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COURSE STRUCTURE AND SYLLABUS
For
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
(Applicable for batches admitted from 2016-2017)

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA
KAKINADA - 533 003, Andhra Pradesh, India

I Year ? I Semester
S. No
Subjects
L
T
P
Credits
1-HS English ? I
4
--
--
3
2-BS Mathematics - I
4
--
--
3
3-ES Applied Chemistry
4
--
--
3
4-BS Engineering Mechanics
4
--
--
3
5-BS Computer Programming
4
--
--
3
6-ES Environmental Studies
4
--
--
3
7-HS Applied / Engineering Chemistry Laboratory
--
--
3
2
8-BS English- Communication Skills Laboratory - I
--
--
3
2
9-ES Computer Programming Laboratory
--
--
3
2
Total Credits

24

I Year ? II Semester
S. No
Subjects
L
T
P
Credits
1-HS English ? II
4
--
--
3
2-BS Mathematics ? II (Mathematical Methods)
4
--
--
3
3-BS Mathematics ? III
4
--
--
3
4-ES Applied Physics
4
--
--
3
5
Electrical Circuit Analysis - I
4
--
--
3
6-ES Engineering Drawing
4
--
--
3
7-BS English - Communication Skills Laboratory - II
--
--
3
2
8-HS Applied / Engineering Physics Laboratory
--
--
3
2
9-ES Applied / Engineering Physics ? Virtual Labs
--
--
2
--
- Assignments
10
Engg.Workshop & IT Workshop
--
--
3
2
Total Credits
24

II Year ? I Semester

S. No
Subjects
L
T
P
Credits
1
Electrical Circuit Analysis - II
4
--
--
3
2
Electrical Machines-I
4
--
--
3
3
Basic Electronics and Devices
4
--
--
3
4
Electro Magnetic Fields
4
--
--
3
5
Thermal and Hydro Prime Movers
4
--
--
3
6
Managerial Economics & Financial Analysis
4
--
--
3
7
Thermal and Hydro Laboratory
--
--
3
2
8
Electrical Circuits Laboratory
--
--
3
2
Total Credits

22

II Year ? II Semester

S. No
Subjects
L
T
P
Credits
1
Electrical Measurements
4
--
--
3
2
Electrical Machines-II
4
--
--
3
3
Switching Theory and Logic Design
4
--
--
3
4
Control Systems
4
--
--
3
5
Power Systems-I
4
--
--
3
6
Management Science
4
--
--
3
7
Electrical Machines -I Laboratory
--
--
3
2
8
Electronic Devices & Circuits Laboratory
--
--
3
2
Total Credits

22

III Year ? I Semester

S. No
Subjects
L
T
P
Credits
1
Power Systems-II
4
--
--
3
2
Renewable Energy Sources
4
--
--
3
3
Signals and Systems
4
--
--
3
4
Pulse & Digital Circuits
4
--
--
3
5
Power Electronics
4
--
--
3
6
Electrical Machines-II Laboratory
--
--
3
2
7
Control Systems Laboratory
--
--
3
2
8
Electrical Measurements Laboratory
--
--
3
2
9-MC IPR & Patents
--
2
--
--
Total Credits

21

III Year ? II Semester
S. No
Subjects
L
T
P
Credits
1
Power Electronic Controllers & Drives
4
--
--
3
2
Power System Analysis
4
--
--
3
3
Micro Processors and Micro controllers
4
--
--
3
4
Data Structures
4
--
--
3
Open Elective
1. Unix and Shell Programming
2. OOPS Through JAVA
3. VLSI Design
5
4
--
--
3
4. Robotics
5. Neural Networks &Fuzzy Logic
6. Energy Audit and Conservation&
Management
6
Power Electronics Laboratory
--
--
3
2
Microprocessors & Microcontrollers
--
--
3
2
7
Laboratory
8
Data Structures Laboratory
--
--
3
2
9-MC Professional Ethics & Human Values
--
3
--
--
Total Credits

21

IV Year ? I Semester
S. No
Subjects
L
T
P
Credits
1
Utilization of Electrical Energy
4
--
--
3
2
Linear IC Applications
4
--
--
3
3
Power System Operation & Control
4
--
--
3
4
Switchgear and Protection
4
--
--
3
Elective ? I:
1. Electrical Machine Modeling and Analysis
2. Advanced Control Systems
5
4
--
--
3
3. Programmable Logic Controllers&
Applications
4. Instrumentation
Elective ? II:
1. Optimization Techniques
6
4
--
--
3
2. Electric Power Quality
3. Special Electrical Machines
7
Electrical Simulation Laboratory
--
--
2
2
8
Power Systems & Simulation Laboratory
--
--
2
2
Total Credits

22

IV Year - II Semester
S. No
Subjects
L
T
P
Credits
1
Digital Control Systems
4
--
--
3
2
HVDC Transmission
4
--
--
3
3
Electrical Distribution Systems
4
--
--
3
Elective ? III:
1. High Voltage Engineering
4
2. Flexible Alternating Current Transmission
4
--
--
3
Systems
3. Power System Reforms
5
Seminar
--
3
--
2
6
Project
--
--
--
10
Total Credits

24

SYLLABUS
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I Year - I Semester

4
0
0
3
ENGLISH - I
Introduction:
In view of the growing importance of English as a tool for global communication and the
consequent emphasis on training the students to acquire communicative competence, the
syllabus has been designed to develop linguistic and communicative competence of the
students of Engineering.
As far as the detailed Textbooks are concerned, the focus should be on the skills of
listening, speaking, reading and writing. The nondetailed Textbooks are meant for extensive
reading for pleasure and profit.
Thus the stress in the syllabus in primarily on the development of communicative skills
and fostering of ideas.
Objectives:
1. To imporve the language proficiency of the students in English with emphasis on
LSRW skills.
2. To enable the students to study and comprehend the prescribed lessons and subjects
more effectively relating to their theorotical and practical components.
3. To develop the communication skills of the students in both formal and informal
situations.
LISTENING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To enable the students to appreciate the role of listening skill and improve their
pronounciation.
2. To enable the students to comprehend the speech of people belonging to different
backgrounds and regions.
3. To enable the students to listen for general content, to fill up information and for
specific information.

SPEAKING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To make the students aware of the importance of speaking for their personal and
professional communication.
2. To enable the students to express themselves fluently and accurately in social and
professional success.
3. To help the students describe objects, situations and people.
4. To make the students participate in group activities like roleplays, discussions and
debates.
5. To make the students particiapte in Just a Minute talks.

READING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To enable the students to comprehend a text through silent reading.
2. To enable the students to guess the meanings of words, messages and inferences of
texts in given contexts.
3. To enable the students to skim and scan a text.
4. To enable the students to identify the topic sentence.
5. To enable the students to identify discourse features.
6. To enable the students to make intensive and extensive reading.
WRITING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To make the students understand that writing is an exact formal skills.
2. To enable the students to write sentences and paragraphs.
3. To make the students identify and use appropriate vocabulary.
4. To enable the students to narrate and describe.
5. To enable the students capable of note-making.
6. To enable the students to write coherently and cohesively.
7. To make the students to write formal and informal letters.
8. To enable the students to describe graphs using expressions of comparision.
9. To enable the students to write techincal reports.
Methodology:
1. The class are to be learner-centered where the learners are to read the texts to get a
comprehensive idea of those texts on their own with the help of the peer group and the
teacher.
2. Integrated skill development methodology has to be adopted with focus on individual
language skills as per the tasks/exercise.
3. The tasks/exercises at the end of each unit should be completed by the learners only
and the teacher interventionis perimitted as per the complexity of the task/exercise.
4. The teacher is expected to use supplementary material wherever necessary and also
generate activities/tasks as per the requirement.
5. The teacher is perimitted to use lecture method when a completely new concept is
introduced in the class.
Assessment Procedure: Theory
1. The formative and summative assessment procedures are to be adopted (mid exams
and end semester examination).
2. Neither the formative nor summative assessment procedures should test the memory
of the content of the texts given in the textbook. The themes and global
comprehension of the units in the present day context with application of the langauge
skills learnt in the unit are to be tested.
3. Only new unseen passages are to be given to test reading skills of the learners.
Written skills are to be tested from sentence level to essay level. The communication
formats--emails,letters and reports-- are to be tested along with appropriate langauge
and expressions.
4. Examinations:
I mid exam + II mid exam (15% for descriptive tests+10% for online tests)= 25%

(80% for the best of two and 20% for the other)
Assignments= 5%
End semester exams=70%
5. Three take home assignments are to be given to the learners where they will have to
read texts from the reference books list or other sources and write their gist in their
own words.
The following text books are recommended for study in I B.Tech I Semester (Common for all
branches)and I B.Pharma I Sem of JNTU Kakinada from the academic year 2016-17
(R-16 Regualtions)
DETAILED TEXTBOOK:
ENGLISH FOR ENGINEERS AND TECHNOLOGISTS, Published by Orient
Blackswan Pvt Ltd
NON-DETAILED TEXTBOOK:
PANORAMA: A COURSE ON READING, Published by Oxford University Press India
The course content along with the study material is divided into six units.
UNIT I:
1. 'Human Resources' from English for Engineers and Technologists.
OBJECTIVE:
To develop human resources to serve the society in different ways.
OUTCOME:
The lesson motivates the readers to develop their knowledge different fields and serve the
society accordingly.
2. 'An Ideal Family' from Panorama: A Course on Reading
OBJECTIVE:
To develop extensive reading skill and comprehension for pleasure and profit.
OUTCOME:
Acquisition of writing skills

UNIT 2:
1. ' Transport: Problems and Solutions' from English for Engineers and Technologists.
OBJECTIVE:
To highlight road safety measures whatever be the mode of transport.
OUTCOME:
The lesson motivates the public to adopt road safety measures.
2. 'War' from 'Panorama : A Course on Reading'
OBJECTIVE:
To develop extensive reading skill and comprehension for pleasure and profit.
OUTCOME:
Acquisition of writing skills

UNIT 3:
1. 'Evaluating Technology' from English for Engineers and Technologists.
OBJECTIVE:
To highlight the advantages and disadvantages of technology.
OUTCOME:
The lesson creates an awareness in the readers that mass production is ultimately detrimental
to biological survival.
2. 'The Verger' from 'Panorama : A Course on Reading'
OBJECTIVE:
To develop extensive reading skill and comprehension for pleasure and profit.
OUTCOME:
Acquisition of writing skills

UNIT 4:
1. 'Alternative Sources of Energy' from English for Engineers and Technologists.
OBJECTIVE:
To bring into focus different sources of energy as alternatives to the depleting sources.
OUTCOME:
The lesson helps to choose a source of energy suitable for rural India.
2. ' The Scarecrow' from Panorama : A Course on Reading
OBJECTIVE:
To develop extensive reading skill and comprehension for pleasure and profit.
OUTCOME:
Acquisition of writing skills
UNIT 5:
1. 'Our Living Environment' from English for Engineers and Technologists.
OBJECTIVE:
To highlight the fact that animals must be preserved beacuase animal life is precious.
OUTCOME:
The lesson creates an awareness in the reader as to the usefulness of animals for the human
society.
2. 'A Village Host to Nation' from Panorama : A Course on Reading
OBJECTIVE:
To develop extensive reading skill and comprehension for pleasure and profit.
OUTCOME:
Acquisition of writing skills

UNIT 6:
1. ' Safety and Training' from English for Engineers and Technologists.
OBJECTIVE:
To highlight the possibility of accidents in laboratories, industries and other places and to
follow safety measures.
OUTCOME:
The lesson helps in identifying safety measures against different varieties of accidents at
home and in the workplace.
2. 'Martin Luther King and Africa' from Panorama : A Course on Reading
OBJECTIVE:
To develop extensive reading skill and comprehension for pleasure and profit.
OUTCOME:
Acquisition of writing skills
NOTE:
All the exercises given in the prescribed lessons in both detailed and non-detailed
textbooks relating to the theme and language skills must be covered.
OVERALL COURSE OUTCOME:
1. Using English languages, both written and spoken, competently and correctly.
2. Improving comprehension and fluency of speech.
3. Gaining confidence in using English in verbal situations.

MODEL QUESTION PAPER FOR THEORY
PART- I
Six short answer questions on 6 unit themes
One question on eliciting student's response to any of the themes
PART-II
Each question should be from one unit and the last question can be a combination of two or
more units.
Each question should have 3 sub questions: A,B & C
A will be from the main text: 5 marks
B from non-detailed text: 3 marks
C on grammar and Vocabulary: 6 marks

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I Year - I Semester

4
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0
3
MATHEMATICS-I
(Common to ALL branches of First Year B.Tech.)

Course Objectives:

1. The course is designed to equip the students with the necessary mathematical skills
and techniques that are essential for an engineering course.
2. The skills derived from the course will help the student from a necessary base to
develop analytic and design concepts.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the Course, Student will be able to:
1. Solve linear differential equations of first, second and higher order.
2. Determine Laplace transform and inverse Laplace transform of various functions
and use Laplace transforms to determine general solution to linear ODE.
3. Calculate total derivative, Jocobian and minima of functions of two variables.

UNIT I: Differential equations of first order and first degree:
Linear-Bernoulli-Exact-Reducible to exact.
Applications: Newton's Law of cooling-Law of natural growth and decay-Orthogonal
trajectories- Electrical circuits- Chemical reactions.
UNIT II: Linear differential equations of higher order:
Non-homogeneous equations of higher order with constant coefficients with RHS term of the
type eax, sin ax, cos ax, polynomials in x, eax V(x), xV(x)- Method of Variation of parameters.
Applications: LCR circuit, Simple Harmonic motion.
UNIT III: Laplace transforms:
Laplace transforms of standard functions-Shifting theorems - Transforms of derivatives and
integrals ? Unit step function ?Dirac's delta function- Inverse Laplace transforms?
Convolution theorem (with out proof).
Applications: Solving ordinary differential equations (initial value problems) using Laplace
transforms.
UNIT IV: Partial differentiation:
Introduction- Homogeneous function-Euler's theorem-Total derivative-Chain rule-
Generalized Mean value theorem for single variable (without proof)-Taylor's and Mc
Laurent's series expansion of functions of two variables? Functional dependence- Jacobian.
Applications: Maxima and Minima of functions of two variables without constraints and
Lagrange's method (with constraints).

UNIT V: First order Partial differential equations:
Formation of partial differential equations by elimination of arbitrary constants and arbitrary
functions ?solutions of first order linear (Lagrange) equation and nonlinear (standard types)
equations.

UNIT VI: Higher order Partial differential equations:
Solutions of Linear Partial differential equations with constant coefficients. RHS term of the
ax b
+ y
m
n
type e
,sina
( x+by) c
, osa
( x+by),x y . Classification of second order partial differential
equations.
Text Books:
1. B.S.Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, 43rd Edition, Khanna Publishers.
2. N.P.Bali, Engineering Mathematics, Lakshmi Publications.
Reference Books:
1. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 10th Edition, Wiley-India
2. Micheael Greenberg, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9th edition, Pearson edn
3. Dean G. Duffy, Advanced engineering mathematics with MATLAB, CRC Press
4. Peter O'neil, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Cengage Learning.
5. Srimanta Pal, Subodh C.Bhunia, Engineering Mathematics, Oxford University
Press.
6. Dass H.K., Rajnish Verma. Er., Higher Engineering Mathematics, S. Chand Co.
Pvt. Ltd, Delhi.

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I Year - I Semester

4
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3
APPLIED CHEMISTRY
(EEE, ECE, CSE, IT, EIE, E. Com. E.)
Knowledge of basic concepts of Chemistry for Engineering students will help them as
professional engineers later in design and material selection, as well as utilizing the available
resources.
Learning Objectives:
? Plastics are nowadays used in household appliances; also they are used as composites
(FRP) in aerospace industries.
? Fuels as a source of energy are a basic need of any industry, particularly industries
like thermal power stations, steel industry, fertilizer industry etc., and hence they are
introduced.
? The basics for the construction of galvanic cells as well as some of the sensors used in
instruments are introduced. Also if corrosion is to be controlled, one has to understand
the mechanism of corrosion which itself is explained by electrochemical theory.
? With the increase in demand, a wide variety of materials are coming up; some of them
have excellent engineering properties and a few of these materials are introduced.
? Understanding of crystal structures will help to understand the conductivity,
semiconductors and superconductors. Magnetic properties are also studied.
? With the increase in demand for power and also with depleting sources of fossil fuels,
the demand for alternative sources of fuels is increasing. Some of the prospective fuel
sources are introduced.

UNIT I: HIGH POLYMERS AND PLASTICS
Polymerisation : Introduction- Mechanism of polymerization - Stereo regular polymers ?
methods of polymerization (emulsion and suspension) -Physical and mechanical properties ?
Plastics as engineering materials : advantages and limitations ? Thermoplastics and
Thermosetting plastics ? Compounding and fabrication (4/5 techniques)- Preparation,
properties and applications of polyethene, PVC, Bakelite Teflon and polycarbonates
Elastomers ? Natural rubber- compounding and vulcanization ? Synthetic rubbers : Buna S,
Buna N, Thiokol and polyurethanes ? Applications of elastomers.
Composite materials & Fiber reinforced plastics ? Biodegradable polymers ? Conducting
polymers.
UNIT II: FUEL TECHNOLOGY
Fuels:- Introduction ? Classification ? Calorific value - HCV and LCV ? Dulong's formula
? Bomb calorimeter ? Numerical problems ? Coal ?? Proximate and ultimate analysis ?
Significance of the analyses ? Liquid fuels ? Petroleum- Refining ? Cracking ? Synthetic
petrol ?Petrol knocking ? Diesel knocking - Octane and Cetane ratings ? Anti-knock agents ?
Power alcohol ? Bio-diesel ? Gaseous fuels ? Natural gas. LPG and CNG ? Combustion ?
Calculation of air for the combustion of a fuel ? Flue gas analysis ? Orsat apparatus ?
Numerical problems on combustion.
Explosives:- Introduction, classification, examples: RDX, TNT and ammonium nitrite -
rocket fuels.

UNIT III: ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS AND CORROSION
Galvanic cells - Reversible and irreversible cells ? Single electrode potential ? Electro
chemical series and uses of this series- Standard electrodes (Hydrogen and Calomel
electrodes) - Concentration Cells ? Batteries: Dry Cell - Ni-Cd cells - Ni-Metal hydride cells
- Li cells - Zinc ? air cells.
Corrosion:- Definition ? Theories of Corrosion (electrochemical) ? Formation of galvanic
cells by different metals, by concentration cells, by differential aeration and waterline
corrosion ? Passivity of metals ? Pitting corrosion - Galvanic series ? Factors which
influence the rate of corrosion - Protection from corrosion ? Design and material selection ?
Cathodic protection - Protective coatings: ? Surface preparation ? Metallic (cathodic and
anodic) coatings - Methods of application on metals (Galvanizing, Tinning, Electroplating,
Electroless plating)
UNIT IV: CHEMISTRY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
Nano materials:- Introduction ? Sol-gel method & chemical reduction method of preparation
? Characterization by BET method and TEM methods - Carbon nano tubes and fullerenes:
Types, preparation, properties and applications
Liquid crystals:- Introduction ? Types ? Applications
Superconductors :- Type-I & Type-2, properties &applications
Green synthesis:- Principles - 3or 4 methods of synthesis with examples ? R4M4 principles
UNIT V: SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
Types of solids - close packing of atoms and ions - BCC , FCC, structures of rock salt -
cesium chloride- spinel - normal and inverse spinels,
Non-elemental semiconducting Materials:- Stoichiometric, controlled valency & Chalcogen
photo/semiconductors, Preparation of Semiconductors - Semiconductor Devices:- p-n
junction diode as rectifier ? junction transistor.
Insulators (electrical and electronic applications)
Magnetic materials:- Ferro and ferri magnetism. Hall effect and its applications.

UNIT VI: NON CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES AND STORAGE DEVICES
Solar Energy: - Introduction, application of solar energy, conversion of solar energy
(Thermal
conversion & photo conversion) ? photovoltaic cell: design, working and its importance
Non-conventional energy sources:
(i)
Hydropower include setup a hydropower plant (schematic diagram)
(ii)
Geothermal energy: Introduction-schematic diagram of a geothermal power plant
(iii)
Tidal and wave power: Introduction- Design and working-movement of tides and
their effect on sea level.
(iv)
Ocean thermal energy: Introduction, closed-cycle, ocean thermal energy
conversion (OTEC), open cycle OTEC, hybrid OTEC, schematic diagram and
explanation.
(v)
Biomass and biofuels
Fuel cells:- Introduction - cell representation, H2-O2 fuel cell: Design and working,
advantages and limitations. Types of fuel cells: Alkaline fuel cell - methanol-oxygen -
phosphoric acid fuel cells - molten carbonate fuel cells.

Outcomes: The advantages and limitations of plastic materials and their use in design would
be understood. Fuels which are used commonly and their economics, advantages and
limitations are discussed. Reasons for corrosion and some methods of corrosion control
would be understood. The students would be now aware of materials like nano-materials and
fullerenes and their uses. Similarly liquid crystals and superconductors are understood. The
importance of green synthesis is well understood and how they are different from
conventional methods is also explained. Conductance phenomenon is better understood. The
students are exposed to some of the alternative fuels and their advantages and limitations.

Standard Books:
1. Engineering Chemistry by Jain and Jain; Dhanpat Rai Publicating Co.
2. Engineering Chemistry by Shikha Agarwal; Cambridge University Press, 2015 edition.

Reference Books:
1. Engineering Chemistry of Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., Vairam and others, 2014 edition
(second).
2. Engineering Chemistry by Prasanth Rath, Cengage Learning, 2015 edition.
3. A text book of engineering Chemistry by S. S. Dara; S. Chand & Co Ltd., Latest Edition
4. Applied Chemistry by H.D. Gesser, Springer Publishers
5. Text book of Nano-science and nanotechnology by B.S. Murthy, P. Shankar and
others, University Press, IIM

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I Year - I Semester

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ENIGINEERING MECHANICS
Objectives: The students completing this course are expected to understand the concepts of
forces and its resolution in different planes, resultant of force system, Forces acting on a
body, their free body diagrams using graphical methods. They are required to understand the
concepts of centre of gravity and moments of inertia and their application, Analysis of frames
and trusses, different types of motion, friction and application of work - energy method.
UNIT ? I
Objectives: The students are to be exposed to the concepts of force and friction,
direction and its application.
Introduction to Engg. Mechanics ? Basic Concepts.
Systems of Forces: Coplanar Concurrent Forces ? Components in Space ? Resultant ?
Moment of Force and its Application ? Couples and Resultant of Force Systems.
Friction: Introduction, limiting friction and impending motion, coulomb's laws of dry
friction, coefficient of friction, cone of friction

UNIT II

Objectives: The students are to be exposed to application of free body diagrams.
Solution to problems using graphical methods and law of triangle of forces.
Equilibrium of Systems of Forces: Free Body Diagrams, Equations of Equilibrium of
Coplanar Systems, Spatial Systems for concurrent forces. Lamis Theorm, Graphical method
for the equilibrium of coplanar forces, Converse of the law of Triangle of forces, converse of
the law of polygon of forces condition of equilibrium, analysis of plane trusses.
UNIT ? III

Objectives : The students are to be exposed to concepts of centre of gravity.
Centroid: Centroids of simple figures (from basic principles ) ? Centroids of Composite
Figures
Centre of Gravity: Centre of gravity of simple body (from basic principles), centre of
gravity of composite bodies, Pappus theorems.

UNIT IV
Objective: The students are to be exposed to concepts of moment of inertia and polar
moment of inertia including transfer methods and their applications.
Area moments of Inertia: Definition ? Polar Moment of Inertia, Transfer Theorem,
Moments of Inertia of Composite Figures, Products of Inertia, Transfer Formula for Product
of Inertia. Mass Moment of Inertia: Moment of Inertia of Masses, Transfer Formula for
Mass Moments of Inertia, mass moment of inertia of composite bodies.

UNIT ? V
Objectives: The students are to be exposed to motion in straight line and in curvilinear
paths, its velocity and acceleration computation and methods of representing plane
motion.
Kinematics: Rectilinear and Curvelinear motions ? Velocity and Acceleration ? Motion of
Rigid Body ? Types and their Analysis in Planar Motion. Kinetics: Analysis as a Particle and
Analysis as a Rigid Body in Translation ? Central Force Motion ? Equations of Plane Motion
? Fixed Axis Rotation ? Rolling Bodies.
UNIT ? VI
Objectives: The students are to be exposed to concepts of work, energy and particle
motion
Work ? Energy Method: Equations for Translation, Work-Energy Applications to Particle
Motion, Connected System-Fixed Axis Rotation and Plane Motion. Impulse momentum
method.

TEXT BOOKS :
1. Engg. Mechanics - S.Timoshenko & D.H.Young., 4th Edn - , Mc Graw Hill
publications.
REFERENCES :
1.
Engineering Mechanics statics and dynamics ? R.C.Hibbeler, 11th Edn ? Pearson
Publ.
2.
Engineering Mechanics, statics ? J.L.Meriam, 6th Edn ? Wiley India Pvt Ltd.
3.
Engineering Mechanics, statics and dynamics ? I.H.Shames, ? Pearson Publ.
4.
Mechanics For Engineers, statics - F.P.Beer & E.R.Johnston ? 5th Edn Mc Graw
Hill Publ.
5.
Mechanics For Engineers, dynamics - F.P.Beer & E.R.Johnston ?5th Edn Mc
Graw Hill Publ.
6.
Theory & Problems of engineering mechanics, statics & dynamics ? E.W.Nelson,
C.L.Best & W.G. McLean, 5th Edn ? Schaum's outline series - Mc Graw Hill
Publ.
7.
Singer's Engineering Mechanics: Statics And Dynamics, K. Vijay Kumar Reddy,
J. Suresh Kumar, Bs Publications
8.
Engineering Mechanics, Fedinand . L. Singer, Harper ? Collins.
9.
Engineering Mechanics statics and dynamics , A Nelson , Mc Graw Hill
publications

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I Year - I Semester

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COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

Learning objectives:
Formulating algorithmic solutions to problems and implementing algorithms in C.
? Notion of Operation of a CPU, Notion of an algorithm and computational procedure,
editing and executing programs in Linux.
? Understanding branching, iteration and data representation using arrays.
? Modular programming and recursive solution formulation.
? Understanding pointers and dynamic memory allocation.
? Understanding miscellaneous aspects of C.
? Comprehension of file operations.

UNIT-I:
History and Hardware - Computer Hardware, Bits and Bytes, Components, Programming
Languages - Machine Language, Assembly Language, Low- and High-Level Languages,
Procedural and Object-Oriented Languages, Application and System Software, The
Development of C Algorithms The Software Development Process.
UNIT-II:
Introduction to C Programming- Identifiers, The main () Function, The printf () Function
Programming Style - Indentation, Comments, Data Types, Arithmetic Operations,
Expression Types, Variables and Declarations, Negation, Operator Precedence and
Associativity, Declaration Statements, Initialization.
Assignment - Implicit Type Conversions, Explicit Type Conversions (Casts), Assignment
Variations, Mathematical Library Functions, Interactive Input, Formatted Output, Format
Modifiers.
UNIT -III:
Control Flow-Relational Expressions - Logical Operators:
Selection: if-else Statement, nested if, examples, Multi-way selection: switch, else-if,
examples.
Repetition: Basic Loop Structures, Pretest and Posttest Loops, Counter-Controlled and
Condition-Controlled Loops, The while Statement, The for Statement, Nested Loops, The do-
while Statement.

UNIT-IV
Modular Programming: Function and Parameter Declarations, Returning a Value,
Functions with Empty Parameter Lists, Variable Scope, Variable Storage Class, Local
Variable Storage Classes, Global Variable Storage Classes, Pass by Reference, Passing
Addresses to a Function, Storing Addresses, Using Addresses, Declaring and Using Pointers,
Passing Addresses to a Function.
Case Study: Swapping Values, Recursion - Mathematical Recursion, Recursion versus
Iteration.

UNIT-V:
Arrays & Strings
Arrays: One-DimensionalArrays, Input and Output of Array Values, Array Initialization,
Arrays as Function Arguments, Two-Dimensional Arrays, LargerDimensionalArrays-
Matrices
Strings: String Fundamentals, String Input and Output, String Processing, Library Functions
UNIT-VI:
Pointers, Structures, Files
Pointers: Concept of a Pointer, Initialisation of pointer variables, pointers as function
arguments, passing by address, Dangling memory, address arithmetic, character pointers and
functions, pointers to pointers, Dynamic memory management functions, command line
arguments.
Structures: Derived types,Structuresdeclaration, Initialization of structures, accessing
structures, nested structures, arrays of structures, structures and functions, pointers to
structures, self referential structures, unions, typedef, bit-fields.
Data Files: Declaring, Opening, and Closing File Streams, Reading from and Writing to Text
Files, Random File Access
Outcomes:
? Understand the basic terminology used in computer programming
? Write, compile and debug programs in C language.
? Use different data types in a computer program.
? Design programs involving decision structures, loops and functions.
? Explain the difference between call by value and call by reference
? Understand the dynamics of memory by the use of pointers
? Use different data structures and create/update basic data files.
Text Books:
1. ANSI C Programming, Gary J. Bronson, Cengage Learning.
2. Programming in C, Bl Juneja Anita Seth, Cengage Learning.
3. The C programming Language, Dennis Richie and Brian Kernighan, Pearson
Education.
Reference Books:
1. C Programming-A Problem Solving Approach, Forouzan, Gilberg, Cengage.
2. Programming with C, Bichkar, Universities Press.
3. Programming in C, ReemaThareja, OXFORD.
4. C by Example, Noel Kalicharan, Cambridge.

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ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Course Learning Objectives:
The objectives of the course is to impart
? Overall understanding of the natural resources
? Basic understanding of the ecosystem and its diversity
? Acquaintance on various environmental challenges induced due to unplanned
anthropogenic activities
? An understanding of the environmental impact of developmental activities
? Awareness on the social issues, environmental legislation and global treaties
Course Outcomes:
The student should have knowledge on
? The natural resources and their importance for the sustenance of the life and recognize
the need to conserve the natural resources
? The concepts of the ecosystem and its function in the environment. The need for
protecting the producers and consumers in various ecosystems and their role in the
food web
? The biodiversity of India and the threats to biodiversity, and conservation practices to
protect the biodiversity
? Various attributes of the pollution and their impacts and measures to reduce or control
the pollution along with waste management practices
? Social issues both rural and urban environment and the possible means to combat the
challenges
? The environmental legislations of India and the first global initiatives towards
sustainable development.
? About environmental assessment and the stages involved in EIA and the
environmental audit.
? Self Sustaining Green Campus with Environment Friendly aspect of ? Energy, Water
and Wastewater reuse Plantation, Rain water Harvesting, Parking Curriculum.

Syllabus:
UNIT ? I
Multidisciplinary nature of Environmental Studies: Definition, Scope and Importance ?
Sustainability: Stockholm and Rio Summit?Global Environmental Challenges: Global
warming and climate change, Carbon Credits, acid rains, ozone layer depletion, population
growth and explosion, effects. Role of information Technology in Environment and human
health.
Ecosystems: Concept of an ecosystem. - Structure and function of an ecosystem. - Producers,
consumers and decomposers. - Energy flow in the ecosystem - Ecological succession. - Food
chains, food webs and ecological pyramids. - Introduction, types, characteristic features,
structure and function of Forest ecosystem, Grassland ecosystem, Desert ecosystem, Aquatic
ecosystems.
UNIT ? II
Natural Resources: Natural resources and associated problems
Forest resources ? Use and over ? exploitation, deforestation ? Timber extraction ? Mining,
dams and other effects on forest and tribal people
Water resources ? Use and over utilization of surface and ground water ? Floods, drought,
conflicts over water, dams ? benefits and problems
Mineral resources: Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using
mineral resources, Sustainable mining of Granite, Literate, Coal, Sea and River sands.
Food resources: World food problems, changes caused by non-agriculture activities-effects of
modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity
Energy resources: Growing energy needs, renewable and non-renewable energy sources use
of alternate energy sources Vs Oil and Natural Gas Extraction.
Land resources: Land as a resource, land degradation, Wasteland reclamation, man induced
landslides, soil erosion and desertification. Role of an individual in conservation of natural
resources. Equitable use of resources for sustainable lifestyles.

UNIT ? III Biodiversity and its conservation:
Definition: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity- classification - Value of biodiversity:
consumptive use, productive use, social-Biodiversity at national and local levels. India as a
mega-diversity nation - Hot-spots of biodiversity - Threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, man-
wildlife conflicts - Endangered and endemic species of India ? Conservation of biodiversity:
conservation of biodiversity.
UNIT ? IV
Environmental Pollution: Definition, Cause, effects and control measures of Air pollution,
Water pollution, Soil pollution, Noise pollution, Nuclear hazards. Role of an individual in
prevention of pollution. - Pollution case studies, Sustainable Life Studies. Impact of Fire
Crackers on Men and his well being.
Solid Waste Management: Sources, Classification, effects and control measures of urban
and industrial solid wastes. Consumerism and waste products, Biomedical, Hazardous and e ?
waste management.
UNIT ? V
Social Issues and the Environment: Urban problems related to energy -Water conservation,
rain water harvesting-Resettlement and rehabilitation of people; its problems and concerns.
Environmental ethics: Issues and possible solutions. Environmental Protection Act -Air
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act. ?Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act -
Wildlife Protection Act -Forest Conservation Act-Issues involved in enforcement of
environmental legislation. -Public awareness.
UNIT ? VI
Environmental Management: Impact Assessment and its significance various stages of
EIA, preparation of EMP and EIS, Environmental audit. Ecotourism, Green Campus ? Green
business and Green politics.
The student should Visit an Industry / Ecosystem and submit a report individually on any
issues related to Environmental Studies course and make a power point presentation.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Environmental Studies, K. V. S. G. Murali Krishna, VGS Publishers, Vijayawada
2. Environmental Studies, R. Rajagopalan, 2nd Edition, 2011, Oxford University Press.
3. Environmental Studies, P. N. Palanisamy, P. Manikandan, A. Geetha, and K. Manjula
Rani; Pearson Education, Chennai

REFERENCE:
1. Text Book of Environmental Studies, Deeshita Dave & P. Udaya Bhaskar, Cengage
Learning.
2. A Textbook of Environmental Studies, Shaashi Chawla, TMH, New Delhi
3. Environmental Studies, Benny Joseph, Tata McGraw Hill Co, New Delhi
4. Perspectives in Environment Studies, Anubha Kaushik, C P Kaushik, New Age
International Publishers, 2014

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APPLIED/ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY LABORATORY (Common to all branches)

1. Introduction to Chemistry laboratory ? Molarity, Normality, Primary, secondary
standard solutions, Volumetric titrations, Quantitative analysis, Qualitative analysis,
etc.
2. Trial experiment - Determination of HCl using standard Na2CO3 solution.
3. Determination of alkalinity of a sample containing Na2CO3 and NaOH.
4. Determination of KMnO4 using standard Oxalic acid solution.
5. Determination of Ferrous iron using standard K2Cr2O7 solution.
6. Determination of Copper using standard K2Cr2O7 solution.
7. Determination of temporary and permanent hardness of water using standard EDTA
solution.
8. Determination of Copper using standard EDTA solution.
9. Determination of Iron by a Colorimetric method using thiocynate as reagent.
10. Determination of pH of the given sample solution using pH meter.
11. Conductometric titration between strong acid and strong base.
12. Conductometric titration between strong acid and weak base.
13. Potentiometric titration between strong acid and strong base.
14. Potentiometric titration between strong acid and weak base.
15. Determination of Zinc using standard EDTA solution.
16. Determination of Vitamin ? C.

Outcomes: The students entering into the professional course have practically very little
exposure to lab classes. The experiments introduce volumetric analysis; redox titrations with
different indicators; EDTA titrations; then they are exposed to a few instrumental methods of
chemical analysis. Thus at the end of the lab course, the student is exposed to different
methods of chemical analysis and use of some commonly employed instruments. They thus
acquire some experimental skills.

Reference Books
1. A Textbook of Quantitative Analysis, Arthur J. Vogel.
2. Dr. Jyotsna Cherukuris (2012) Laboratory Manual of engineering chemistry-II, VGS
Techno Series
3. Chemistry Practical Manual, Lorven Publications
4. K. Mukkanti (2009) Practical Engineering Chemistry, B.S. Publication

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ENGLISH - COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB- I
PRESCRIBED LAB MANUAL FOR SEMESTER I:
'INTERACT: English Lab Manual for Undergraduate Students' Published by Orient
Blackswan Pvt Ltd.
OBJECTIVES:
To enable the students to learn through practice the communication skills of listening,
speaking, reading and writing.
OUTCOME:
A study of the communicative items in the laboratory will help the students become
successful in the competitive world.
The course content along with the study material is divided into six units.
UNIT 1:
1. WHY study Spoken English?
2. Making Inqueries on the phone, thanking and responding to Thanks
Practice work.
UNIT 2:
1. Responding to Requests and asking for Directions
Practice work.
UNIT 3:
1. Asking for Clarifications, Inviting, Expressing Sympathy, Congratulating
2. Apologising, Advising, Suggesting, Agreeing and Disagreeing
Practice work.
UNIT 4:
1. Letters and Sounds
Practice work.
UNIT 5:
1. The Sounds of English
Practice work.

UNIT 6:
1. Pronunciation
2. Stress and Intonation
Practice work.
Assessment Procedure: Laboratory
1. Every lab session (150 minutes) should be handled by not less than two teachers
(three would be ideal) where each faculty has to conduct a speaking activity for 20/30
students.
2. The teachers are to assess each learner in the class for not less than 10 speaking
activities, each one to be assessed for 10 marks or 10%. The average of 10 day-to-day
activity assessments is to be calculated for 10 marks for internal assessment.
The rubric given below has to be filled in for all the students for all activities.
The rubric to assess the learners:
Body language Fluency
Clarity in Neutraliz Appropriate
Total Remarks
&
Speech
ation
of Language
10
Audibilit
accent
mark
y
s
Gesture Eye
Gram
Voca
s & Contac
mar
bular
Posture t
y &
s
expre
ssion
s

? Lab Assessment: Internal (25 marks)
1. Day-to-Day activities: 10 marks
2. Completing the exercises in the lab manual: 5 marks
3. Internal test (5 marks written and 5 marks oral)
? Lab Assessment: External (50 marks)
1. Written test: 20 marks (writing a dialogue, note-taking and answering questions on
listening to an audio recording.
2. Oral: Reading aloud a text or a dialogue- 10 marks
3. Viva-Voce by the external examiner: 20 marks

Reference Books:
1. Strengthen your communication skills by Dr M Hari Prasad, Dr Salivendra Raju and
Dr G Suvarna Lakshmi, Maruti Publications.
2. English for Professionals by Prof Eliah, B.S Publications, Hyderabad.
3. Unlock, Listening and speaking skills 2, Cambridge University Press
4. Spring Board to Success, Orient BlackSwan
5. A Practical Course in effective english speaking skills, PHI
6. Word power made handy, Dr shalini verma, Schand Company
7. Let us hear them speak, Jayashree Mohanraj, Sage texts
8. Professional Communication, Aruna Koneru, Mc Grawhill Education
9. Cornerstone, Developing soft skills, Pearson Education

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COMPUTER PROGRAMMING LAB
OBJECTIVES:
? Understand the basic concept of C Programming, and its different modules that includes
conditional and looping expressions, Arrays, Strings, Functions, Pointers, Structures and
File programming.
? Acquire knowledge about the basic concept of writing a program.
? Role of constants, variables, identifiers, operators, type conversion and other building
blocks of C Language.
? Use of conditional expressions and looping statements to solve problems associated with
conditions and repetitions.
? Role of Functions involving the idea of modularity.
Programming

Exercise - 1 Basics
a) What is an OS Command, Familiarization of Editors - vi, Emacs
b) Using commands like mkdir, ls, cp, mv, cat, pwd, and man
c) C Program to Perform Adding, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division of two numbers
From Command line
Exercise - 2 Basic Math
a) Write a C Program to Simulate 3 Laws at Motion
b) Write a C Program to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit and vice versa
Exercise - 3 Control Flow - I
a)Write a C Program to Find Whether the Given Year is a Leap Year or not.
b)Write a C Program to Add Digits & Multiplication of a number
Exercise ? 4 Control Flow - II
a)Write a C Program to Find Whether the Given Number is
i) Prime Number
ii) Armstrong Number
b) Write a C program to print Floyd Triangle
c) Write a C Program to print Pascal Triangle

Exercise ? 5 Functions
a) Write a C Program demonstrating of parameter passing in Functions and returning values.
b) Write a C Program illustrating Fibonacci, Factorial with Recursion without Recursion

Exercise ? 6 Control Flow - III
a) Write a C Program to make a simple Calculator to Add, Subtract, Multiply or Divide Using
switch...case
b) Write a C Program to convert decimal to binary and hex (using switch call function the
function)
Exercise ? 7 Functions - Continued
Write a C Program to compute the values ofsin x and cos x and e^x values using Series
expansion. (use factorial function)
Exercise ? 8 Arrays
Demonstration of arrays
a) Search-Linear.
b) Sorting-Bubble, Selection.
c) Operations on Matrix.
Exercises - 9 Structures
a)Write a C Program to Store Information of a Movie Using Structure
b)Write a C Program to Store Information Using Structures with Dynamically Memory
Allocation
c) Write a C Program to Add Two Complex Numbers by Passing Structure to a Function
Exercise - 10 Arrays and Pointers
a)Write a C Program to Access Elements of an Array Using Pointer
b) Write a C Program to find the sum of numbers with arrays and pointers.
Exercise ? 11 Dynamic Memory Allocations
a)
Write a C program to find sum of n elements entered by user. To perform this
program, allocate memory dynamically using malloc () function.
b) Write a C program to find sum of n elements entered by user. To perform this program,
allocate memory dynamically using calloc () function.
Understand the difference between the above two programs
Exercise ? 12 Strings
a) Implementation of string manipulation operations with library function.
i) copy
ii) concatenate
iii) length
iv) compare
b) Implementation of string manipulation operations without library function.
i) copy
ii) concatenate
iii) length
iv) compare

Exercise -13 Files
a)Write a C programming code to open a file and to print it contents on screen.
b)Write a C program to copy files
Exercise - 14 Files Continued
a) Write a C program merges two files and stores their contents in another file.
b) Write a C program to delete a file.
OUTCOMES:
? Apply and practice logical ability to solve the problems.
? Understand C programming development environment, compiling, debugging, and linking
and executing a program using the development environment
? Analyzing the complexity of problems, Modularize the problems into small modules and
then convert them into programs
? Understand and apply the in-built functions and customized functions for solving the
problems.
? Understand and apply the pointers, memory allocation techniques and use of files for
dealing with variety of problems.
? Document and present the algorithms, flowcharts and programs in form of user-manuals
?Identification of various computer components, Installation of software
Note:
a) All the Programs must be executed in the Linux Environment. (Mandatory)
b) The Lab record must be a print of the LATEX (.tex) Format.

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ENGLISH -II
Introduction:
In view of the growing importance of English as a tool for global communication and the
consequent emphasis on training the students to acquire communicative competence, the
syllabus has been designed to develop linguistic and communicative competence of the
students of Engineering.
As far as the detailed Textbooks are concerned, the focus should be on the skills of
listening, speaking, reading and writing. The nondetailed Textbooks are meant for extensive
reading for pleasure and profit.
Thus the stress in the syllabus in primarily on the development of communicative skills
and fostering of ideas.
Objectives:
1. To imporve the language proficiency of the students in English with emphasis on
LSRW skills.
2. To enable the students to study and comprehend the prescribed lessons and subjects
more effectively relating to their theorotical and practical components.
3. To develop the communication skills of the students in both formal and informal
situations.
LISTENING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To enable the students to appreciate the role of listening skill and improve their
pronounciation.
2. To enable the students to comprehend the speech of people belonging to different
backgrounds and regions.
3. To enable the students to listen for general content, to fill up information and for
specific information.
SPEAKING SKILLS:
Objectives:
1. To make the students aware of the importance of speaking for their personal and
professional communication.
2. To enable the students to express themselves fluently and accurately in social and
professional success.
3. To help the students describe objects, situations and people.
4. To make the students participate in group activities like roleplays, discussions and
debates.
5. To make the students particiapte in Just a Minute talks.

I mid exam + II mid exam (15% for descriptive tests+10% for online tests)= 25%
(80% for the best of two and 20% for the other)
Assignments= 5%
End semester exams=70%
5. Three take home assignments are to be given to the learners where they will have to
read texts from the reference books list or other sources and write their gist in their
own words.
The following text books are recommended for study in I B.Tech II Semester (Common for
all branches)and I B.Pharma II Sem of JNTU Kakinada from the academic year 2016-17 (R-
16 Regulations)
DETAILED TEXTBOOK: ENGLISH ENCOUNTERS Published by Maruthi
Publishers.
DETAILED NON-DETAIL:THE GREAT INDIAN SCIENTISTS Published by
Cenguage learning
The course content along with the study material is divided into six units.
UNIT 1:
1. ' The Greatest Resource- Education' from English Encounters
OBJECTIVE:
Schumacher describes the education system by saying that it was mere training, something
more than mere knowledge of facts.
OUTCOME:
The lesson underscores that the ultimate aim of Education is to enhance wisdom.
2. ' A P J Abdul Kalam' from The Great Indian Scientists.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson highlights Abdul Kalam's contributions to Indian science and the awards he
received.
OUTCOME:
Abdul Kalam's simple life and service to the nation inspires the readers to follow in his
footsteps.

UNIT 2:
1. ' A Dilemma' from English Encounters
OBJECTIVE: The lesson centres on the pros and cons of the development of science and
technology.
OUTCOME: The lesson enables the students to promote peaceful co-existence and universal
harmony among people and society.
2. 'C V Raman' from The Great Indian Scientists.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson highlights the dedicated research work of C V Raman and his achievements in
Physics.

OUTCOME:
The Achievements of C V Raman are inspiring and exemplary to the readers and all
scientists.
UNIT 3:
1. 'Cultural Shock': Adjustments to new Cultural Environments from English Encounters.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson depicts of the symptoms of Cultural Shock and the aftermath consequences.
OUTCOME:
The lesson imparts the students to manage different cultural shocks due to globalization.
2. 'Homi Jehangir Bhabha' from The Great Indian Scientists.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson highlights Homi Jehangir Bhabha's contributions to Indian nuclear programme as
architect.
OUTCOME:
The seminal contributions of Homi Jehangir Bhabha to Indian nuclear programme provide an
aspiration to the readers to serve the nation and sterngthen it.
UNIT 4:
1. 'The Lottery' from English Encounters.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson highlights insightful commentary on cultural traditions.
OUTCOME:
The theme projects society's need to re examine its traditions when they are outdated.
2. 'Jagadish Chandra Bose' from The Great Indian Scientists.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson gives an account of the unique discoveries and inventions of Jagadish Chandra
Bose in Science.
OUTCOME: The Scientific discoveries and inventions of Jagadish Chandra Bose provide
inspiration to the readers to make their own contributions to science and technology, and
strengthen the nation.

UNIT 5:
1. ' The Health Threats of Climate Change' from English Encounters.
OBJECTIVE:
The essay presents several health disorders that spring out due to environmental changes
OUTCOME:
The lesson offers several inputs to protect environment for the sustainability of the future
generations.
2. ' Prafulla Chandra Ray' from The Great Indian Scientists.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson given an account of the experiments and discoveries in Pharmaceuticals of
Prafulla Chandra Ray.
OUTCOME:
Prafulla Chandra Ray's scientific achievements and patriotic fervour provide inspiration to
the reader.

UNIT 6:
1. ' The Chief Software Architect' from English Encounters
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson supports the developments of technology for the betterment of human life.
OUTCOME:
Pupil get inspired by eminent personalities who toiled for the present day advancement of
software development.
2. ' Srinivasa Ramanujan' from The Great Indian Scientists.
OBJECTIVE:
The lesson highlights the extraordinary achievements of Srinivasa Ramanujan, a great
mathematician and the most romantic figure in mathematics.
OUTCOME:
The lesson provides inspiration to the readers to think and tap their innate talents.

NOTE:
All the exercises given in the prescribed lessons in both detailed and non-detailed textbooks
relating to the theme and language skills must be covered
.
MODEL QUESTION PAPER FOR THEORY
PART- I
Six short answer questions on 6 unit themes
One question on eliciting student's response to any of the themes
PART-II
Each question should be from one unit and the last question can be a combination of two or
more units.
Each question should have 3 sub questions: A,B & C
A will be from the main text: 5 marks
B from non-detailed text: 3 marks
C on grammar and Vocabulary: 6 marks

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MATHEMATICS-II (Mathematical Methods)

Course Objectives:
1. The course is designed to equip the students with the necessary mathematical skills
and techniques that are essential for an engineering course.
2. The skills derived from the course will help the student from a necessary base to
develop analytic and design concepts.
3. Understand the most basic numerical methods to solve simultaneous linear
equations.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the Course, Student will be able to:
1. Calculate a root of algebraic and transcendental equations. Explain relation
between the finite difference operators.
2. Compute interpolating polynomial for the given data.
3. Solve ordinary differential equations numerically using Euler's and RK method.
4. Find Fourier series and Fourier transforms for certain functions.
5. Identify/classify and solve the different types of partial differential equations.
UNIT I: Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations:
Introduction- Bisection method ? Method of false position ? Iteration method ? Newton-
Raphson method (One variable and simultaneous Equations).
UNIT II: Interpolation:
Introduction- Errors in polynomial interpolation ? Finite differences- Forward differences-
Backward differences ?Central differences ? Symbolic relations and separation of symbols -
Differences of a polynomial-Newton's formulae for interpolation ? Interpolation with
unequal intervals - Lagrange's interpolation formula.
UNIT III: Numerical Integration and solution of Ordinary Differential equations:
Trapezoidal rule- Simpson's 1/3rd and 3/8th rule-Solution of ordinary differential equations
by Taylor's series-Picard's method of successive approximations-Euler's method - Runge-
Kutta method (second and fourth order).
UNIT IV: Fourier Series:
Introduction- Periodic functions ? Fourier series of -periodic function - Dirichlet's conditions
? Even and odd functions ?Change of interval? Half-range sine and cosine series.
UNIT V: Applications of PDE:
Method of separation of Variables- Solution of One dimensional Wave, Heat and two-
dimensional Laplace equation.

UNIT VI: Fourier Transforms:
Fourier integral theorem (without proof) ? Fourier sine and cosine integrals - sine and cosine
transforms ? properties ? inverse transforms ? Finite Fourier transforms.

Text Books:
1. B.S.Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, 43rd Edition, Khanna Publishers.
2. N.P.Bali, Engineering Mathematics, Lakshmi Publications.
Reference Books:
1. Dean G. Duffy, Advanced engineering mathematics with MATLAB, CRC Press
2. V.Ravindranath and P.Vijayalakshmi, Mathematical Methods, Himalaya
Publishing House.
3. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 10th Edition, Wiley-India
4. David Kincaid, Ward Cheney, Numerical Analysis-Mathematics of Scientific
Computing, 3rd Edition, Universities Press.
5. Srimanta Pal, Subodh C.Bhunia, Engineering Mathematics, Oxford University
Press.
6. Dass H.K., Rajnish Verma. Er., Higher Engineering Mathematics, S. Chand Co.
Pvt. Ltd, Delhi.

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MATHEMATICS-III
Course Objectives:
1. The course is designed to equip the students with the necessary mathematical skills
and techniques that are essential for an engineering course.
2. The skills derived from the course will help the student from a necessary base to
develop analytic and design concepts.
3. Understand the most basic numerical methods to solve simultaneous linear
equations.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the Course, Student will be able to:
1. Determine rank, Eigenvalues and Eigen vectors of a given matrix and solve
simultaneous linear equations.
2. Solve simultaneous linear equations numerically using various matrix methods.
3. Determine double integral over a region and triple integral over a volume.
4. Calculate gradient of a scalar function, divergence and curl of a vector function.
Determine line, surface and volume integrals. Apply Green, Stokes and Gauss
divergence theorems to calculate line, surface and volume integrals.
UNIT I: Linear systems of equations:
Rank-Echelon form-Normal form ? Solution of linear systems ? Gauss elimination - Gauss
Jordon- Gauss Jacobi and Gauss Seidal methods.Applications: Finding the current in
electrical circuits.
UNIT II: Eigen values - Eigen vectors and Quadratic forms:
Eigen values - Eigen vectors? Properties ? Cayley-Hamilton theorem - Inverse and powers of
a matrix by using Cayley-Hamilton theorem- Diagonalization- Quadratic forms- Reduction of
quadratic form to canonical form ? Rank - Positive, negative and semi definite - Index ?
Signature.
Applications: Free vibration of a two-mass system.
UNIT III: Multiple integrals:
Curve tracing: Cartesian, Polar and Parametric forms.
Multiple integrals: Double and triple integrals ? Change of variables ? Change of order of
integration.
Applications: Finding Areas and Volumes.
UNIT IV: Special functions:
Beta and Gamma functions- Properties - Relation between Beta and Gamma functions-
Evaluation of improper integrals.
Applications: Evaluation of integrals.
UNIT V: Vector Differentiation:
Gradient- Divergence- Curl - Laplacian and second order operators -Vector identities.
Applications: Equation of continuity, potential surfaces
UNIT VI: Vector Integration:
ine integral ? Work done ? Potential function ? Area- Surface and volume integrals Vector
integral theorems: Greens, Stokes and Gauss Divergence theorems (without proof) and
related problems.
Applications: Work done, Force.

Text Books:
1. B.S.Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, 43rd Edition, Khanna Publishers.
2. N.P.Bali, Engineering Mathematics, Lakshmi Publications.
Reference Books:
1. Greenberg, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 2nd edition, Pearson edn
2. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 10th Edition, Wiley-India
3. Peter O'Neil, Advanced Engineering Mathematics,7th edition, Cengage Learning.
4. D.W. Jordan and T.Smith, Mathematical Techniques, Oxford University Press.
5. Srimanta Pal, Subodh C.Bhunia, Engineering Mathematics, Oxford University
Press.
6. Dass H.K., Rajnish Verma. Er., Higher Engineering Mathematics, S. Chand Co.
Pvt. Ltd, Delhi.

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APPLIED PHYSICS
(CSE, ECE, EEE, IT, EIE, E.Com.E)

OBJECTIVES: Physics curriculum which is re-oriented to the needs of Circuital branches
of graduate engineering courses offered by JNTUniv.Kkd. that serves as a transit to
understand the branch specific advanced topics. The courses are designed to:
? Impart Knowledge of Physical Optics phenomena like Interference, Diffraction and
Polarization involving required to design instruments with higher resolution.
? Teach Concepts of coherent sources, its realization and utility optical
instrumentation.
? Study the concepts regarding the bulk response of materials to the EM fields and their
analytically study in the back-drop of basic quantum mechanics.
? Understand the physics of Semiconductors and their working mechanism for their
utility in sensors.
UNIT-I
INTERFERENCE: Principle of Superposition ? Coherent Sources ? Interference in thin
films (reflection geometry) ? Newton's rings ? construction and basic principle of
Interferometers.
UNIT-II
DIFFRACTION: Fraunhofer diffraction at single slit - Cases of double slit, N-slits &
Circular Aperture (Qualitative treatment only)-Grating equation - Resolving power of a
grating, Telescope and Microscopes.
UNIT-III
POLARIZATION: Types of Polarization ? Methods of production - Nicol Prism -Quarter
wave plate and Half Wave plate ? Working principle of Polarimeter (Sacharimeter).
LASERS: Characteristics? Stimulated emission ? Einstein's Transition Probabilities-
Pumping schemes - Ruby laser ? Helium Neon laser.
UNIT-IV
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS: Scalar and Vector Fields ? Electric Potential- Gradient,
Divergence of fields ? Gauss and Stokes theorems-Propagation of EM waves through
dielectric medium.
UNIT-V
QUANTUM MECHANICS: Introduction - Matter waves ? Schr?edinger Time Independent
and
Time
Dependent
wave
equations
?
Particle
in
a
box.
FREE ELECTRON THEORY: Defects of Classical free electron theory ?Quantum Free
electron theory - concept of Fermi Energy.

UNIT-VI
BAND THEORY OF SOLIDS: Bloch's theorem (qualitative) ? Kronig ? Penney model ?
energy bands in crystalline solids ? classification of crystalline solids? effective mass of
electron & concept of hole.
SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS: Conduction ? Density of carriers in Intrinsic and Extrinsic
semiconductors ? Drift & Diffusion ? relevance of Einstein's equation- Hall effect in
semiconductors

Outcome: Construction and working details of instruments, ie., Interferometer,
Diffractometer and Polarimeter are learnt. Study EM-fields and semiconductors under the
concepts of Quantum mechanics paves way for their optimal utility.

List of Text Books:
1. A Text book of Engineering Physics ? by Dr. M.N.Avadhanulu and Dr.P.G.Kshira
sagar, S.Chand & Company Ltd., (2014)
2. `Solid State Physics' by A.J.Dekker, Mc Millan Publishers (2011)
3. Engineering Physics by D.K.Bhattacharya and Poonam Tandon, Oxford press
(2015)
List of Reference Books:
1. Applied Physics by P.K.Palanisamy, Scitech publications (2014)
2. Lasers and Non-Linear optics by B.B.Laud, New Age International Publishers
(2008).
3. Engineering Physics by M. Arumugam, Anuradha Publication (2014)

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ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT ANALYSIS ? I
Preamble:
This course introduces the basic concepts of circuit analysis which is the foundation for all
subjects of the Electrical Engineering discipline. The emphasis of this course is laid on the
basic analysis of circuits which includes single phase circuits, magnetic circuits, network
theorems, transient analysis and network topology.
Learning Objectives:
? To study the concepts of passive elements, types of sources and various network
reduction techniques.
? To understand the applications of network topology to electrical circuits.
? To study the concept of magnetic coupled circuit.
? To understand the behaviour of RLC networks for sinusoidal excitations.
? To study the performance of R-L, R-C and R-L-C circuits with variation of one of the
parameters and to understand the concept of resonance.
? To understand the applications of network theorems for analysis of electrical
networks.
UNIT-I
Introduction to Electrical Circuits
Passive components and their V-I relations. Sources (dependent and independent) -Kirchoff's
laws, Network reduction techniques(series, parallel, series - parallel, star-to-delta and delta-
to-star transformation). source transformation technique, nodal analysis and mesh analysis.
UNIT-II
Network topology
Definitions of Graph and Tree, Basiccutset and tieset matrices for planar networks, Loop and
nodal methods of analysis of networks with dependent and independent voltage and current
sources, Duality and Dual networks.
UNIT-III
Magnetic Circuit
Basic definition of MMF, flux and reluctance. Analogy between electrical and magnetic
circuits.Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction Concept of self and mutual inductance.
Dot convention-coefficient of coupling and composite magnetic circuit.Analysis of series and
parallel magnetic circuits.
UNIT-IV
Single Phase A.C Systems
Periodic waveforms (determination of rms, average value and form factor).Concept of phase
angle and phase difference ? Waveforms and phasor diagrams for lagging, leading networks.
Complex and polar forms of representations, steady state analysis of R, L and C circuits.
Power Factor and its significance real, reactive power and apparent power, waveform of
instantaneous power triangle and complex power

UNIT-V
Analysis of AC Networks
Extension of node and mesh analysis to AC networks, Numerical problems on sinusoidal
steady state analysis, Series and parallel resonance, Selectively band width and Quasi factor,
Introduction to locus diagram.
UNIT-VI
Network theorems (DC & AC Excitations)
Superposition theorem, Thevenin's theorem, Norton's theorem, Maximum Power Transfer
theorem, Reciprocity theorem, Millman's theorem and compensation theorem.
Learning Outcomes:
Students are able to solve
? Various electrical networks in presence of active and passive elements.
? Electrical networks with network topology concepts.
? Any magnetic circuit with various dot conventions.
? Any R, L, C network with sinusoidal excitation.
? Any R, L, network with variation of any one of the parameters i.e R, L, C. and f.
? Electrical networks by using principles of network theorems.
Text Books:
1. Engineering Circuit Analysis by William Hayt and Jack E.Kemmerley,McGraw Hill
Company,6 th edition
2. Network Analysis: Van Valkenburg; Prentice-Hall of India Private Ltd
Reference Books:
1. Fundamentals of Electrical Circuits by Charles K.Alexander and Mathew N.O.Sadiku,
McGraw Hill Education (India)
2. Linear Circuit Analysis by De Carlo, Lin, Oxford publications
3. Electric Circuits? (Schaum's outlines) by MahmoodNahvi& Joseph Edminister,
Adapted by KumaRao, 5th Edition ? McGraw Hill.
4. Electric Circuits by David A. Bell, Oxford publications
5. Introductory Circuit Analysis by Robert L Boylestad, Pearson Publications
6. Circuit Theory(Analysis and Synthesis) by A.Chakrabarthi,DhanpatRai&Co.

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ENGINEERING DRAWING
Objective: Engineering drawing being the principle method of communication for engineers,
the objective to introduce the students, the techniques of constructing the various types of
polygons, curves and scales. The objective is also to visualize and represent the 3D objects in
2D planes with proper dimensioning, scaling etc.
? To introduce the use and the application of drawing instruments and to make the
students construct the polygons, curves and various types of scales. The student will
be able to understand the need to enlarge or reduce the size of objects in representing
them.
? To introduce orthographic projections and to project the points and lines parallel to
one plane and inclined to other.
? To make the students draw the projections of the lines inclined to both the planes.
? To make the students draw the projections of the plane inclined to both the planes.
? To make the students draw the projections of the various types of solids in different
positions inclined to one of the planes.
? To represent the object in 3D view through isometric views. The student will be able
to represent and convert the isometric view to orthographic view and vice versa.

UNIT I Polygons, Construction of regular polygons using given length of a side; Ellipse,
arcs of circles and Oblong methods; Scales ? Vernier and Diagonal scales.

UNIT II Introduction to orthographic projections; projections of points; projections of
straight lines parallel to both the planes; projections of straight lines ? parallel to one plane
and inclined to the other plane.

UNIT III Projections of straight lines inclined to both the planes, determination of true
lengths, angle of inclinations and traces.

UNIT IV Projections of planes: regular planes perpendicular/parallel to one plane and
inclined to the other reference plane; inclined to both the reference planes.

UNIT V Projections of Solids ? Prisms, Pyramids, Cones and Cylinders with the axis
inclined to one of the planes.

UNIT VI Conversion of isometric views to orthographic views; Conversion of orthographic
views to isometric views.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Engineering Drawing, N. D. Butt, Chariot Publications
2. Engineering Drawing, K. L. Narayana & P. Kannaiah, Scitech Publishers.
3. Engineering Graphics, P.I. Varghese, McGraw Hill Publishers
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Engineering Graphics for Degree, K. C. John, PHI Publishers
2. Engineering Drawing, Agarwal & Agarwal, Tata McGraw Hill Publishers
3. Engineering Drawing + AutoCad ? K Venugopal, V. Prabhu Raja, New Age

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2
ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB- II
PRESCRIBED LAB MANUAL FOR SEMESTER II:
'INTERACT: English Lab Manual for Undergraduate Students' Published by Orient
Blackswan Pvt Ltd.
OBJECTIVES:
To enable the students to learn demonstratively the communication skills of listening,
speaking, reading and writing.
OUTCOME:
A study of the communicative items in the laboratory will help the students become
successful in the competitive world.
The course content along with the study material is divided into six units.
UNIT 1:
1. Debating
Practice work
UNIT 2:
1. Group Discussions
Practice work
UNIT 3:
1. Presentation Skills
Practice work
UNIT 4:
1. Interview Skills
Practice work
UNIT 5:
1. Email,
2. Curriculum Vitae
Practice work
UNIT 6:
1. Idiomatic Expressions
2. Common Errors in English
Practice work

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2

APPLIED/ENGINEERING PHYSICS LAB
(Any 10 of the following listed experiments)
Objective: Training field oriented Engineering graduates to handle instruments and
their design methods to improve the accuracy of measurements.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Determination of wavelength of a source-Diffraction Grating-Normal incidence.
2. Newton's rings ? Radius of Curvature of Plano - Convex Lens.
3. Determination of thickness of a spacer using wedge film and parallel interference
fringes.
4. Determination of Rigidity modulus of a material- Torsional Pendulum.
5. Determination of Acceleration due to Gravity and Radius of Gyration- Compound
Pendulum.
6. Melde's experiment ? Transverse and Longitudinal modes.
7. Verification of laws of vibrations in stretched strings ? Sonometer.
8. Determination of velocity of sound ? Volume Resonator.
9. L- C- R Series Resonance Circuit.
10. Study of I/V Characteristics of Semiconductor diode.
11. I/V characteristics of Zener diode.
12. Characteristics of Thermistor ? Temperature Coefficients.
13. Magnetic field along the axis of a current carrying coil ? Stewart and Gee's
apparatus.
14. Energy Band gap of a Semiconductor p - n junction.
15. Hall Effect in semiconductors.
16. Time constant of CR circuit.
17. Determination of wavelength of laser source using diffraction grating.
18. Determination of Young's modulus by method of single cantilever oscillations.
19. Determination of lattice constant ? lattice dimensions kit.
20. Determination of Planck's constant using photocell.
21. Determination of surface tension of liquid by capillary rise method.

Outcome: Physics lab curriculum gives fundamental understanding of design of an
instrument with targeted accuracy for physical measurements.

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2
0
APPLIED/ENGINEERING PHYSICS - VIRTUAL LABS ? ASSIGNMENTS
(Constitutes 5% marks of 30marks of Internal-component)

Objective: Training Engineering students to prepare a technical document and

improving their writing skills.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Hall Effect
2. Crystal Structure
3. Hysteresis
4. Brewster's angle
5. Magnetic Levitation / SQUID
6. Numerical Aperture of Optical fiber
7. Photoelectric Effect
8. Simple Harmonic Motion
9. Damped Harmonic Motion
10. LASER ? Beam Divergence and Spot size
11. B-H curve
12. Michelson's interferometer
13. Black body radiation
URL: www.vlab.co.in

Outcome: Physics Virtual laboratory curriculum in the form of assignment ensures
an engineering graduate to prepare a /technical/mini-project/ experimental report
with scientific temper.

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2
ENGINEERING WORKSHOP & IT WORKSHOP
ENGINEERING WORKSHOP:
Course Objective: To impart hands-on practice on basic engineering trades and skills.
Note: At least two exercises to be done from each trade.
Trade:
Carpentry

1. T-Lap Joint
2. Cross Lap Joint
3. Dovetail Joint
4. Mortise and Tennon Joint
Fitting

1. Vee Fit
2. Square Fit
3. Half Round Fit
4. Dovetail Fit
Black Smithy
1. Round rod to Square
2. S-Hook
3. Round Rod to Flat Ring
4. Round Rod to Square headed bolt
House Wiring
1. Parallel / Series Connection of three bulbs
2. Stair Case wiring
3. Florescent Lamp Fitting
4. Measurement of Earth Resistance
Tin Smithy

1. Taper Tray
2. Square Box without lid
3. Open Scoop
4. Funnel

IT WORKSHOP:
Objectives: Enabling the student to understand basic hardware and software tools through
practical exposure
PC Hardware:
Identification of basic peripherals, assembling a PC, installation of system software like MS
Windows, device drivers. Troubleshooting Hardware and software _ some tips and tricks.
Internet & World Wide Web:
Different ways of hooking the PC on to the internet from home and workplace and
effectively usage of the internet, web browsers, email, newsgroups and discussion forums
.Awareness of cyber hygiene( protecting the personal computer from getting infected with the
viruses), worms and other cyber attacks .
Productivity tools Crafting professional word documents; excel spread sheets, power point
presentations and personal web sites using the Microsoft suite of office tools
(Note: Student should be thoroughly exposed to minimum of 12 Tasks)

PC Hardware
Task 1:Identification of the peripherals of a computer.
To prepare a report containing the block diagram of the CPU along with the configuration of
each peripheral and its functions. Description of various I/O Devices
Task 2(Optional): A practice on disassembling the components of a PC and assembling
them to back to working condition.
Task 3: Examples of Operating systems- DOS, MS Windows,Installation of MS windows
on a PC.
Task 4: Introduction to Memory and Storage Devices , I/O Port, Device Drivers, Assemblers,
Compilers, Interpreters , Linkers, Loaders.
Task 5:
Hardware Troubleshooting (Demonstration):
Identification of a problem and fixing a defective PC (improper assembly or defective
peripherals).
Software Troubleshooting (Demonstration):. Identification of a problem and fixing the PC
for any software issues
Internet & Networking Infrastructure

Task 6: Demonstrating Importance of Networking, Transmission Media, Networking
Devices- Gateway, Routers, Hub, Bridge, NIC ,Bluetooth Technology, Wireless Technology,
Modem, DSL, Dialup Connection.
Orientation & Connectivity Boot Camp and web browsing: Students are trained to
configure the network settings to connect to the Internet. They are trained to demonstrate the
same through web browsing (including all tool bar options) and email access.
Task 7: Search Engines & Netiquette:
Students are enabled to use search engines for simple search, academic search and any other
context based search (Bing, Google etc). Students are acquainted to the principles of micro-
blogging, wiki, collaboration using social networks, participating in online technology
forums
Task 8: Cyber Hygiene (Demonstration): Awareness of various threats on the internet.
Importance of security patch updates and anti-virus solutions. Ethical Hacking, Firewalls,
Multi-factor authentication techniques including Smartcard, Biometrics are also practiced
Word

Task 9: MS Word Orientation:
Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving files, Using help and resources, rulers, formatting
,Drop Cap , Applying Text effects, Using Character Spacing, OLE in Word, using templates,
Borders and Colors, Inserting Header and Footer, Using Date and Time option, security
features in word, converting documents while saving
Task 10: Creating project : Abstract Features to be covered:-Formatting Styles, Inserting
table, Bullets and Numbering, Changing Text Direction, Cell alignment, Footnote, Hyperlink,
Symbols, Spell Check , Track Changes, Images from files and clipart, Drawing toolbar and
Word Art, Formatting Images, Textboxes and Paragraphs.
Excel
Task 11: Using spread sheet features of EXCEL including the macros, formulae, pivot tables,
graphical representations
Creating a Scheduler - Features to be covered:- Gridlines, Format Cells, Summation, auto
fill, Formatting Text
LOOKUP/VLOOKUP

Task 12: Performance Analysis - Features to be covered:- Split cells, freeze panes, group
and outline, Sorting, Boolean and logical operators, Conditional formatting
Power Point
Task 13: Students will be working on basic power point utilities and tools which help them
create basic power point presentation. Topic covered during this week includes :- PPT
Orientation, Slide Layouts, Inserting Text, Word Art, Formatting Text, Bullets and
Numbering, Auto Shapes, Lines and Arrows, Hyperlinks, Inserting ?Images, Clip Art, Tables
and Charts in Powerpoint.
Task 14: Focusing on the power and potential of Microsoft power point. Helps them learn
best practices in designing and preparing power point presentation. Topic covered during this
week includes: - Master Layouts (slide, template, and notes), Types of views (basic,
presentation, slide slotter, notes etc), Inserting ? Background, textures, Design Templates,
Hidden slides, OLE in PPT.

TEXT BOOK:
Faculty to consolidate the workshop manuals using the following references
1. Computer Fundamentals, Anita Goel, Pearson
2. Scott Mueller's Upgrading and Repairing PCs, 18/e, Scott. Mueller, QUE, Pearson,2008
3. Information Technology Workshop, 3e, G. Praveen Babu, M. V. Narayana BS
Publications.
4. Comdex Information Technology , Vikas Gupta, dreamtech.
REFERENCE:

Essential Computer and IT Fundamentals for Engineering and Science Students, N. B.
Venkateswarlu

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ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT ANALYSIS-II

Preamble :
This course aims at study of three phase systems, transient analysis, network synthesis and
fourier analysis for the future study and analysis of power systems.
Learning Objectives:
? To study the concepts of balancedand unbalanced three-phase circuits.
? To study the transient behaviour of electrical networks with DC, pulse and AC
excitations.
? To study the performance of a network based on input and output excitation/response.
? To understand the realization of electrical network function into electrical equivalent
passive elements.
? To understand the application of fourier series and fourier transforms for analysis of
electrical circuits.
UNIT-I Balanced Three phase circuits
Phase sequence- star and delta connection - relation between line and phase voltages and
currents - analysis of balanced three phase circuits - measurement of active and reactive
power.
UNIT-II Unbalanced Three phase circuits
Analysis of three phase unbalanced circuits: Loop method ? Star-Delta transformation
technique, Two wattmeter methods for measurement of three phase power.
UNIT-III Transient Analysis in DC and AC circuits
Transient response of R-L, R-C, R-L-C circuits for DC and AC excitations, Solution using
differential equations and Laplace transforms.
UNIT-IV Two Port Networks
Two port network parameters ? Z, Y, ABCD and Hybrid parameters and their relations,
Cascaded networks - Poles and zeros of network functions.
UNIT-V Network synthesis
Positive real function - basic synthesis procedure - LC immittance functions - RC impedance
functions and RL admittance function - RL impedance function and RC admittance function -
Foster and Cauer methods.
UNIT-VI Fourier analysis and Transforms
Fourier theorem- Trigonometric form and exponential form of Fourier series, Conditions of
symmetry- line spectra and phase angle spectra, Analysis of electrical circuits to non
sinusoidal periodic waveforms.
Fourier integrals and Fourier transforms ? properties of Fourier transforms physical
significance of the Fourier Transform and its application to electrical circuits.

Learning Outcomes:
? Students are able to solve three- phase circuits under balanced and unbalanced
condition
? Students are able find the transient response of electrical networks for different types
of excitations.
? Students are able to find parameters for different types of network.
? Students are able to realize electrical equivalent network for a given network transfer
function.
? Students are able to extract different harmonics components from the response of a
electrical network.
Text Books:
1. Engineering Circuit Analysis by William Hayt and Jack E.Kemmerley,McGraw Hill
Company,6 th edition
2. Network synthesis: Van Valkenburg; Prentice-Hall of India Private Ltd
Reference Books:
1. Fundamentals of Electrical Circuits by Charles K.Alexander and Mathew N.O.Sadiku,
McGraw Hill Education (India)
2. Introduction to circuit analysis and design by TildonGlisson. Jr, Springer
Publications.
3. Circuits by A.Bruce Carlson , Cengage Learning Publications
4. Network Theory Analysis and Synthesis by SmarajitGhosh, PHI publications
5. Networks and Systems by D. Roy Choudhury, New Age International publishers
6. Electric Circuits by David A. Bell, Oxford publications
7. Circuit Theory (Analysis and Synthesis) by A.Chakrabarthi,DhanpatRai&Co.

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ELECTRICAL MACHINES ? I

Preamble:
This is a basic course on rotating electrical machines. This course covers the topics related to
principles, performance, applications and design considerations of dc machines and
transformers.
Learning objectives:
? Understand the unifying principles of electromagnetic energy conversion.
? Understand the construction, principle of operation and performance of DC machines.
? Learn the characteristics, performance,methods of speed control and testing methods
of DC motors.
? To predetermine the performance of single phase transformers with equivalent circuit
models.
? Understand the methods of testing of single-phase transformer.
? Analyze the three phase transformers and achieve three phase to two phase
conversion.
UNIT?I:
Electromechanical Energy Conversion and introduction to DC machines
Principles of electromechanical energy conversion ? singly excited and multi excited system
? Calculation of force and torque using the concept of co-energy.
Construction and principle of operation of DC machine ? EMF equation for generator ?
Classification of DC machines based on excitation ? OCC of DC shunt generator.
UNIT?II:
Performance of D.C. Machines
Torque and back-emf equations of dc motors? Armature reaction and commutation ?
characteristics of separately-excited, shunt, series and compound motors - losses and
efficiency- applications of dc motors.
UNIT-III:
Starting, Speed Control and Testing of D.C. Machines
Necessity of starter ? Starting by 3 point and 4 point starters ? Speed control by armature
voltage and field control ? testing of DC machines - brake test, Swinburne's method ?
principle of regenerative or Hopkinson's method - retardation test -- separation of losses.
UNIT?IV:
Single-phase Transformers
Types and constructional details - principle of operation - emf equation - operation on no load
and on load ? lagging, leading and unity power factors loads - phasor diagrams of
transformers ? equivalent circuit ? regulation ? losses and efficiency ? effect of variation of
frequency and supply voltage on losses ? All day efficiency.

UNIT-V
Single-phase Transformers Testing
Tests on single phase transformers ? open circuit and short circuit tests ? Sumpner's test ?
separation of losses ? parallel operation with equal voltage ratios ? auto transformer -
equivalent circuit ? comparison with two winding transformers.
UNIT-VI
3-Phase Transformers
Polyphase connections - Y/Y, Y/, /Y, / and open -- Third harmonics in phase voltages
- three winding transformers: determination of Zp, Zs and Zt -- transients in switching - off
load and on load tap changers -- Scott connection.
Learning outcomes:
? Able to assimilate the concepts of electromechanical energy conversion.
? Able to mitigate the ill-effects of armature reaction and improve commutation in dc
machines.
? Able to understand the torque production mechanism and control the speed of dc
motors.
? Able to analyze the performance of single phase transformers.
? Able to predetermine regulation, losses and efficiency of single phase transformers.
? Able to parallel transformers, control voltages with tap changing methods and achieve
three-phase to two-phase transformation.
Text Books:
1. Electrical Machines ? P.S. Bhimbra, Khanna Publishers
2. Electric Machinery by A.E.Fitzgerald,Charleskingsley,StephenD.Umans, TMH
Reference Books:
1. Electrical Machines by D. P.Kothari, I .J .Nagarth,McGrawHill Publications, 4th edition
2. Electrical Machines by R.K.Rajput, Lakshmi publications,5th edition.
3. Electrical Machinery by AbijithChakrabarthi and SudhiptaDebnath,McGraw Hill
education 2015
4. Electrical Machinery Fundamentals by Stephen J Chapman McGraw Hill
education 2010
5. Electric Machines by MulukutlaS.Sarma&Mukeshk.Pathak, CENGAGE Learning.
6. Theory & Performance of Electrical Machines by J.B.Guptha. S.K.Kataria& Sons

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BASIC ELECTRONICS AND DEVICES

Preamble:
This course introduces the concepts of semi-conductor physics and operation of
various semi-conductor devices. Realization of rectifiers, amplifiers and oscillators using
semi-conductor devices and their analysis is also introduced in this course.
Unit-I:
Objective:
To learn the basics of semiconductor physics.
Review of Semi Conductor Physics: Insulators, Semi conductors, and Metals classification
using Energy Band Diagrams, Mobility and Conductivity, Electrons and holes in Intrinsic
Semi conductors, Extrinsic Semi Conductor, (P and N Type semiconductor) Hall effect,
Generation and Recombination of Charges, Diffusion, Continuity Equation, Injected Minority
Carriers, Law of Junction, Introduction to fermi level in Intrinsic, Extrinsic semi conductors
with necessary mathematics

Outcome:
Students are able to understand the basic concepts of semiconductor physics, which are useful
to understand the operation of diodes and transistors.
Unit-II:
Objective:
To study the construction details, operation and characteristics of various semiconductor
diodes.

Junction Diode Characteristics
Operation and characteristics of p-n junction diode. Current components in p-n diode, diode
equation. Temperature dependence on V?I characteristic, diffusion capacitance and diode
resistance (static and dynamic), energy band diagram of p-n diode.
Special Diodes: Avalanche and Zener break down, Zener characteristics, tunnel diode,
characteristics with the help of energy band diagrams, Varactor diode, LED, PIN diode,
Photo diode

Outcome:
Students are able to explain the operation and characteristics of PN junction diode and special
diodes.
Unit-III:
Objective:
To understand the operation and analysis of rectifiers with and without filters. Further study
the operation of series and shunt regulators using zener diodes.

Rectifiers and Regulators
Half wave rectifier, ripple factor, full wave rectifier (with and without transformer), harmonic
components in a rectifier circuit, inductor filter, capacitor filter, L-section filter, - section
filter, and comparison of various filter circuits in terms of ripple factors. Simple circuit of a
regulator using Zener diode. Types of regulators-series and shunt voltage regulators, over
load voltage protection.

Outcome:
Ability to understand operation and design aspects of rectifiers and regulators.
Unit-IV:
Objective:
To study the characteristics of different bipolar junction transistors and their biasing
stabilization and compensation techniques. To analyze transistor amplifiers using h-
parameters.

Transistors
Junction transistor, transistor current components, transistor as an amplifier and switch.
Characteristics of transistor (CE, CB and CC configurations). Transistor biasing and thermal
stabilization (to fixed bias, collector to base bias, self bias). Compensation against variation
in base emitter voltage and collector current. Thermal runaway. Hybrid model of transistor.
Analysis of transistor amplifier using h-parameters

Outcome:
Students are able to understand the characteristics of various transistor configurations. They
become familiar with different biasing, stabilization and compensation techniques used in
transistor circuits.
Unit- V:
Objective:
To understand the basics of FET,Thyristors, Power IGBTs and Power MOSFETs.

Power semiconductor devices
Principle of operation and characteristics of Thyristors, Silicon control rectifiers, power
IGBT and power MOSFET their ratings. Comparison of power devices.
FET: JFET Characteristics (Qualitative explanation), MOFET Characteristics?static and
Transfer (enhancement and depletion mode), low frequency model of FET, FET as an
amplifier.

Outcome:
Students are able to understand the operation and characteristics of FET, Thyristors, Power
IGBTs and Power MOSFETs.
Unit VI :
Objective:
To understand the concepts of positive and negative feedbacks and their role in amplifiers
and oscillators.

Amplifiers and oscillators
Feedback Amplifiers -classification, feedback concept, transfer gain and general
characteristics of negative feedback amplifiers, effect of feedback on input and output
resistances. Methods of analysis of feedback amplifiers.
Power Amplifiers ? Classification, push-pull amplifiers, Introduction to harmonics (distortion
factor.
Oscillators ? Condition for oscillation, RC-phase shift oscillator. Wein bridge oscillator,
Crystal oscillator. Frequency and amplitude stability of oscillators.

Outcome:
Students are able to understand the merits and demerits of positive and negative feedback and
the role of feedback in oscillators and amplifiers.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Electronic Devices and Circuits ? J. Millman, C.C. Halkias, Tata Mc-Graw Hill
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Electronic Devices and Circuits by David A. Bell, Oxford University Press
2. Electronic Devices and Circuits ? Salivahanan, Kumar, Vallavaraj, TATA McGraw
Hill, Second Edition
3. Electronic Devices and Circuits ? R.L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky,
Pearson/Prentice Hall, 9thEdition, 2006

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ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS

Preamble:
Electromagnetic fields are the pre-requisite for most of the subjects in the gamut of electrical
engineering. The study of this subject enables students to understand and interpret the
phenomenon pertinent to electrical engineering using microscopic quantities such as electric
and magnetic field intensities, scalar and vector potentials.
Learning objectives:
? To study the production of electric field and potentials due to different configurations
of static charges.
? To study the properties of conductors and dielectrics, calculate the capacitance of
various configurations and understand the concept of conduction and convection
current densities.
? To study the magnetic fields produced by currents in different configurations,
application of ampere's law and the Maxwell's second and third equations.
? To study the magnetic force and torque through Lorentz force equation in magnetic
field environment like conductors and other current loops.
? To develop the concept of self and mutual inductances and the energy stored.
? To study time varying and Maxwell's equations in different forms and Maxwell's
fourth equation for the induced e.m.f.
UNIT ? I Electrostatics:
Electrostatic Fields ? Coulomb's Law ? Electric Field Intensity (EFI) ? EFI due to a line and
a surface charge ? Work done in moving a point charge in an electrostatic field ? Electric
Potential ? Properties of potential function ? Potential gradient ? Guass's law ?? Maxwell's
first law, div( D )=v Laplace's and Poison's equations and Solution of Laplace's equation in
one variable.
UNIT ? II Conductors ? Dielectrics and Capacitance:
Electric dipole ? Dipole moment ? potential and EFI due to an electric dipole ? Torque on an
Electric dipole in an electric field ? Behaviour of conductors in an electric field ? Conductors
and Insulators
Polarization ? Boundary conditions between conduction to Dielectric and dielectric to
dielectrics capacitance ? capacitance of parallel plates, spherical and coaxial cables with
composite dielectrics ?Energy stored and energy density in a static electric field ? Current
density ? conduction and Convection current densities ? Ohm's law in point form ? Equation
of continuity
UNIT ? III Magneto statics and Ampere's Law:
Static magnetic fields ? Biot-Savart's law ? Oesterd's experiment - Magnetic field intensity
(MFI) ? MFI due to a straight current carrying filament ? MFI due to circular, square and
solenoid current ? Carrying wire ? Relation between magnetic flux, magnetic flux density
and MFI ? Maxwell's second Equation, div(B)=0 ?Ampere's circuital law and its
applications viz. MFI due to an infinite sheet of current and a long filament carrying
conductor ? Point form of Ampere's circuital law ?Field due to a circular loop, rectangular
and square loops, Maxwell's third equation, Curl (H)=J.

UNIT ? IV Force in Magnetic fields:
Magnetic force - Moving charges in a Magnetic field ? Lorentz force equation ? force on a
current element in a magnetic field ? Force on a straight and a long current carrying
conductor in a magnetic field ? Force between two straight long and parallel current carrying
conductors ? Magnetic dipole and dipole moment ? a differential current loop as a magnetic
dipole ? Torque on a current loop placed in a magnetic field.
UNIT ? V Self and Mutual inductance:
Self and Mutual inductance ? determination of self-inductance of a solenoid and toroid and
mutual inductance between a straight long wire and a square loop wire in the same plane ?
energy stored and density in a magnetic field.
UNIT ? VI Time Varying Fields:
Time varying fields ? Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction ? Its integral and
point forms ? Maxwell's fourth equation, Curl (E)=-B/t ? Statically and Dynamically
induced EMFs ? Simple problems -Modification of Maxwell's equations for time varying
fields ? Displacement current ? Poynting Theorem and Poynting vector.

Learning outcomes:
? To Determine electric fields and potentialsusing guass's lawor solving Laplace's or
Possion's equations, for various electric charge distributions.
? To Calculate and design capacitance, energy stored in dielectrics.
? To Calculate the magnetic field intensity due to current, the application of ampere's
law and the Maxwell's second and third equations.
? To determine the magnetic forces and torque produced by currents in magnetic field
? To determine self and mutual inductances and the energy stored in the magnetic field.
? To calculate induced e.m.f., understand the concepts of displacement current and
Poynting vector.
Text Books:
1."Engineering Electromagnetics" by William H. Hayt& John. A. Buck Mc. Graw-Hill
Companies, 7th Editon.2006.
Reference Books:
1." Principles of Electro Magnetics" by Sadiku, Oxford Publications,4th edition
2."Introduction to Electro Dynamics" by D J Griffiths, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt.Ltd, 2nd
edition
3."Electromagnetic Field Theory" by YaduvirSingh,Pearson.
4.Fundamentals of Engineering Electromagnetics by Sunil Bhooshan,Oxford higher
Education.

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THERMAL AND HYDRO PRIME

MOVERS

Part-A: Thermal prime movers
Course Objectives: To make the student understand the types of prime movers, which
can be connected to generators for power production and should obtain the skills of
performing the necessary calculations with respect to the functioning of the prime
movers.
UNIT I:
Objectives: To make the student learn about the constructional features, operational
details of various types of internal combustion engines through the details of several
engine systems and the basic air standard cycles, that govern the engines. Further, the
student shall be able to calculate the performance of different types of internal
combustion engines.
I.C Engines: Classification, working principles ? valve and port timing diagrams ? air
standard cycles ? Engine systems line fuel injection, carburetion, ignition, cooling and
lubrication ? Engine performance evaluation.
UNIT II:
Objectives: To train the student in the aspects of steam formation and its utilities
through the standard steam data tables and charts. To make the student correlate
between the air standard cycles and the actual cycles that govern the steam turbines. To
train the student to calculate the performance of steam turbines using velocity
diagrams.
Properties of Steam and use of Steam Tables- T-S and H-S Diagrams. Analysis of Various
Thermodynamic Processes under gone by Steam.
Vapor Power Cycles: Carnot Cycle-Rankine Cycle- Thermodynamic Variables Effecting
Efficiency and output of Rankine Cycle-. Analysis of simple Rankine Cycle and Re-heat
cycle
Steam Turbines: Schematic layout of steam power plant Classification of Steam Turbines-
Impulse Turbine and Reaction Turbine- Compounding in Turbines- Velocity Diagrams for
simple Impulse and Reaction Turbines- Work done & efficiency
UNIT III:
Objectives: To impart the knowledge of gas turbine fundamentals, the governing cycles
and the methods to improve the efficiency of gas turbines.
Gas Turbines: Simple gas turbine plant-ideal cycle, closed cycle -open cycle-. Efficiency,
Work ratio and optimum pressure ratio for simple gas turbine cycle. Actual cycle, analysis of
simple cycles & cycles with inter cooling, reheating and Regeneration
Part-B: Hydro prime movers
UNIT IV:
Objectives: To teach the student about the fundamental of fluid dynamic equations and
its applications fluid jets. To impart the knowledge of various types of pumps, their
constructional features, working and performance.

IMPACT OF JETS AND PUMPS: Impulse momentum equation, Impact of Jet on stationary
and moving vanes (flat and curved). Pumps: Types of pumps, Centrifugal pumps: Main
components, Working principle, Multi stage pumps, Performance and characteristic curves
UNIT V:
Objectives: To make the student learn about the constructional features, operational
details of various types of hydraulic turbines. Further, the student shall be able to
calculate the performance of hydraulic turbines.
HYDRAULIC TURBINES: Classification of turbines; Working principle, Efficiency
calculation and Design principles for Pelton Wheel, Francis and for Kaplan turbines;
Governing of turbines; Performance and characteristic curves.
UNIT VI:
Objectives: To train the student in the areas of types of hydro electric power plants,
estimation and calculation of different loads by considering various factors.
HYDRO POWER: Components of Hydro electric power plant: pumped storage systems,
Estimation of water power potential; Estimation of load on turbines: load curve, load factor,
capacity factor, utilization factor, diversity factor, load ? duration curve, firm power,
secondary power, prediction of load.
Text Books:
1. Thermal Engineering by Rajput, Lakshmi publications
2. Thermal engineering by M.L.Mathur and F.S.Mehta, Jain Brothers.
3. "Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics", P.N. Modi and S.M. Seth, TEXT BOOKS House,
Delhi
4. "Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machinery" A.K.Jain, , Khanna Publishers, Delhi.
Reference Books:
1. "Fluid Mechanics" by Victor.L.Streeter
2. "Introduction to Fluid Mechanics" Edward .J. Shaughnessy Jr.
3. "Fluid Mechanics & Its Applications", Vijay Gupta, Santhosh.k.Gupta
4. "Fluid Mechanics & Fluid power Engineering, Dr D.S.Kumar
5. "Water Power Engineering" M.M Desumukh

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MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
(Common to all Branches)
Course Objectives:
? The Learning objectives of this paper is to understand the concept and nature of
Managerial Economics and its relationship with other disciplines and also to understand
the Concept of Demand and Demand forecasting, Production function, Input Output
relationship, Cost-Output relationship and Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis.
? To understand the nature of markets, Methods of Pricing in the different market structures
and to know the different forms of Business organization and the concept of Business
Cycles.
? To learn different Accounting Systems, preparation of Financial Statement and uses of
different tools for performance evaluation. Finally, it is also to understand the concept of
Capital, Capital Budgeting and the techniques used to evaluate Capital Budgeting
proposals.
Unit-I
Introduction to Managerial Economics and demand Analysis:
Definition of Managerial Economics ?Scope of Managerial Economics and its relationship
with other subjects ?Concept of Demand, Types of Demand, Determinants of Demand-
Demand schedule, Demand curve, Law of Demand and its limitations- Elasticity of Demand,
Types of Elasticity of Demand and Measurement- Demand forecasting and Methods of
forecasting, Concept of Supply and Law of Supply.
Unit ? II:
Production and Cost Analyses:
Concept of Production function- Cobb-Douglas Production function- Leontief production
function - Law of Variable proportions-Isoquants and Isocosts and choice of least cost factor
combination-Concepts of Returns to scale and Economies of scale-Different cost concepts:
opportunity costs, explicit and implicit costs- Fixed costs, Variable Costs and Total costs ?
Cost ?Volume-Profit analysis-Determination of Breakeven point(simple problems)-
Managerial significance and limitations of Breakeven point.
Unit ? III:
Introduction to Markets, Theories of the Firm & Pricing Policies:
Market Structures: Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic competition and Oligopoly
? Features ? Price and Output Determination ? Managerial Theories of firm: Marris and
Williamson's models ? other Methods of Pricing: Average cost pricing, Limit Pricing,
Market Skimming Pricing, Internet Pricing: (Flat Rate Pricing, Usage sensitive pricing) and
Priority Pricing.

Unit ? IV:
Types of Business Organization and Business Cycles:
Features and Evaluation of Sole Trader, Partnership, Joint Stock Company ? State/Public
Enterprises and their forms ? Business Cycles : Meaning and Features ? Phases of a Business
Cycle.
Unit ? V:
Introduction to Accounting & Financing Analysis:
Introduction to Double Entry Systems ? Preparation of Financial Statements-Analysis and
Interpretation of Financial Statements-Ratio Analysis ? Preparation of Funds flow and cash
flow statements (Simple Problems)
Unit ? VI:
Capital and Capital Budgeting: Capital Budgeting: Meaning of Capital-Capitalization-
Meaning of Capital Budgeting-Time value of money- Methods of appraising Project
profitability: Traditional Methods(pay back period, accounting rate of return) and modern
methods(Discounted cash flow method, Net Present Value method, Internal Rate of Return
Method and Profitability Index)
Course Outcome:
*The Learner is equipped with the knowledge of estimating the Demand and demand
elasticities for a product and the knowledge of understanding of the Input-Output-Cost
relationships and estimation of the least cost combination of inputs.
*One is also ready to understand the nature of different markets and Price Output
determination under various market conditions and also to have the knowledge of different
Business Units.
*The Learner is able to prepare Financial Statements and the usage of various Accounting
tools for Analysis and to evaluate various investment project proposals with the help of
capital budgeting techniques for decision making.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Dr. N. AppaRao, Dr. P. Vijay Kumar: `Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis',
Cengage Publications, New Delhi ? 2011
2. Dr. A. R. Aryasri ? Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, TMH 2011
3. Prof. J.V.Prabhakararao, Prof. P. Venkatarao. `Managerial Economics and Financial
Analysis', Ravindra Publication.
REFERENCES:
1.Dr. B. Kuberudu and Dr. T. V. Ramana: Managerial Economics & Financial Analysis,
Himalaya Publishing House, 2014.
2. V. Maheswari: Managerial Economics, Sultan Chand.2014
3. Suma Damodaran: Managerial Economics, Oxford 2011.
4. VanithaAgarwal: Managerial Economics, Pearson Publications 2011.
5. Sanjay Dhameja: Financial Accounting for Managers, Pearson.
6. Maheswari: Financial Accounting, Vikas Publications.
7. S. A. Siddiqui& A. S. Siddiqui: Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, New Age
International Publishers, 2012
8. Ramesh Singh, Indian Economy, 7th Edn., TMH2015
9. Pankaj Tandon A Text Book of Microeconomic Theory, Sage Publishers, 2015
10.
Shailaja Gajjala and Usha Munipalle, Univerties press, 2015

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2
THERMAL AND HYDRO LAB

Course Objective: To impart practical knowledge on the performance evaluation
methods of various internal combustion engines, flow measuring equipment and
hydraulic turbines and pumps.
NOTE: TO CONDUCT A MINIMUM OF 12 EXPERIMENTS BY CONDUCTING A
MINIMUM OF SIX FROM EACH SECTION.
SECTION A - THERMAL ENGINEERING LAB
1.
I.C. Engines valve / port timing diagrams.
2.
I.C. Engines performance test on 4 -stroke Diesel engine.
3.
I.C. Engines performance test on 2-stroke petrol engine.
4.
Evaluation of engine friction by conducting Morse test on 4-stroke multi cylinder
petrol engine
5.
Determination of FHP by retardation and motoring test on IC engine
6.
I.C. Engines heat balance on petrol / Diesel engines.
7.
Economical speed test of an IC engine
8.
Study of boilers
SECTION B ? HYDRAULIC MACHINES LAB
1.
Impact of jets on Vanes.
2.
Performance Test on Pelton Wheel.
3.
Performance Test on Francis Turbine.
4.
Performance Test on Kaplan Turbine.
5.
Performance Test on Single Stage Centrifugal Pump.
6.
Performance Test on Reciprocating Pump.
7.
Calibration of Venturimeter.
8.
Calibration of Orifice meter.
9.
Determination of loss of head due to sudden contraction in a pipeline.

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ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS LAB

Learning objectives:

To verify and demonstrate various thermos,locus diagrams, resonance and two port
networks.To determine self and mutual inductance of a magnetic circuit, parameters of a
given coil and measurement of 3- phase power.
Any 10 of the following experiments are to be conducted:
1) Verification of Thevenin's and Norton's Theorems
2) Verification of Superposition theorem and Maximum Power Transfer Theorem
3) Verification of Compensation Theorem
4) Verification of Reciprocity , Millmann's Theorems
5) Locus Diagrams of RL and RC Series Circuits
6) Series and Parallel Resonance
7) Determination of Self, Mutual Inductances and Coefficient of coupling
8) Z and Y Parameters
9) Transmission and hybrid parameters
10) Parameters of a choke coil.
11) Determination of cold and hot resistance of an electric lamp.
12) Measurement of 3-phase Power by two Wattmeter Method for unbalanced loads
Learning outcomes:
Able to apply various thermos, determination of self and mutual inductances, two port
parameters of a given electric circuits. Able to draw locus diagrams. Waveforms and phasor
diagram for lagging and leading networks.

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ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS

Preamble:
This course introduces principle of operation of basic analog and digital measuring
instruments for measurement of current, voltage, power, energy etc. Measurement of
resistance, inductance and capacitance by using bridge circuits will be discussed in detail. It
is expected that student will be thorough with various measuring techniques that are required
for an electrical engineer.
Learning Objectives:
? To study the principle of operation and working of different types of instruments.
Measurement of voltage and current.
? To study the working principle of operation of different types of instruments for
measurement of power and energy
? To understand the principle of operation and working of dc and ac potentiometers.
? To understand the principle of operation and working of various types of bridges for
measurement of parameters ?resistance, inductance, capacitance and frequency.
? To study the principle of operation and working of various types of magnetic
measuring instruments.
? To study the applications of CRO for measurement of frequency, phase difference and
hysteresis loop using Lissajous patterns
UNIT?I:
Measuring Instruments
Classification ? Deflecting, control and damping torques ? Ammeters and Voltmeters ?
PMMC, moving iron type, dynamometer and electrostatic instruments ? Expression for the
deflecting torque and control torque ? Errors and compensations? Extension of range using
shunts and series resistance ?CT and PT: Ratio and phase angle errors ? Numerical
problems..

UNIT ?II:
Measurement of Power and Energy
Single phase and three phase dynamometer wattmeter ? LPF and UPF ? Expression for
deflecting and control torques ? Extension of range of wattmeter using instrument
transformers ? Measurement of active and reactive powers in balanced and unbalanced
systems ? Type of P.F. Meters ? Single phase and three phase dynamometer and moving iron
type Single phase induction type energy meter ? Driving and braking torques ? errors and
compensations ?Testing by phantom loading using R.S.S. meter? Three phase energy meter ?
Maximum demand meters? Electrical resonance type frequency meter and Weston type
synchro-scope.

UNIT ? III:
Potentiometers
Principle and operation of D.C. Crompton's potentiometer ? Standardization ? Measurement
of unknown resistance ? Current ? Voltage.AC Potentiometers: polar and coordinate types ?
Standardization ? Applications.

UNIT ? IV:
Measurements of Parameters
Method of measuring low, medium and high resistance ? Sensitivity of Wheat stone's bridge
? Carey Foster's bridge? Kelvin's double bridge for measuring low resistance? Loss of
charge method for measurement of high resistance ? Megger? Measurement of earth
resistance ? Measurement of inductance ? Quality Factor ? Maxwell's bridge?Hay's bridge ?
Anderson's bridge?Measurement of capacitance and loss angle ? DesautyBridge ? Schering
Bridge?Wagner's earthing device?Wien's bridge.

UNIT ? V:
Magnetic Measurements
Ballistic galvanometer ? Equation of motion ? Flux meter ? Constructional details?
Determination of B?H Loop methods of reversals six point method ? AC testing ? Iron loss
of bar samples? Core loss measurements by bridges and potentiometers.

UNIT ? VI:
Digital Meters
Digital Voltmeter?Successive approximation ? Measurement of phase difference ?
Frequency ? Hysteresis loop using lissajious patterns in CRO ? Ramp and integrating type?
Digital frequency meter?Digital multimeter?Digital Tachometer.

Learning Outcomes:
? Able to choose right type of instrument for measurement of voltage and current for ac
and dc.
? Able to choose right type of instrument for measurement of power and energy ? able
to calibrate energy meter by suitable method
? Able to calibrate ammeter and potentiometer.
? Able to select suitable bridge for measurement of electrical parameters
? Able to use the ballistic galvanometer and flux meter for magnetic measuring
instruments
? Able to measure frequency and phase difference between signals using CRO. Able to
use digital instruments in electrical measurements.

Text Books:
1. Electrical Measurements and measuring Instruments ? by E.W. Golding and
F.C.Widdis, fifth Edition, Wheeler Publishing.
2. Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques ? A.D. Helfrick and
W.D. Cooper, PHI, 5th Edition, 2002.
Reference Books:
1. Electrical & Electronic Measurement & Instruments by A.K.Sawhney DhanpatRai
& Co.Publications.
2. Electrical and Electronic Measurements and instrumentation by R.K.Rajput,
S.Chand.
3. Electrical Measurements ? by Buckingham and Price, Prentice ? Hall
4. Electrical Measurements by Forest K. Harris. John Wiley and Sons
5. Electrical Measurements: Fundamentals, Concepts, Applications ? by
Reissland, M.U, New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers.
6. Electrical and Electronic Measurements ?by G.K.Banerjee, PHI Learning
Private Ltd, New Delhi?2012.

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ELECTRICAL MACHINES ? II

Preamble:
This course covers the topics on 3-phase induction motor, 1-phase induction motorand
synchronous machines which have wide application in power systems. The main aim of the
course is to provide a detailedanalysis of operation and performance of 3-phase induction
motor, 1-phase induction motorand synchronous machines. In addition,it also covers voltage
regulation and parallel operation of synchronous generators.
Learning objectives:
? Understand the principle of operation and performance of 3-phase induction motor.
? Quantify the performance of induction motor and induction generator in terms of
torque and slip.
? To understand the torque producing mechanism of a single phase induction motor.
? To understand the principle of emf generation, the effect of armature reaction and
predetermination of voltage regulation in synchronous generators.
? To study parallel operation and control of real and reactive powers for synchronous
generators.
? To understand the operation, performance and starting methods of synchronous
motors.
UNIT-I
3-phase Induction Motors
Construction details of cage and wound rotor machines - production of rotating
magnetic field - principle of operation - rotor emf and rotor frequency - rotor current
and pf at standstill and during running conditions - rotor power input, rotor copper loss
and mechanical power developed and their interrelationship ? equivalent circuit ? phasor
diagram
UNIT-II
Characteristics, starting and testing methods of Induction Motors
Torque equation - expressions for maximum torque and starting torque - torque slip
characteristic - double cage and deep bar rotors - crawling and cogging ? speed control of
induction motor with V/f method ? no load and blocked rotor tests - circle diagram for
predetermination of performance? methods of starting ? starting current and torque
calculations ? induction generator operation (Qualitative treatment only)
UNIT ? III:
Single Phase Motors
Single phase induction motors ? Constructional features and equivalent circuit Problem of
starting?Double revolving field theory?Starting methods, shaded pole motors, AC Series
motor.

UNIT?IV:
Construction, Operation and Voltage Regulation of Synchronous generator
Constructional features of non?salient and salient pole type ? Armature windings ?
Distributed and concentrated windings ? Distribution? Pitch and winding factors ?E.M.F
equation?Improvements of waveform and armature reaction?Voltage regulation by
synchronous impedance method? MMFmethod and Potier triangle method?Phasor diagrams?
Two reaction analysis of salient pole machines and phasor diagram.

UNIT ?V:
Parallel operation of synchronous generators
Parallel operation with infinite bus and other alternators ? Synchronizing power ? Load
sharing ? Control of real and reactive power? Numerical problems.

UNIT?VI:
Synchronous motor ? operation, starting and performance
Synchronous Motor principle and theory of operation? Phasor diagram ? Starting torque?
Variation of current and power factor with excitation ?Synchronous condenser ?
Mathematical analysis for power developed? Hunting and its suppression ? Methods of
starting ? Applications.
Learning outcomes:
? Able to explain the operation and performance of three phase induction motor.
? Able to analyze the torque-speed relation, performance of induction motor and
induction generator.
? Able to explain design procedure for transformers and three phase induction motors.
? Implement the starting of single phase induction motors.
? To perform winding design and predetermine the regulation of synchronous
generators.
? Avoid hunting phenomenon, implement methods of staring and correction of power
factor with synchronous motor.
Text Books:
1. Electrical Machines ? P.S. Bhimbra, Khanna Publishers
2. Electric Machinery by A.E.Fitzgerald,Charleskingsley,StephenD.Umans, TMH
Reference Books:
1. Electrical Machines by D. P.Kothari, I .J .Nagarth,McGrawHill Publications, 4th edition
2. Electrical Machines by R.K.Rajput, Lakshmi publications,5th edition
3. Electrical Machinery by AbijithChakrabarthi and SudhiptaDebnath,McGraw Hill
education 2015
4. Electrical Machinery Fundamentals by Stephen J Chapman McGraw Hill education 2010
5.Electric Machines by MulukutlaS.Sarma&Mukeshk.Pathak, CENGAGE Learning.
6. Theory & Performance of Electrical Machines by J.B.Guptha. S.K.Kataria& Sons

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SWITCHING THEORY AND LOGIC DESIGN

UNIT ? I
REVIEW OF NUMBER SYSTEMS & CODES:
i) Representation of numbers of different radix, conversation from one radix to another
radix, r-1's compliments and r's compliments of signed members, problem solving.
ii) 4 bit codes, BCD, Excess-3, 2421, 84-2-1 9's compliment code etc.,
iii) Logic operations and error detection & correction codes; Basic logic operations -
NOT, OR, AND, Universal building blocks, EX-OR, EX-NOR - Gates, Standard
SOP and POS, Forms, Gray code, error detection, error correction codes (parity
checking, even parity, odd parity, Hamming code) NAND-NAND and NOR-NOR
realizations.
UNIT ? II
MINIMIZATION TECHNIQUES:
Boolean theorems, principle of complementation & duality, De-morgan theorems,
minimization of logic functions using Boolean theorems, minimization of switching
functions using K-Map up to 6 variables, tabular minimization, problem solving (code-
converters using K-Map etc..).

UNIT ? III
COMBINATIONAL LOGIC CIRCUITS DESIGN :
Design of Half adder, full adder, half subtractor, full subtractor, applications of full
adders, 4-bit binary subtractor, adder-subtractor circuit, BCD adder circuit, Excess 3
adder circuit, look-a-head adder circuit, Design of decoder, demultiplexer, 7 segment
decoder, higher order demultiplexing, encoder, multiplexer, higher order multiplexing,
realization of Boolean functions using decoders and multiplexers, priority encoder, 4-bit
digital comparator.

UNIT ? IV
INTRODUCTION OF PLD's :
PROM, PAL, PLA-Basics structures, realization of Boolean function with PLDs,
programming tables of PLDs, merits & demerits of PROM, PAL, PLA comparison,
realization of Boolean functions using PROM, PAL, PLA, programming tables of PROM,
PAL, PLA.
UNIT ? V
SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS I:
Classification of sequential circuits (synchronous and asynchronous); basic flip-flops,
truth tables and excitation tables (nand RS latch, nor RS latch, RS flip-flop, JK flip-flop,
T flip-flop, D flip-flop with reset and clear terminals). Conversion from one flip-flop to
flip-flop. Design of ripple counters, design of synchronous counters, Johnson counter,
ring counter. Design of registers - Buffer register, control buffer register, shift register,
bi-directional shift register, universal shift register.

UNIT ? VI
SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS II :
Finite state machine; Analysis of clocked sequential circuits, state diagrams, state tables,
reduction of state tables and state assignment, design procedures. Realization of circuits
using various flip-flops. Meelay to Moore conversion and vice-versa.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Switching Theory and Logic Design by Hill and Peterson Mc-Graw Hill TMH
edition.
2. Switching Theory and Logic Design by A. Anand Kumar
3. Digital Design by Mano PHI.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Modern Digital Electronics by RP Jain, TMH
2. Fundamentals of Logic Design by Charles H. Roth Jr, Jaico Publishers
3. Micro electronics by Milliman MH edition.

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CONTROL SYSTEMS

Preamble :

This course introduces the elements of linear control systems and their analysis. Classical
methods of design using frequency response. The state space approach for design, modeling
and analysis of simple PD,PID controllers.
Learning Objectives:
? To learn the mathematical modeling of physical systems and to use block diagram
algebra and signal flow graph to determine overall transfer function
? To analyze the time response of first and second order systems and improvement of
performance by proportional plus derivative and proportional plus integral controllers
? To investigate the stability of closed loop systems using Routh's stability criterion and
the analysis by root locus method.
? To present the Frequency Response approaches for the analysis of linear time
invariant (LTI) systems using Bode plots, polar plots and Nyquist stability criterion.
? To discuss basic aspects of design and compensation of linear control systems using
Bode plots.
? Ability to formulate state models and analyze the systems. To present the concepts of
Controllability and Observability.
UNIT ? I:
Mathematical Modeling Of Control Systems
Classification of control systems, Open Loop and closed loop control systems and their
differences, Feed-Back Characteristics, transfer function of linear system, Differential
equations of electrical networks, Translational and Rotational mechanical systems, Transfer
Function of DC Servo motor - AC Servo motor- Synchro, transmitter and receiver - Block
diagram algebra ? Representation by Signal flow graph - Reduction using Mason's gain
formula.
UNIT-II:
Time Response Analysis
Standard test signals - Time response of first and second order systems - Time domain
specifications - Steady state errors and error constants ? Effects of proportional derivative,
proportional integral systems.
UNIT ? III:
Stability and Rootlocus Technique
The concept of stability ? Routh's stability criterion ?limitations of Routh's stability ?Root
locus concept - construction of root loci (Simple problems)
UNIT?IV:
Frequency Response Analysis
Introduction to Frequency domain specifications-Bode diagrams- transfer function from the
Bode Diagram-Phase margin and Gain margin-Stability Analysis from Bode Plots, Polar
Plots, Nyquist Stability criterion.

UNIT?V:
Classical Control Design Techniques
Lag, Lead, Lag-Lead compensators, design of compensators ? using Bode plots.
UNIT?VI:
State Space Analysis OfLti Systems
Concepts of state, state variables and state model, state space representation of transfer
function, Diagonalization- Solving the time invariant state equations- State Transition Matrix
and it's Properties ? Concepts of Controllability and Observability.

Learning Outcome:
? Ability to derive the transfer function of physical systems and determination of
overall transfer function using block diagram algebra and signal flow graphs.
? Capability to determine time response specifications of second order systems and to
determine error constants.
? Acquires the skill to analyze absolute and relative stability of LTI systems using
Routh's stability criterion and the root locus method.
? Capable to analyze the stability of LTI systems using frequency response methods.
? Able to design Lag, Lead, Lag-Lead compensators to improve system performance
from Bode diagrams.
? Ability to represent physical systems as state models and determine the response.
Understanding the concepts of controllability and observability.

Text Books:
1. Control Systems principles and design, M.Gopal, Tata McGraw Hill education Pvt Ltd., 4th
Edition.
2. Automatic control systems, Benjamin C.Kuo, Prentice Hall of India,2ndEdition.
Reference Books:
1.Modern Control Engineering, Kotsuhiko Ogata, Prentice Hall of India.
2.Control Systems, ManikDhanesh N, Cengage publications.
3.Control Systems Engineering, I.J.Nagarath and M.Gopal, Newage International
Publications, 5th Edition.
4. Control Systems Engineering, S.Palani,TataMcGraw Hill Publications.

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POWER SYSTEMS-I

Preamble:
Electrical Power plays significant role in day to day life of entire mankind. The aim of this
course is to allow the students to understand the concepts of the generation and distribution of
power along with economic aspects.
Learning objectives :
? To study the principle of operation of different components of a thermal power
stations.
? To study the principle of operation of different components of a Nuclear power
stations.
? To study the concepts of DC/AC distribution systems and voltage drop
calculations.
? To study the constructional and operation of different components of an Air and
Gas Insulated substations.
? To study theconstructionaldetails of different typesof cables.
? To study different types of load curves and tariffs applicable to consumers.

UNIT-I Thermal Power Stations
Selection of site, general layout of a thermal power plant showing paths of coal, steam, water,
air, ash and flue gasses, ash handling system, Brief description of components: Boilers, Super
heaters, Economizers, electrostatic precipitators steam Turbines : Impulse and reaction
turbines, Condensers, feed water circuit, Cooling towers and Chimney.

UNIT-II Nuclear Power Stations
Location of nuclear power plant, Working principle, Nuclear fission, Nuclear fuels, Nuclear
chain reaction, nuclear reactor Components : Moderators, Control rods, Reflectors and
Coolants.Types of Nuclear reactors and brief description of PWR, BWR and FBR.Radiation:
Radiation hazards and Shielding, nuclear waste disposal.

UNIT-III Distribution Systems
Classification of distribution systems, design features of distribution systems, radial
distribution, ring main distribution, voltage drop calculations: DC distributors for following
cases - radial DC distributor fed at one end and at both ends (equal / unequal voltages), ring
main distributor, stepped distributor and AC distribution, comparison of DC and AC
distribution.
UNIT-IV Substations
Classification of substations:
Air Insulated Substations - Indoor & Outdoor substations, Substations layouts of 33/11 kV
showing the location of all the substation equipment.
Bus bar arrangements in the Sub-Stations: Simple arrangements like single bus bar,
sectionalized single bus bar, double bus bar with one and two circuit breakers, main and
transfer bus bar system with relevant diagrams.
Gas Insulated Substations (GIS) ? Advantages of Gas insulated substations, different types
of gas insulated substations, single line diagram of gas insulated substations, constructional
aspects of GIS, Installation and maintenance of GIS, Comparison of Air insulated substations
and Gas insulated substations.

UNIT-V Underground Cables
Types of Cables, Construction, Types of insulating materials, Calculation of insulation resistance,
stress in insulation and power factor of cable.
Capacitance of single and 3-Core belted Cables: Grading of Cables-Capacitance grading and
Inter sheath grading.
UNIT-VI Economic Aspects of Power Generation & Tariff

Economic Aspects - Load curve, load duration and integrated load duration curves,
discussion on economic aspects: connected load, maximum demand, demand factor, load
factor, diversity factor, power capacity factor and plant use factor, Base and peak load plants.
Tariff Methods- Costs of Generation and their division into Fixed, Semi-fixed and Running
Costs, Desirable Characteristics of a Tariff Method, Tariff Methods: Simple rate, Flat Rate,
Block-Rate, two-part, three?part, and power factor tariff methods.
Learning Outcomes:
? Students are able to identify the different components of thermal power plants.
? Students are able to identify the different components of nuclear Power plants.
? Students are able to distinguish between AC/DC distribution systems and also
estimate voltage drops of distribution systems.
? Students are able to identifythe different components of air and gas insulated
substations.
? Students are able to identifysingle core and multi core cables with different
insulating materials.
? Students are able to analyzethe different economic factors of power generation
and tariffs.
Text Books:
1. A Text Book on Power System Engineering by M.L.Soni, P.V.Gupta, U.S.Bhatnagarand
A. Chakrabarti, DhanpatRai& Co. Pvt. Ltd.
2. Generation, Distribution and Utilization of Electric Energy by C.L.Wadhawa New age
International (P) Limited, Publishers.
Reference Books:
1. Electrical Power Distribution Systems by - V. Kamaraju, TataMcGraw Hill, New
Delhi.
2. Elements of Electrical Power Station Design by ? M V Deshpande, PHI, New Delhi.

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MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

Course Objectives:
*To familiarize with the process of management and to provide basic insight into select
contemporary management practices
*To provide conceptual knowledge on functional management and strategic
management.

Unit I
Introduction to Management: Concept ?nature and importance of Management ?Generic
Functions of Management ? Evaluation of Management thought- Theories of Motivation ?
Decision making process-Designing organization structure- Principles of organization ?
Organizational typology- International Management: Global Leadership and Organizational
behavior Effectiveness(GLOBE) structure

Unit II
Operations Management: Principles and Types of Management ? Work study- Statistical
Quality Control- Control charts (P-chart, R-chart, and C-chart) Simple problems- Material
Management: Need for Inventory control- EOQ, ABC analysis (simple problems) and Types
of ABC analysis (HML, SDE, VED, and FSN analysis).

Unit III
Functional Management: Concept of HRM, HRD and PMIR- Functions of HR Manager-
Wage payment plans(Simple Problems) ? Job Evaluation and Merit Rating - Marketing
Management- Functions of Marketing ? Marketing strategies based on product Life Cycle,
Channels of distributions. Operationlizing change through performance management.

Unit IV
Project Management: (PERT/CPM): Development of Network ? Difference between PERT
and CPM Identifying Critical Path- Probability- Project Crashing (Simple Problems)

Unit V
Strategic Management: Vision, Mission, Goals, Strategy ? Elements of Corporate Planning
Process ? Environmental Scanning ? SWOT analysis- Steps in Strategy Formulation and
Implementation, Generic Strategy Alternatives. Global strategies, theories of Multinational
Companies.
Unit VI
Contemporary Management Practice: Basic concepts of MIS, MRP, Justin- Time(JIT)
system, Total Quality Management(TQM), Six sigma and Capability Maturity Model(CMM)
Levies, Supply Chain Management , Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Business Process
outsourcing (BPO), Business process Re-engineering and Bench Marking, Balanced Score
Card.

Course Outcome:
*After completion of the Course the student will acquire the knowledge on management
functions, global leadership and organizational behavior.
*Will familiarize with the concepts of functional management project management and
strategic management.
References:
Text Books
1. Dr. P. Vijaya Kumar & Dr. N. Appa Rao, `Management Science' Cengage, Delhi, 2012.
2. Dr. A. R. Aryasri, Management Science' TMH 2011.

References
1. Koontz & Weihrich: `Essentials of management' TMH 2011
2. Seth & Rastogi: Global Management Systems, Cengage learning , Delhi, 2011
3. Robbins: Organizational Behaviour, Pearson publications, 2011
4. Kanishka Bedi: Production & Operations Management, Oxford Publications, 2011
5. Philip Kotler & Armstrong: Principles of Marketing, Pearson publications
6. Biswajit Patnaik: Human Resource Management, PHI, 2011
7. Hitt and Vijaya Kumar: Starategic Management, Cengage learning
8. Prem Chadha: Performance Management, Trinity Press(An imprint of Laxmi Publications
Pvt. Ltd.) Delhi 2015.
9. Anil Bhat& Arya Kumar : Principles of Management, Oxford University Press, New
Delhi, 2015.

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ELECTRICAL MACHINES ? I LABORATORY

Learning objectives:
? To plot the magnetizing characteristics of DC shunt generator and understand the
mechanism of self-excitation.
? To control the speed of the DC motors.
? Determine and predetermine the performance of DC machines.
? To predetermine the efficiency and regulation of transformers and assess their
performance.
Any 10 of the following experiments are to be conducted

1. Magnetization characteristics of DC shunt generator. Determination of critical field
resistance and critical speed.
2. Brake test on DC shunt motor. Determination of performance curves.
3. Hopkinson's test on DC shunt machines. Predetermination of efficiency.
4. Swinburne's test and Predetermination of efficiencies as Generator and Motor.
5. Speed control of DC shunt motor by Field and armature Control.
6. Retardation test on DC shunt motor. Determination of losses at rated speed.
7. Separation of losses in DC shunts motor.
8. Oc& SC test on single phase transformer.
9. Sumpner's test on single phase transformer.
10. Scott connection of transformers
11. Parallel operation of Single phase Transformers
12. Separation of core losses of a single phase transformer
13. Heat run test on a bank of 3 Nos. of single phase Delta connected transformers
Learning outcomes:
? To determine and predetermine the performance of DC machines and Transformers.
? To control the speed of DC motor.
? To achieve three phase to two phase transformation.

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ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS LAB
Note: The students are required to perform the experiment to obtain the V-I characteristics
and to determine the relevant parameters from the obtained graphs.
Electronic Workshop Practice:

1.
Identification, Specifications, Testing of R, L, C Components (Colour Codes),
Potentiometers, Coils, Gang Condensers, Relays, Bread Boards.
2.
Identification, Specifications and Testing of active devices, Diodes, BJTs,
JFETs, LEDs, LCDs, SCR, UJT.
3.
Soldering Practice- Simple circuits using active and passive components.
4.
Study and operation of Ammeters, Voltmeters, Transformers, Analog and
Digital Multimeter, Function Generator, Regulated Power Supply and CRO.
.
List of Experiments: (Minimum of Ten Experiments has to be performed)

1. P-N Junction Diode Characteristics
Part A: Germanium Diode (Forward bias& Reverse bias)
Part B: Silicon Diode (Forward Bias only)
2. Zener Diode Characteristics
Part A: V-I Characteristics
Part B: Zener Diode as Voltage Regulator
3. Rectifiers (without and with c-filter)
Part A: Half-wave Rectifier
Part B: Full-wave Rectifier
4. BJT Characteristics(CE Configuration)
Part A: Input Characteristics
Part B: Output Characteristics
5. FET Characteristics(CS Configuration)
Part A: Drain Characteristics
Part B: Transfer Characteristics
6. SCR Characteristics
7. UJT Characteristics
8. Transistor Biasing
9. CRO Operation and its Measurements
10. BJT-CE Amplifier
11. Emitter Follower-CC Amplifier

12. FET-CS Amplifier

Equipment required:
1.
Regulated Power supplies
2.
Analog/Digital Storage Oscilloscopes
3.
Analog/Digital Function Generators
4.
Digital Multimeters
5.
Decade R?sistance Boxes/Rheostats
6.
Decade Capacitance Boxes
7.
Ammeters (Analog or Digital)
8.
Voltmeters (Analog or Digital)
9.
Active & Passive Electronic Components

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POWER SYSTEMS?II

Preamble:

This course is an extension of power systems?I course. It deals with basic theory of
transmission lines modeling and their performance analysis. Transient in power system,
improvement of power factor and voltage control are discussed in detail. It is important for
the student to understand the mechanical design aspects of transmission lines, cables,
insulators. These aspects are also covered in detail in this course.

Learning Objectives:

? To compute inductance/capacitance of transmission lines and to understand the
concepts of GMD/GMR.
? To study the short and medium length transmission lines, their models and
performance.
? To study the performance and modeling of long transmission lines.
? To study the effect of travelling waves on transmission lines.
? To study the factors affecting the performance of transmission lines and power factor
improvement methods.
? To discuss sag and tension computation of transmission lines as well as to study the
performance of overhead insulators.
UNIT?I:
Transmission Line Parameters
Conductor materials - Types of conductors ? Calculation of resistance for solid conductors ?
Calculation of inductance for single phase and three phase? Single and double circuit lines?
Concept of GMR and GMD?Symmetrical and asymmetrical conductor configuration with
and without transposition?Bundled conductors-Numerical Problems?Calculation of
capacitance for 2 wire and 3 wire systems ? Effect of ground on capacitance ? Capacitance
calculations for symmetrical and asymmetrical single and three phase?Single and double
circuit lines- Bundled conductors?Numerical Problems.

UNIT?II:
Performance of Short and Medium Length Transmission Lines
Classification of Transmission Lines ? Short, medium, long line and their model
representations ?Nominal-T?Nominal-Pie and A, B, C, D Constants for symmetrical and
Asymmetrical Networks? Numerical Problems? Mathematical Solutions to estimate
regulation and efficiency of all types of lines ? Numerical Problems.

UNIT?III:
Performance of Long Transmission Lines
Long Transmission Line?Rigorous Solution ? Evaluation of A,B,C,D Constants?
Interpretation of the Long Line Equations, regulation and efficiency? Incident, Reflected and
Refracted Waves ?Surge Impedance and SIL of Long Lines?Wave Length and Velocity of
Propagation of Waves ? Representation of Long Lines ? Equivalent-T and Equivalent Pie
network models (Numerical Problems).

UNIT ? IV:

Power System Transients
Types of System Transients ? Travelling or Propagation of Surges ? Attenuation?Distortion?
Reflection and Refraction Coefficients ? Termination of lines with different types of
conditions ? Open Circuited Line?Short Circuited Line ? T-Junction? Lumped Reactive
Junctions.

UNIT?V:
Various Factors governing the Performance of Transmission line
Skin and Proximity effects ? Description and effect on Resistance of Solid Conductors ?
Ferranti effect ? Charging Current ?Shunt Compensation ?Corona ? Description of the
phenomenon?Factors affecting corona?Critical voltages and power loss ? Radio Interference.

UNIT?VI:
Sag and Tension Calculations and Overhead Line Insulators
Sag and Tension calculations with equal and unequal heights of towers?Effect of Wind and
Ice on weight of Conductor?Numerical Problems ? Stringing chart and sag template and its
applications?Types of Insulators ? String efficiency and Methods for improvement?
Numerical Problems ? Voltage distribution?Calculation of string efficiency?Capacitance
grading and Static Shielding.
Learning Outcomes:
? Able to understand parameters of various types of transmission lines during different
operating conditions.
? Able to understand the performance of short and medium transmission lines.
? Student will be able to understand travelling waves on transmission lines.
? Will be able to understand various factors related to charged transmission lines.
? Will be able to understand sag/tension of transmission lines and performance of line
insulators.
Text Books:
1. Electrical power systems ? by C.L.Wadhwa, New Age International (P)
Limited, Publishers, 1998.
2. Modern Power System Analysis by I.J.Nagarath and D.P.Kothari, Tata
McGraw Hill, 2ndEdition

Reference Books:
1. Power system Analysis?by John J Grainger William D Stevenson, TMC
Companies, 4thedition
2. Power System Analysis and Design by B.R.Gupta, Wheeler Publishing.
3. A Text Book on Power System Engineering by M.L.Soni, P.V.Gupta,
U.S.BhatnagarA.Chakrabarthy, DhanpatRai& Co Pvt. Ltd.
4. Electrical Power Systems by P.S.R. Murthy, B.S.Publications.

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RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

Preamble:

This course gives a flavor of renewable sources and systems to the students. It
introduces solar energy its radiation, collection, storage and its applications. This covers
generation, design, efficiency and characteristics of various renewable energy sources
including solar, wind, hydro, biomass, fuel cells and geothermal systems.
Learning Objectives:
? To study the solar radiation data, extraterrestrial radiation, radiation on earth's
surface.
? To study solar thermal collections.
? To study solar photo voltaic systems.
? To study maximum power point techniques in solar pv and wind energy.
? To study wind energy conversion systems, Betz coefficient, tip speed ratio.
? To study basic principle and working of hydro, tidal, biomass, fuel cell and
geothermal systems.

UNIT?I:
Fundamentals of Energy Systems and Solar energy
Energy conservation principle ? Energy scenario (world and India) ? various forms of
renewable energy - Solar radiation: Outside earth's atmosphere ? Earth surface ? Analysis of
solar radiation data ? Geometry ? Radiation on tilted surfaces ? Numerical problems.

UNIT?II:
Solar Thermal Systems
Liquid flat plate collectors: Performance analysis ?Transmissivity? Absorptivity product
collector efficiency factor ? Collector heat removal factor ? Numerical problems.
Introduction to solar air heaters ? Concentrating collectors, solar pond and solar still ? solar
thermal plants.

UNIT?III:
Solar Photovoltaic Systems
Solar photovoltaic cell, module, array ? construction ? Efficiency of solar cells ? Developing
technologies ? Cell I-V characteristics ? Equivalent circuit of solar cell ? Series resistance ?
Shunt resistance ? Applications and systems ? Balance of system components - System
design: storage sizing ? PV system sizing ? Maximum power point techniques: Perturb and
observe (P&O) technique ? Hill climbing technique.

UNIT?IV:
Wind Energy
Sources of wind energy - Wind patterns ? Types of turbines ?Horizontal axis and vertical
axis machines - Kinetic energy of wind ? Betz coefficient ? Tip?speed ratio ? Efficiency ?
Power output of wind turbine ? Selection of generator(synchronous, induction) ? Maximum
power point tracking ? wind farms ? Power generation for utility grids.

UNIT?V:
Hydro and Tidal power systems
Basic working principle ? Classification of hydro systems: Large, small, micro ?
measurement of head and flow ? Energy equation ? Types of turbines ? Numerical problems.
Tidal power ? Basics ? Kinetic energy equation ? Turbines for tidal power - Numerical
problems ? Wave power ? Basics ? Kinetic energy equation ? Wave power devices ? Linear
generators.

UNIT?VI:
Biomass, fuel cells and geothermal systems
Biomass Energy: Fuel classification ? Pyrolysis ? Direct combustion of heat ? Different
digesters and sizing.
Fuel cell: Classification of fuel for fuel cells ? Fuel cell voltage? Efficiency ? V-I
characteristics.
Geothermal: Classification ? Dry rock and hot acquifer ? Energy analysis ? Geothermal
based electric power generation

Learning Outcomes:
Student should be able to
? Analyze solar radiation data, extraterrestrial radiation, and radiation on earth's
surface.
? Design solar thermal collectors, solar thermal plants.
? Design solar photo voltaic systems.
? Develop maximum power point techniques in solar PV and wind energy systems.
? Explain wind energy conversion systems, wind generators, power generation.
? Explain basic principle and working of hydro, tidal, biomass, fuel cell and geothermal
systems.

Text Books:
1. Solar Energy: Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage, S. P. Sukhatme and J. K.
Nayak, TMH, New Delhi, 3rd Edition.
2. Renewable Energy Resources, John Twidell and Tony Weir, Taylor and Francis -
second edition,2013.

Reference Books:
1. Energy Science: Principles, Technologies and Impacts, John Andrews and Nick Jelly,
Oxford University Press.
2. Renewable Energy- Edited by Godfrey Boyle-oxford university.press,3rd
edition,2013.
3. Handbook of renewable technology Ahmed and Zobaa, Ramesh C Bansal, World
scientific, Singapore.
4. Renewable Energy Technologies /Ramesh & Kumar /Narosa.
5. Renewable energy technologies ? A practical guide for beginners ? Chetong Singh
Solanki, PHI.
6. Non conventional energy source ?B.H.khan- TMH-2nd edition.

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SIGNALS & SYSTEMS

OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are given below:
? To introduce the terminology of signals and systems.
? To introduce Fourier tools through the analogy between vectors and signals.
? To introduce the concept of sampling and reconstruction of signals.
? To analyze the linear systems in time and frequency domains.
? To study z-transform as mathematical tool to analyze discrete-time signals and
systems.

UNIT- I:
INTRODUCTION: Definition of Signals and Systems, Classification of
Signals, Classification of Systems, Operations on signals: time-shifting, time-scaling,
amplitude-shifting, amplitude-scaling. Problems on classification and characteristics of
Signals and Systems. Complex exponential and sinusoidal signals, Singularity functions and
related functions: impulse function, step function signum function and ramp function.
Analogy between vectors and signals, orthogonal signal space, Signal approximation using
orthogonal functions, Mean square error, closed or complete set of orthogonal functions,
Orthogonality in complex functions.
UNIT ?II:
FOURIER SERIES AND FOURIER TRANSFORM:
Fourier series representation of continuous time periodic signals, properties of Fourier series,
Dirichlet's conditions, Trigonometric Fourier series and Exponential Fourier series, Complex
Fourier spectrum. Deriving Fourier transform from Fourier series, Fourier transform of
arbitrary signal, Fourier transform of standard signals, Fourier transform of periodic signals,
properties of Fourier transforms, Fourier transforms involving impulse function and Signum
function. Introduction to Hilbert Transform.
UNIT ?III:
SAMPLING THEOREM ? Graphical and analytical proof for Band Limited
Signals, impulse sampling, Natural and Flat top Sampling, Reconstruction of signal from its
samples, effect of under sampling ? Aliasing, Introduction to Band Pass sampling.

UNIT-IV:
ANALYSIS OF LINEAR SYSTEMS: Linear system, impulse response,
Response of a linear system, Linear time invariant (LTI) system, Linear time variant (LTV)
system, Concept of convolution in time domain and frequency domain, Graphical
representation of convolution, Transfer function of a LTI system. Filter characteristics of
linear systems. Distortion less transmission through a system, Signal bandwidth, system
bandwidth, Ideal LPF, HPF and BPF characteristics, Causality and Poly-Wiener criterion for
physical realization, relationship between bandwidth and rise time.
Cross-correlation and auto-correlation of functions, properties of correlation function, Energy
density spectrum, Parseval's theorem, Power density spectrum, Relation between auto
correlation function and energy/power spectral density function. Relation between
convolution and correlation, Detection of periodic signals in the presence of noise by
correlation, Extraction of signal from noise by filtering.

UNIT ?V:
LAPLACE TRANSFORMS : Review of Laplace transforms, Partial fraction
expansion, Inverse Laplace transform, Concept of region of convergence (ROC) for Laplace
transforms, constraints on ROC for various classes of signals, Properties of L.T's, Relation

between L.T's, and F.T. of a signal. Laplace transform of certain signals using waveform
synthesis.

UNIT ?VI:
Z?TRANSFORMS : Fundamental difference between continuous-time and
discrete-time signals, discrete time signal representation using complex exponential and
sinusoidal components, Periodicity of discrete time using complex exponential signal,
Concept of Z- Transform of a discrete sequence. Distinction between Laplace, Fourier and Z
transforms. Region of convergence in
Z-Transform, constraints on ROC for various classes of signals, Inverse Z-transform,
properties of Z-transforms.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Signals, Systems & Communications - B.P. Lathi, BS Publications, 2003.
2. Signals and Systems - A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H. Nawab, PHI, 2nd
Edn.
3. Signals & Systems- Narayan Iyer and K Satya Prasad, Cenage Pub.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Signals & Systems - Simon Haykin and Van Veen, Wiley, 2nd Edition.
2. Principles of Linear Systems and Signals ? BP Lathi, Oxford University Press, 2015
3. Signals and Systems ? K Raja Rajeswari, B VisweswaraRao, PHI, 2009
4. Fundamentals of Signals and Systems- Michel J. Robert, MGH International Edition,
2008.
5. Signals and Systems ? T K Rawat , Oxford University press, 2011
OUTCOMES:

At the end of this course the student will able to:
? Characterize the signals and systems and principles of vector spaces, Concept of
orthgonality.
? Analyze the continuous-time signals and continuous-time systems using Fourier
series, Fourier transform and Laplace transform.
? Apply sampling theorem to convert continuous-time signals to discrete-time
signal and reconstruct back.
? Understand the relationships among the various representations of LTI systems
? Understand the Concepts of convolution, correlation, Energy and Power density
spectrum and their relationships.
? Apply z-transform to analyze discrete-time signals and systems.

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PULSE AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS OBJECTIVES
The student will be made
? To understand the concept of wave shaping circuits, Switching Characteristics of
diode and transistor.
? To study the design and analysis of various Multivibrators.
? To understand the functioning of different types of time-base Generators.
? To learn the working of logic families & Sampling Gates.
UNIT I
LINEAR WAVESHAPING: High pass, low pass RC circuits, their response for sinusoidal,
step, pulse, square, ramp and exponential inputs. RC network as differentiator and integrator;
Attenuators , its applications in CRO probe, RL and RLC circuits and their response for step
input, Ringing circuit.
UNIT II
NON-LINEAR WAVE SHAPING : Diode clippers, Transistor clippers, clipping at two
independent levels, Transfer characteristics of clippers, Emitter coupled clipper; Clamping
operation, clamping circuits using diode with different inputs, Clamping circuit theorem,
practical clamping circuits, effect of diode characteristics on clamping voltage, Transfer
characteristics of clampers.
UNIT III
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVICES : Diode as a switch, piecewise linear
diode characteristics, Design and analysis of Transistor as a switch, Break down voltage
consideration of transistor, saturation parameters of Transistor and their variation with
temperature, Design of transistor switch, transistor-switching times.
Bistable Multivibrator: Analysis And Design of Fixed Bias, Self Bias Bistable Multi
Vibrator, Collector Catching Diodes, Commutating Capacitors, Triggering of Binary Circuits,
Emitter Coupled Bistable Multivibrator (Schmitt Trigger).
UNIT IV
Monostable Multivibrator: Analysis and Design of Collector Coupled Monostable Multi
vibrator, Triggering of Monostable Multivibrator, Applications of Monostable Multivibrator.
Astable Multivibrator: Analysis and Design of Collector Coupled Astable Multivibrator,
Application of Astable Multivibrator as a Voltage to Frequency Converter.
UNIT V
VOLTAGE TIME BASE GENERATORS:
General features of a time base signal, Methods of generating time base waveform
Exponential Sweep Circuits, Negative Resistance Switches, basic principles in Miller and
Bootstrap time base generators, Transistor Miller time base generator, Transistor Bootstrap
time base generator.

UNIT VI
LOGIC FAMILIES & SAMPLING GATES:
LOGIC FAMILIES: Diode Logic, Transistor Logic, Diode-Transistor Logic, Transistor-
Transistor Logic, Emitter Coupled Logic, AOI Logic, Comparison of Logic Families.
SAMPLING GATES: Basic Operating Principles of Sampling Gates, Diode Unidirectional
Sampling Gate and Two-Diode Bi-Directional Sampling Gate, Four-Diode gates, Six-Diode
Gates, Reduction of Pedestal in Sampling Gates, Applications of Sampling Gates.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Pulse, Digital and Switching Waveforms - J. Millman and H. Taub, McGraw-Hill
2. Pulse and Digital Circuits ? A. Anand Kumar, PHI, 2005
REFERENCES :
1.Pulse, Digital and Switching Waveforms - J. Millman and H. Taub, Mothiki S Prakash Rao
McGraw-Hill, Second Edition, 2007.
2. Solid State Pulse circuits - David A. Bell, PHI, 4th Edn., 2002
3. Pulse & Digital Circuits by Venkata Rao,K,Ramasudha K, Manmadha Rao,G.,
Pearson,2010
OUTCOMES
After going through this course the student will be able to
? Design linear and non-linear wave shaping circuits.
? Apply the fundamental concepts of wave shaping for various switching and signal
generating circuits.
? Design different multivibrators and time base generators.
? Utilize the non sinusoidal signals in many experimental research areas.

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POWER ELECTRONICS

Preamble:

The usage of power electronics in day to day life has increased in recent years. It is
important for student to understand the fundamental principles behind all these converters.
This course covers characteristics of semiconductor devices, ac/dc, dc/dc, ac/ac and dc/ac
converters. The importance of using pulse width modulated techniques to obtain high quality
power supply (dc/ac converter) is also discussed in detail in this course.

Learning Objectives:
? To study the characteristics of various power semiconductor devices and to design
firing circuits for SCR.
? To understand the operation of single phase full?wave converters and analyze
harmonics in the input current.
? To study the operation of three phase full?wave converters.
? To understand the operation of different types of DC-DC converters.
? To understand the operation of inverters and application of PWM techniques for
voltage control and harmonic mitigation.
? To analyze the operation of AC-AC regulators.
UNIT?I:
Power Semi-Conductor Devices
Thyristors?Silicon controlled rectifiers (SCR's) ?Characteristics of power MOSFET and
power IGBT? Basic theory of operation of SCR?Static characteristics? Turn on and turn off
methods?Dynamic characteristics of SCR? Snubber circuit design? Basic requirements of
gating circuits for SCR, IGBT and MOSFET.

UNIT?II:
AC-DCSingle-Phase Converters
1-phase half wave controlled rectifiers ? R load and RL load with and without freewheeling
diode ? 1-phase full wave controlled rectifiers ? center tapped configuration and bridge
configuration- R load and RL load with and without freewheeling diode ? continuous and
discontinuous conduction ? Effect of source inductance in 1-phase fully controlled bridge
rectifier with continuous conduction.

UNIT?III:
AC-DC3-Phase Converters
3-phase half wave and Full wave uncontrolled rectifier ? 3-phase half wave controlled
rectifier with R and RL load ? 3-phase fully controlled rectifier with R and RL load ? 3-phase
semi controlled rectifier with R and RL load.

UNIT?IV:
DC?DC Converters
Analysis of Buck, boost and buck, buck-boost converters in ContinuousConduction Mode
(CCM) and Discontinuous Conduction Modes (DCM) ? Output voltage equations using volt-
sec balance in CCM & DCM output voltage ripple & inductor current, ripple for CCM only ?
Principle operation of forward and fly back converters in CCM.

UNIT ? V:
DC?AC Converters
1- phase halfbridge and full bridge inverters with R and RL loads ? 3-phase square wave
inverters ? 1200 conduction and 1800 conduction modes of operation ? PWM inverters ?
Quasi-square wave pulse width modulation ? Sinusoidal pulse width modulation ? Prevention
of shoot through fault in Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) ? Current Source Inverter (CSI) ?
Introduction to Auto Sequential Commutated Current Source Inverter (ASCCSI) .
UNIT ? VI:
AC ? AC Regulators.
Static V-I characteristics of TRIAC and modes of operation ? 1-phase AC-AC regulator
phase angle control and integrated cycle control with R and RL load ? For continuous and
discontinuous conduction- 3-Phase AC-AC regulators with R load only ? Transformer tap
changing using antiparallel Thyristors.
Learning Outcomes:
Student should be able to
? Explain the characteristics of various power semiconductor devices and analyze the
static and dynamic characteristics of SCR's.
? Design firing circuits for SCR.
? Explain the operation of single phase full?wave converters and analyze harmonics in
the input current.
? Explain the operation of three phase full?wave converters.
? Analyze the operation of different types of DC-DC converters.
? Explain the operation of inverters and application of PWM techniques for voltage
control and harmonic mitigation.
? Analyze the operation of AC-AC regulators.

Text Books:
1. Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices and Applications ? by M. H. Rashid, Prentice
Hall of India, 2nd edition, 1998
2. Power Electronics: Essentials & Applications by L.Umanand, Wiley, Pvt. Limited,
India, 2009

Reference Books:
1. Elements of Power Electronics?Philip T.Krein.oxford.
2. Power Electronics ? by P.S.Bhimbra, Khanna Publishers.
3. Thyristorised Power Controllers ? by G. K. Dubey, S. R. Doradla, A. Joshi and R. M.
K.Sinha, New Age International (P) Limited Publishers, 1996.
4. Power Electronics handbook by Muhammad H.Rashid, Elsevier.
5. Power Electronics: converters, applications & design -by Nedmohan, Tore M.
Undeland, Robbins by Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.
6. Power Converter Circuits -by William Shepherd, Li zhang, CRC Taylor & Francis
Group.

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ELECTRICAL MACHINES ? II

LABORATORY

Learning objectives:
? To control the speed of three phase induction motors.
? To determine /predetermine the performance three phase and single phase induction
motors.
? To improve the power factor of single phase induction motor .
? To predetermine the regulation of three?phase alternator by various methods, find Xd/
Xqratio of alternator and asses the performance of three?phase synchronous motor.

The following experiments are required to be conducted as compulsory experiments:
1. Brake test on three phase Induction Motor
2. No?load & Blocked rotor tests on three phase Induction motor
3. Regulation of a three ?phase alternator by synchronous impedance &m.m.f.
Methods
4. Regulation of three?phase alternator by Potier triangle method
5. V and Inverted V curves of a three--phase synchronous motor.
6. Determination of Xd and Xq of a salient pole synchronous machine
7. Equivalent circuit of single phase induction motor
8. Speed control of induction motor by V/f method.
9. Determination of efficiency of three phase alternator by loading with three phase
induction motor.
10. Power factor improvement of single phase induction motor by using capacitors and
load test on single phase induction motor.

Learning outcomes:
? Able to assess the performance ofsingle phase and three phase induction motors.
? Able to control the speed of three phase induction motor.
? Able to predetermine the regulation of three?phase alternator by various methods.
? Able to find the Xd/ Xqratio of alternator and asses the performance of three?phase
synchronous motor.

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CONTROL SYSTEMS LAB

Learning Objectives:

? To impart hands on experience to understand the performance of basic control system
components such as magnetic amplifiers, D.C. servo motors, A.C. Servo motors,
stepper motor and potentiometer.
? To understand time and frequency responses of control system with and without
controllers and compensators.

Any 10 of the following experiments are to be conducted:

1. Time response of Second order system
2. Characteristics of Synchros
3. Programmable logic controller ? characteristics of stepper motor
4. Effect of feedback on DC servo motor
5. Effect of P, PD, PI, PID Controller on a second order systems
6. Lag and lead compensation ? Magnitude and phase plot
7. DC position control system
8. Transfer function of DC motor
9. Temperature controller using PID
10. Characteristics of magnetic amplifiers
11. Characteristics of AC servo motor
12. Characteristics of DC servo motor
13. Potentiometer as an error detector
Learning Outcomes

? Able to analyze the performance and working Magnetic amplifier, D.C and A.C.
servo motors and synchronous motors.
? Able to design P,PI,PD and PID controllers
? Able to design lag, lead and lag?lead compensators
? Able to control the temperature using PID controller
? Able to determine the transfer function of D.C.motor
? Able to control the position of D.C servo motor performance

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ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS

LABORATORY
Learning Objectives:
? To understand the correct function of electrical parameters and calibration of voltage,
current, single phase and three phase power and energy, and measurement of
electrical characteristics of resistance, inductance and capacitance of a circuits
through appropriate methods.
? To understand testing of transformer oil.
Any 10 of the following experiments are to be conducted

1. Calibration and Testing of single phase energy Meter
2. Calibration of dynamometer wattmeter using phantom loading
3.Calibration of PMMC ammeter and voltmeter using Crompton D.C. Potentiometer
4.Measurement of resistance and Determination of Tolerance using Kelvin's double Bridge.
5. Capacitance Measurement using Schering bridge.
6. Inductance Measurement using Anderson bridge.
7. Measurement of 3 phase reactive power with single phase wattmeter for balanced loading.
8. Calibration of LPF wattmeter by direct loading.
9. Measurement of 3 phase power with single watt meter and using two C.Ts.
10. Testing of C.T. using mutual inductance method.
11. Testing of P.T. using absolute null method.
12. Dielectric oil testing using H.T test Kit.
13.Calibration of AC voltmeter and measurement of choke parameters using AC
Potentiometer in polarform.
14. Measurement of Power by 3 Voltmeter and 3 Ammeter method.
Learning Outcomes:
? To be able to measure the electrical parameters voltage, current, power, energy and
electrical characteristics of resistance, inductance and capacitance.
? To be able to test transformer oil for its effectiveness.
? To be able to measure the parameters of inductive coil.

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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND PATENTS

Objectives:
*To know the importance of Intellectual property rights, which plays a vital role in
advanced Technical and Scientific disciplines.
*Imparting IPR protections and regulations for further advancement, so that the
students can familiarize with the latest developments.
Unit I: Introduction to Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)
Concept of Property - Introduction to IPR ? International Instruments and IPR - WIPO -
TRIPS ? WTO -Laws Relating to IPR - IPR Tool Kit - Protection and Regulation -
Copyrights and Neighboring Rights ? Industrial Property ? Patents - Agencies for IPR
Registration ? Traditional Knowledge ?Emerging Areas of IPR - Layout Designs and
Integrated Circuits ? Use and Misuse of Intellectual Property Rights.
Unit II: Copyrights and Neighboring Rights
Introduction to Copyrights ? Principles of Copyright Protection ? Law Relating to Copyrights
- Subject Matters of Copyright ? Copyright Ownership ? Transfer and Duration ? Right to
Prepare Derivative Works ?Rights of Distribution ? Rights of Performers ? Copyright
Registration ? Limitations ? Infringement of Copyright ? Relief and Remedy ? Case Law -
Semiconductor Chip Protection Act.
Unit III: Patents
Introduction to Patents - Laws Relating to Patents in India ? Patent Requirements ? Product
Patent and Process Patent - Patent Search - Patent Registration and Granting of Patent -
Exclusive Rights ? Limitations - Ownership and Transfer ?? Revocation of Patent ? Patent
Appellate Board - Infringement of Patent ? Compulsory Licensing ?? Patent Cooperation
Treaty ? New developments in Patents ? Software Protection and Computer related
Innovations.
Unit IV: Trademarks
Introduction to Trademarks ? Laws Relating to Trademarks ? Functions of Trademark ?
Distinction between Trademark and Property Mark ? Marks Covered under Trademark Law -
Trade Mark Registration ? Trade Mark Maintenance ? Transfer of rights - Deceptive
Similarities - Likelihood of Confusion - Dilution of Ownership ? Trademarks Claims and
Infringement ? Remedies ? Passing Off Action.
Unit V: Trade Secrets
Introduction to Trade Secrets ? General Principles - Laws Relating to Trade Secrets -
Maintaining Trade Secret ? Physical Security ? Employee Access Limitation ? Employee
Confidentiality Agreements ? Breach of Contract ?Law of Unfair Competition ? Trade Secret
Litigation ? Applying State Law.

Unit VI: Cyber Law and Cyber Crime
Introduction to Cyber Law ? Information Technology Act 2000 - Protection of Online and
Computer Transactions - E-commerce - Data Security ? Authentication and Confidentiality -
Privacy - Digital Signatures ? Certifying Authorities - Cyber Crimes - Prevention and
Punishment ? Liability of Network Providers.
? Relevant Cases Shall be dealt where ever necessary.

Outcome:
* IPR Laws and patents pave the way for innovative ideas which are instrumental for
inventions to seek Patents.
*Student get an insight on Copyrights, Patents and Software patents which are
instrumental for further advancements.

References:

1. Intellectual Property Rights (Patents & Cyber Law), Dr. A. Srinivas. Oxford
University Press, New Delhi.
2. Deborah E.Bouchoux: Intellectual Property, Cengage Learning, New Delhi.
3. PrabhuddhaGanguli: Intellectual Property Rights, Tata Mc-Graw ?Hill, New Delhi
4. Richard Stim: Intellectual Property, Cengage Learning, New Delhi.
5. Kompal Bansal &Parishit Bansal Fundamentals of IPR for Engineers, B. S.
Publications (Press).
6. Cyber Law - Texts & Cases, South-Western's Special Topics Collections.
7. R.Radha Krishnan, S.Balasubramanian: Intellectual Property Rights, Excel Books.
New Delhi.
8. M.Ashok Kumar and MohdIqbal Ali: Intellectual Property Rights, Serials Pub.

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POWER ELECTRONIC CONTROLLERS

& DRIVES
Preamble:

This course is an extension of power electronics applications to electric drives. This
course covers in detail the basic and advanced speed control techniques using power
electronic converters that are used in industry. It is equally important to understand the four
quadrant operation of electric drives and slip power recovery schemes in induction motors.
Learning Objectives:
? To learn the fundamentals of electric drive and different electric braking methods.
? To analyze the operation of three phase converter controlled dc motors and four
quadrant operation of dc motors using dual converters.
? To discuss the converter control of dc motors in various quadrants.
? To understand the concept of speed control of induction motor by using AC voltage
controllers and voltage source inverters.
? To learn the principles of static rotor resistance control and various slip power
recovery schemes.
? To understand the speed control mechanism of synchronous motors
UNIT?I:
Fundamentals of Electric Drives
Electric drive ? Fundamental torque equation ? Load torque components ? Nature and
classification of load torques ? Steady state stability ? Load equalization? Four quadrant
operation of drive (hoist control) ? Braking methods: Dynamic ? Plugging ? Regenerative
methods.

UNIT?II:
Controlled Converter Fed DC Motor Drives
1-phase half and fully controlled converter fed separately and self-excited DC motor drive ?
Output voltage and current waveforms ? Speed-torque expressions ? Speed-torque
characteristics ?? Principle of operation of dual converters and dual converter fed DC motor
drives -Numerical problems.
UNIT?III:
DC?DC Converters Fed DC Motor Drives
Single quadrant ? Two quadrant and four quadrant DC-DC converter fed separately excited
and self-excitedDC motors ? Continuous current operation? Output voltage and current
waveforms ? Speed?torque expressions ? Speed?torque characteristics ?Four quadrant
operation ? Closed loop operation (qualitative treatment only).

UNIT?IV:
Stator side control of 3-phase Induction motor Drive
Stator voltage control using 3-phase AC voltage regulators ? Waveforms ?Speed torque
characteristics? Variable Voltage Variable Frequency control of induction motor
byPWMvoltage source inverter ? Closed loop v/f control of induction motor drives
(qualitative treatment only).

UNIT?V:
Rotor side control of 3-phase Induction motor Drive
Static rotor resistance control ? Slip power recovery schemes ? Static Scherbius drive ? Static
Kramer drive ? Performance and speed torque characteristics ? Advantages ?Applications.
UNIT?VI:
Control of Synchronous Motor Drives
Separate control & self-control of synchronous motors ? Operation of self-controlled
synchronous motors by VSI? Closed Loop control operation of synchronous motor drives
(qualitative treatment only).?Variable frequency control?Pulse width modulation.
Learning Outcomes:
After completion of the course, studentswill be able to:
? Explain the fundamentals of electric drive and different electric braking methods.
? Analyze the operation of three phase converter fed dc motors and four quadrant
operations of dc motors using dual converters.
? Describe the converter control of dc motors in various quadrants of operation
? Know the concept of speed control of induction motor by using AC voltage
controllers and voltage source inverters.
? Differentiate the stator side control and rotor side control of three phase induction
motor..
? Explain the speed control mechanism of synchronous motors

Text Books:
1. Fundamentals of Electric Drives ? by G K DubeyNarosa Publications
2. Power Semiconductor Drives, by S.B.Dewan, G.R.Slemon, A.Straughen, Wiley-
India Edition.

Reference Books:
1.Electric Motors and Drives Fundamentals, Types and Apllications, by Austin
Hughes and Bill Drury, Newnes.
2.Thyristor Control of Electric drives ? VedamSubramanyam Tata McGraw
Hill Publications.
3. Power Electronic Circuits, Devices and applications by M.H.Rashid, PHI
4. Power Electronics handbook by Muhammad H.Rashid, Elsevier.

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POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Preamble:

The course is designed to give students the required knowledge for the design and
analysis of electrical power grids. Calculation of power flow in a power system network
using various techniques, formation of Zbus and its importance are covered in this course. It
also deals with short circuit analysis and analysis of power system for steady state and
transient stability.
Learning Objectives:
? To development the impedance diagram (p.u) and formation of Ybus
? To study the different load flow methods.
? To study the concept of the Zbusbuilding algorithm.
? To study short circuit calculation for symmetrical faults
? To study the effect of unsymmetrical faults and their effects.
? To study the rotor angle stability of power systems.

UNIT ?I:
Per Unit Representation & Topology
Per Unit Quantities?Single line diagram? Impedance diagram of a power system?Graph
theory definition ? Formation of element node incidence and bus incidence matrices ?
Primitive network representation ? Formation of Y?bus matrix by singular transformation
and direct inspection methods.

UNIT ?II:
Power Flow Studies
Necessity of power flow studies ? Derivation of static power flow equations ? Power flow
solution using Gauss-Seidel Method ? Newton Raphson Method (Rectangular and polar
coordinates form) ?Decoupled and Fast Decoupled methods ? Algorithmic approach ?
Problems on 3?bus system only.
UNIT ?III:
Z?Bus formulation
Formation of Z?Bus: Partial network? Algorithm for the Modification of Zbus Matrix for
addition element for the following cases: Addition of element from a new bus to reference?
Addition of element from a new bus to an old bus? Addition of element between an old bus
to reference and Addition of element between two old busses (Derivations and Numerical
Problems).? Modification of Z?Bus for the changes in network ( Problems).

UNIT ? IV:
Symmetrical Fault Analysis
Transients on a Transmission line-Short circuit of synchronous machine(on no-load) - 3?
Phase short circuit currents and reactances of synchronous machine?Short circuit MVA
calculations -Series reactors ? selection of reactors.

UNIT ?V:
Symmetrical Components & Fault analysis
Definition of symmetrical components - symmetrical components of unbalanced three phase
systems ? Power in symmetrical components ? Sequence impedances ? Synchronous
generator ? Transmission line and transformers ? Sequence networks ?Various types of faults
LG? LL? LLG and LLL on unloaded alternator?unsymmetrical faults on power system.
UNIT ? VI:
Power System Stability Analysis
Elementary concepts of Steady state? Dynamic and Transient Stabilities? Description of
Steady State Stability Power Limit?Transfer Reactance?Synchronizing Power Coefficient ?
Power Angle Curve and Determination of Steady State Stability ?Derivation of Swing
Equation?Determination of Transient Stability by Equal Area Criterion?Applications of
Equal Area Criterion?Methods to improve steady state and transient stability.

`Learning Outcomes:
? Able to draw impedance diagram for a power system network and to understand per
unit quantities.
? Able to form aYbusand Zbusfor a power system networks.
? Able to understand the load flow solution of a power system using different methods.
? Able to find the fault currents for all types faults to provide data for the design of
protective devices.
? Able to findthe sequence components of currents for unbalanced power system
network.
? Able to analyze the steady state, transient and dynamic stability concepts of a power
system.
Text Books:

1. Power System Analysis by Grainger and Stevenson, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Modern Power system Analysis ? by I.J.Nagrath&D.P.Kothari: Tata
McGraw?Hill Publishing Company, 2nd edition.

Reference Books:
1. Power System Analysis ? by A.R.Bergen, Prentice Hall, Inc.
2. Power System Analysis by HadiSaadat ? TMH Edition.
3. Power System Analysis by B.R.Gupta, Wheeler Publications.
4. Power System Analysis and Design by J.Duncan Glover, M.S.Sarma, T.J.Overbye
? CengageLearning publications.

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MICROPROCESSORS AND

MICROCONTROLLERS

Preamble:

Microprocessor and microcontroller have become important building blocks in digital
electronics design. It is important for student to understand the architecture of a
microprocessor and its interfacing with various modules. 8086 microprocessor architecture,
programming, and interfacing is dealt in detail in this course. Interfacing, PIC, architecture,
programming in C.

Learning objectives:
? To understand the organization and architecture of Micro Processor
? To understand addressing modes to access memory
? To understand 8051 micro controller architecture
? To understand the programming principles for 8086 and 8051
? To understand the interfacing of MP with IO as well as other devices
? To understand how to develop cyber physical systems

UNIT?I:
Introduction to Microprocessor Architecture
Introduction and evolution of Microprocessors? Architecture of 8086?Register Organization
of 8086?Memory organization of 8086? General bus operation of 8086?Introduction to
80286?80386 and 80486 and Pentium.

UNIT?II:
Minimum and Maximum Mode Operations
Instruction set, Addressing modes? Minimum and Maximum mode operations of 8086?8086
Control signal interfacing?Read and write cycle timing diagrams.

UNIT?III:
I/O Interface
8255 PPI? Architecture of 8255?Modes of operation? Interfacing I/O devices to 8086 using
8255?Interfacing A to D converters? Interfacing D to A converters? Stepper motor
interfacing? Static memory interfacing with 8086?DMA controller (8257)?Architecture?
Interfacing 8257 DMA controller? Programmable Interrupt Controller (8259)?Command
words and operating modes of 8259? Interfacing of 8259?Keyboard/display controller
(8279)?Architecture?Modes of operation?Command words of 8279? Interfacing of 8279.
UNIT?IV:
Introduction to 8051 Micro Controller
Overview of 8051 Micro Controller? Architecture? Register set?I/O ports and Memory
Organization? Interrupts?Timers and Counters?Serial Communication.
UNIT? V:
PIC Architecture
Block diagram of basic PIC 18 micro controller, registers I/O ports.

UNIT? VI:
Programming in C for PIC
Data types, I/O programming, logical operations, data conversion

Learning Outcomes:
? To be able to understand the microprocessor capability in general and explore the
evaluation of microprocessors.
? To be able to understand the addressing modes of microprocessors
? To be able to understand the micro controller capability
? To be able to program mp and mc
? To be able to interface mp and mc with other electronic devices
? To be able to develop cyber physical systems
Text Books:
1. Kenneth J Ayala, "The 8051 Micro Controller Architecture, Programming and
Applications", Thomson Publishers, 2nd Edition.
2. PIC Microcontroller and Embedded Systems using Assembly and C for PIC 18, -
Muhammad Ali Mazidi, RolindD.Mckinay , Danny causey -Pearson Publisher 21st
Impression.

Reference Books:
1. R.S. Kaler, " A Text book of Microprocessors and Micro Controllers", I.K.
International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
2. Ajay V. Deshmukh, "Microcontrollers ? Theory and Applications", Tata McGraw?
Hill Companies ?2005.
3. Ajit Pal, "Microcontrollers ? Principles and Applications", PHI Learning Pvt Ltd,
2011.
4. Microprocessors and Interfacing, Douglas V Hall, Mc?Graw Hill, 2nd Edition.
5. Ray and Burchandi, "Advanced Micro Processors and Interfacing", Tata McGraw?
Hill.

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DATA STRUCTURES THROUGH C++

OBJECTIVES:
? To be familiar with basic techniques of object oriented principles and exception
handling using C++
? To be familiar with the concepts like Inheritance, Polymorphism
? Solve problems using data structures such as linear lists, stacks, queues, hash tables
? Be familiar with advanced data structures such as balanced search trees, AVLTrees,
and B Trees.

UNIT-I: ARRAYS
Abstract Data Types and the C++ Class, An Introduction to C++ Class- Data Abstraction and
Encapsulation in C++- Declaring Class Objects and Invoking Member Functions- Special
Class Operations- Miscellaneous Topics- ADTs and C++Classes, The Array as an Abstract
Data Type, The Polynomial Abstract Data type- Polynomial Representation- Polynomial
Addition. Spares Matrices,Introduction- Sparse Matrix Representation- Transposing a
Matrix- Matrix Multiplication, Representation of Arrays.
UNIT-II: STACKS AND QUEUES
Templates in C++, Template Functions- Using Templates to Represent Container Classes,
The Stack Abstract Data Type, The Queue Abstract Data Type, Subtyping and Inheritance in
C++, Evaluation of Expressions, Expression- Postfix Notation- Infix to Postfix.

UNIT-III: LINKED LISTS
Single Linked List and Chains, Representing Chains in C++, Defining a Node in C++-
Designing a Chain Class in C++- Pointer manipulation in C++- Chain Manipulation
Operations, The Template Class Chain, Implementing Chains with Templates- Chain
Iterators- Chain Operations- Reusing a Class, Circular Lists, Available Space Lists, Linked
Stacks and Queues, Polynomials, Polynomial Representation- Adding Polynomials- Circular
List Representation of Polynomials, Equivalence Classes, Sparse Matrices, Sparse Matrix
Representation- Sparse Matrix Input- Deleting a Sparse Matrix, Doubly Linked Lists,
Generalized Lists, Representation of Generalized Lists- Recursive Algorithms for Lists-
Reference Counts, Shared and Recursive Lists
UNIT-IV: TREES
Introduction, Terminology, Representation of Trees, Binary Trees, The Abstract Data Type,
Properties of Binary Tress, Binary Tree Representations, Binary Tree Traversal and Tree
Iterators, Introduction, Inorder Traversal Preorder Traversal, Postorder Traversal, Thread
Binary Trees, Threads, Inorder Traversal of a Threaded Binary Tree, Inserting a Node into a
Threaded Binary Tree, Heaps, Priority Queues, Definition of a Max Heap, Insertion into a
Max Heap, Deletion from a Max Heap, Binary Search Trees, Definition, Searching a Binary
Search Tree, Insertion into a Binary Search Tree, Deletion from a Binary Search Tree, Height
of Binary Search Tree.

UNIT-V: GRAPHS
The Graph Abstract Data Type, Introduction, Definition, Graph Representation, Elementary
Graph Operation, Depth First Search, Breadth First Search, Connected Components,
Spanning Trees, Biconnected Components, Minimum Cost Spanning Trees, Kruskal S
Algorithm, Prim s Algorithm Sollin' s Algorithm, Shortest Paths and Transitive Closure,
Single Source/All Destination: Nonnegative Edge Cost, Single Source/All Destination:
General Weights, All-Pairs Shortest Path, Transitive Closure.
UNIT-VI: SORTING
Insertion Sort, Quick Sort, Merge Sort Merging, Iterative Merge Sort, Recursive Merge Sort,
Heap Sort.
OUTCOMES:
? Distinguish between procedures and object oriented programming.
? Apply advanced data structure strategies for exploring complex data structures.
? Compare and contrast various data structures and design techniques in the area of
Performance.
? Implement data structure algorithms through C++. ? Incorporate data structures into
the applications such as binary search trees, AVL and B Trees
? Implement all data structures like stacks, queues, trees, lists and graphs and compare
their Performance and trade offs
TEXT BOOKS:

1. Data structures, Algorithms and Applications in C++, S.Sahni, University Press (India)
Pvt.Ltd, 2nd edition, Universities Press, Pvt. Ltd.
2. Data structures and Algorithm Analysis in C++, Mark Allen Weiss, Pearson Education.
Ltd.Second, Edition.
3. Data structures and Algorithms in C++, Michael T.Goodrich, R.Tamassia and .Mount,
Wiley student edition, John Wiley and Sons.
REFERENCE BOOKS:

1.Data structures and algorithms in C++, 3rd Edition, Adam Drozdek, Thomson
2.Data structures using C and C++, Langsam, Augenstein and Tanenbaum, PHI.
3. Problem solving with C++, The OOP, Fourth edition, W.Savitch, Pearson education.

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UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMIN
OPEN ELECTIVE
OBJECTIVES:
? Written technical communication and effective use of concepts and terminology.
? Facility with UNIX command syntax and semantics.
? Ability to read and understand specifications, scripts and programs.
? Individual capability in problem solving using the tools presented within the class.
Students will demonstrate a mastery of the course materials and concepts within in
class
discussions.

UNIT-I
Introduction to unix-Brief History-What is Unix-Unix Components-Using Unix-Commands
in Unix-Some Basic Commands-Command Substitution-Giving Multiple Commands.
UNIT-II
The File system ?The Basics of Files-What's in a File-Directories and File Names-
Permissions-I Nodes-The Directory Hierarchy, File Attributes and Permissions-The File
Command knowing the File Type-The Chmod Command Changing File Permissions-The
Chown Command Changing the Owner of a File-The Chgrp Command Changing the Group
of a File.
UNIT-III
Using the Shell-Command Line Structure-Met characters-Creating New Commands-
Command Arguments and Parameters-Program Output as Arguments-Shell Variables- -More
on I/O Redirection-Looping in Shell Programs.
UNIT-IV
Filters-The Grep Family-Other Filters-The Stream Editor Sed-The AWK Pattern Scanning
and processing Language-Good Files and Good Filters.

UNIT-V
Shell Programming-Shell Variables-The Export Command-The Profile File a Script Run
During Starting-The First Shell Script-The read Command-Positional parameters-The $?
Variable knowing the exit Status-More about the Set Command-The Exit Command-
Branching Control Structures-Loop Control Structures-The Continue and Break Statement-
The Expr Command: Performing Integer Arithmetic-Real Arithmetic in Shell Programs-The
here Document(<<)-The Sleep Command-Debugging Scripts-The Script Command-The Eval
Command-The Exec Command.

UNIT-VI
The Process-The Meaning-Parent and Child Processes-Types of Processes-More about
Foreground and Background processes-Internal and External Commands-Process Creation-
The Trap Command-The Stty Command-The Kill Command-Job Control.
OUTCOMES:
? Documentation will demonstrate good organization and readability.
? File processing projects will require data organization, problem solving and research.
? Scripts and programs will demonstrate simple effective user interfaces.
? Scripts and programs will demonstrate effective use of structured programming.
? Scripts and programs will be accompanied by printed output demonstrating
completion of a test plan.
? Testing will demonstrate both black and glass box testing strategies.
? Project work will involve group participation.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Introduction to Unix Shell Programming by M.G.Venkateshmurthy, Parson.
2. Unix programming environment by Brain W. Kernighan & Rob Pike, Pearson.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Unix and shell programmingby B.M. Harwani, OXFORD university press.

OOPs through Java

OBJECTIVE:
? To strengthen their problem solving ability by applying the characteristics of an
object- oriented approach.
? To introduce object oriented concepts in C++ and Java.
Programming:

1. Write a Programme that computes the simple interest and compound interest payable on
principal amount (in Rs.) of loan borrowed by the customer from a bank for a giver period
of time (in years) at specific rate of interest. Further determine whether the b bank will
benefit by charging simple interest or compound interest
2. Write a Programme to calculate the fare for the passengers traveling in a bus. When a
Passenger enters the bus, the conductor asks "What distance will you travel?" On
knowing distance from passenger (as an approximate integer), the conductor mentions the
fare to the passenger according to following criteria.
3. Write a C++ Program to illustrate Enumeration and Function Overloading
4. Write a C++ Program to illustrate Scope and Storage class
5. Implementation of ADT such as Stack and Queues
6. Write a C++ Program to illustrate the use of Constructors and Destructors and
Constructor Overloading
7. Write a Program to illustrate Static member and methods
8. Write a Program to illustrate Bit fields
9. Write a Program to overload as binary operator, friend and member function
10. Write a Program to overload unary operator in Postfix and Prefix form as member and
friend function
11. Write a C++ Program to illustrate Iterators and Containers
12. Write a C++ Program to illustrate function templates
13. Write a C++ Program to illustrate template class
14. Write C++ Programs and incorporating various forms of Inheritance
15. Write a C++ Program to illustrate Virtual functions
16. To write a C++ program to find the sum for the given variables using function with
default arguments.
17. To write a C++ program to find the value of a number raised to its power that
demonstrates a function using call by value.
18. To write a C++ program and to implement the concept of Call by Address

19. To write a program in C++ to prepare a student Record using class and object
20. To implement the concept of unary operator overloading by creating a C++ program.
21. Write a C++ program for swapping two values using function templates
22. Write a C++ program to implement a file handling concept using sequential access.
OUTCOMES:
? Explain what constitutes an object-oriented approach to programming and identify
potentialbenefits of object-oriented programming over other approaches.
? Apply an object-oriented approach to developing applications of varying complexities

VLSI DESIGN

Objectives:
The main objectives of this course are:
? Basic characteristics of MOS transistor and examines various possibilities for
configuring inverter circuits and aspects of latch-up are considered.
? Design processes are aided by simple concepts such as stick and symbolic diagrams
but the key element is a set of design rules, which are explained clearly.
? Basic circuit concepts are introduced for MOS processes we can set out approximate
circuit parameters which greatly ease the design process.
Outcomes:
At the end of this course the student can able to:
? Understand the properties of MOS active devices and simple circuits configured when
using them and the reason for such encumbrances as ratio rules by which circuits can
be interconnected in silicon.
? Know three sets of design rules with which nMOS and CMOS designs may be
fabricated.
? Understand the scaling factors determining the characteristics and performance of
MOS circuits in silicon.

Syllabus:
Unit-I:

Introduction and Basic Electrical Properties of MOS Circuits: Introduction to IC
technology, Fabrication process: nMOS, pMOS and CMOS. Ids versus Vds Relationships,
Aspects of MOS transistor Threshold Voltage, MOS transistor Trans, Output Conductance
and Figure of Merit. nMOS Inverter, Pull-up to Pull-down Ratio for nMOS inverter driven by
another nMOS inverter, and through one or more pass transistors. Alternative forms of pull-
up, The CMOS Inverter, Latch-up in CMOS circuits, Bi-CMOS Inverter, Comparison
between CMOS and BiCMOS technology. (Text Book-1)

Unit-II:
MOS and Bi-CMOS Circuit Design Processes: MOS Layers, Stick Diagrams, Design
Rules and Layout, General observations on the Design rules, 2?m Double Metal, Double
Poly, CMOS/BiCMOS rules, 1.2?m Double Metal, Double Poly CMOS rules, Layout
Diagrams of NAND and NOR gates and CMOS inverter, Symbolic Diagrams-Translation to
Mask Form.
(Text Book-1)

Unit-III:
Basic Circuit Concepts: Sheet Resistance, Sheet Resistance concept applied to MOS
transistors and Inverters, Area Capacitance of Layers, Standard unit of capacitance, Some
area Capacitance Calculations, The Delay Unit, Inverter Delays, Driving large capacitive
loads, Propagation Delays, Wiring Capacitances, Choice of layers.

Scaling of MOS Circuits: Scaling models and scaling factors, Scaling factors for device
parameters, Limitations of scaling, Limits due to sub threshold currents, Limits on logic
levels and supply voltage due to noise and current density. Switch logic, Gate logic.
(Text Book-1)
Unit-IV:
Chip Input and Output circuits: ESD Protection, Input Circuits, Output Circuits and
L(di/dt) Noise, On-Chip clock Generation and Distribution.
Design for Testability: Fault types and Models, Controllability and Observability, Ad Hoc
Testable Design Techniques, Scan Based Techniques and Built-In Self Test techniques.
(Text Book-2)
Unit-V:
FPGA Design: FPGA design flow, Basic FPGA architecture, FPGA Technologies, FPGA
families- Altera Flex 8000FPGA, Altera Flex 10FPGA, Xilinx XC4000 series FPGA, Xilinx
Spartan XL FPGA, Xilinx Spartan II FPGAs, Xilinx Vertex FPGA. Case studies: FPGA
Implementation of Half adder and full adder.
Introduction to synthesis: Logic synthesis, RTL synthesis, High level Synthesis.
(Reference Text Book-1)
Unit-VI:
Introduction to Low Power VLSI Design: Introduction to Deep submicron digital IC
design, Low Power CMOS Logic Circuits: Over view of power consumption, Low ?power
design through voltage scaling, Estimation and optimisation of switching activity, Reduction
of switching capacitance. Interconnect Design, Power Grid and Clock Design.

(Text Book-2)

Text Books:

1. Essentials of VLSI Circuits and Systems - Kamran Eshraghian, Douglas and A.
Pucknell and Sholeh Eshraghian, Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, 2005
Edition.
2. CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits Analysis and Design- Sung-Mo Kang, Yusuf
Leblebici, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2003.
References:

1. Advanced Digital Design with the Verilog HDL, Michael D.Ciletti, Xilinx Design
Series, Pearson Education
2. Analysis and Design of Digital Integrated Circuits in Deep submicron Technology,
3'rd edition, David Hodges.

ROBOTICS

(Open Elective)

OBJECTIVES:
? To introduce the basic concepts, parts of robots and types of robots.
? To make the student familiar with the various drive systems for robot, sensors and
their
applications in robots and programming of robots.
? To discuss about the various applications of robots, justification and implementation
of robot.
UNIT- I:
Introduction
Specifications of Robots- Classifications of robots ? Work envelope - Flexible automation
versus Robotic technology ? Applications of Robots ROBOT KINEMATICS AND
DYNAMICS Positions,
UNIT-II:
Orientations and frames, Mappings
Changing descriptions from frame to frame, Operators: Translations, Rotations and
Transformations - Transformation Arithmetic - D-H Representation - Forward and inverse
Kinematics Of Six Degree of Freedom Robot Arm ? Robot Arm dynamics

UNIT- III:
Robot Drives and Power Transmission Systems
Robot drive mechanisms, hydraulic ? electric ? servomotor- stepper motor - pneumatic
drives, Mechanical transmission method - Gear transmission, Belt drives, cables, Roller
chains, Link - Rod systems - Rotary-to-Rotary motion conversion, Rotary-to-Linear motion
conversion, Rack and Pinion drives, Lead screws, Ball Bearing screws,
UNIT -IV:
Manipulators
Construction of Manipulators, Manipulator Dynamic and Force Control, Electronic and
Pneumatic manipulators

UNIT- V:
Robot End Effectors
Classification of End effectors ? Tools as end effectors. Drive system for grippers-
Mechanical adhesive-vacuum-magnetic-grippers. Hooks&scoops. Gripper force analysis and
gripper design. Active and passive grippers.

UNIT -VI:
Path planning & Programming
Trajectory planning and avoidance of obstacles, path planning, skew motion, joint integrated
motion ? straight line motion-Robot languages-computer control and Robot software.

OUTCOMES:
? The Student must be able to design automatic manufacturing cells with robotic control
using
? The principle behind robotic drive system, end effectors, sensor, machine vision robot
Kinematics and programming.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Deb S. R. and Deb S., "Robotics Technology and Flexible Automation", Tata
McGraw HillEducation Pvt. Ltd, 2010.
2. John J.Craig, "Introduction to Robotics", Pearson, 2009.
3. Mikell P. Grooveret. al., "Industrial Robots - Technology, Programming and
Applications", McGraw Hill, New York, 2008.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Richard D Klafter, Thomas A Chmielewski, Michael Negin, "Robotics Engineering
?
An Integrated Approach", Eastern Economy Edition, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,
2006.
2. Fu K S, Gonzalez R C, Lee C.S.G, "Robotics: Control, Sensing, Vision and
Intelligence", McGraw Hill, 1987

NEURAL NETWORKS AND FUZZY LOGIC
(Open Elective)

Preamble:
This course introduces the basics of Neural Networks and essentials of Artificial Neural
Networks with Single Layer and Multilayer Feed Forward Networks. Also deals with
Associate Memories and introducesFuzzy sets and Fuzzy Logic system components. The
Neural Network and Fuzzy Network system application to Electrical Engineering is also
presented. This subject is very important and useful for doing Project Work.
Learning Objectives:
? To understand artificial neuron models.
? To understand learning methods of ANN.
? To utilize different algorithms of ANN.
? To distinguish between classical and fuzzy sets.
? To understand different modules of fuzzy controller.
? To understand applications of neural networks and fuzzy logic.
Unit ? I: Introduction to Neural Networks
Introduction, Humans and Computers, Organization of the Brain, Biological Neuron,
Biological and Artificial Neuron Models, Hodgkin-Huxley Neuron Model, Integrate-and-Fire
Neuron Model, Spiking Neuron Model, Characteristics of ANN, McCulloch-Pitts Model,
Historical Developments, Potential, Applications of ANN.
Unit- II: Essentials of Artificial Neural Networks
Artificial Neuron Model, Operations of Artificial Neuron, Types of Neuron Activation
Function, ANNArchitectures, Classification Taxonomy of ANN ? Connectivity, Neural
Dynamics (Activation and Synaptic), Learning Strategy (Supervised, Unsupervised,
Reinforcement), Learning Rules, Types of Application
Unit?III:
Multilayer feed forward Neural Networks
Credit Assignment Problem, Generalized Delta Rule, Derivation of Back propagation (BP)
Training, Summary of Backpropagation Algorithm, Kolmogorov Theorem, Learning
Difficulties and Improvements, Radial Basis Function (RBF) Neural Network ? Kohonen
Self Organising feature Map (KSOM).
Associative Memories
Bidirectional Associative Memories (BAM)-Architecture of Hopfield Network: Discrete and
Continuous versions, Storage and Recall Algorithm, Stability Analysis, Capacity of the
Hopfield Network, Summary and Discussion of Instance/Memory Based Learning
Algorithms, Applications.
Unit ? IV: Classical & Fuzzy Sets
Introduction to classical sets - properties, Operations and relations; Fuzzy sets, Membership,
Uncertainty, Operations, properties, fuzzy relations, cardinalities, membership functions.

UNIT V: Fuzzy Logic Modules
Fuzzification, Membership value assignment, development of rule base and decision making
system, Defuzzification to crisp sets, Defuzzification methods.

UNIT VI: Applications
Neural network applications: Process identification, control, fault diagnosis and load
forecasting.
Fuzzy logic applications: Load frequency control and Fuzzy classification.

Learning Outcomes:
Students should able to:
? Know different models of artificial neuron.
? Use learning methods of ANN.
? Use different paradigms of ANN.
? Classify between classical and fuzzy sets.
? Use different modules of Fuzzy logic controller.
? Apply Neural Networks and fuzzy logic for real-time applications.
Text Book:
1. Neural Networks, Fuzzy logic, Genetic algorithms: synthesis and applications by
RajasekharanandRai ? PHI Publication.
2. Introduction to Neural Networks using MATLAB 6.0 - S.N.Sivanandam, S.Sumathi,
S.N.Deepa, TMH,2006
Reference Book:
1. Neural Networks ? James A Freeman and Davis Skapura, Pearson Education, 2002.
2. Neural Networks ? Simon Hakins , Pearson Education
3. Neural Engineering by C.Eliasmith and CH.Anderson, PHI
4. Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic System by Bart Kosko, PHI Publications.

ENERGY AUDIT, CONSERVATION & MANAGEMENT
(Open Elective)

Preamble:
This is an open elective course developed to cater the current needs of the industry.
This course covers topics such as energy conservation act and energy conservation. It also
covers energy efficient lighting design. The student will learn power factor improvement
techniques, energy efficiency in HVAC systems. In addition The economic aspects such as
payback period calculations, life cycle costing analysis is covered in this course.
Learning Objectives:
? To understand energy efficiency, scope, conservation and technologies.
? To design energy efficient lighting systems.
? To estimate/calculate power factor of systems and propose suitable compensation
techniques.
? To understand energy conservation in HVAC systems.
? To calculate life cycle costing analysis and return on investment on energy efficient
technologies.
Unit?I:
Basic Principles of Energy Audit and management
Energy audit ? Definitions ? Concept ? Types of audit ? Energy index ? Cost index ? Pie
charts ?Sankey diagrams ? Load profiles ? Energy conservation schemes and energy saving
potential ? Numerical problems ? Principles of energy management ? Initiating, planning,
controlling, promoting, monitoring, reporting ? Energy manager ? Qualities and functions ?
Language ? Questionnaire ? Check list for top management.

Unit?II:
Lighting
Modification of existing systems ? Replacement of existing systems ? Priorities: Definition
of terms and units ? Luminous efficiency ? Polar curve ? Calculation of illumination level ?
Illumination of inclined surface to beam ? Luminance or brightness ? Types of lamps ?
Types of lighting ? Electric lighting fittings (luminaries) ? Flood lighting ? White light
LED and conducting Polymers ? Energy conservation measures.
Unit?III:
Power Factor and energy instruments
Power factor ? Methods of improvement ? Location of capacitors ? Power factor with non
linear loads ? Effect of harmonics on Power factor ? Numerical problems. Energy
Instruments ? Watt?hour meter ? Data loggers ? Thermocouples ? Pyrometers ? Lux meters
? Tong testers ? Power analyzer.
Unit?IV:
Space Heating and Ventilation
Ventilation ? Air?Conditioning (HVAC) and Water Heating: Introduction ? Heating of
buildings ? Transfer of Heat?Space heating methods ? Ventilation and air?conditioning ?
Insulation?Cooling load ? Electric water heating systems ? Energy conservation methods.
Unit?V
Economic Aspects and Financial Analysis

Understanding energy cost - Economics Analysis ? Depreciation Methods ? Time value of
money ? Rate of return ? Present worth method ? Replacement analysis ? Life cycle costing
analysis ? Energy efficient motors (basic concepts) ? Economics of energy efficient motors
and systems.

Unit?VI:
Computation of Economic Aspects
Need of investment, appraisal and criteria - Calculation of simple payback period?Return on
investment ? Net present value ? Internal rate of return ? numerical examples ? Power factor
correction ? Lighting ? Applications of life cycle costing analysis ? Return on investment ?
Numerical examples.

Learning Outcomes:
Student will be able to
? Explain energy efficiency, conservation and various technologies.
? Design energy efficient lighting systems.
? Calculate power factor of systems and propose suitable compensation techniques.
? Explain energy conservation in HVAC systems.
? Calculate life cycle costing analysis and return on investment on energy efficient
technologies.
Text Books:
1. Hand Book of Energy Audit by Sonal Desai- Tata McGraw hill
2. Energy efficient electric motors by John .C. Andreas, Marcel Dekker Inc Ltd?2nd
edition, 1995
Reference Books:
1. Energy management by W.R. Murphy & G. Mckay Butter worth, Elsevier
publications. 2012
2. Electric Energy Utilization and Conservation by S C Tripathy, Tata McGraw hill
publishing company Ltd. New Delhi.
3. Energy management by Paul o' Callaghan, Mc?Graw Hill Book company?1st
edition, 1998.
4. Energy management hand book by W.C.Turner, John wiley and sons.
5. Energy management and conservation ?k v Sharma and pvenkataseshaiah-I K
International Publishing House pvt.ltd,2011.
6. http://www.energymanagertraining.com/download/Gazette_of_IndiaPartIISecI-
37_25-08-2010.pdf

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POWER ELECTRONICS LAB

Learning objectives:

? To study the characteristics of various power electronic devices and analyze firing
circuits and commutation circuits of SCR.
? To analyze the performance of single?phase and three?phase full?wave bridge
converters with both resistive and inductive loads.
? To understand the operation of AC voltage regulator with resistive and inductive
loads.
? To understand the working of Buck converter, Boost converter and inverters.

Any 10 of the Following Experiments are to be conducted
1. Study of Characteristics of Thyristor, MOSFET & IGBT.
2. Design and development of a firing circuit for Thyristor.
3. Design and development of gate drive circuits for IGBT.
4. Single -Phase Half controlled converter with R and RL load
5. Single -Phase fully controlled bridge converter with R and RL loads
6. Single -Phase AC Voltage Regulator with R and RL Loads
7. Single -Phase square wave bridge inverter with R and RL Loads
8. Three- Phase fully controlled converter with RL?load.
9. Design and verification of voltages gain of Boost converter in Continuous Conduction
Mode(CCM) and Discontinuous Conduction Mode(DCM).
10. Design and verification of voltages ripple in buck converter in CCM operation.
11. Single -phase PWM inverter with sine triangle PWM technique.
12. 3-phase AC-AC voltage regulator with R-load.
Learning outcomes:
? Able to study the characteristics of various power electronic devices and analyze gate
drive circuits of IGBT.
? Able to analyze the performance of single?phase and three?phase full?wave bridge
converters with both resistive and inductive loads.
? Able to understand the operation of single phase AC voltage regulator with resistive
and inductive loads.
? Able to understand the working of Buck converter, Boost converter, single?phase
square wave inverter and PWM inverter.

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MICRO MPROCESSORS AND MICRO CONTROLLERS LAB

Learning Objectives:
? To study programming based on 8086 microprocessor and 8051 microcontroller.
? To study 8086 microprocessor based ALP using arithmetic, logical and shift
operations.
? To study to interface 8086 with I/O and other devices.
? To study parallel and serial communication using 8051& PIC 18 micro controllers.
Any 10 of the following experiments are to be conducted:
I. Microprocessor 8086&Microcontroller 8051
Introduction to MASM/TASM.
1. Arithmetic operation ? Multi byte addition and subtraction, multiplication and
division ? Signed and unsigned arithmetic operation, ASCII ? Arithmetic operation.
2. Logic operations ? Shift and rotate ? Converting packed BCD to unpacked BCD,
BCD to ASCII conversion.
3. By using string operation and Instruction prefix: Move block, Reverse string Sorting,
Inserting, Deleting, Length of the string, String comparison.
4. Interfacing 8255?PPI
5. Interfacing 8259 ? Interrupt Controller.
6. Interfacing 8279 ? Keyboard Display.
7. Stepper motor control using 8253/8255.
8. Reading and Writing on a parallel port using 8051
9. Timer in different modes using 8051
10. Serial communication implementation using 8051
11. Understanding three memory areas of 00 ? FF Using 8051 external interrupts.
12. Interface PIC 18 with an optoisolator
13. Interface PIC 18 with a DC motor
Learning Outcomes:
? Will be able to write assembly language program using 8086 micro based on
arithmetic, logical, and shift operations.
? Will be able to interface 8086 with I/O and other devices.
? Will be able to do parallel and serial communication using 8051 & PIC 18 micro
controllers.

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DATASTRUCTURES THROUGH C LAB
OBJECTIVES:
? To develop skills to design and analyze simple linear and non linear data structures
? To Strengthen the ability to identify and apply the suitable data structure for the given
real world problem
? To Gain knowledge in practical applications of data structures
List of Experiments:
1. Implementation of Singly linked list.
2. Implementation of Doubly linked list.
3. Implementation of Multistack in a Single Array.
4. Implementation of Circular Queue
5. Implementation of Binary Search trees.
6. Implementation of Hash table.
7. Implementation of Heaps.
8. Implementation of Breadth First Search Techniques.
9. Implementation of Depth First Search Techniques.
10. Implementation of Prim's Algorithm.
11. Implementation of Dijkstra's Algorithm.
12. Implementation of Kruskal's Algorithm
13. Implementation of MergeSort
14. Implementation of Quick Sort
15. Implementation of Data Searching using divides and conquers technique

OUTCOMES:
At the end of this lab session, the student will
? Be able to design and analyze the time and space efficiency of the data structure
? Be capable to identity the appropriate data structure for given problem
? Have practical knowledge on the application of data structures

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PROFESSIONAL ETHICSAND HUMAN VALUES

Course Objectives:
*To give basic insights and inputs to the student to inculcate Human values to grow as a
responsible human beings with proper personality.
*Professional Ethics instills the student to maintain ethical conduct and discharge their
professional duties.
UNIT I: Human Values:
Morals, Values and Ethics ? Integrity ?Trustworthiness - Work Ethics ? Service Learning ?
Civic Virtue ? Respect for others ? Living Peacefully ? Caring ? Sharing ? Honesty ?
Courage ? Value Time ? Co-operation ? Commitment ? Empathy ? Self-confidence ?
Spirituality- Character.

UNIT: II: Principles for Harmony:
Truthfulness ? Customs and Traditions -Value Education ? Human Dignity ? Human Rights
? Fundamental Duties - Aspirations and Harmony (I, We & Nature) ? Gender Bias -
Emotional Intelligence ? Salovey ? Mayer Model ? Emotional Competencies ?
Conscientiousness.

UNIT III: Engineering Ethics and Social Experimentation:
History of Ethics - Need of Engineering Ethics - Senses of Engineering Ethics- Profession
and Professionalism ??Self Interest - Moral Autonomy ? Utilitarianism ? Virtue Theory -
Uses of Ethical Theories - Deontology- Types of Inquiry ?Kohlberg's Theory - Gilligan's
Argument ?Heinz's Dilemma - Comparison with Standard Experiments ?? Learning from the
Past ?Engineers as Managers ? Consultants and Leaders ? Balanced Outlook on Law - Role
of Codes ? Codes and Experimental Nature of Engineering.

UNIT IV: Engineers' Responsibilities towards Safety and Risk:
Concept of Safety - Safety and Risk ? Types of Risks ? Voluntary v/sInvoluntary Risk ?
Consequences - Risk Assessment ? Accountability ? Liability - Reversible Effects -
Threshold Levels of Risk - Delayed v/sImmediate Risk - Safety and the Engineer ? Designing
for Safety ? Risk-Benefit Analysis-Accidents.
UNIT V: Engineers' Duties and Rights:
Concept of Duty - Professional Duties ? Collegiality - Techniques for Achieving Collegiality
? Senses of Loyalty - Consensus and Controversy - Professional and Individual Rights ?
Confidential and Proprietary Information - Conflict of Interest-Ethical egoism - Collective
Bargaining ? Confidentiality - Gifts and Bribes - Problem solving-Occupational Crimes-
Industrial Espionage- Price Fixing-Whistle Blowing.

UNIT VI: Global Issues:
Globalization and MNCs ?Cross Culture Issues - Business Ethics ? Media Ethics -
Environmental Ethics ? Endangering Lives - Bio Ethics - Computer Ethics - War Ethics ?
Research Ethics -Intellectual Property Rights.
? Related Cases Shall be dealt where ever necessary.
Outcome:
*It gives a comprehensive understanding of a variety issues that are encountered by
every professional in discharging professional duties.
*It provides the student the sensitivity and global outlook in the contemporary world to
fulfill the professional obligations effectively.

References:

1. Professional Ethics by R. Subramaniam ? Oxford Publications, New Delhi.
2. Ethics in Engineering by Mike W. Martin and Roland Schinzinger - Tata McGraw-
Hill ? 2003.
3. Professional Ethics and Morals by Prof.A.R.Aryasri, DharanikotaSuyodhana -
Maruthi Publications.
4. Engineering Ethics by Harris, Pritchard and Rabins, Cengage Learning, New Delhi.
5. Human Values & Professional Ethics by S. B. Gogate, Vikas Publishing House Pvt.
Ltd., Noida.
6. Engineering Ethics & Human Values by M.Govindarajan, S.Natarajan and
V.S.SenthilKumar-PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd ? 2009.
7. Professional Ethics and Human Values by A. Alavudeen, R.Kalil Rahman and M.
Jayakumaran ? University Science Press.
8. Professional Ethics and Human Values by Prof.D.R.Kiran-Tata McGraw-Hill - 2013
9. Human Values And Professional Ethics by Jayshree Suresh and B. S. Raghavan,
S.Chand Publications

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UTILIZATION OF ELECTRICAL

ENERGY

Preamble:
This course primarily deals with utilization of electrical energy generated from various
sources. It is important to understand the technical reasons behind selection of motors for
electric drives based on the characteristics of loads. Electric heating, welding and
illumination are some important loads in the industry in addition to motor/drives. Another
major share of loads is taken by Electric Traction. Utilization of electrical energy in all the
above loads is discussed in detail in this course. Demand side management concepts are also
introduced as a part of this course.

Learning objectives:
? To understand the operating principles and characteristics of traction motors with
respect to speed, temperature,loading conditions.
? To acquaint with the different types of heating and welding techniques.
? To study the basic principles of illumination and its measurement.
? To understand different types of lightning system including design.
? To understand the basic principle of electric traction including speed?time curves of
different traction services.
? To understand the method of calculation of various traction system for braking,
acceleration and other related parameters, including demand side management of
energy.

UNIT ? I:
Selection of Motors
Choice of motor, type of electric drives, starting and running characteristics?Speed control?
Temperature rise?Applications of electric drives?Types of industrial loads?continuous?
Intermittent and variable loads?Load equalization.

UNIT ? II:
Electric Heating
Advantages and methods of electric heating?Resistance heating induction heating and
dielectric heating ? Arc furnaces ? Direct and indirect arc furnaces
Electric Welding
Electric welding?Resistance and arc welding?Electric welding equipment?Comparison
between AC and DC Welding

UNIT ? III:
Illumination fundamentals
Introduction, terms used in illumination?Laws of illumination?Polar curves?Integrating
sphere?Lux meter?Discharge lamps, MV and SV lamps ? Lumen or flux method of
calculation - Sources of light.

UNIT ? IV:
Various Illumination Methods
Comparison between tungsten filament lamps and fluorescent tubes?Basic principles of light
control? Types and design of lighting and flood lighting?LED lighting, principle of
operation, street lighting and domestic lighting ? Conservation of energy.

UNIT ? V:
Electric Traction ? I
System of electric traction and track electrification? Review of existing electric traction
systems in India? Special features of traction motor? Mechanics of train movement?Speed?
time curves for different services ? Trapezoidal and quadrilateral speed time curves-High
speed transportation trains.

UNIT ? VI:
Electric Traction ? II
Calculations of tractive effort? power ?Specific energy consumption for given run?Effect of
varying acceleration and braking retardation?Adhesive weight and braking, retardation
adhesive weight and coefficient of adhesion?Principles of energy efficient motors-Modern
traction motors.
Learning Outcomes:
? Able to identify a suitable motor for electric drives and industrial applications
? Able to identify most appropriate heating or welding techniques for suitable
applications.
? Able to understand various level of illuminosity produced by different illuminating
sources.
? Able to estimate the illumination levels produced by various sources and recommend
the most efficient illuminating sources and should be able to design different lighting
systems by taking inputs and constraints in view.
? Able to determine the speed/time characteristics of different types of traction motors.
? Able to estimate energy consumption levels at various modes of operation.
Text Books:
1. Utilization of Electric Energy ? by E. Openshaw Taylor, Orient Longman.
2. Art & Science of Utilization of electrical Energy ? by Partab, DhanpatRai&
Sons.
Reference Books:
1. Utilization of Electrical Power including Electric drives and Electric traction ? by
N.V.Suryanarayana, New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers, 1996.
2. Generation, Distribution and Utilization of electrical Energy ? by C.L. Wadhwa,
New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers, 1997.

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LINEAR IC APPLICATIONS

OBJECTIVES
To understand the basic operation &performance parameters of differential amplifiers.
To understand & learn the measuring techniques of performance parameters of OP-AMP
To learn the linear and non-linear applications of operational amplifiers.
To understand the analysis & design of different types of active filters using opamps
To learn the internal structure, operation and applications of different analog ICs
To Acquire skills required for designing and testing integrated circuits
UNIT I
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS: Differential Amplifier- DC and AC analysis of Dual input
Balanced output Configuration, Properties of other differential amplifier configuration (Dual
Input Unbalanced Output, Single Ended Input ? Balanced/ Unbalanced Output), DC
Coupling and Cascade Differential Amplifier Stages, Level translator.

UNIT II
Characteristics of OP-Amps, Integrated circuits-Types, Classification, Package Types and
Temperature ranges, Power supplies, Op-amp Block Diagram, ideal and practical Op-amp
Specifications, DC and AC characteristics, 741 op-amp & its features, Op-Amp parameters &
Measurement, Input & Out put Off set voltages & currents, slew rate, CMRR, PSRR, drift,
Frequency Compensation techniques.

UNIT III
LINEAR and NON-LINEAR APPLICATIONS OF OP-AMPS: Inverting and Non-
inverting amplifier, Integrator and differentiator, Difference amplifier, Instrumentation
amplifier, AC amplifier, V to I, I to V converters, Buffers. Non- Linear function generation,
Comparators, Multivibrators, Triangular and Square wave generators, Log and Anti log
Amplifiers, Precision rectifiers.

UNIT IV
ACTIVE FILTERS, ANALOG MULTIPLIERS AND MODULATORS: Design &
Analysis of Butterworth active filters ? 1st order, 2nd order LPF, HPF filters. Band pass,
Band reject and all pass filters.
Four Quadrant Multiplier, IC 1496, Sample & Hold circuits.

UNIT V
TIMERS & PHASE LOCKED LOOPS: Introduction to 555 timer, functional diagram,
Monostable and Astable operations and applications, Schmitt Trigger; PLL - introduction,
block schematic, principles and description of individual blocks, 565 PLL, Applications of
PLL ? frequency multiplication, frequency translation, AM, FM & FSK demodulators.
Applications of VCO (566).

UNIT VI
DIGITAL TO ANALOG AND ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTERS: Introduction,
basic DAC techniques, weighted resistor DAC, R-2R ladder DAC, inverted R-2R DAC, and
IC 1408 DAC, Different types of ADCs ? parallel Comparator type ADC, counter type ADC,
successive approximation ADC and dual slope ADC.DAC and ADC Specifications,
Specifications AD 574 (12 bit ADC).

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Linear Integrated Circuits ? D. Roy Choudhury, New Age International (p) Ltd, 2nd
Edition,2003.
2. Op-Amps & Linear ICs - Ramakanth A. Gayakwad, PHI,1987.
3.Operational Amplifiers?C.G. Clayton, Butterworth & Company Publ. Ltd./Elsevier, 1971

REFERENCES :

1. Operational Amplifiers & Linear Integrated Circuits ?Sanjay Sharma ;SK Kataria
&Sons;2nd Edition,2010
2. Design with Operational Amplifiers & Analog Integrated Circuits ? Sergio Franco,
McGraw Hill, 1988.
3. OP AMPS and Linear Integrated Circuits concepts and Applications, James M Fiore,
Cenage Learning India Ltd.
4. Operational Amplifiers & Linear Integrated Circuits?R.F.Coughlin & Fredrick Driscoll,
PHI, 6th Edition.
5. Operational Amplifiers & Linear ICs ? David A Bell, Oxford Uni. Press, 3rd Edition

OUTCOMES
Design circuits using operational amplifiers for various applications.
Analyze and design amplifiers and active filters using Op-amp.
Diagnose and trouble-shoot linear electronic circuits.
Understand the gain-bandwidth concept and frequency response of the amplifier
configurations.
Understand thoroughly the operational amplifiers with linear integrated circuits.

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POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL

Preamble:
This subject deals with Economic operation of Power Systems, Hydrothermal
scheduling and modeling of turbines, generators and automatic controllers. It emphasizes on
single area and two area load frequency control and reactive power control.
Learning Objectives:
? To understand optimal dispatch of generation with and without losses.
? To study the optimal scheduling of hydro thermal systems.
? To study the optimal unit commitment problem.
? To study the load frequency control for single area system with and without
controllers
? .To study the load frequency control for two area system with and without controllers
? To understand the reactive power control and compensation of transmission lines.
UNIT?I:
Economic Operation of Power Systems
Optimal operation of Generators in Thermal power stations, ? Heat rate curve ? Cost Curve ?
Incremental fuel and Production costs ? Input?output characteristics ? Optimum generation
allocation with line losses neglected ? Optimum generation allocation including the effect of
transmission line losses ? Loss Coefficients ? General transmission line loss formula.

UNIT?II:
Hydrothermal Scheduling
Optimal scheduling of Hydrothermal System: Hydroelectric power plant models ?
Scheduling problems ? Short term hydrothermal scheduling problem.
UNIT?III:
Unit Commitment
Optimal unit commitment problem ? Need for unit commitment ? Constraints in unit
commitment ? Cost function formulation ? Solution methods ? Priority ordering ? Dynamic
programming.

UNIT?IV:
Load Frequency Control-I
Modeling of steam turbine ? Generator ? Mathematical modeling of speed governing system
? Transfer function ? Modeling of Hydro turbine ?Necessity of keeping frequency constant ?
Definitions of Control area ? Single area control system ? Block diagram representation of an
isolated power system ? Steady state analysis ? Dynamic response ? Uncontrolled case.
Proportional plus Integral control of single area and its block diagram representation ? Steady
state response.

UNIT?V:
Load Frequency Control-II
Block diagram development of Load Frequency Control of two area system uncontrolled
case and controlled case. Tie-line bias control. Load Frequency Control and Economic
dispatch control.

UNIT?VI:
Reactive Power Control
Overview of Reactive Power control ? Reactive Power compensation in transmission systems
? Advantages and disadvantages of different types of compensating equipment for
transmission systems ? Load compensation ? Specifications of load compensator ?
Uncompensated and compensated transmission lines: Shunt and series compensation ? Need
for FACTS controllers.

Learning Outcomes:
? Able to compute optimal scheduling of Generators.
? Able to understand hydrothermal scheduling.
? Understand the unit commitment problem.
? Able to understand importance of the frequency.
? Understand importance of PID controllers in single area and two area systems.
? Will understand reactive power control and compensation for transmission line.

Text Books:

1. Electric Energy systems Theory ? by O.I.Elgerd, Tata McGraw?hill Publishing
Company Ltd., Second edition.
2. Modern Power System Analysis ? by I.J.Nagrath&D.P.Kothari Tata McGraw Hill
Publishing Company Ltd, 2nd edition.
Reference Books:
1. Power System Analysis and Design by J.Duncan Glover and M.S.Sarma.,
Thompson, 3rdEdition.
2. Power System Analysis by Grainger and Stevenson, Tata McGraw Hill.
3. Power System Analysis by HadiSaadat ? TMH Edition.
4. Power System stability & control, PrabhaKundur,TMH

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SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION

Preamble:
In order to supply power from generating end to receiving end several equipments are
connected in to the system. In order to protect the equipments and components against
various operating conditions and over voltages protective devices are required to be installed
in the system. Topics specified in this subject deal with various types of protective
equipments and their working principle including limitations etc.

Learning objectives:
? To provide the basic principles and operation of various types of circuit breakers.
? To study the classification, operation and application of different types of
electromagnetic protective relays.
? To explain protective schemes, for generator and transformers.
? To impart knowledge of various protective schemes used for feeders and bus bars.
? To explain the principle and operation of different types of static relays.
? To study different types of over voltages in a power system and principles of different
protective schemes for insulation co?ordination.
UNIT?I:
Circuit Breakers
Miniature Circuit Breaker(MCB)? Elementary principles of arc interruption? Restriking
Voltage and Recovery voltages? Restriking phenomenon - RRRV? Average and Max.
RRRV? Current chopping and Resistance switching? Introduction to oil circuit breakers?
Description and operation of Air Blast? Vacuum and SF6 circuit breakers? CB ratings and
specifications? Concept of Auto reclosing.

UNIT?II:
Electromagnetic Protection
Relay connection ? Balanced beam type attracted armature relay - induction disc and
induction cup relays?Torque equation - Relays classification?Instantaneous? DMT and
IDMT types? Applications of relays: Over current and under voltage relays? Directional
relays? Differential relays and percentage differential relays? Universal torque equation?
Distance relays: Impedance? Reactance? Mho and offset mho relays? Characteristics of
distance relays and comparison.

UNIT?III:
Generator Protection
Protection of generators against stator faults? Rotor faults and abnormal conditions?
restricted earth fault and inter turn fault protection? Numerical examples.
Transformer Protection
Protection of transformers: Percentage differential protection? Design of CT's ratio?
Buchholz relay protection?Numerical examples.

UNIT?IV:
Feeder and Bus bar Protection
Protection of lines: Over currentProtection schemes ? PSM,TMS - Numerical examples -
Carrier current and three zone distance relay using impedance relays?Protection of bus bars
by using Differential protection.

UNIT?V:
Static and Digital Relays
Static relays: Static relay components? Static over current relays? Static distance relay?
Micro processor based digital relays

UNIT?VI:
Protection against over voltage and grounding
Generation of over voltages in power systems? Protection against lightning over voltages?
Valve type and zinc oxide lighting arresters? Insulation coordination? BIL? impulse ratio?
Standard impulse test wave? volt-time characteristics? Grounded and ungrounded neutral
systems?Effects of ungrounded neutral on system performance? Methods of neutral
grounding: Solid?resistance?Reactance?Arcing grounds and grounding Practices.

Learning Outcomes:
? Able to understand the principles of arc interruption for application to high voltage
circuit breakers of air, oil, vacuum, SF6 gas type.
? Ability to understand the working principle and operation of different types of
electromagnetic protective relays.
? Students acquire knowledge of faults and protective schemes for high power
generator and transformers.
? Improves the ability to understand various types of protective schemes used for
feeders and bus bar protection.
? Able to understand different types of static relays and their applications.
? Able to understand different types of over voltages and protective schemes required
for insulation co?ordination.

Text Books:
1. Power System Protection and Switchgear by Badari Ram and D.N Viswakarma,
TMH Publications
2. Power system protection- Static Relays with microprocessor applications.by
T.S.MadhavaRao,TMH

Reference Books:
1.Fundamentals of Power System Protection by Paithankar and
S.R.Bhide.,PHI, 2003.
2. Art & Science of Protective Relaying ? by C R Mason, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
3. Protection and SwitchGear by BhaveshBhalja, R.P. Maheshwari,
NileshG.Chothani, Oxford University Press, 2013

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ELECTRICAL MACHINE MODELING

& ANALYSIS

(Elective-I)

Preamble:
Electrical Motor is one of the main components of electrical drive. So, in order to develop
control strategies for electrical motor drives, it is very essential to have complete knowledge
on modeling of electrical machines.

Learning Objectives
? Establish unified theory of rotating machines.
? To understand the concept of phase transformation.
? Analyze different electrical machines for improved performance through modification
of their characteristics.
? Develop concepts on mathematical modeling of electrical machines.
UNIT ? I
Basic concepts of Modeling
Basic Two-pole Machine representationof Commutator machines, 3-phase synchronous
machine with andwithout damper bars and 3-phase induction machine, Kron's
primitiveMachine-voltage, current and Torque equations.
UNIT ? II
DC Machine Modeling
Mathematical model of separately excited D.Cmotor ? Steady State analysis-Transient State
analysis-Suddenapplication of Inertia Load-Transfer function of Separately excited D.C
Motor- Mathematical model of D.C Series motor, Shunt motor-Linearization Techniques for
small perturbations.
UNIT- III
Reference frame theory & Modeling of single phase InductionMachines
Linear transformation-Phase transformation - three phase totwo phase transformation (abc to
dq0) and two phase to three phasetransformation dq0 to abc -Power equivalence-
Mathematical modelingof single phase induction machines.
UNIT ? IV
Modeling of three phase Induction Machine
Generalized model inarbitrary
reference
frame-Electromagnetic torque-Derivation
ofcommonly used Induction machine models- Stator reference framemodel-Rotor reference
frame model-Synchronously rotating referenceframe model-state space model with flux
linkages as variables.

UNIT ?V
Modeling of Synchronous Machine
Synchronous machine inductances?voltage equations in the rotor's dq0 reference frame-
electromagnetictorque-current in terms of flux linkages-three synchronous machinemodel.

UNIT ?IV
Modeling of Special Machines
Modeling of PM Synchronous motor, modeling of BLDC motor,modeling of Switched
Reluctance motor.
Learning Outcomes:
After completion of this course, students will be able to
? Develop modeling of dc machine
? Apply mathematical modeling concepts to 3-phase Induction machines
? Design control strategies based on dynamic modeling of 3-ph Induction machines and
3-phase synchronous machine.
? Analyze BLDC Machine and switched reluctance machine based on mathematical
modeling of BLDCM and SRM.
Text Books:
1. Generalized theory of Electrical Machinery ?P.S.Bimbra- Khanna Publishers.
2. Electric Motor Drives - Modeling, Analysis& control -R.Krishnan- Pearson Publications-
1st edition -2002.
Reference Books:
1. Analysis of Electrical Machinery and Drive systems ? P.C.Krause, OlegWasynczuk, Scott
D.Sudhoff ? Second Edition-IEEE Press.
2. Dynamic simulation of Electric machinery using Matlab / Simulink ?CheeMunOng-PHl.
3. Modern Power Electronics and AC Drives-B.K. Bose - PHI

ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEMS

Preamble:

This subject aims to study state space, describing function, phase plane and stability
analysis including controllability and observability. It also deals with modern control and
optimal control systems.
Learning Objectives:
? Review of the state space representation of a control system: Formulation of different
models from the signal flow graph, diagonalization.
? To introduce the concept of controllability and observability. Design by pole
placement technique.
? Analysis of a nonlinear system using Describing function approach and Phase plane
analysis.
? The Lypanov's method of stability analysis of a system.
? Formulation of Euler Laugrange equation for the optimization of typical functionals
and solutions.
? Formulation of linear quadratic optimal regulator (LQR) problem by parameter
adjustment and solving riccatti equation.

UNIT ? I:
State space analysis
State Space Representation ? Solution of state equation ? State transition matrix, ?Canonical
forms ? Controllable canonical form ? Observable canonical form, Jordan Canonical Form.

UNIT ? II:
Controllability, observability and design of pole placement
Tests for controllability and observability for continuous time systems ? Time varying case ?
Minimum energy control ? Time invariant case ? Principle of duality ? Controllability and
observability form Jordan canonical form and other canonical forms ? Effect of state
feedback on controllability and observability ? Design of state feedback control through pole
placement.

UNIT ? III:
Describing function analysis
Introduction to nonlinear systems, Types of nonlinearities, describing functions, Introduction
to phase?plane analysis.

UNIT?IV:
Stability analysis
Stability in the sense of Lyapunov ? Lyapunov's stability and Lypanov's instability theorems
? Direct method of Lyapunov for the linear and nonlinear continuous time autonomous
systems.

UNIT?V:
Calculus of variations
Minimization of functional of single function ? Constrained minimization ? Minimum
principle ? Control variable inequality constraints ? Control and state variable inequality
constraints ? Euler lagrangine equation.

UNIT ?VI:
Optimal control
Linear Quadratic Optimal Regulator (LQR) problem formulation ? Optimal regulator design
by parameter adjustment (Lyapunov method) ? Optimal regulator design by Continuous Time
Algebraic Riccatti equation (CARE) - Optimal controller design using LQG framework.

Learning Outcomes:
? State space representation of control system and formulation of different state models
are reviewed.
? Able to design of control system using the pole placement technique is given after
introducing the concept of controllability and observability.
? Able to analyse of nonlinear system using the describing function technique and phase
plane analysis.
? Able to analysethe stability analysis using lypnov method.
? Minimization of functionals using calculus of variation studied.
? Able to formulate andsolve the LQR problem and riccatti equation.
Text Books:
1. Modern Control Engineering ? by K. Ogata, Prentice Hall of India, 3rd edition, 1998
2. Automatic Control Systems by B.C. Kuo, Prentice Hall Publication

Reference Books:
1. Modern Control System Theory ? by M. Gopal, New Age International
Publishers, 2nd edition,1996
2. Control Systems Engineering by I.J. Nagarath and M.Gopal, New Age
International (P) Ltd.
3. Digital Control and State Variable Methods ? by M. Gopal, Tata McGraw?
Hill Companies, 1997.
4. Systems and Control by Stainslaw H. Zak , Oxford Press, 2003.
5. Optimal control theory: an Introduction by Donald E.Kirk by Dover publications.

PROGAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS & APPLICATIONS
Preamble:IN most of the industry applications, computer control is gaining importance, PLC
is a industry computer, hence this course PLC makes the students to acquire knowledge
required for industry.
Learning Objectives:
? To have knowledge on PLC.
? To acquire the knowledge on programming of PLC.
? To understand different PLC registers and their description.
? To have knowledge on data handling functions of PLC.
? To know how to handle analog signal and converting of A/D in PLC.
Unit I:
Introduction

PLC Basics: PLC system, I/O modules and interfacing, CPU processor, programming
equipment, programming formats, construction of PLC ladder diagrams, devices connected to
I/O modules.
Unit II:
PLC Programming
PLC Programming: Input instructions, outputs, operational procedures, programming
examples using contacts and coils. Digital logic gates, programming in the Boolean algebra
system, conversion examples. Ladder diagrams and sequence listings, ladder diagram
construction.
Unit III:
Programmable Timers and Counters
Timer instructions ? On delay time instruction ? Off delay timer instruction ? Retentive timer
? Counter instructions ? Up counter ? Down counter - Cascading counters - Incremental
encoder ? Counter applications ? Combining counter and timer functions.
Unit IV:
Program Control Instructions
Master control reset instruction ? Jump instructions and sub routines ? Immediate input and
output instructions.

Unit V:
Other Instructions
Data manipulation ? Data transfer operation ? Data compare instruction ? Data manipulation
programs ? Numerical data I/O interfaces ? Math instructions ? Addition, subtraction,
multiplication & division instruction ? Sequential instructions ? Sequence programs ? Shift
registers ? Word shift registers.

Unit VI:
Applications
Control of water level indicator ? Alarm monitor - Conveyor motor control ? Parking garage
? Ladder diagram for process control ? PID controller.

LearningOutcomes:After completion of the course, students are able to:
? Understand the PLCs and their I/O modules.
? Develop control algorithms to PLC using ladder logic.
? Manage PLC registers for effective utilization in different applications.
? Design PID controller with PLC.
Text Books:
1. Programmable logic controllers by Frank D.Petruzella- McGraw Hill ? 3rd Edition.
2. Programmable Logic Controllers ? Principle and Applications by John W. Webb and
Ronald A. Reiss, Fifth Edition, PHI
Reference Books:
1. Programmable Logic Controllers ? Programming Method and Applications by JR.
Hackworth and F.D Hackworth Jr. ? Pearson, 2004.
2. Introduction to Programmable Logic Controllers- Gary Dunning-Cengage Learning.
3. Programmable Logic Controllers ?W.Bolton-Elsevier publisher

INSTRUMENTATION
(Elective ? I)

Preamble:
Electrical and Electronic Instrumentation plays a key role in the industry. With the
advancement of technology day to day manual maintenance is replaced by simply monitoring
using various instruments. Thus this course plays very important role in overall maintenance
of the industry.

Learning Objectives:
? To study various types of signals and their representation.
? To study various types of transducers: Electrical, Mechanical, Electromechanical,
Optical etc.
? To study and measure the various types of Non?electrical quantities.
? To study various types of digital voltmeters
? To study the working principles of various types of oscilloscopes and their
applications.
? To study various types of signal analyzers.

UNIT?I:
Signals and their representation
Measuring Systems, Performance Characteristics, ? Static characteristics ? Dynamic
Characteristics ? Errors in Measurement ? Gross Errors ? Systematic Errors ? Statistical
analysis of random errors ? Signal and their representation ? Standard test, periodic,
aperiodic, modulated signal ? Sampled data pulse modulation and pulse code modulation.

UNIT?II:
Transducers
Definition of transducers ? Classification of transducers ? Advantages of Electrical
transducers ? Characteristics and choice of transducers ? Principle operation of resistor,
inductor, LVDT and capacitor transducers ? LVDT Applications ? Strain gauge and its
principle of operation ? Guage factor ? Thermistors ? Thermocouples ? Synchros ? Piezo
electric transducers ? Photo diodes.

UNIT?III:
Measurement of Non?Electrical Quantities
Measurement of strain ? Gauge Sensitivity ? Displacement ? Velocity ? Angular Velocity ?
Acceleration ? Force ? Torque ? Measurement of Temperature, Pressure, Vacuum, Flow,
Liquid level.

UNIT?IV:
Digital Voltmeters
Digital voltmeters ? Successive approximation, ramp, dual?Slope integration continuous
balance type ? Microprocessor based ramp type ? DVM digital frequency meter ? Digital
phase angle meter.

UNIT?V:
Oscilloscope
Cathode ray oscilloscope ? Time base generator ? Horizantal and vertical amplifiers ?
Measurement of phase and frequency ? Lissajous patterns ? Sampling oscilloscope ? Analog
and digital type data logger ? Transient recorder.

UNIT?VI:
Signal Analyzers
Wave Analyzers ? Frequency selective analyzers ? Heterodyne ? Application of Wave
analyzers ? Harmonic Analyzers ? Total Harmonic distortion ? Spectrum analyzers ? Basic
spectrum analyzers ? Spectral displays ? Vector impedance meter ? Q meter ? Peak reading
and RMS voltmeters.
Learning Outcomes:
? Able to represent various types of signals .
? Acquire proper knowledge to use various types of Transducers.
? Able to monitor and measure various parameters such as strain, velocity,
temperature, pressure etc.
? Acquire proper knowledge and working principle of various types of digital
voltmeters.
? Able to measure various parameter like phase and frequency of a signal with the
help of CRO.
? Acquire proper knowledge and able to handle various types of signal analyzers.

Text Books:
1. Electronic Instrumentation?by H.S.Kalsi Tata MCGraw?Hill Edition, 1995.
2. A course in Electrical and Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation, A.K.
Sawhney, Dhanpatrai& Co.
Reference Books:
1. Measurement and Instrumentation theory and application, Alan S.Morris and Reza
Langari, Elsevier
2. Measurements Systems, Applications and Design ? by D O Doeblin
3. Principles of Measurement and Instrumentation ? by A.S Morris, Pearson/
Prentice Hall ofIndia
4. Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement techniques ? by A.D
HelfrickandW.D.Cooper, Pearson/Prentice Hall of India.
4. Transducers and Instrumentation by D.V.S Murthy, Prentice Hall of India.

IV Year ? I
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OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES

(Elective ? II)

Preamble:
Optimization techniques have gained importance to solve many engineering design
problems by developing linear and nonlinear mathematical models. The aim of this course is
to educate the student to develop a mathematical model by defining an objective function and
constraints in terms of design variables and then apply a particular mathematical
programming technique. This course covers classical optimization techniques, linear
programming, nonlinear programming and Genetic & Partial Swarm Optimization
algorithms.
Learning Objectives:
? To define an objective function and constraint functions in terms of design variables,
and then state the optimization problem.
? To state single variable and multi variable optimization problems, without and with
constraints.
? To explain linear programming technique to an optimization problem, define slack
and surplus variables, by using Simplex method.
? To study and explain nonlinear programming techniques, unconstrained or
constrained, and define exterior and interior penalty functions for optimization
problems.
? To introduce evolutionary programming techniques.
? To introduce basic principles of Genetic Algorithms and Partial Swarm Optimization
methods.
UNIT ? I:
Introduction and Classical Optimization Techniques:
Statement of an Optimization problem ? design vector ? design constraints ? constraint
surface ? objective function ? objective function surfaces ? classification of Optimization
problems.

UNIT ? II:
Classical Optimization Techniques
Single variable Optimization ? multi variable Optimization without constraints ? necessary
and sufficient conditions for minimum/maximum ? multivariable Optimization with equality
constraints.Solution by method of Lagrange multipliers ? multivariable Optimization with
inequality constraints ? Kuhn ? Tucker conditions.

UNIT ? III:
Linear Programming
Standard form of a linear programming problem ? geometry of linear programming problems
? definitions and theorems ? solution of a system of linear simultaneous equations ? pivotal
reduction of a general system of equations ? motivation to the simplex method ? simplex
algorithm - Duality in Linear Programming ? Dual Simplex method.

UNIT ? IV:
Nonlinear Programming:
Unconstrained cases - One ? dimensional minimization methods: Classification, Fibonacci
method and Quadratic interpolation method - Univariate method, Powell's method and
steepest descent method.
Constrained cases - Characteristics of a constrained problem, Classification, Basic approach
of Penalty Function method; Basic approaches of Interior and Exterior penalty function
methods.Introduction to convex Programming Problem.
UNIT ? V:
Introduction to Evolutionary Methods:
Evolutionary programming methods - Introduction to Genetic Algorithms (GA)? Control
parameters ?Number of generation, population size, selection, reproduction, crossover and
mutation ? Operator selection criteria ? Simple mapping of objective function to fitness
function ? constraints ? Genetic algorithm steps ? Stopping criteria ?Simple examples.

UNIT ? VI:
Introduction to Swarm Intelligence Systems:
Swarm intelligence programming methods - Basic Partial Swarm Optimization ? Method ?
Characteristic features of PSO procedure of the global version ? Parameters of PSO (Simple
PSO algorithm ? Operators selection criteria ? Fitness function constraints) ? Comparison
with other evolutionary techniques ? Engineering applications of PSO.

Learning Outcomes:
The student should be able to:
? State and formulate the optimization problem, without and with constraints, by using
design variables from an engineering design problem.
? Apply classical optimization techniques to minimize or maximize a multi-variable
objective function, without or with constraints, and arrive at an optimal solution.
? Formulate a mathematical model and apply linear programming technique by using
Simplex method. Also extend the concept of dual Simplex method for optimal
solutions.
? Apply gradient and non-gradient methods to nonlinear optimization problems and use
interior or exterior penalty functions for the constraints to derive the optimal
solutions.
? Able to apply Genetic algorithms for simple electrical problems.
? Able to solve practical problems using PSO.
Text Books
1. "Engineering optimization: Theory and practice"-by S. S.Rao, New Age
International (P) Limited, 3rd edition, 1998.
2. Soft Computing with Matlab Programming by N.P.Padhy&S.P.Simson, Oxford
University Press ? 2015
Reference Books:
1. "Optimization methods in operations Research and Systems Analysis" by K.V.Mital
and C.Mohan, New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers, 3rd edition, 1996.
2. Genetic Algorithms in search, optimization, and Machine Learning by David
E.Goldberg,ISBN:978-81-7758-829-3, Pearsonby Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt.
Ltd.
3. "Operations Research: An Introduction" by H.A.Taha, PHI pvt. Ltd., 6th edition.
4. Linear Programming by G.Hadley.

ELECTRIC POWER QUALITY

Preamble:
Power quality is a major problem for utilities and customers. Customers using
sensitive critical loads need quality power for proper operation of the electrical equipment. It
is important for the student to learn the power quality issues and improvement measures
provided by the utility companies. This course covers the topics on voltage and current
imperfections, harmonics, voltage regulation, power factor improvement, distributed
generation, power quality monitoring and measurement equipment.
Learning Objectives:
? To learn different types of power quality phenomena.
? To identify sources for voltage sag, voltage swell, interruptions, transients, long
duration over voltages and harmonics in a power system.
? To describe power quality terms and study power quality standards.
? To learn the principle of voltage regulation and power factor improvement methods.
? To explain the relationship between distributed generation and power quality.
? To understand the power quality monitoring concepts and the usage of measuring
instruments.

Unit?I:Introduction
Overview of power quality ? Concern about the power quality ? General classes of power
quality and voltage quality problems ? Transients ? Long?duration voltage variations ?
Short?duration voltage variations ? Voltage unbalance ? Waveform distortion ? Voltage
fluctuation ? Power frequency variations.
Unit?II:Voltage imperfections in power systems
Power quality terms ? Voltage sags ? Voltage swells and interruptions ? Sources of voltage
sag, swell and interruptions ? Nonlinear loads ? IEEE and IEC standards. Source of transient
over voltages ? Principles of over voltage protection ? Devices for over voltage protection ?
Utility capacitor switching transients.
Unit?III: Voltage Regulation and power factor improvement:
Principles of regulating the voltage ? Device for voltage regulation ? Utility voltage
regulator application ? Capacitor for voltage regulation ? End?user capacitor application ?
Regulating utility voltage with distributed resources ? Flicker ? Power factor penalty ? Static
VAR compensations for power factor improvement.
Unit? IV: Harmonic distortion and solutions
Voltagedistortion vs. Current distortion ? Harmonics vs. Transients ? Harmonic indices ?
Sources of harmonics ? Effect of harmonic distortion ? Impact of capacitors, transformers,
motors and meters ? Point of common coupling ? Passive and active filtering ? Numerical
problems.

Unit?V: Distributed Generation and Power Quality
Resurgence of distributed generation ? DG technologies ? Interface to the utility system ?
Power quality issues and operating conflicts ? DG on low voltage distribution networks.
Unit?VI :Monitoring and Instrumentation
Power quality monitoring and considerations ? Historical perspective of PQ measuring
instruments ? PQ measurement equipment ? Assessment of PQ measuring data ? Application
of intelligent systems ? PQ monitoring standards.

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this course the student should be able to
? Differentiate between different types of power quality problems.
? Explain the sources of voltage sag, voltage swell, interruptions, transients, long
duration over voltages and harmonics in a power system.
? Analyze power quality terms and power quality standards.
? Explain the principle of voltage regulation and power factor improvement methods.
? Demonstrate the relationship between distributed generation and power quality.
? Explain the power quality monitoring concepts and the usage of measuring
instruments.
Textbooks:
1. Electrical Power Systems Quality, Dugan R C, McGranaghan M F, Santoso S, and
Beaty H W, Second Edition, McGraw?Hill, 2012, 3rd edition.
2.Electric power quality problems ?M.H.J.Bollen IEEE series-Wiley India publications,2011.
Reference Books:
1. Power Quality Primer, Kennedy B W, First Edition, McGraw?Hill, 2000.
2. Understanding Power Quality Problems: Voltage Sags and Interruptions, Bollen M
HJ, First Edition, IEEE Press; 2000.
3. Power System Harmonics, Arrillaga J and Watson N R, Second Edition, John
Wiley & Sons, 2003.
4. Electric Power Quality control Techniques, W. E. Kazibwe and M. H. Sendaula,
Van Nostrad Reinhold, New York.
5. Power Quality c.shankaran, CRC Press, 2001
6. Harmonics and Power Systems ?Franciso C.DE LA Rosa?CRC Press (Taylor &
Francis)
7. Power Quality in Power systems and Electrical Machines?EwaldF.fuchs,
Mohammad A.S. Masoum?Elsevier.

SPECIAL ELECTRICAL MACHINES

Preamble:

This is an advanced course on electrical machines. Students will be exposed to
various special machines which are gaining importance in industry. This course covers topics
related to principles, performance and applications of these special machines including
switched reluctance motors, stepper motors, permanent magnet dc motors and linear motors.
Learning Objective:
? To explain theory of operation and control of switched reluctance motor.
? To explain the performance and control of stepper motors, and their applications.
? To describe the operation and characteristics of permanent magnet dc motor.
? To distinguish between brush dc motor and brush less dc motor.
? To explain the theory of travelling magnetic field and applications of linear motors.
Unit I:
Permanent magnet materials and PMDC motors
Introduction-classification of permanent magnet materials used in electrical machines-minor
hysteresis loop and recoil line-Stator frames of conventional dc machines-Development of
electronically commutated dc motor from conventional dc motor-Permanent-magnet
materials and characteristics-B-H loop and demagnetization characteristics-Temperature
effects: reversible and irreversible losses-high temperature effects-reversible losses-
Irreversible losses recoverable by magnetization-Mechanical properties, handling and
magnetization-Application of permanent magnets in motors-power density-operating
temperature range-severity of operation duty.
Unit II:
Stepper Motors
Classification of stepper motors ? Hybrid and Variable Reluctance Motor (VRM) -
Construction and principle of hybid type synchronous stepper motor ? Different
configuration for switching the phase windings control circuits for stepper motors ? Open
loop and closed loop control of 2-phase hybrid stepping motor.
Construction and principle of operation of Variable Reluctance Motor (VRM) ? Single stack
and multiple stack ? Open loop control of 3- phase VR Stepper Motor- Applications.
Unit III:
Switched Reluctance Motors
Construction ? Comparison of conventional and switched reluctance motors ? Design of
stator and rotor pole arcs ? Torque producing principle and torque expression ? Different
converter configurations for SRM ? Drive and power circuits for SRM ? Position sensing of
rotor ? Applications of SRM.

Unit IV:
Square Wave Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor
Types of constructions ? Surface mounted and interior type permanent magnet ? Principle of
operation of BLDC motor. Torque and EMF equations ? Torque speed characteristics ?
Performance and efficiency- Square wave brushless motors with 1200 and 1800 magnetic
areas commutation.

Unit V:
Sine wave Permanent Magnet Brushless Motor
Torque and EMF equations ? Phasor Diagram ? Circle diagram ? Torque/speed
characteristics ? Comparison between square wave and sine wave permanent magnet motors -
Applications.
Unit VI:
Linear Induction Motors (LIM)
Construction? principle of operation?Double sided LIM from rotating type Induction Motor ?
Schematic of LIM drive for traction ? Development of one sided LIM with back iron-
equivalent circuit of LIM.
Learning Outcomes:
The student should be able to
? Distinguish between brush dc motor and brush less dc motor.
? Explain the performance and control of stepper motors, and their applications.
? Explain theory of operation and control of switched reluctance motor.
? Explain the theory of travelling magnetic field and applications of linear motors.
? Understand the significance of electrical motors for traction drives.

Text Books:
1. Brushless Permanent magnet and reluctance motor drives, Clarenden press,
T.J.E. Miller, 1989, Oxford.
2. Special electrical Machines, K.VenkataRatnam, University press, 2009, New
Delhi.

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ELECTRICAL SIMULATION LAB

Learning objectives:
? To simulate integrator circuit, differentiator circuit, Boost converter, Buck converter,
full convertor and PWM inverter.
? To simulate transmission line by incorporating line, load and transformer models.
? To perform transient analysis of RLC circuit and single machine connected to infinite
bus(SMIB).
Following experiments are to be conducted:
1. Simulation of transient response of RLC circuits
a. Response to pulse input
b. Response to step input
c. Response to sinusoidal input
2. Analysis of three phase circuit representing the generator transmission line and load. Plot
three phase currents & neutral current .
3. Simulation of single?phase full converter using RLE loads and single phase AC voltage
controller using RL loads
4. Plotting of Bode plots, root locus and nyquist plots for the transfer functions of systems
up to 5th order
5. Simulation of Boost and Buck converters.
6. Integrator & Differentiator circuits using op?amp.
7. Simulation of D.C separately excited motor using transfer function approach.
Any 2 of the following experiments are to be conducted:
1. Modeling of transformer and simulation of lossy transmission line.
2. Simulation of single phase inverter with PWM control.
3. Simulation of three phase full converter using MOSFET and IGBTs.
4. Transient analysis of single machine connected to infinite bus(SMIB).
Learning outcomes:
? Able to simulate integrator circuit, differentiator circuit, Boost converter, Buck
converter, full convertor and PWM inverter.
? Able to simulate transmission line by incorporating line, load and transformer models.
? Able to perform transient analysis of RLC circuit and single machine connected to
infinite bus(SMIB).
Reference Books:
1. "Simulation
of
Power
Electronic
Circuit",byM.B.patil,
V.Ramanarayan,
V.T.Ranganathan.Narosha,2009.
2. Pspice for circuits and electronics using PSPICE ? by M.H.Rashid, M/s PHI
Publications
3. Pspice A/D user`s manual ? Microsim, USA
4. Pspice reference guide ? Microsim, USA
5. MATLAB user`s manual ? Mathworks, USA
6. MATLAB ? control system tool box ? Mathworks, USA
7. SIMULINK user`s manual ? Mathworks, USA
8. EMTP User`s Manual.
9. SEQUEL? A public domain circuit simulator available at www.ee.iitb.ac.in/~sequel

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POWER SYSTEMS LAB

Learning Objectives:

To impart the practical knowledge of functioning of various power system
components and determination of various parameters and simulation of load flows, transient
stability, LFC and Economic dispatch.
Any 10 of the Following experiments are to be conducted:

1. Sequence impedances of 3 phase Transformer.
2. Sequence impedances of 3 phase Alternator by Fault Analysis.
3. Sequence impedances of 3 phase Alternator by Direct method.
4. ABCD parameters of Transmission line.
5. Power Angle Characteristics of 3phase Alternator with infinite bus bars.
6. Dielectric strength of Transformer oil.
7. Calibration of Tong Tester.
8 Load flow studies using Gauss-seidel method
9. Load flow studies using N-R method..
10. Transient Stability Analysis
11. Load frequency control with &without control
12. Load frequency control with control
13. Economic load dispatch with & without losses
14. Economic load dispatch with losses.
Learning Outcomes:
The student is able to determine the parameters of various power system components
which are frequently occur in power system studies and he can execute energy management
systems functions at load dispatch center.

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DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

Preamble:
In recent years digital controllers have become popular due to their capability of
accurately performing complex computations at high speeds and versatility in leading
nonlinear control systems. In this context, this course focuses on the analysis and design of
digital control systems.
Learning objectives:

? To understand the concepts of digital control systems and assemble various
components associated with it. Advantages compared to the analog type.
? The theory of z?transformations and application for the mathematical analysis of
digital control systems.
? To represent the discrete?time systems in state?space model and evaluation of state
transition matrix.
? To examine the stability of the system using different tests.
? To study the conventional method of analyzing digital control systems in the w?plane.
? To study the design of state feedback control by "the pole placement method."

UNIT ? I:
Introduction and signal processing
Introduction to analog and digital control systems ? Advantages of digital systems ? Typical
examples ? Signals and processing ? Sample and hold devices ? Sampling theorem and data
reconstruction ? Frequency domain characteristics of zero order hold.

UNIT?II:
z?transformations
z?Transforms ? Theorems ? Finding inverse z?transforms ? Formulation of difference
equations and solving ? Block diagram representation ? Pulse transfer functions and finding
open loop and closed loop responses.

UNIT?III:
State space analysis and the concepts of Controllability and observability
State space representation of discrete time systems ? State transition matrix and methods of
evaluation ? Discretization of continuous ? Time state equations ? Concepts of controllability
and observability ? Tests(without proof).
UNIT ? IV:
Stability analysis
Mapping between the s?Plane and the z?Plane ? Primary strips and Complementary strips ?
Stability criterion ? Modified Routh's stability criterion and Jury's stability test.

UNIT ? V:

Design of discrete?time control systems by conventional methods
Transient and steady state specifications ? Design using frequency response in the w?plane
for lag and lead compensators ? Root locus technique in the z?plane.

UNIT ? VI:
State feedback controllers:
Design of state feedback controller through pole placement ? Necessary and sufficient
conditions ? Ackerman's formula.

Learning outcomes:
? The students learn the advantages of discrete time control systems and the "know
how" of various associated accessories.
? The learner understand z?transformations and their role in the mathematical analysis
of different systems(like Laplace transforms in analog systems).
? The stability criterion for digital systems and methods adopted for testing the same
are explained.
? Finally, the conventional and state space methods of design are also introduced.

Text Book:
1. Discrete?Time Control systems ? K. Ogata, Pearson Education/PHI, 2nd
Edition.
2. Digital Control and State Variable Methods by M.Gopal, TMH, 4th Edition.
Reference Books:
1. Digital Control Systems, Kuo, Oxford University Press, 2nd Edition, 2003.

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H.V.D.C. TRANSMISSION

Preamble:
This subject deals with the importance of HVDC transmission, analysis of HVDC converters,
Faults and protections, Harmonics and Filters. It also deals with Reactive power control and
Power factor improvements of the system.
Learning Objectives:
? To Understand basic concepts of HVDC Transmission.
? To analyze the converter configuration.
? To Know the control of converter and HVDC Transmission.
? To Understand the significance of reactive power control and AC/Dc load flow.
? To Know different converter faults, protection and effect of harmonics.
? To leave low pass and high pass filters.
UNIT ? I
Basic Concepts
Economics & Terminal equipment of HVDC transmission systems: Types of HVDC Links ?
Apparatus required for HVDC Systems ? Comparison of AC &DC Transmission,
Application of DC Transmission System ? Planning & Modern trends in D.C. Transmission.
UNIT ? II
Analysis of HVDC Converters
Choice of converter configuration ? analysis of Graetz ? characteristics of 6 pulse & 12 pulse
converters ?Cases of two 3 phase converters in star ?star mode ? their performance.
UNIT ? III
Converter & HVDC System Control
Principal of DC Link Control ? Converters Control Characteristics ? Firing angle control ?
Current and extinction angle control ? Effect of source inductance on the system - Starting
and stopping of DC link - Power Control.
UNIT-IV
Reactive Power Control in HVDC
Reactive Power Requirements in steady state-Conventional control strategies-Alternate
control strategiessources of reactive power-AC Filters ? shunt capacitors-synchronous
condensers.
Power Flow Analysis In AC/DC Systems
Modelling of DC Links-DC Network-DC Converter-Controller Equations-Solution of DC
loadflow ?solution of AC-DC Power flow-Simultaneous method-Sequential method.

UNIT-V
Converter Fault & Protection
Converter faults ? protection against over current and over voltage in converter station ?
surge arresters ?smoothing reactors ? DC breakers ?Audible noise-space charge field-corona
effects on DC lines-Radio interference.

Harmonics
Generation of Harmonics ?Characteristics harmonics, calculation of AC Harmonics, Non-
Characteristics harmonics, adverse effects of harmonics ? Calculation of voltage & Current
harmonics ? Effect of Pulse number on harmonics.

UNIT-VI
Filters
Types of AC filters,Design of Single tuned filters ?Design of High pass filters.
Learning Outcomes:
The Student shall be able to
? Learn different types of HVDC levels and basic concepts
? Know the operation of converters
? Acquire control concept of reactive power control and AC/DC load flow.
? Understand converter faults, protection and harmonic effects
? Design low pass and high pass filters
Text Books:
1. HVDC Power Transmission Systems: Technology and system Interactions ? by
K.R.Padiyar,New Age International (P) Limited, and Publishers.
2. HVDC Transmission by S.Kamakshaiah andV.Kamaraju-Tata McGraw?Hill
Reference Books:
1. HVDC Transmission ? J.Arrillaga.
2. Direct Current Transmission ? by E.W.Kimbark, John Wiley & Sons.
3. Power Transmission by Direct Current ? by E.Uhlmann, B.S.Publications.

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ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

Preamble:
This subject deals with the general concept of distribution system, substations and
feeders as well as discusses distribution system analysis, protection and coordination, voltage
control and power factor improvement.
Learning Objectives
? To study different factors of Distribution system.
? To study and design the substations and distribution systems.
? To study the concepts of voltage drop and power loss.
? To study the distribution system protection and its coordination.
? To study the effect of compensation for power factor improvement.
? To study the effect of voltage control on distribution system.

UNIT ? I:
General Concepts

Introduction to distribution systems, Load modeling and characteristics ? Coincidence factor
? Contribution factor loss factor ? Relationship between the load factor and loss factor ?
Classification of loads (Residential, commercial, Agricultural and Industrial).

UNIT ? II:
Substations
Location of substations: Rating of distribution substation ? Service area with`n'primary
feeders ? Benefits and methods of optimal location of substations..
Distribution Feeders
Design Considerations of distribution feeders: Radial and loop types of primary feeders ?
Voltage levels ? Feeder loading ? Basic design practice of the secondary distribution system.
UNIT ? III:
System Analysis
Voltage drop and power?loss calculations: Derivation for voltage drop and power loss in
lines ? Uniformly distributed loads and non-uniformly distributed loads ? Numerical
problems - Three phase balanced primary lines.

UNIT ? IV:
Protection
Objectives of distribution system protection ? Types of common faults and procedure for
fault calculations for distribution system ? Protective devices: Principle of operation of fuses
? Circuit reclosures ? Line sectionalizes and circuit breakers.
Coordination
Coordination of protective devices: General coordination procedure ?Various types of co-
ordinated operation of protective devices - Residual Current Circuit Breaker

UNIT ? V:
Compensation for Power Factor Improvement
Capacitive compensation for powerfactor control ? Different types of power capacitors ?
shunt and series capacitors ? Effect of shunt capacitors (Fixed and switched) ? Power factor
correction ? Capacitor allocation ? Economic justification ? Procedure to determine the best
capacitor location ? Numerical problems.

UNIT ? VI:
Voltage Control
Voltage Control: Equipment for voltage control ? Effect of series capacitors ? Effect of
AVB/AVR ? Line drop compensation ? Numerical problems.

Learning Outcomes:
? Able to understand various factors of distribution system.
? Able to design the substation and feeders.
? Able to determine the voltage drop and power loss
? Able to understand the protection and its coordination.
? Able to understand the effect of compensation forp.f improvement.
? Able to understand the effect of voltage control.

Text Book:
1. "Electric Power Distribution system, Engineering" ? by TuranGonen,
McGraw?hill Book Company.

Reference Books:
1. Electrical Distribution Systems by Dale R.Patrick and Stephen W.Fardo,
CRC press
2. Electric Power Distribution ? by A.S. Pabla, Tata McGraw?hill Publishing
company, 4th edition, 1997.
3. Electrical Power Distribution Systems by V.Kamaraju, Right Publishers.

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HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING
(ELECTIVE ? III)

Preamble:

With the growth of power, HV power transmission has become an important subject.
The performance of generating equipment requires knowledge of different phenomena
occurring at higher voltage. Thus evaluations of various insulating materials are required for
protection of HV equipments. Keeping this in view the course is designed to understand
various phenomena related to breakdown study and withstand characteristics of insulating
materials. The course also describes the generation and measurement of DC, AC and Impulse
voltages as well various testing techniques.
Learning Objectives:
? To understand electric field distribution and computation in different configuration of
electrode systems.
? To understand HV breakdown phenomena in gases, liquids and solids dielectrics.
? To acquaint with the generating principle of operation and design of HVDC, AC and
Impulse voltages and currents.
? To understand various techniques of AC, DC and Impulse measurement of high
voltages and currents.
? To understand the insulating characteristics of dielectric materials.
? To understand the various testing techniques of HV equipments.
UNIT?I:
Introduction to High Voltage Technology
Electric Field Stresses ? Uniform and non?uniform field configuration of electrodes ?
Estimation and control of electric Stress ? Numerical methods for electric field computation.

UNIT?II:
Break down phenomenon in gaseous, liquid and solid insulation
Gases as insulating media ? Collision process ? Ionization process ? Townsend's criteria of
breakdown in gases ? Paschen's law ? Liquid as Insulator ? Pure and commercial liquids ?
Breakdown in pure and commercial liquid ? Intrinsic breakdown ? Electromechanical
breakdown ? Thermal breakdown ?Breakdown of solid dielectrics, composite dielectrics used
in practice.

UNIT?III:
Generation of High voltages and High currents
Generation of high DC voltages ? Generation of high alternating voltages ? Generation of
impulse voltages and currents ? Tripping and control of impulse generators.

UNIT?IV:
Measurement of high voltages and High currents
Measurement of high AC, DC and Impulse voltages ? Voltages and measurement of high
currents ? Direct, alternating and Impulse.

UNIT?V:
Non?destructive testing of material and electrical apparatus
Measurement of DC resistivity ? Measurement of dielectric constant and loss factor ? Partial
discharge measurements.

UNIT?VI:
High voltage testing of electrical apparatus
Testing of insulators and bushings ? Testing of isolators and circuit breakers ? Testing of
cables ? Testing of transformers ? Testing of surge arresters ? Radio interference
measurements.

Learning Outcomes:
? To be acquainted with the performance of high voltages with regard to different
configurations of electrode systems.
? To be able to understand theory of breakdown and withstand phenomena of all types
of dielectric materials.
? To acquaint with the techniques of generation of AC,DC and Impulse voltages.
? To be able to apply knowledge for measurement of high voltage and high current
AC,DC and Impulse.
? To be in a position to measure dielectric property of material used for HV equipment.
? To know the techniques of testing various equipment's used in HV engineering.
Text Books:
1. High Voltage Engineering: Fundamentals by E.Kuffel, W.S.Zaengl, J.Kuffel by
Elsevier, 2nd Edition.
2. High Voltage Engineering and Technology by Ryan, IET Publishers.

Reference Books:
1. High Voltage Engineering by M.S.Naidu and V. Kamaraju ? TMH Publications, 3rd
Edition
2. High Voltage Engineering by C.L.Wadhwa, New Age Internationals (P) Limited,
1997.
3. High Voltage Insulation Engineering by RavindraArora, Wolfgang Mosch, New
Age International (P)Limited,1995.

FLEXIBLE ALTERNATING CURRENT TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

Preamble:
Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System controllers have become a part of
modern power system. It is important for the student to understand the principle of operation
of series and shunt compensators by using power electronics. As the heart of many power
electronic controllers is a voltage source converter (VSC), the student should be acquainted
with the operation and control of VSC. Two modern power electronic controllers are also
introduced.
Learning Objectives:
? To learn the basics of power flow control in transmission lines using FACTS
controllers
? To explain operation and control of voltage source converter.
? To understand compensation methods to improve stability and reduce power
oscillations of a power system.
? To learn the method of shunt compensation using static VAR compensators.
? To learn the methods of compensation using series compensators
? To explain operation of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC).

Unit?I:

Introduction to FACTS
Power flow in an AC System ? Loading capability limits ? Dynamic stability considerations
? Importance of controllable parameters ? Basic types of FACTS controllers ? Benefits from
FACTS controllers ? Requirements and characteristics of high power devices ? Voltage and
current rating ? Losses and speed of switching ? Parameter trade?off devices.

Unit?II:
Voltage source and Current source converters
Concept of voltage source converter(VSC) ? Single phase bridge converter ? Square?wave
voltage harmonics for a single?phase bridge converter ? Three?phase full wave bridge
converter? Three?phase current source converter ? Comparison of current source converter
with voltage source converter.
Unit?III:
Shunt Compensators?1
Objectives of shunt compensation ? Mid?point voltage regulation for line segmentation ?
End of line voltage support to prevent voltage instability ? Improvement of transient stability
? Power oscillation damping.

Unit?IV:
Shunt Compensators?2
Thyristor Switched Capacitor(TSC)?Thyristor Switched Capacitor ? Thyristor Switched
Reactor (TSC?TCR). Static VAR compensator(SVC) and Static Compensator(STATCOM):
The regulation and slope transfer function and dynamic performance ? Transient stability
enhancement and power oscillation damping? Operating point control and summary of
compensation control.

Unit V:
Series Compensators
Static series compensators: Concept of series capacitive compensation ? Improvement of
transient stability ? Power oscillation damping ? Functional requirements. GTO thyristor
controlled Series Capacitor (GSC) ? Thyristor Switched Series Capacitor (TSSC) and
Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC).

Unit?VI:
Combined Controllers
Schematic and basic operating principles of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC).?
Application on transmission lines.
Learning Outcomes:
The student should be able to
? Understandpower flow control in transmission lines using FACTS controllers.
? Explain operation and control of voltage source converter.
? Analyze compensation methods to improve stability and reduce power oscillations in
the transmission lines.
? Explain the method of shunt compensation using static VAR compensators.
? Understand the methods of compensations using series compensators.
? Explain operation of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC).

Text Books:
1. "Understanding FACTS" N.G.Hingorani and L.Guygi, IEEE Press.Indian Edition is
available:??Standard Publications, 2001.
Reference Books:
1. "Flexible ac transmission system (FACTS)" Edited by Yong Hue Song and Allan T
Johns, Institution of Electrical Engineers, London.
2. Thyristor-based FACTS Controllers for Electrical Transmission Systems, by
R.MohanMathur and Rajiv k.Varma, Wiley

POWER SYSTEM REFORMS
(Elective III)

Preamble:

This course introduces the concepts and issues of power system reforms and aims at
computation of Available Transfer Capability (ATC), Congestion Management, Electricity
Pricing, Ancillary services Management and Power system operation in competitive
environment

Learning Objectives:
? To study fundamentals of power system deregulation and restructuring.
? To study available transfer capability.
? To study congestion management
? To study various electricity pricing methods.
? To study operation of power system in deregulated environment.
? To study importance of Ancillary services management.
UNIT?I
Over view of key issues in electric utilities
Introduction ? Restructuring models ? Independent system operator (ISO) ? Power Exchange
? Market operations ? Market Power ? Standard cost ? Transmission Pricing ? Congestion
Pricing ? Management of Inter zonal/Intra zonal Congestion.

UNIT?II
Available Transfer Capability (ATC)
Structure of OASIS ? Processing of Information ? Transfer capability on OASIS ?
Definitions Transfer Capability Issues ? ATC ? TTC ? TRM ? CBM calculations ?
Methodologies to calculate ATC.
UNIT?III
Congestion Management
Introduction to congestion management ? Methods to relieve congestion

UNIT?IV
Electricity Pricing:
Introduction ? Electricity price volatility electricity price indexes ? Challenges to electricity
pricing ? Construction of forward price curves ? Short?time price forecasting.

UNIT?V
Power system operation in competitive environment:
Introduction ? Operational planning activities of ISO ? The ISO in pool markets ? The ISO in
bilateral markets ? Operational planning activities of a GENCO.

UNIT?VI
Ancillary Services Management:
Introduction ? Reactive power as an ancillary service ? A review ? Synchronous generators
as ancillary service providers.

Learning Outcomes:
? Will understand importance of power system deregulation and restructuring.
? Able to compute Available Transfer Capability.
? Will understand transmission congestion management.
? Able to compute electricity pricing in deregulated environment.
? Will be able to understand power system operation in deregulated environment.
? Will understand importance of ancillary services.

Text Books:
1. Kankar Bhattacharya, Math H.J. Boller, JaapE.Daalder, `Operation of Restructured
Power System' Kluver Academic Publisher ? 2001.
2. Mohammad Shahidehpour, and Muwaffaqalomoush, ? "Restructured electrical Power
systems" Marcel Dekker, Inc. 2001
Reference Books:
1. Loi Lei Lai; "Power system Restructuring and Deregulation", Jhon Wiley & Sons
Ltd., England.
2. Electrical Power Distribution Case studies from Distribution reform, upgrades and
Management (DRUM) Program, by USAID/India, TMH

This post was last modified on 16 March 2021