Download VNSGU (Veer Narmad South Gujarat University) MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) First Year Human Biochemistry Syllabus
There shall be at least four examiners. Out of whom not less than 50% must be
an external examiners. Of the four examiners, the senior most internal examiner will act
as Chairman/Convenor. The Chairman will make distribution of . Practical & viva-voce,
so that all examiners will examine each candidate.
Theory.
Paper I.
50 marks.
Paper II.
50 marks.
____________
TOTAL 100 marks.
Theory ? viva.
20 marks
( paper I & II ? 10 marks each.)
Practical :
Q.1. Quantitative.
20 marks.
Q.2. Qualitative/Quantitative.
15 marks.
Q.3. Spotting.
5 marks.
-------------------
Total
40 marks.
Internal assessment
Theory
20 marks.
Practical 20 marks.
---------------------
Total 40 marks.
Standard of passing : A candidate must obtain 50% in aggregate with Minimum of 50%
in theory & Minimum of 50% in practical & minimum of 50% in Internal Assessment.
DETAILS OF SYLLABUS FOR HUMAN BIOCHEMISTRY.
Structural formulae are not obligatory.
Must know:
1. Chemistry of carbohydrates: classification and biochemical importance, chemistry
and functions of monosaccharides(excluding isomerism), disaccharides and
polysaccharides including Glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides).
2. Chemistry of Lipids: classification and biological importance of triacyl glycerol,
phospholipids, glycolipids, fatty acids (PUFA), prostaglandin, steroids and
lipoproteins.
3. Chemistry of proteins: general nature of amino acids, various ways of classification
of amino acids, biologically important peptides, classification, properties and
biological importance of proteins. Structural organization of proteins, Plasma
proteins-functions, clinical significance of various fractions, methods of separation
(only principle).
4. Enzymes : General nature, classification of enzymes, specificity
and mode of action of enzymes, factors affecting enzyme activity.
Enzyme inhibitions (Kinetic not required).Clinical importance
(Diagnostic, therapeutic and as a Laboratory reagent ) of enzymes
and isoenzymes.
5. Biological oxidation: General concept of oxidation and reduction.
Role of enzymes and co-enzymes. Electron transport chain.
Substrate level and Oxidative phosphorylation, Role of uncouplers
and inhibitors.
6. Haemoglobin: Chemistry and functions of haemoglobin . Types of
normal and abnormal hemoglobins.(HbS, M,Thalassemia).
Haemoglobin derivatives.
7. Vitamins: General nature, classification, sources,active forms
and metabolic role, deficiency manifestations, daily requirement
and hypervitaminosis.
8. Nutrition: Balance diet for normal adult, Quality of dietary protein,
SDA, protein energy malnutrition ( Kwashiorkor and Marasmus).
9. Carbohydrate Metabolism: Biochemical aspects of digestion and
absorption of carbohydrates. Synthesis and break down of
glycogen, Glycolysis, Rapoport Lumbering cycle, Citric acid cycle,
Gluconeogenesis, HMP shunt pathway and its biological
significance,Uric acid pathway (significance only). Metabolism of
Galactose and Galactosemia. Blood sugar level and its regulation,
oral GTT and glycosuria, Biochemistry of diabetes mellitus.
10. Protein Metabolism: Biochemical aspects of digestion and
absorption of proteins. Fate of amino acid in the body
(Deamination, Transmination, Transdeamination,Decarboxylation),
Fates of ammonia (Urea cycle, glutamine formation), Metabolism
of aromatic and sulphur containing amino acids and their inborn
errors. Metabolism of Glycine.
11. Lipid Metabolism: Biochemical aspects of digestion and absorption of Lipids. Beta
oxidation, biosynthesis of saturated fatty acids only, cholesterol biosynthesis,
transport (role of HDL & LDL) Excretion, Ketogenesis, Ketolysis and Ketosis.
Adipose tissue metabolism, Lipolysis and re-esterification, fatty liver and
atherosclerosis.
12. Chemistry and Metabolism of purines:, nucleosides, nucleotides. Biologically
important free nucleotides, Biosynthesis of purines(sources of ring & regulatory
steps only, conversion of IMP to GMP & AMP) and salvage pathway, Biosynthesis
of pyrimidines, Breakdown of purines and pyrimidines, Gout, Lesch- Nyhan
Syndrome
13. Metabolic interrelationship of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins metabolism.
14. Hormones : General characteristics and Mechanism of hormone action. cAMP the
second messenger, phosphotidyl inositol /calcium system as second messenger.
15. Chemistry of nucleic acids: structure and function of DNA and RNA, Genetic code,
DNA Replication, Transcription, Translation, chain initiation, chain elongation ,
chain termination, Inhibitors of protein biosynthesis.
16. Molecular Mechanism of gene expression and regulation 1) Lac-
operon model, Mutations.
17. Mineral Metabolism : Study of (i) Calcium and phosphorous (ii)
sodium, potassium & chloride; (iii) magnesium, copper & iodine;
(iv) Iron, (v) manganese, selenium, zinc & fluoride. Their importance
in body in brief.
18 Water and electrolyte balance and imbalance.
19. Acid base balance and imbalance.
20 Haemoglobin Metabolism : Synthesis and break down of
haemoglobin, porphyria (in brief), Fate of bilirubin, different types
of Jaundice.
21 Function tests: (i) Liver function tests, (ii) Kidney function tests &
(iii) Thyroid function tests.
22 Detoxication mechanisms: (Bio- transformation) oxidation,
reduction, conjugation, hydrolysis.
Desirable to know :
1. Introduction of Biochemistry as a basic science for the study of medicine,
It's importance in clinical practice.
2. Molecular and functional organization of a cell and its subcellular
components.
3. Genetic engineering : Recombinant DNA , Restriction endonuclease,
Chimeric molecule, and Gene library. Applications of recombinant DNA
technology in relation to medicine.
4. Molecular concept of body defence and their applications:
i) Immunoglobulins- structure & functions, ii) Free radicals, enzymatic
and non-enzymatic antioxidants .
5. Radioisotopes : Uses of radioisotopes (therapeutic, diagnostic) and
hazards.
6. Metabolic changes during starvation.
Nice to know :
1. Environmental Biochemistry: Definition, chemical stress, air & water
pollution.
2. Biochemistry of cancer : carcinogens, and outline mechanism of
carcinogenesis.
TOPICS OF THE LECTURES AND APPROXIMATE NUMBER OF
LECTURES, HUMAN BIOCHEMISTRY - FIRST PHASE- M.B.B.S.
Lectures.
1. Introduction to Biochemistry, Cell structure and function.
1
2. Chemistry of Carbohydrates.
4
3. Chemistry of Proteins.
4
4. Chemistry of Lipids.
4
5. Chemistry of Nucleo proteins.
2
6. Enzymes.
6
7. Biological oxidation.
2
8. Chemistry and functions of Haemoglobin; abnormal haemoglobin.
2
9. Carbohydrate Metabolism.
6
10. Protein Metabolism.
6
11. Lipid Metabolism.
6
12. Integration of metabolism and metabolic changes during starvation.
2
13. Mechanism of hormones action.
1
14. Vitamins (Fat & Water soluble)
6
15. Nutrition.
2
16. Purines and Pyrimidine metabolism.
2
17. Chemistry and functions of Nucleic acids.;
5
Protein biosynthesis, Gene expression,mutations.
18. Genetic engineering and it applications.
2
19. Biochemistry of cancer.
1
20. Radioisotopes.
1
21. Haemoglobin metabolism, liver function tests,Detoxification mechanisms.
3
22. Kidney function tests,Thyroid function tests
2
23. Mineral Metabolism.
4
24. Water and Electrolyte Balance.
2
25. Acid base balance,
2
26. Environmental Biochemistry.
1
27. Molecular concept of body defence.
2
This post was last modified on 13 August 2021