Date: 29-03-2023
0323 E647
Second Year MBBS Examination
II MBBS Pharmacology Paper 2
Time: 3 hours

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Max Marks: 100
Instructions:
1. Answer to the points.
2. Figure to the right indicates marks.
3. Use separate answer books for each

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section.
4. Draw diagrams wherever necessary.
5. Write legibly.
Section 1
1. Answer any one of the following

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a) Enumerate aminoglycosides.
(10)
Explain their mechanism of action and
class adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in
clinical therapy. Why once-daily dosing is

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preferred with these drugs?

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b) A 46 year old man
(2+2+4+2=10)
weighing 57 kg,is diagnosed with
pulmonary tuberculosis. Explain the

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pharmacotherapy for this patient with
duration of treatment as per latest
guidelines. Explain the need for multiple
drug therapy and prolonged duration of
treatment for this condition. What ADRs

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should you look out for, during treatment
of this patient?
(4+3+3=10)
2. Answer any two of the following:
a) Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is (12)

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on the rise. As a prescriber, which points
should you adhere to while prescribing
antimicrobials to minimize risk of AMR?
b) A 25 year old pregnant woman is
diagnosed with vivax malaria in a

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chloroquine sensitive region. Describe the
pharmacotherapy for this patient and
explain the rationale for choosing the
regimen.
c) A 58 year old type 2 diabetic develops

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an abscess over his upper back. Which

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group of antimicrobials would you prefer
for this patient and why?
3. Write short notes on any three of
the following:

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(18)
a) Omeprazole (Mechanism of action,
uses)
b) Treatment regimen for multibacillary
leprosy (regimen and rationale)

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c) Post exposure prophylaxis of HIV
(regimen and rationale)
d) Cephalosporins (Mechanism of action
and spectrum)
4. Answer any five of the following

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briefly:
(10)
a) Why are topical antibiotics preferred in
some instances?
b) Enumerate drugs used in

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pharmacotherapy of H. pylori infection.
c) Enumerate the problems associated
with use of broad spectrum antibiotics.
d) Why Primaquin is useful in both
falciparum and vivax malaria?

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e) Why prolonged treatment is needed for
management of onychomycosis?
f) Why prophylactic antibiotics are
administered before a major abdominal
Section 2

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5. Answer any one of the following
a) Enumerate methods of oral
(10)
hormonal contraception for women.
Explain the mechanism of action of

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combined oral contraceptive pills(OCP).
What are the relative & absolute
contraindications for use of OCP (3+4+3)
b) Enumerate drugs used in management
of bronchial asthma. Why are some of

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these agents not useful in an acute attack
of asthma? Outline the ADRs associated
with the agents used in bronchial asthma
and steps that could be taken to prevent
them.

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(3+2+3+2=10)
6. Answer any two of the following:
a) Mrs Y is undergoing chemotherap (
y 12)

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for breast cancer and is suffering from

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intense nausea and vomiting. Enumerate
suitable antiemeticsfor her. Explain the
mechanism of action of any one group of
antiemetics.
b) Mr. X,25 years was suffering from

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pneumonia and was being treated
successfully with suitable antibiotics.
After one week of recovery he is still
complaining of dry cough. Compare and
contrast the different cough relievers that

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could be used.
c) MrsY, is suffering from breast cancer
and has been prescribed Tamoxifen. What
is the mechanism of action of this drug in
breast cancer? Outline the rationale for its

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use.
7. Write Short notes on any three of
the following:
(18)
a) Metformin (Mechanism of action,

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ADRs)
b) Propylthiouracil (Mechanism of
action,uses)

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c) ORS is effective in management of mild
to moderate dehydration.Justify.

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d) Role of prostaglandin analogues in
management of glaucoma.
8. Answer briefly any five of the
following:
(10)

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a) Why frequent pulse polio vaccine
campaigns are necessary?
b) Why Insulin is to be prescribed even to
individuals who have good glycemic
control in some special situations?

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c) Why Antacids are not to be combined
with proton pump inhibitors?
d) Mechanism of action of oxytocin
during labour.
e) Why Folic acid should be administered

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to all pregnant women?
f) Why Vitamin D and Calcium are
prescribed together in patients with
osteoporosis

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