(OR)
(a) Derive an expression for bending moment of a cantilever. [7M]
(b) What is torsional rigidity? Derive an expression for the couple per unit twist of a solid cylinder. [7M]
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UNIT-II
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(a) Discuss the experimental method for determination of wavelength of light using Newton’s rings. [7M]
(b) Explain the different types of fringes observed in interference. [7M]
(OR)
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(a) Explain the Fraunhofer diffraction due to a single slit. [7M]
(b) What are the differences between interference and diffraction? [7M]
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UNIT-III
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(a) Explain the construction and working of He-Ne laser. [7M]
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(b) Write any four applications of lasers. [7M]
(OR)
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(a) Explain the principle and propagation of light in optical fibers. [7M]
(b) Classify optical fibers based on refractive index profile and modes of propagation. [7M]
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UNIT-IV
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(a) Derive Schrodinger’s time independent wave equation. [7M]
(b) Explain the physical significance of wave function. [7M]
(OR)
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(a) Explain the Kronig-Penny model for the formation of energy bands. [7M]
(b) Define effective mass of electron. Explain its physical significance. [7M]
UNIT-V
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(a) Derive the expression for carrier concentration in intrinsic semiconductor. [7M]
(b) Explain the working principle of solar cell with neat diagram. [7M]
(OR)
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(a) What are the characteristics of semiconductors? Explain classification of semiconductors. [7M]
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(b) Explain the construction and working principle of LED. Mention its advantages. [7M]
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