Download MBBS Surface Anatomy of Lungs Lecture PPT

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SURFACE ANATOMY
OF LUNGS

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SURFACE ANATOMY OF THORAX

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Mark the following points
1.Rightsternoclavicular joint 2.Midpoint of sternal
angle 3.Midpoint of xiphistrnal joint

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This forms anterior margin of right pleural
sac(costo mediastinal reflecton)
#An arched line convex upwards lying above
medial one third of clavicle ,the summit 2.5cm
above clavicle marks the dome of pleura

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RIGHT PLEURAL MARKINGS

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#A Curved line drawn around anterior , lateral`and
posterior aspect of thorax , convex downwards

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passing through 8th rib in mid clavicular line,10th
rib in mid axillary line and a point 2cms right of
midline at T12 level ark the inferior margin of
pleural sac
# A line drawn on back 2 cms from midline between

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C7 and T12 vertebrae marks the posterior margin
RIGHT PLEURAL MARKINGS

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LUNGS , PLEURA AND
FISSURES(ANTERIOR VIEW)

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Dome of pleura , posterior and inferior margin are

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represented by the same lines as those on the right side.
ANTERIOR MARGIN
#MARK 1.Lt sternoc-lavicular joint
2.Midpoint of sternal angle
3.Mid sternum at the level of 4th costal cartilage

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From mid sternum draw a line downwards and laterally to
reach lateral margin of sternum and toward 6th costal
cartilage 3cms from midline.
LEFT PLEURAL MARKINGS

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BORDERS
RIGHT
OF LUNGS

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#Apex of lungs ?cervical pleura
#Anterior border of Rt lung-
costomediastinal reflection of
pleura
#Inferior border-curved line lying

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above the costo diaphragmatic
reflection of pleura(6th rib in
midclavicular line, 8th rib in
midaxillary line.
#Posterior-T10 spine(2cms

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lateral to midline)

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LEFT
#Upper part of anterior border upto 4 th costal cartilage
follows the pleura

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#Below , due to the deep cardiac notch the border passes
from midline sharply to the left and downwards so that
at the level of 5th costal cartilage , it is about 3.5cm lateral
to sternal margin and then curves downwards and
medially to reach 6 th costal cartilage at about 4 cms

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from medial plane.
#Inferior border and posterior border same as that of right
lung

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POSTERIOR ASPECT OF TRUNK

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RIGHT LATERAL ASPECT OF TRUNK

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OBLIQUE FISSURE

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#During the life fissure begins
posteriorly on the posterior
border of lung 2cms from
midline at the level of T5
#It passes anteroinferiorly in a

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spiral course to meet the
inferior margin at 6th costo
chondral junction.
#After death due to the collapse
, and diaphragm elevation

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upper end of oblique fissure-
T3 in a cadaver.

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HORIZONTAL
FISSURE

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#Right lung-Anterior
margin at the level of 4th
costal cartilage passing
backwards to meet
oblique fissure in mid

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axillary line plane

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#The multitude of small airways within the

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lung parenchyma has a very large
combined surface area-over 300 cmsq in
the 3rd generation respiratory bronchioles.
#Gas transport occurs largley by diffusion
in the final segments.

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BRONCHOPULMONARY
SEGMENTS

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Each lobe is composed by two or more broncho-
pulmonary segments that are supplied by main
branches of each lobar bronchus

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Bronchopulmonary segments are the well
defined anatomical ,functional and
surgical units of lung

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Charecteristics features
Pyramidal in shape,apex directed towards
hilum,base towards surface of lungs
It is aerated by segmental bronchus
Each segment has its own

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artery,segmental branch of pulmonary
artery

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Each segmnt has its own lymphatic
drainage and autonomic supply

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CLINICAL CORRELATION
Segmental resection of lungs-consevative
lung surgery

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RIGHT
LEFT
#Upper Lobe
#Upper lobe
1.Anterior 2.Posterior

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1.Anterior
3.Apical
2.Apical
#Middle lobe
3.Posterior

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1.Lateral 2.Medial
4.Lingular
#Lower Lobe
1.Apical
#Lower lobe

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2.Posterior basal
1.Apical
3.Lateral basal
2.Posterior basal
4.Anterior basal

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3.Lateral basal
5.Medial basal
4.Anterior basal
BRONCHO PULMONARY SEGMENTS

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