyNd:YAGlaser
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
capsulotomy.Discissionwithcystitomeorzeigler'sknifemayalsobeused.
28.Postoperativeendophthalmitisincataract
surgerycanbepreventedbyuseof
a)Pre-operativeoralantibiotics
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
b)Intra-operativeIVantibioticsc)Useofpovidone-iodinesolutiontopaintthelidsbeforesurgery
d)Cleaningandsterilizationofoperationtheatre
e)Postoptopicalantibiotics
CorrectAnswer-C:D:E
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Answer-C,Useofpovidone-iodinesolutiontopaintthelidsbeforesurgeryD,Cleaningandsterilizationofoperation
theatreE,Postoptopicalantibiotics
Thepre-operativetopicalantibioticshouldbestarted3dayspriorto
surgery.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Preferredantibioticsarefourthgenerationfluoroquinolones(gatifloxacin,moxifloxacin).
Thetopicalantisepticpovidoneiodine5%instilledasasingledrop
l0-30minutesbeforesurgeryisoneofthemosteffectivemeasure
todecreasethisbacterialflora.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Methodofprophylaxysisagainstpostoperativeendophthalmitisisbyuseofprovidonesolutionontheskinandinconjunctivalsac.
Post-operativelytopicalantibiotics(eyedrops)aregivenalongwith
steroidsforl0-14days.
29.Whichofthefollowingcanbeophthalmic
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
complicationofDMexcept-a)Papillopathy
b)Snowflakecataract
c)Retinopathy
d)Rhegmatogenousretinaldetachment
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e)CystoidmacularoedemaCorrectAnswer-D
Answer-D.Rhegmatogenousretinaldetachment
Ocularmanifestationsofdiabeticretinopathyare-
1)Non-proliferativediabeticretinopathy(NPDR)-
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MicroaneurysmsRetinalhemorrhage
Retinaledema(Retinalthickening)-macularedema.
2)Proliferativediabeticretinopathy(PDR)
HallmarkofPDRistheoccuranceofneovascularization
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3)DiabeticmaculopathyCataract(Snowflakesnowstorm)
Myopia(whenthereissuddenincreaseinbloodsugarlevel)
Rarelyhypermetropia
Cranialnervepalsy:3rd(mostcommon),4th,5th,7th.
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Diabeticpapillopathy30.Trueaboutinferioropthalmicvein-
a)Smallerthansuperiorophthalmicvein
b)Connectedtothepterygoidvenousplexus
c)Formedatlateralwallandflooroforbit
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d)Passthroughsuperiororbitalfissuree)Emptiesintosuperiorophthalmicvein
CorrectAnswer-A:B:D:E
Answer-(A)Smallerthansuperiorophthalmicvein
(B)Connectedtothepterygoidvenousplexus(D)Passthrough
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superiororbitalfissure(E)Emptiesintosuperiorophthalmicvein
1. Theinferiorophthalamicveinbeginsasavenousnetworknearthe
anteriorpartoforbitalfloornearmedialwalloforbit.
2. ItissmallerthanSuperiorophthalamicvein.
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Dividedintotwobranches-1. Inferiororbitalfissuretojoinpterygoidvenousplexus
2. Superiororbitalfissuretodrainintoeithersuperiorophthalmicvein
orintocavernoussinus.
31.Whichofthefollowingstatement(s)is/are
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trueabouteyelidglands-a)Mollaremodifiedsebaceous
b)Tarsalglandsaremeibomianglands
c)Glandofzeisaresweatgland
d)Meibomianglandsaremodifiedsebaceousglands
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e)ExternalhordeolumisanacutesuppurativeinflammationofglandofZeis
CorrectAnswer-B:D:E
Answer-(B)Tarsalglandsaremeibomianglands(D)Meibomian
glandsaremodifiedsebaceousglands(E)Externalhordeolum
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isanacutesuppurativeinflammationofglandofZeisAneyelidisathinfoldofskinthatcoversandprotectstheanterior
surfaceofeyeball.
Eyelidcontainsmanyglandsas-
1. Meibomianglands-Thesearealsoknownastarsalglands
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2. GlandsofZeis:Thesearesebaceousglands3. GlandsofMoll-Thesearemodifiedsweatglands
4. AccessorylacrimalglandsofWolfring
Stye(Hordeolumexternum)-
Onsetisacute
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EffectedglandisZeis'sglandTypeofinflammationsuppurative
C/F-Acutepainandhardswelling
Treatment-
Hotfomentation,antibiotics
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32.Allaretrueaboutcongenitalptosisexcept
a)Stimulusdeprivationamblyopiamayoccuriftreatmentis
delayed
b)Lidlagondowngaze
c)Prominenceoflidcrease
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d)Lossoflidcreasee)Associatedwithweaknessofthelevatorpalpebraesuperioris
CorrectAnswer-C
Answer-C.Prominenceoflidcrease
Ptosisisdroopingofuppereyelid.
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Congenitalmyogenisptosis-Itisthemostcommontypeofptosis.
Associatedwithcongenitalweaknessoflevatorpalpebraesperioris.
Characterisedbydroopingofeyelidswithabsentlidcreseandlid
lagondowngaze.
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33.Cause(s)ofinMydriasis:
a)Organophosphoruspoisoning
b)Homersyndrome
c)Oculomotornervepalsy
d)Parasympatheticstimulation
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e)AllCorrectAnswer-C
Answer-C.Oculomotornervepalsy
Carbolicacid,Chloralhydrate,Organophosphorus,Morphine
(opiate)and'NewHorn'i.e.neurosyphilis/tabesdorsalis(spinal
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miosisorsmall,irregularArgyllRobertsonpupil)andHorner'ssyndrome,Oculomotornervepalsy.
Atropineandcocainecausemydriasis.
34.Whichofthefollowingis/arenotthe
feature(s)ofcornealulcerduetoherpes
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virus:a)RoseBengalstainingofmarginofulcer
b)Decreasedcornealsensitivity
c)Fluoresceinstainingofflooroftheulcer
d)Ringinfiltration
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e)AllCorrectAnswer-A:B:C
Answer-A,RoseBengalstainingofmarginof
ulcerB,DecreasedcornealsensitivityC,Fluoresceinstainingof
flooroftheulcer
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"Dendriticulcerbasestainswithfluorescein&themarginswithroseBengal.
Fluoresceininstallationilluminatedbybluelightshowsupcorneal
ulcerationatanearlystage.
Thecorneaisrelativelyinsensitive.Insevereforms,dendriticulcers
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develop.35.Trueaboutprimaryopenangleglaucoma:
a)Alsok/aChronicsimpleglaucoma
b)Hypermeteropeasaremorepredisposed
c)Polygenicinheritance
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d)Laseriridotomyisusedfortreatmente)Fundusexaminationrevealslargecup
CorrectAnswer-A:C:E
Answer-(A)Alsok/aChronicsimpleglaucoma(C)Polygenic
inheritance(E)Fundusexaminationrevealslargecup
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Alsoknownaschronicsimpleglaucomaofadultonsetandistypicallycharacterizedbyslowlyprogressiveraisedintraocular
pressure.
Associatedwithcharacteristicopticdisccuppingandspecificvisual
fielddefects.
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Pathogenesis-Heredity:POAGhasapolygenicinheritance.
Age-elderlybetween5thand7thdecades.
Myopesaremorepredisposedthanthenormals.
DiabeticshaveahigherprevalenceofPOAG.
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POAGismoreinhyPertensives.C/F
patientsusuallycomplainoffrequentchangesinpresbyopicglasses.
Patientsdevelopdelayeddarkadaptation.
Fundusexaminationshowlargecup.(0.6ormore)
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Laseriridotomyisusedfortreatmentofprimaryangleclosureglaucoma.
36.Cloudycorneais/areseen:
a)Klinefeltersyndrome
b)Turnersyndrome
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c)Megalocornead)Mucopolysaccharidosis
e)All
CorrectAnswer-D
Answer-D.Mucopolysaccharidosis
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S-SclerocorneaT-Trauma
U-Ulcer
M-Mucopolysaccharidosis
P-Peteranomaly
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ED-Congenitalhereditaryendothelialdystrophy37.Trueaboutiris:
a)Eyecolourisduetorelativenumberofmelanocytes
b)Stromaisresponsibleforpigmentation
c)Sphincterpupillaeissuppliedbyparasympatheticfibres
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d)Dilatorpupillaeissuppliedbysympatheticfibrese)Stromaiscoveredonitsanteriorsurfacebytwolayersof
pigmentedepithelium
CorrectAnswer-A:B:C:E
Answer-A,Eyecolourisduetorelativenumberof
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melanocytesB,StromaisresponsibleforpigmentationC,Sphincterpupillaeissuppliedby
parasympatheticfibresE,Stromaiscoveredonitsanterior
surfacebytwolayersofpigmentedepithelium
Eyecolorisdeterminedbytherelativenumberofmelanocyteinthe
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stromaandofcoursethedensityofmelaningranulesproduced.Irisiscomposedofastromacantainingbranchedconnectivetissue
cells,usuallypigmentedbutlargelyunpigmentedinblueirides.
Thestromaiscoveredonitsposteriorsurfacebytwolayersof
pigmentedepithelium.
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Theirisisrichlysuppliedbysensorynervefibresderivedfromthetrigeminalnerve.
Thesphincterpupillaeissuppliedbyparasympatheticautonomous
secretomotornervefibresderivedfromtheoculomotornerve,while
themotorfibresofthedilatormusclearcdefivedfromthecervical
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sympatheticchain.38.NotfeatureofFuch's
heterochromiciridocyclitis:
a)Whitenodulesontheanteriorsurfaceoftheiris
b)Koppeprecipitatespresentatbackofcornea
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c)Granulomatoustypeoflowgradeanterioruveitisd)Topicalcorticosteroidsareusedfortreatment
e)All
CorrectAnswer-C
Answer-C.Granulomatoustypeoflowgradeanterioruveitis
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Fuchs'heterochromiciridocyclitisisachronicnongranulornatoustypeoflowgradeanterioruveitis.
Thediseaseischaracterisedby:
Heterochromiaofiris,
Diffusestromalirisatrophy,
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FineKPsatbackofcornea,Faintaqueousflare,
Absenceofposteriorsynechiae
Topicalcorticosteroidsareallthatisrequired.
39.Whichofthefollowingvitamindeficiency
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cancausecentrocecalscotoma:a)VitA
b)VitE
c)B6
d)B2
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e)B12CorrectAnswer-E
Answer-E.B12
Fielddefectinvolvingboththemaculaandtheblindspot.
Seeninopticnervedisease.
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TypicalofvitaminB12deficiencyopticneuropathy.Damagetopapillomacularfiberscausesacecocentralscotomamay
developinopticneuritis,nutritionalopticneuropathy,
toxicopticneuropathy,Leber'shereditaryopticneuropathy,and
compressiveopticneuropathy.
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40.Trueaboutelectroretinogram:
a)awave-arisesfromrodsandcones
b)bwave-d/tactivityofbipolarcells
c)b-waveresponseissubnormalinearlycasesofretinitis
pigmentosa
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d)cwave-representingmetabolicactivityofpigmentepithe-liume)BestdiseaseshowsabnormalERG
CorrectAnswer-A:B:C:D
Answer-(A)awave-arisesfromrodsandcones(B)bwave-d/t
activityofbipolarcells(C)b-waveresponseissubnormalin
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earlycasesofretinitispigmentosa(D)cwave-representingmetabolicactivityofpigmentepithe-lium
Thechangesinducedbythestimulationoflightintheresting
potentialoftheeyearemeasuredbyelectroretinography.Itis
extinguishedorabsentincompletefailureoffunctionofrodsand
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cones,e.g.pigmentaryretinaldystrophy,completeocclutionofretinalartery,completeretinaldetachment,advancedsiderosisetc.
1. Negative'a'waverepresenttheactivityinrodsandcones.
2. Positive'b'wavearisesininnerretinallayers.
3. Positive'c'waveisassociatedwiththepigmentaryepithelium
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41.TrueaboutCiliarybody:
a)Itformsaqueoushumour
b)Anteriorsmoothpartiscalledparsplana
c)Ciliaryprocessesarefinger-likeprojectionsfromthepars
plicatapart
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d)Ciliarymuscleshelpinaccommodatione)All
CorrectAnswer-A:C:D
Answer-(A)Itformsaqueoushumour(C)Ciliaryprocessesare
finger-likeprojectionsfromtheparsplicatapart(D)Ciliary
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muscleshelpinaccommodationCiliarybodyisforwardcontinuationofthechoroidatoraserrata.
Itistriangularinshape
TheinnersideofthetriangleisdividedintotwoParts:
1. anteriorpart-palsPlicata(finger-likeciliaryprocesses)
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2. posteriorpart-parsplana(smoothpart)Microscopicstructure-fivelayers
Supraciliarylamina
Stromaoftheciliarybody
Layerofpigmentedepithelium
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Layerofnon-pigmentedepitheliumInternallimitingmembrane
Functionsofciliarybody.
1. Formationofaqueoushumour.
2. Ciliarymuscleshelpinaccommodation
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42.Whichofthefollowingstatement(s)is/are
trueaboutJonesdyetest:
a)Doneforassessmentofepiphora
b)Positivetest-1:primaryhypersecretion
c)Negativetest-1:partialobstructionorfailureoflacrimalpump
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mechanismd)Positivetest-2:failureoflacrimalpumpmechanism
e)Negativetest-2:partialobstruction
CorrectAnswer-A:B:C
Answer-(A)Doneforassessmentofepiphora(B)Positivetest-
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1:primaryhypersecretion(C)Negativetest-1:partialobstructionorfailureoflacrimalpumpmechanism
Jonesdyetestsareofnovalueinthepresenceoftotalobstruction.
Dye-stainedcottonbudindicatesadequatedrainage&primary
hypersecretion
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Unstainedcottonbudindicateseitherapartialobstructionorfailureoflacrimalpumpmechanlsm
Primarytestisnegativeinferiormeatusandlacrimalsyringingis
performed
Negativetestpartialobstruction
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Negativetestindicatespresenceoflacrimalpumpfailure.43.TrueaboutKayser-Fleischerring-
a)Depositionofcopper
b)Depositionofiron
c)FoundinWilsondisease
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d)DepositionunderDescemet'smembraneofthecorneae)None
CorrectAnswer-A:C:D
Answer-(A)Depositionofcopper(C)FoundinWilsondisease
(D)DepositionunderDescemet'smembraneofthecornea
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Kayser-Fleischerringstaketheformofacrescenticrusty-browndiscolorationofthedeepestlayerofthecornea(Descemet
membrane)
Kayser-FleischerringsareasignofWilson'sdisease,whichinvolves
abnormalcopperhandlingbytheliverresultingincopper
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accumulationinthebody.Characterisedbyabnormalitiesofthebasalgangliaofthebrain,liver
cirrhosis,splenomegaly,involuntarymovements,musclerigidity,
psychiatricdisturbances,dystoniaanddysphagia.
44.Ectopialentisis/areassociatedwith:
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a)Homocystinuriab)Alportsyndrome
c)Lowesyndrome
d)Marfansyndrome
e)Sulphiteoxidasedeficiency
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CorrectAnswer-A:D:EAnswer-(A)Homocystinuria(D)Marfansyndrome(E)Sulphite
oxidasedeficiency
Marfansyndrome
Homocystinuria
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Weil-MarchesanisyndromeSulfiteoxidasedeficiency
Hyperlysinemia
45.Trueaboutcongenitalesotropia:
a)Amblyopiamaydevelops
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b)Angleofdeviationisusuallyfixed&largec)Surgeryshouldbedoneafter2year
d)Onsetonlyafter1yearofage
e)Maybeassociatedwithinferiorobliqueoveraction
CorrectAnswer-A:B:E
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Answer-(A)Amblyopiamaydevelops(B)Angleofdeviationisusuallyfixed&large(E)Maybeassociatedwithinferioroblique
overaction
Ageofonset,isusually1-2monthsofage,butoccuranytimein
first6monthsoflife.
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Angleofdeviationisusuallyconstant&fairlylarge.Amblyopiadevelopsin25-40%ofcases
Associationsincludeinferiorobliqueoveractiondissociatedvertical
deviation(DVD).
Treatment-
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Timeofsurgery:Surgeryshouldbedoneb/w6monthsto2years(preferablybefore1yrofage)
46.Periosteumoforbitisstronglyattached
to:
a)Medialwalloforbit
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b)Lateralwalloforbitc)Flooroforbit
d)Roofoforbit
e)Sutureslines
CorrectAnswer-E
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Answer-(E)SutureslinesPeriorbita:Itistheperiostealliningoforbitalwalls.Theperiorbitais
attachedtothesuturelines,fissuresandforaminaoftheorbit.
Posteriorlytheperiorbitaiscontinuouswiththeopticnervesheath.
47.Poorprognosticfactorforretinoblastoma
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includes:a)>4mmsizeoftumour
b)>2mmsizeoftumor
c)Associatedglaucoma
d)Undifferentiatedtumourcells
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e)SclerainvolvementCorrectAnswer-A:C:D:E
Answer-(A)>4mmsizeoftumour(C)Associatedglaucoma
(D)Undifferentiatedtumourcells(E)Sclerainvolvement
(>4mmsizeoftumor)mighthavepoorprognosis
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Childrenwithretinoblastomawhodevelopglaucomatendtohaveaworseprognosis.
Opticnerveinvolvement,undifferentiatedtumourcellsandmassive
choroidalinvasion.
48.TrueaboutA-Vpatternheterotropia
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squint:a)ThetermsAor'V'patternsquintarelabelledwhentheamount
ofdeviationinsquintingeyevariesbymorethan10?and15?,
respectively,betweenupwardanddownwardgaze.
b)ThetermsA!or'V'patternsquintarelabelledwhentheamount
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ofdeviationinsquintingeyevariesbymorethan20?and25?,respectively,betweenupwardanddownwardgaze.
c)Usually,overactionoftheinferiorobliqueorweaknessof
superiorobliqueleadstoaApattern&overactionofthe
superiorobliqueorweaknessofinferiorobliquetoanVpattern
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d)Usually,overactionoftheinferiorobliqueorweaknessofsuperiorobliqueleadstoaVpattern&overactionofthe
superiorobliqueorweaknessofinferiorobliquetoanApattern
e)ObliquemuscledysfunctionisthecommonestcauseofAV
pattern
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
CorrectAnswer-A:D:EAnswer-(A)ThetermsAor'V'patternsquintarelabelledwhen
theamountofdeviationinsquintingeyevariesbymorethan
10?and15?,respectively,betweenupwardanddownwardgaze.
(D)Usually,overactionoftheinferiorobliqueorweaknessof
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
superiorobliqueleadstoaVpattern&overactionofthesuperiorobliqueorweaknessofinferiorobliquetoanApattern
(E)ObliquemuscledysfunctionisthecommonestcauseofAV
pattern
ThetermsKor'V'patternsquintarelabelledwhentheamountof
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
deviationinsquintingeyevariesbymorethandeviationinsquintingeyevariesbymorethan
l0and15,respectively,betweenupwardanddownwardgaze.
Aand'V'esotropia:InAesotropiatheamountofdeviationincreases
inupwardgaznand,decreasesindownwardgaze.
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Thereverseoccursin'V'esotropia.'Aand'V'exotropia:ln"A"exotropiatheamountofdeviation
decreasesinupwardgazearad,increasesindownwardgaze.
Thereverseoccursin'V'exotropia.
49.Trueaboutcongenitalesotropia:
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a)Onsetisonlyafter1yearofageb)Amblyopiamaydevelop
c)Angleofdeviationisusuallyfixed&large
d)Surgeryshoulddoneafter2years
e)None
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CorrectAnswer-B:CAnswer-(B)Amblyopiamaydevelop(C)Angleofdeviationis
usuallyfixed&large
Asarule,thedeviationisequaltoorlargerthan35prismdiopters
(17.5?)Qandiscomitant,measuringroughlythesameinallgaze
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positions,distanceandnear(i.e.large&stableangleofdeviation)Amblyopiadevelopsin25-40%ofcases
Treatment:Surgeryistreatmentofchoice
Timeofsurgery:Surgeryshotldbedoneb/w6monthsto2years
(preferablybefore1yrofage)
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50.Trueaboutlensofeye:
a)Avascular
b)Growthtakesplacethroughoutlife
c)Deriveitsnutritionfromaqueoushumour
d)Transparent
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e)EctodermalinoriginCorrectAnswer-A:B:D:E
Answer-(A)Avascular(B)Growthtakesplacethroughoutlife
(D)Transparent(E)Ectodermalinorigin
Lensisatransparent,bi-convex,crystallinestructure.
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Lenscapsule:Thickestatpre-equatorregion&thinnestattheposteriorpole.
"Thelensgrowinsizecontinuouslythroughoutlife.
Thelensoftheeyeisdevelopedfromathickenedareaofsurface
ectoderm,thelensplacode.
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Sourceofnutrientsupply:Thecrystallinelens,beinganavascularstructure.
51.Featuresofocularischemicsyndrome
includesallexcept:
a)Microaneurysm
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b)Dot&blothaemorrhagec)Morecommoninelderlywomenthanmen
d)Discedema
e)Amaurosisfugax
CorrectAnswer-C:D
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Answer-(C)Morecommoninelderlywomenthanmen(D)Discedema
Ocularischaemicsyndromereferstoarareconditionresultingfrom
chronicocularhypoperfusionsecondarytocarotidarterystenosis.
Riskfactors-malegender,oldage(60-90years)smoking,for
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carotidstanceshypertension,Clinicalfeatures-
Amaurosisfugax
Retinalarteryocclusion
Transientcerebralischaemicattacks
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
UsuallyunilateralPain-ocularorperiorbital
Fundusexaminationmayreveal:
Retinashowmidperipheraldotandblothaemorrhages,
microaneurysmsandcottonwoolspots.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
52.Allareocularemergencyexcept:
a)Eyeinjury
b)Sympatheticophthalmitis
c)Retinalarteryocclusion
d)CRVO
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e)BacterialendophthalmitisCorrectAnswer-D
Answer-(D)CRVO
Comonophthalmicemergenciesare:-
Acutecongestiveglaucoma
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RupturedglobeUlcerativeortraumaticcornealdiseases
Opticneuritis
Hyphema
Endophthalmitis
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AcuteblindnessOrbitalcellulitis
Eyelidorconjunctivallaceration
Centralretinalarterialocclusion(CRAG)
Anteriorlenssubluxation
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Retinaldetachment53.Allaretrueregardingcorneaexcept:
a)Endotheliumhelpinmaintainingdehydratedstate
b)Oxygenismostlyderivedbyepitheliumdirectlyfromtheair
throughtearfilm
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c)Glucosesupplyforcornealmetabolismismainlyderivedfromtheaqueous
d)Cornealthicknessismoreatcenterthanperiphery
e)Richlyvascular
CorrectAnswer-D:E
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Answer-(D)Cornealthicknessismoreatcenterthanperiphery(E)Richlyvascular
Outer&fibrouscoatofEYEBALL.
Transparent,anterior1/6thsegmentofeyeball.
Non-vascular
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Mostoftherefractionineyeoccuratanteriorsurfaceofcornea(air-tearinterface),i.e.,Anteriorsurfaceofcorneaisthemostimportant
refractivestructureofeye.
Themostactivelymetabolisinglayersofthecorneaareepithelium&
endothelium.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
54.Lateralwalloforbitis/areformedby:
a)Lesserwingofsphenoid
b)Frontalprocessofzygomaticbone
c)Greaterwingofsphenoid
d)Lacrimalbone
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e)MaxillaCorrectAnswer-B:C
Answer-(B)Frontalprocessofzygomaticbone(C)Greater
wingofsphenoid
Thelateralwallisthethickestwalloftheorbit,importantbecauseit
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
isthemostexposedsurface,highlyvulnerabletobluntforcetrauma.Anteriorsurfaceofgreaterwingofsphenoid
Orbitalsurfaceoffrontalprocessofzygomaticbone
55.TrueaboutLeberopticneuropathy:
a)X-linkeddisease
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
b)Primarilyaffectsmalec)Discbecomepale&atrophic
d)Transmittedfrommothertochild
e)Mitochondrialinheritance
CorrectAnswer-B:C:D:E
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Answer-(B)Primarilyaffectsmale(C)Discbecomepale&atrophic(D)Transmittedfrommothertochild(E)Mitochondrial
inheritance
Leber'shereditaryopticneuropathyischaracterizedbysequential
subacuteopticneuropathyinmalesaged11-30years.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
TheunderlyinggeneticabnormalityisapointmutationinmitochondrialDNA.
SincemitochondrialDNAisexclusivelyderivedfrommother.
Itischaracterizeedbybilateral,painless,subacutevisualfailurethat
developsduringyoungadultlife.
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Theydevelopblurringaffectingthecentralvisualfieldofoneeye.Visuallossisbilateralatonset.
Laterinatrophicphase,discbecomesatrophicandpale.
56.Riskfactorforcystoidmacularedema
include(s)allexcept:
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a)Hypertensiveretinopathyb)Vitreousloss
c)Diabetesmellitus
d)Cataractsurgeryisanimportantcause
e)Lowerincidencewithintracapsularcataractextractionthan
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
extracapsularcataractextractionCorrectAnswer-E
Answer-E.Lowerincidencewithintracapsularcataract
extractionthanextracapsularcataractextraction
Causesofmacularedemaare-
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Metabolicalteration:-Diabetes,retinitispigmentosa,Inheritedcystoidmacularedema(CME).
Ischemia;-CRVO,Diabeticretinopathy,severehypertensive
retinopathy,HELLPsyndrome,vasculitis.
Mechanicalforce:-Vitreoustractiononthemacula.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Inflammation:-Intermediateuveitis,Post-operativeCME,choroidalinflammatorydiseases.
Pharmacotoxicity:-Epinephrine(inAphakia),Betaxolal,
Latanoprost.
57.Feature(s)ofInfantileglaucomais/are
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except:a)Aniridiamaybeassociated
b)Treatmentincludestrabeculotomy
c)Buphthalmoscanoccur
d)Corneaisthin&clear
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e)MaybeassociatedwithSturge-webersyndromeCorrectAnswer-B
Answer-B.Treatmentincludestrabeculotomy
Congenitalptosisisusuallyaresultofalocalizeddystrophyofthe
levatormuscleinwhichthestriatedmusclefibers
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arereplacedwithfibroustissue.Thelidcreaseisdecreasedorabsent.
Amblyopiamayoccurinchildrenwithptosis.
Ifadroopyeyelidispresentatbirthorwithinthefirstyearoflife,the
conditioniscalledcongenitalptosis.
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Itisassociatedwithcongenitalweakens(maldevelopment)ofthelevatorpalpebraesuperioris(LPS).
Treatmentincludestrabeculotomy.
58.TrueaboutArcussenilis:
a)Fattyinfiltration
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b)Axialcornealdegenerationc)Depositionoccurinstromaofperipheralcornea
d)Amyloiddeposit
e)Involvelimbus
CorrectAnswer-A:C
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Answer-(A)Fattyinfiltration(C)Depositionoccurinstromaofperipheralcornea
Itreferstoananndarlipidinfiltrationofcornealperiphery.
Affectselderlypatients.
Theareasofthecornea&scleranearthelimbus&perivascular
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areasofthescleraareneverinvolvedLipidaccumulationisfoundintheperipheralcornealstroma.
59.Trueaboutmoderateflareuveitis:
a)Categorisedasgrade1+
b)Categorisedasgrade2+
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c)Categorisedasgrade3+d)Hazycornea
e)Clearirisdetail
CorrectAnswer-B:E
Answer-(B)Categorisedasgrade2+(E)Clearirisdetail
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Itisduetoleakageofproteinparticlesintotheaqueoushumourfromdamagedbloodvessels.
Theflareisgradedfrom'0'to+4-
0-noaqueousflare
+1justdetectable
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+2moderateflarewithclearirisdetails+3markedflare
+4intenseflare
60.Trueaboutorbitalrhabdomyosarcoma-
a)Arisefrompleuripotentmesenchymalcell
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b)Originfromskeletalmusclecellc)UsuallyB/1
d)Femalepredisposition
e)Morecommoninchildren
CorrectAnswer-A:E
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Answer-(A)Arisefrompleuripotentmesenchymalcell(E)Morecommoninchildren
Itisahighlymalignanttumouroftheorbitarisingfromthe
extraocularmuscles.
Usuallyoccurringbelowtheageof15years.
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Thetumourcommonlyinvolvesthesuperionasalquadrant.Male:femaleratioof5:3
PrimaryorbitalRMSoriginatesfromprimitivepleuripotential
mesenchymalcells.
61.AllaretrueabouttreatmentofAgerelated
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maculardegenerationexcept:a)Intravitrealanti-VEGFtherapy
b)Laserabalation
c)Photodynamictherapy(PDT)
d)Transpupillarythermotherapy
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e)Prognosisaftertreatmentfornon-exudativevarietyisverygoodCorrectAnswer-E
Answer-E.Prognosisaftertreatmentfornon-exudativevariety
isverygood
Age-relatedmaculardegeneration(ARMD),alsocalledsenile
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maculardegeneration,isabilateraldiseaseofpersonsofolderindividuals.
Treatment-
Roleofdietarysupplementsandantioxidantsinpreventionor
treatmentofARMD.
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Intravitrealanti-VEGFtherapy(Bevacizumab,Ranibizumab,Pegaptanib)isthetreatmentchoice.
Photodynamictherapy(PDT)isthe2ndtreatmentofchoice.
TransPupillarythermotherapy(TTT)withadiodelaser
Doublefrequency&YAG532nmphotocoagulation
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SurgicaltreatmentintheformofsubmacularsurgeryPharmacologicmodulationwithantiangiogenicagent.
62.Causes(s)ofshallowanteriorchamber
is/are:
a)Anteriorsublaxationoflens
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b)PupilblockduetovitreousbulgeafterICCEc)Anteriordislocationoflensinanteriorchamber
d)Aphakia
e)Myopia
CorrectAnswer-A:B
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Answer-(A)Anteriorsublaxationoflens(B)PupilblockduetovitreousbulgeafterICCE
Primarynarrowangleglaucoma
Hypermetropia
Postoperativeshallowanteriorchamber(afterintraocularsurgery
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duetowoundleakorciliochoroidaldetachment).Malignantglaucoma
Anteriorperforations(perforatinginjuriesorperforationofcorneal
ulcer).
Anteriorsubluxationoflens
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Intumescent(swollen)lens63.Trueaboutpigmentaryglaucoma:
a)Morecommoninfemales
b)Morecommoninmyopes
c)Slit-liketransilluminationdefectsinthemidperipheryis
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pathognomonicfeatured)Occurduetocloggingupofthetrabecularmeshwork
e)None
CorrectAnswer-C:D
Answer-(C)Slit-liketransilluminationdefectsinthemid
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peripheryispathognomonicfeature(D)Occurduetocloggingupofthetrabecularmeshwork
Itisatypeofsecondaryopen-angleglaucomawhereincloggingup
ofthetrabecularmeshworkoccursbythepigmentparticles.
Theconditiontypicallyoccursinyoungmyopicmales.
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C/FDepositionofpigmentgranulesiniris,posteriorsurfaceofthe
cornea,trabecularmeshwork,ciliaryzonulesandthecrystalline
lens.
Iristransilluminationshowsradialslit-liketransilluminationdefectsin
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themidperiphery(pathognomonicfeature).64.Uveitisis/areseenasside-effectof
causedby:
a)Latanoprost
b)Moxifloxacin
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c)Cidofovird)Rifabutin
e)All
CorrectAnswer-B:C:D
Answer-(B)Moxifloxacin(C)Cidofovir(D)Rifabutin
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Rostaglandin-AnaloguesbimatoprostandtravoprostRifabutin
Cidofovir
Moxifloxacin
DrugInducedUveitis
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SystemicDrugsTopicalDrugs
1. Ritabutin
2. Bisphosphonales
1. Metipranobol
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3. Sulphonamides2. Miolics
4. DielhylcarbanrklZine
3. Proslaglandirts
5. Cidolovir
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IntracameralDrugs1. Gicobvir
2. Aniibidics
3. Lfrakhase
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Vaccines