Download VNSGU (Veer Narmad South Gujarat University) MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) Second Year (2nd Year) Forensic medicine and Medical jurisprudence
Sequential organisation of contents & their division
Topic wise distribution
The course is designed to meet the needs of a General Practitioner and includes the following
topics:
1.
Forensic Medicine
40 Hrs
2.
Toxicology
20 Hrs
3.
Medical Jurisprudence
12 Hrs
4.
Legal Procedures in Medico-Legal cases
08 Hrs
5.
Court attendance when medical
evidence
is
being
recorded
04
Hrs
6.
Integrated approach towards
allied
disciplines
06
Hrs
7.
Tutorial
and
Seminars
10
Hrs
Total: 100 Hrs
Part ? 1 Forensic Medicine: (N=40)
Contents & division
Note: Must Know (MK), Desirable to Know (DK) and `*' is Nice to Know (NK)
A) DEFINITION, SCOPE RELEVANT TO SUBJECT
1. History of Forensic Medicine
2. Need, Scope, Importance and probative value of Medical evidence in Crime
Investigation
B) PERSONAL IDENTITY NEED AND ITS IMPORTANCE.
1. Data useful for Identification of Living and Dead
2. Age estimation and its medico-legal Importance
3. Sex determination and it's medico-legal importance
4. Other methods of establishing identity: Corpus Delicti, Dactylography, Tattoo marks,
Deformities, Scars and other relevant factors
5. Identification of decomposed, Mutilated bodies and skeletal remains
6. Medico legal aspect of *DNA fingerprinting - a brief introduction
7. Medico - legal aspect of blood and blood stains
Collection, Preservation and Dispatch of Specimen for Blood and other ancillary
material for identification and Medico-legal examination
C) MECHANICAL
INJURIES
AND
BURNS
1. Definition and classification of injuries: Abrasions, Contusions, Lacerations, Incised and
Stab injury, Firearm and Explosion injury, Fabricated and Defence injury
2. Medico-legal aspect of injury/hurt, simple and grievous hurts, murder, Ante -mortem,
Postmortem Wounds, Age of the injury, cause of death and relevant sections of I.P.C.,
Cr.P.C.
3. Causative Weapon and appearance of Suicidal, Accidental and Homicidal injuries
4. Physical methods of Torture and their identification
5. Reporting on Medico-legal cases of Hurts
6. Regional injuries: Head injury, cut throat injuries and Road traffic accident injuries
7. Thermal injuries: Injuries due to heat and cold, Frostbite, Burns, Scalds and Bride
burning
8. Injuries due to Electricity, Lightening
Collection, Preservation and Dispatch of Specimen for Blood and other ancillary
material for Medico-legal examination
D) MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECTS OF SEX, MARRIAGE AND INFANT DEATH
1. Sexual Offences and perversions: Natural (Rape, Adultery, and Incest), Unnatural
(Sodomy, Bestiality and Buccal coitus) Lesbianism, perversions and relevant sections of
I.P.C. and Cr.P.C.
2. Fertility, Impotence, Sterility, Virginity, and Nullity of marriage and divorce on Medical
ground
3. Pregnancy, Delivery, Paternity, Legitimacy, Artificial Insemination, *Fertilisation in
Vitro, *Sterilization (Family Planning Measures)
4. Abortions, Medical Termination of pregnancy, criminal abortions, Battered Baby
Syndrome, Cot deaths and relevant sections of I.P.C. and Cr.P.C., M.T.P. Act of 1971
and foetal sex determination Act
5. Infant death (Infanticide)
i. Definition Causes, Manners and Autopsy features
ii. Determination of age of Foetus and Infant
iii. Signs of live-born, stillborn and dead born child
Collection, Preservation and Dispatch of Specimen: Hair, seminal fluid/ stains and other
ancillary material for medico-legal examination, examination of seminal stains and
vaginal swabs
E) MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECTS OF DEATH
1. Definition and concept of death, stages, modes, Signs of death and its importance
2. Changes after death, Cooling, Hypostasis, Changes in eye, Muscle changes,
Putrefaction, Saponification, Mummification, Estimation of time since death
3. Death Certification, Proximate causes of death, causes of sudden deaths, Natural deaths.
Presumption of death and survivorship, disposal and preservation of dead
4. Introduction to *The Anatomy Act, *The Human organ transplantation Act. 1994
5. Medico-legal aspects and findings of post-mortem examination in cases of death due to
common unnatural conditions
6. Sudden unexpected death, deaths from starvation, cold and heat and their medico-legal
importance
7. Medico-legal aspects of death from Asphyxia, Hanging, Strangulation, Suffocation
and Drowning
F) MEDICO-LEGAL AUTOPSY
1. Autopsy: Objectives, Facilities, Rules and Basic techniques, Proforma for reporting
medico-legal autopsy
2. Exhumation, examination of mutilated remains, Obscure autopsy and post-mortem
artifacts
Collection, preservation and despatch of material for various investigations to Forensic
Science Laboratory
G) *FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY
1. Definition, General terminology and * Basic concept of normality and abnormality of
human behaviour, Civil and Criminal responsibility
2. Examination, Certification, restraint and admission to Mental Hospital
3. Mental Health Act ? Principles and Objectives
Part ? 2 Toxicology:
(N=20)
A) POISONS AND THEIR MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECTS
1. Definition of poison, General consideration and Laws in relation to poisons\Narcotic
drugs and psychotropic substances Act, *Schedules H and L drugs, *Pharmacy Act,
Duties and responsibilities of attending physician
2. Common poisons and their classification, Identification of common poisons, Routes
of administration, Actions of poisons and factors modifying them, Diagnosis of
poisoning (Clinical and Confirmatory) , Treatment/ Management of cases of acute
and chronic poisonings
3. Addiction and Habit forming drugs, drug dependence
4. Occupational and environmental poisoning, prevention and Epidemiology of
common poisoning and their legal aspects particularly pertaining to Workmen's
Compensation Act
5. Medico-Legal aspects and findings of postmortem examination in cases of death due
to poisonings
B) POISONS TO BE STUDIED
1. Corrosive: Euphoric Acid, Nitric Acid, Hydrochloric Acid, Carbolic Acid and Oxalic
Acid, Sodium and Potassium and Ammonium Hydro-Oxide
2. Non-metallic, Metallic Poisons and Industrial hazards: Phosphorus and compounds
of Lead, Arsenic, Mercury, Copper, and Glass powder
3. Plant Poisons: Castor, Croton, Capsicum, Semicarpus Anacardium (Bhilawa),
Calatropis Gigantea, Abrus Precatorius (Ratti), Dhatura, Cannabis Indica, Cocaine,
Opium, Aconite, Yellow Oleander, Strychnine
4. Animal and Bacterial Poisons: Snakes, Scorpion and Food poisoning
5. Alcohol (Drunkenness) Ethyl Alcohol, Methyl Alcohol, Kerosene, Barbiturates
6. Asphyxiant & Gaseous Poisons: Carbon Monoxide, War gases, Hydrocyanic acid, and
Cyanides
7. Insecticides, pesticides and Miscellaneous poisons: Organo-Phosphorus Compounds,
Organo-Chloro Compounds, Carbamates (Carbaryl) and Rodenticides (Phosphides)
Collection, Preservation and forwarding of evidence, remains of poison, body
discharges and viscera etc. to Forensic Science Laboratory in cases of poisoning
C) FORENSIC SCIENCE LABORATORY: (BRIEF)
1.
Aims, objects, general knowledge about Forensic Science Laboratory
2.
General principles of analytical toxicology
Part ? 3 Medical Jurisprudence:
(N=12)
A) LEGAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS OF PRACTICE OF MEDICINE
1. The Indian Medical Council, the Act, Formation and Functions;
State Medical Council: Formation, Functions, and Registration
2.
Rights and obligations of Registered Medical Practitioners and patient, Duties of
physicians and patients, Euthanasia
3. Infamous conduct, Professional secrecy and privileged communications
4.
Codes of Medical Ethics, medical etiquette, Medical Negligence and contributory
negligence, Precautionary measures and defences for Medical Practitioners against
legal actions, Medical/Doctors indemnity insurance, Consumer Protection Act
relevant to medical practice
5. Medical Ethics and prohibition of Torture & care of Torture Victims
B) DEFINITION OF HEALTH AND ITEMS TO CERTIFY ABOUT HEALTH
1. Common medico-legal problems in Hospital practice, Consent in Medical
Examination and treatment, under treatment/ Sickness and Fitness certificate,
maintenance of medical records
2. Social, Medical, Legal and Ethical problems in relation to AIDS
C) ACTS AND SCHEMES RELATED TO MEDICAL PROFESSION IN BRIEF:
Workmen's compensation Act, * Mental Health Act, Medical Practitioner Act, Protection
of human rights Act, 1993, * National Human Rights Commission, * Human Organ
Transplantation Act and other relevant sections of I.P.C., Cr.P.C. and I.E. Act. Maharashtra
civil medical code, Hospital administration manual
Part ? 4 Legal procedures in medico-legal cases:
(N=8)
A.
Medico-Legal Investigations of death in suspicious circumstances, different Inquest,
type of offences
B.
Types of Criminal courts and their powers, punishments prescribed by law, kinds of
witnesses, Evidence, Documentary Medical evidence, Dying declaration and Dying
deposition
C.
The Trial of criminal cases, Rules and Conventions to be followed by Medical
Witness at Medical evidence, subpoena, conduct money
D.
Relevant Sections from the Indian Evidence Act, Indian Penal code and Criminal
Procedure code
NOTE : Must know, desirable to know and ` * ` is nice to know
d. Term-wise distribution
______
Terms
Lectures Non ? Lectures
Pracs.
Demos.
Tuts/Sem/Allied
I Term
15
|
08
06
06
II Term 15
|
10
05
06
III Term 10
|
07
04
08
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 40
|
25
15
20
This period of training is the minimum suggested. Adjustments whenever required, depending
on availability of time, be made
e.
Practicals (including demonstrations) : Total no.of hours & contents
Practicals will be conducted in the laboratories.
Objective will be to assess proficiency in skills, conduct of experiment, interpretation of data
and logical conclusion.
Emphasis should be on candidate's capacity in making observations and logical inferences in
order to initiate enquiries in criminal matters and medico-legal problems.
Total Marks: 25 + 15 = 40
Contents:
Part 1 Forensic Medicine
Report on:
1.
Estimation/Certification of Age
2.
Recording of fingerprints
3.
Examination/Certification of the Injured
[Prescribed Forms]
4.
Examination of the Causative Agents in cases of Injuries
(e.g. Weapons, Instruments)
a. Hard and blunt weapons
b. Sharp cutting, sharp pointed and Sharp Heavy cutting
weapons
c. Firearm weapons
5.
Sexual offences :
a. Examination/Certification of Victim
b. Examination/Certification of Accused
6.
Examination of Foetus to opine about age
7.
Examination of Bones and teeth for Medico-legal purpose to
determine age, sex, stature, cause of death, time since death
a. Skull and Mandible
b. Scapula, Sternum and Upper limb bones
c. Sacrum and hip bone/ Pelvic bone
d. Lower limb bones
Study of:
8.
Medical certification of cause of Death as per Birth and Death
registration Act [Prescribed Forms]
9.
Studies of Skiagrams for estimation of age, bony injury, foreign body,
and pregnancy
10.
Photograph of different events of Medico-legal importance and
post-mortem changes
11.
Study of Various museum specimens of medico-legal significance
12.
Study of Various slides of medico-legal significance
13.
Demonstration of Instruments:
a. Used in treatment of acute poisoning cases
b. Used for causing abortions
c. Used for carrying out autopsy
[Standard human autopsy dissection Box/set]
Part 2 Forensic Toxicology
1.
Examination/Certification of Alcoholic [Prescribed Forms `A'
&`B']
2.
Study of Common poisons:
[Sulphuric Acid, Nitric Acid, Hydrochloric Acid, Carbolic Acid and Oxalic Acid,
Sodium and Potassium Hydro-Oxide, Phosphorous, Lead, Arsenic, Mercury, Copper,
Glass powder, Castor, Croton, Capsicum, Semicarpus Anacardium (Bhilawa),
Calatropis Gigantea, Abrus Precatorius (Ratti), Dhatura, Cannabis Indica, Opium,
Aconite, Yellow Oleander, Strychnine, Snakes, Scorpion, Alcohol, Methyl Alcohol,
Kerosene, Barbiturates, Organo-phosphorus compounds, Organo Chloro compounds,
Carbamates (Carbaryl)] and other commonly used poisons, antidotes and
preservatives
Part 3 Medical Jurisprudence
Study of Medical Certificates [Prescribed Forms]
a.
Sickness Certificate
b.
Fitness Certificate
c.
Certificate of Physical fitness
d.
* Medical certificate prescribed under Mental Health Act : 1987
e.
* Medical Certificate of Sound/ Unsoundness of mind.
Part ? 4 Legal procedures in medico-legal cases
Study of the various prescribed Forms:
Consent to surgery Anaesthesia and other Medical services, Request for sterilization,
Consent to access to hospital records, Authorization for Autopsy, Dead body Challan
used for sending a dead body for post-mortem examination, Request for the second
inquest by Magistrate on the dead body, Provisional post-mortem certificate, Post-
mortem form, Pictorial Post-mortem form, Form for the Final cause of death, Forms
for despatch of exhibits other than the viscera to chemical analyser, Forms for despatch of
Viscera for Histopathological Examination, Form for dispatch of viscera to chemical
analyser, Forensic Science Laboratory report form, Summons to witness.
Each student shall attend and record as a clerk
a. As many as possible cases / items of medico-legal importance
b. 10 cases of medico-legal autopsies
Both above `a' and `b' should be recorded in the approved Proforma in the single Journal.
The Journal should be scrutinised by the teacher concerned and presented for the inspection
and evaluation during the university examination.
Each student shall attend the court at least 2 cases when Medical Evidence is being recorded.
f.
Books recommended
1.
Modi's Textbook of Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology
Ed. 22, 1999, by B.V. Subramanyam, Butterworth
2.
The Essentials of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology by K.S. Narayan Reddy
3.
Parikh's Textbook of Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology.
4.
Text Book of Forensic Medicine ? J.B. Mukherjii VOL 1 & 2
5.
Principles of Forensic Medicine - A. Nandy
6.
Toxicology at a Glance by Dr S.K. Singhal
7.
Bernard Knight et. All: Cox's Medical Jurisprudence & Toxicology
Reference books
1.
Russell S. Fisher & Charles S.Petty: Forensic Pathology
2.
Keith Simpson: Forensic Medicine
3.
Jurgen Ludwig: Current Methods of autopsy practice.
4.
Gradwohl ? Legal Medicine
5.
A Doctors Guide to Court ? Simpson
6.
Polson C.J. : The essentials of Forensic Medicine
7.
Adelson, L.: The Pathology of Homicide.
8.
Atlas of Legal Medicine (Tomro Watonbe)
9.
Sptiz, W.U. & Fisher, R.S.: Medico-legal Investigation of Death.
10.
A Hand Book of Legal Pathology (Director of Publicity)
11.
Taylor's Principles & Practice of Medical Jurisprudence.
Edited by A.Keith Mant, Churchill Livingstone.
12.
Ratanlal & Dhirajlal, The Indian Penal Code; Justice Hidayatullah & V.R. Manohar
13.
Ratanlal & Dhirajlal, The Code of Criminal procedure; Justice Hidayatullah
& S.P. Sathe
14.
Ratanlal & Dhirajlal, The Law of Evidence; Justice Hidayatullah & V.R. Manohar
15.
Medical Law & Ethic in India ? H.S. Mehta
16.
Bernard Knight : Forensic Pathology
17.
Code of medical ethics : Medical Council of India, approved by Central Government,
U/S 33 (m) of IMC Act, 1956 (Oct 1970)
18.
Krogman, W.M.: The human skeleton in legal medicine.
19.
FE Camps, JM Cameren, David Lanham : Practical Forensic Medicine
20.
V.V. Pillay : Modern Medical Toxicology.
This post was last modified on 13 August 2021