0323 E646
Second Year MBBS Examination
II MBBS Pharmacology Paper 1
Time: 3 hours
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Max Marks: 1001. Answer to the points.
2. Figure to the right indicates marks.
3. Use separate answer books for each
section.
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4. Draw diagrams wherever necessary.5. Write legibly.
Section 1
1.Answer any one of the following:
(10)
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a) Define bioavailability. Enumerate withexamples the factors that affect
bioavailability of a drug. What is the
clinical importance of better
bioavailability.
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(2+7+1=10)b) Enumerate atropine substitutes.
Mention the class adverse drug reactions
(ADRs) of anticholinergic drugs providing
reasons.What is the drug of choice for
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reasons.What is the drug of choice for
managementof Atropine poisoning?
(3+4+3=10)
2.Answer any two of the following:
(12)
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a) A 20 year old college going girlpresents with insomnia for 3 weeks.
Enumerate 2 drug classes that can be
prescribed for this patient citing reasons
for your choice. Mention the instructions
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that you will give to her while explaininguse of any one of the above drugs.
b) A patient is scheduled for a major
surgery requiring general anesthesia the
next day. Enumerate with justification the
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drugs to be prescribed and used aspreanesthetic medication.
c) A 65 year old man is started on a new
antihypertensive following which he is
complaining of fainting especially when he
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gets up from his bed (orthostatichypotension). Which class of drugs is the
likely cause?If you had to choose an
adrenergic antagonist for this individual as
an antihypertensive, which group of drugs
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an antihypertensive, which group of drugs
will you choose and why?
3.Write Short notes on any three of the
following:
(18)
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a) Neostigmine (Mechanism ofaction,uses)
b) Tramadol(Mechanism of action,uses)
c) Drug antagonism(types)
d) Sources of drugs with examples
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4. Answer any five of the followingbriefly:
(10)
a) Enumerate enteral routes of drug
administration with examples
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b) One clinical importance of determiningVolume of-distribution of a drug
c) Mention the mechanism of action of
Sodium Valproate in absence seizure
d) Cheese reaction-cause, signs and
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symptoms & preventione) Define Therapeutic index
f) Define Serious adverse events
Section 2
5.Answer any one of the following:
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(10)5.Answer any one of the following:
(10)
a) Enumerate antianginal drugs. Explain
the mechanism of action and adverse
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drugreactions of any one class ofantianginal drugs. What is "drug holiday"
in terms of antianginal drug use?
b) Enumerate antiplatelet
(3+3+2+2=10)
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agents. Explain the mechanism of actionof two different types of antiplatelet
agents. Outline the pharmacotherapy of
acute myocardial infarction.
(2+4+4-10)
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6.Answer any two of the following:(12)
a) Mrs Y, 26 years, suffers from motion
sickness. Mention one oral drug therapy
that you may prescribe for her before a
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long road trip. Explain the mechanism ofaction of the chosen drug and the likely
ADRs she may face.
b) Mrs X 72 years, suffers from
osteoarthritis for which she takes pain
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relievers that reduce inflammation. Whatis the mechanism of action of these agents
and what ADRs should she be informed
about?
about?
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c) Mrs Z, 25 years, is on Captopril for herhypertension. She reports to the prescriber
stating she is pregnant for 6 weeks. Her
BP is found to be controlled. Provide
reasons for or against continuing her
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medication as before. Also suggestalternative drug if necessary.
7.Write short notes on any three of the
following:
(18)
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a) Iron chelating agents(names,mechanism of action uses)
b) Loop diuretics(names, mechanism of
action,uses)
c) Low molecular weight heparin
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(Advantages over unfractionated heparin)d) Over the counter drugs (Related
regulations, advantages and
disadvantages)
8. Answer any five of the following
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briefly:(10)
a) Write formulae for dose calculation in
children
b) Mention two important Adverse drug
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b) Mention two important Adverse drug
reactions with thiazide diuretics
c) Why Streptokinase is not suitable for all
patients with Cerebrovascular accident?
d) Mention the mechanism of action of
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Statins in dysplipidemiae) Why Aspirin is contraindicated in gout
management?
f) Why Vitamin B12 and folic acid are
prescribed concurrently in management of
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megaloblastic anemia?