Download VNSGU (Veer Narmad South Gujarat University) MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) First Year Regional Anatomy Syllabus
F.Y. M.B.B.S.
B) Regional Anatomy
I) UPPER LIMB
REGIONS : Mammary gland, Axilla, Cubital fossa, Fascial spaces of the
hand Relations and functional importance of individual structures,
Dupuytren's contracture, Hand as a functional unit ? grips, Nerve injury,
carpal tunnel syndrome, Clavipectoral fascia; Salient features about
carpals;
ARTHROLOGY
Shoulder girdle;
Shoulder joint ;
Elbow ;
Radioulnar
joints; Wrist; Carpometacarpal joint of thumb; Bones taking part
Classification of joints, Movement with muscles causing movements,
midcarpal joint, metacarpophalangeal joints, interphalangeal joints Fall
on the outstretched hand
Level 2Axilla: Collaterals Lymph nodes (breast) Axillary sheath cervico-
axillary canal, Abscess drainage, Palm: comparative anatomy (thumb,
palmaris brevis), position of rest and of function, collaterals, Fascial
spaces: Surgical significance
OSTEOLOGY
Identification; Anatomical position; Parts; Joints formed; Development;
identification of individual carpals in and articulated hand)
Clavicle: Line of force transmission, commonest site of fracture
Humerus: fractures - Colles' fracture, Smith's fracture
Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges: Carpal tunnel syndrome,
fracture scaphoid Surgical approaches, Subluxation of head of radius,
carrying angle
MYOLOGY:
Muscles of upper limb, attachment, Nerve supply, Actions Applied
aspects: Volkmann's ischaemic contracture Quadrangular and triangular
spaces, Triangle of auscultation
ANGIOLOGY: Axillary, Brachial, Radial, Ulnar Arteries, veins,
lymphatics Commencement, Termination, Main area of distribution and
drainage, Anastomosis ? Applied aspects, Artery : Damage to vessels,
Raynaud's disease, Veins: Thrombosis, Lymphatics: Lymphangitis (red
streaks), lymphadenitis,
NEUROLOGY:
A. Nerves
Axillary, median, ulnar, musculocutaneous, radial, Origin, course,
distribution, Root value
B. Plexus: Brachial
Applied aspects: Nerve injury at various sites - Tendon reflex - Winging
of scapula, Erb's palsy, Klumpke's palsy, Crutch palsy, ulnar paradox
II) LOWER LIMB
REGION:
boundaries, major contents; Gluteal, femoral
triangle;
Adductor canal, compartments of thigh, leg; Popliteal
fossa, Adductor canal , Sole, Arches of foot,; Gluteal IM injections
Femoral hernia blood supply to head of femur; Fracture neck of femur,
mechanics movement of joints; hip and knee, Trendelenburg test; Knee
joint : derangement, injuries to cruciate ligaments, menisci; (tear - bucket
handle type); Ankle : Sprain mechanism of venous return, varicose veins
Applied aspects of Adductor canal, popliteal aneurysms
OSTEOLOGY: Identification, region, anatomical position; parts, joints
formed, For tarsals - identification of individual tarsals in an articulated
foot.
Level 2
Applied aspects: Bony specialization for bipeds, walking and
transmission of weight, Fracture, femoral torsion, neck shaft angle, bone
grafts
ARTHROLOGY
Hip, knee, ankle, subtalar, Tibiofibular Hip joint : dislocation, congenital,
traumatic, surgical approaches to joints (anatomical basis), traumatic
effusion, bursitis
MYOLOGY
Attachments, nerve supply, actions of: Muscles of lower limb calf pump,
antigravity muscles
ANGIOLOGY
Artery: Femoral, profunda femoris, popliteal, dorsalis pedis,
Commencement, termination, main area of supply, course, relations &
applied
Vein: Venous drainage of lower limb, long and short saphenous veins,
Communication and valves. Varicose Lymphatics: Inguinal group of
lymph nodes
Lever 2 :intermittent claudication, clinical significance of anastomosis:
around knee, venous thrombosis
NEUROLOGY
a. Plexus: Lumbar and sacral, Location, Formation, Distribution
b. Nerves: Root value of sciatic, femoral, obturator, tibial, common
peroneal nerves; Origin, course, distribution; sciatica, foot drop
Level 2 :Pes cavus, equinovarus, clawing of toes
III) ABDOMEN
i) ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL
Rectus sheath, quadrants and regions, Testes, epididymis, spermatic cord,
scrotum
Level 2: Surgical incisions of abdomen types of inguinal herniae
Peritoneum, Lesser Omentum, Omental Bursa, Epiploic Foramen, Testes
Morphology, blood supply, lymphatic drainage
25. SPERMATIC CORD
Definition, beginning, end, course and contents, coverings, vasectomy
ii)
Abdominal organs :
Morphology relations blood supply, lymphatics nerve supply & applied
Anatomy of following organs
STOMACH, SPLEEN, LIVER:,BILIARY APPARATUS,
PANCREAS, SMALL INTESTINE,LARGE INTESTINE AND
VERMIFORM APPENDIX,KIDNEYS, URETERS,SUPRARENAL
GLANDS
Level 2: peptic ulcer ,Splenic circulation, splenic vascular segments,liver,
biopsy, Support of liver,Gall stones ,Duct system of pancreas ,Surgical
approach to kidney , stones (Renal), Ureter,Sites of constrictions,
Hydronephrosis, pheochromocytoma
Level 3: Gastroscopy, Achlorhydria, Splenectomy, Liver transplant,
Pancreatitis, diabetes, Renal transplant, Stones in ureter, Cushing's
disease
iii)
Pelvic Viscera :-
Morphology, relations, blood supply nerve supply & applied anatomy
URINARY BLADDER & URETHRA, UTERUS, OVARIES AND
UTERINE TUBES, PROSTATE, RECTUM AND ANAL CANAL,
UROGENITAL DIAPHRAGM (UGD)
Level 2: Supports and micturition, stones in bladder ,Ovarian cyst,
enlargement complications, Fistula, Fissure, piles
Level 3: cystoscopy, Hysterectomy,cancer, Supports of rectum
iv) Perineum ? Ischiorectal fossa, pudendal canal, perianal spaces
Urogenital diaphragm, male urethra, penis ? perineal pouches
Level 2: Ischiorectal hernia
v) MYOLOGY
Anterior abdominal wall, Rectus sheath, Psoas major, Quadratus
lumborum, Thoracoabdominal diaphragm, pelvic diaphragm,
Thoracolumbar fascia, perineal spaces & muscles
Level 3: Psoas abscess
vi) OSTEOLOGY
Level 2: Pelvis - types
(various diameters), lumbar vertebrae, anatomical basis of disc prolapse,
nerve compression
Level 3: Sacralization, Lumbarization
ARTHROLOGY
Movements of lumbar vertebrae, lumbosacral, sacroiliac, sacrococcygeal
joints
vii) ANGIOLOGY :-
Origin, course, termination, relations, branches & applied anatomy
of
PORTAL VEIN
Level 2: portasystemic communications
Level 3: Portasystemic communications in detail; Development
INFERIOR VENA CAVA,ABDOMINAL AORTA,INTERNAL ILIAC
ARTERY
viii) NEUROLOGY, LUMBAR PLEXUS, SACRAL PLEXUS
IV) THORAX
i) THORACIC WALL,THORACIC INLET
Boundaries and contents
THORACIC OUTLET, Boundaries and contents, major openings and levels,
Typical intercostal space, Boundaries and contents, muscles Atypical
intercostal space, Movements of respiration
Level 2: importance and minor openings in outlet, Accessory muscles of
respiration
Level 3: Applied aspects: Barrel chest, pectus excavatum, rickety rosary
ii) MEDIASTINUM
Divisions and major contents
Level 2: Mediastinitis, mediastinoscopy
SUPERIOR AND POSTERIOR MEDIASTINA, LIST OF STRUCTURES
Boundaries and contents:
Level 2 : Superior mediastinal Syndrome, Course, relation and branches /
area of drainage
Level 3: Coarctation of aorta, aneurysm, developmental anomalies
iii)PLEURA
Pleural reflections, recesses, innervation
Level 2: importance of recesses
Level 3: pleural effusion
LUNGS
Gross description including lobes, fissures and bronchopulmonary segments
Level 2: relations, blood supply, nerve supply
Level 3: Postural drainage, surgical importance, of bronchopulmonary
segments, foreign body inhalation
iv)PERICARDIUM & HEART
Divisions of pericardium and sinuses
Level 2: referred pain
Level 3: Pericardial effusion
HEART
Anatomical position, location, surfaces and borders, interior of all chambers,
conducting system of heart; vessels of heart
Level 2: Relations, nerve supply - foramen ovale, patent IV septum, over-
riding aorta, referred pain, functional end arteries - coronaries
Level 3: PDA, Fallot's tetralogy, etc.
v)OSTEOLOGY
IDENTIFICATION and parts of VERTEBRAE , RIBS - and STERNUM
Level 2: Identification of T1, T9, T10, T11, T12, vertebrae and atypical ribs
- 1, 2, 11, 12. relations, attachments, ossification
Level 3: Fracture ribs, flail chest, compression fracture of vertebra
V) HEAD-FACE NECK
i) REGIONS AND ORGANS, FASCIAE OF THE NECK
TRIANGLES OF NECK
Level 2 Spaces and spread of infections, axillary sheath , Relations of
contents, Damage to accessory nerve, sialogram, approach to gland,
bidigital palpation of submandibular gland,Dangerous area of face, squint
Level 3: surgical neck incisions, external jugular vein - air embolism, LN
biopsy, JVP, pulse, Frey's syndrome
GLANDS
Thyroid, Parathyroid, Parotid, Submandibular, sublingual, Pituitary
Morphology, capsule, relations, nerve supply, blood supply
FACE
Muscles, nerve supply - blood supply
SCALP,PALATE,TONGUE,LARYNX, PHARYNX, ORBIT,
EYEBALL,STYLOID APPARATUS,NASAL CAVITY,
EAR,INTERNAL EAR,MIDDLE EAR,EXTERNAL EAR,MENINGES
ii) OSTEOLOGY
Identification, anatomical position, parts, foramina in the skull, structures
passing through them, norma basalis, verticalis, frontalis, lateralis,
occipitalis and interior of cranial cavity
Foetal skull; Mandible: Age changes
Level 2: Fontanelles, Dental formula
Level 3: Fractures of the skull, Age of dentition, cervical rib, disc
herniation
iii) ARTHROLOGY
TM JOINT
Level 2: Dislocation
iv) MYOLOGY
Sternomastoid, Digastric, Mylohyoid, Hyoglossus, Muscles of facial
expression, mastication, larynx, pharynx, tongue, palate and, Extra-ocular
muscles
Level 2 Relations, development
Level 3 facial nerve palsy
v) ANGIOLOGY
ARTERIES
Origin, parts, course, relations, branches of:
Subclavian, Internal carotid, External carotid, Vertebral, Lingual, Facial,
Maxillary
Level 2: Sub-branches, distributions
Level 3: Subclavian steal syndrome, Subclavian-axillary anastomosis
VEINS
External and internal Jugular veins, venous drainage of face
VENOUS SINUSES
Names, locations, drainage, classification
EMISSARY VEINS, CAVERNOUS SINUS, LYMPHATIC
DRAINAGE OF HEAD FACE NECK
vi) NEUROLOGY
Cranial nerves,Nucleus, course, relations, branches, distribution, reflex
pathways & applied anatomy, PLEXUS:
Cervical, Brachial,
PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA, CERVICAL SYMPATHETIC CHAIN
VI) NEUROANATOMY
i) SPINAL CORD
Gross features: Extent (child / adult), enlargements, conus medullaris,
filum terminale, spinal meninges Tracts Ascending and Descending
Level 2: Spinal segments, vertebral correlation, significance of
enlargements nuclei of grey matter at upper & lower cervical, mid-
thoracic, Lumbar & sacral levels Clinical correlation of lesions
Level 3: anomalies,lamination, syringomyelia, PID, tumours, TB, trauma,
dislocation, myelography
ii) MEDULLA OBLONGATA
Gross features: Motor decussation: Sensory decussation: Inferior
olivary nucleus Cranial nerve nuclei
Level 2: Tuber cinereum, pontobulbar body, Order of neurons, Details of
nuclei and organisation of white matter
Level 3: medullary syndromes-Bulbar palsy, increased ICT, Arnold-
Chiari malformation,
iii) PONS
Cross sections at the level of:
Facial colliculus, Trigeminal nucleus
General features: Peduncles, Floor of the fourth ventricle
Level 2: Relations
Level 3: Tumours, pontine haemorrhage
iv) CEREBELLUM
Gross features: Division, Lobes, relations, internal structure -
Level 2: connections of,cerebellar cortex and intracerebellar nuclei,
white matter classification, Purkinje neuron,
Level 3: dysfunction,-dysequilibrium, ataxia, hypotonia
Nuclei: Names of nuclei and important connections
Peduncles : Important tracts in the peduncles
Functions : Of archicerebellum, paleocerebellum & neocerebellum
v) MIDBRAIN
General features :
relations, contents of interpeduncular cistern, connections of red nucleus
Level 2: Weber's syndrome, Benedikt's syndrome
Level 1 :T.S. at inferior colliculus, TS at superior colliculus
vi) CEREBRUM
CORTEX, WHITE MATTER, BASAL NUCLEI, LIMBIC LOBE
Surfaces, borders, major sulci, gyri, poles, lobes, major functional areas,
interior - gray and white matter
Gray - cortex - granular / agranular, striate, Basal nuclei - names, White
matter - classification with examples; Components of limbic lobe
Level 2: handedness, Connections of limbic lobe
vii) DIENCEPHALON
Dorsal thalamus Epithalamus Metathalamus Hypothalamus Subthalamus
Boundaries, parts, relations (gross), cavity, major nuclei, gross
connections
viii) VENTRICULAR SYSTEM
Parts, boundaries, foramina, correlation with parts of brain
Level 2: Choroid fissure, recesses, Queckenstedt's test
Level 3: Hydrocephalus, VA shunt
ix) BLOOD SUPPLY OF BRAIN
Circle of Willis, subarachnoid space, arteries, veins
Level 2: blood brain barrier, Hemiplegia
Level3: End arteries, CSF formation
x) MENINGES
Cerebral and spinal meninges, folds of dura, contents of subarachnoid
spaces, arachnoid villi and granulations, direction of flow of CSF, lumbar
puncture Cisterns, Definition, terminology, cisterna magna
Level 2: cisternal puncture, Queckensted's test, vertebral venous plexus,
choroid plexus
Extracerebral and intracerebral communication, CSF block,
Level 3: Epidural space
This post was last modified on 13 August 2021