MBBS Second Year Pharmacology Paper-I Important Question Bank
Essay Questions:
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- Classify anti-hypertensive drugs. Discuss in detail about the management of hypertensive emergency and urgency. Which anti-hypertensives are to be avoided in pregnancy and Why?
- a) Define Biotransformation reaction. b) Explain phase I and phase II reaction with suitable examples. c) Importance of Enzyme induction and enzyme inhibition.
- a) Classify Anticonvulsant drugs. b) Mechanism of action and pharmacological action of Benzodiazipines. c) Therapeutic uses and adverse effects of Benzodiazipines.
- i) Define drug and dose. ii) Factors modifying drug action.
- i) Classify antiepileptic drugs with examples for each group. ii) Describe mechanism of action, adverse effects and therapeutic indications of Diphenyl hydantoin. iii) Role of Topiramate in epileptic patients.
- (i) Classify antihypertensive drugs. (ii) Discuss the mechanism of action & therapeutic uses of Angiotensin receptor blockers. (iii) Outline briefly about hypertensive emergencies and urgencies.
- (i) Classify adrenergic drugs. (ii) Discuss the therapeutic uses of adrenergic drugs. (iii) Outline the adverse effects and contraindications of Adrenaline.
- (i) Classify anticholinersterases (ii) Discuss the mechanism of action and indications of reversible anti-cholisterases (iii) Outline the management of acute organophosphorous poisoning.
- (i) Enumerate the various sedative and hypnotic drugs. (ii) Discuss the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of benzodiazepines. (iii) Briefly discuss the management of acute barbiturate poisoning.
- a) Classify antiepileptic drugs. b) Discuss in detail about the mechanism of action, kinetics, adverse effects and uses of phenytoin. c) How will you manage a known epileptic with three months of enorrhoea.
- a) Classify ß blockers. b) Discuss the pharmacological actions, kinetics, adverse effects and Usesof propronalol. c) Mention the role of beta blockers in thyrotoxicosis.
- Discuss the role of sympathomimetics in the management of Bronchial asthma.
- a. Classify the drugs used as peripherally acting skeletal muscle relaxants. b. Discuss in detail the pharmacological actions and toxicity produced by d-Tubocurarine. c. Add a note on the rationale of using Dantrolene sodium in the management of Malignant Hyperthermia.
- a. Classify antiparkinsonian drugs. b. Write about on Dopaminergic agonists.
- a. Classify adrenergic drugs based on therapeutic uses. b. Discuss about the pharmacological action adverse effects and uses of adrenaline.
- Discuss the drug therapy of Anticholinesterase poisoning.
- a) Classify the drugs used for the treatment of Parkinsonism. b) Discuss the Pharmacological actions, Adverse effects & Interactions of Levodopa.
- a) Classify antianginal drugs. b) Discuss the mechanism of action and therapeutic uses of Glyceryl trinitrate.
- a) Classify Diuretics b) Discuss the mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and complications of Frusemide.
- Enumerate antiepileptic drugs. Discuss the pharmacology of drugs acting on GABA receptors.
- Define Biotransformation. Describe briefly the various biotransformation reactions.
- Classify Non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs. Write the mechanism of action, pharmacological actions, therapeutic uses and adverse effects of Salicylates.
- Discuss various factors modifying a drug's actions. Write briefly about Pharmacogenetics.
- Classify Sedative - Hypnotics. Discuss the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of Benzodiazepines. Write briefly on Flumazenil.
- Classify beta blockers. Mention the advantages of selective over non selective beta blockers. Discuss the adverse effects of beta blockers.
- Classify antianginal drugs. Discuss the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of nitrates.
- Classify drugs used in the treatment of parkinsonism. Explain the mechanism of action and adverse effects of levodopa. What is the rationale for use of carbidopa with levodopa? Write briefly on selegiline.
- Classify anti-epileptic drugs. Discuss the mechanism of action, adverse effects and therapeutic uses of phenytoin. Briefly discuss the drug therapy of status epilepticus.
- Classify anti-arrhythmic drugs. Write in detail about mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, clinical uses and adverse effects of amiodarone.
- Classify anti-hypertensive drugs. Discuss the adverse effects and therapeutic uses of beta blockers. Discuss the drug therapy of hypertensive emergency.
- A 45 year old male patient is brought to the emergency with c/o seizure episode associated with loss of consciousness. He is a known epileptic for past 2 years with history of recurrent tonic clonic seizures. a. Enumerate the drugs used in treatment of Epilepsy. b. Discuss in detail the pharmacology of Valproic acid. c. Write briefly on the management of Status Epilepticus
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Short Answer Questions:
- Local routes
- Treatment of Glaucoma
- Balance anaesthesia
- Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors
- Osmotic diuretics
- Caverdilol
- Mechanism of action and uses of antiplatelet drugs
- Atarvostatin
- Iron preparations and uses
- Pre-anesthetic medication
- Pro drug
- Rationale for use of dopamine in cardiogenic shock
- Therapeutic range
- Controlled release drugs
- Postural hypotension
- Zero order kinetics
- Mast cells modulators
- Mucolytic drugs
- Dissociative anesthesia
- COX-Inhibitors
- Mention four drugs bound to plasma albumin
- What is Rupatadine? Mention one indication for it
- Mention two Leukotriene antagonists used in bronchial asthma
- What is fomepizole? Mention one indication for it
- Mention any four preanaesthetic medicants
- Mention four angiotensin receptor blockers
- Drugs used in anaphylactic shock
- Mention two non benzodiazepine hypnotics
- Mention two selective dopamine agonists used in Parkinson's disease
- Give two examples for physiological functional antagonism
- Classification and therapeutic uses of a (Alpha) - blockers
- Pharmacotherapy of migraine
- Thiazide diuretics - Mechanism of action, adverse effects and uses
- Drug therapy of chronic gout
- Heparin - mechanism of action, adverse effects and indications
- Therapeutic uses of prostaglandins
- Treatment of organophosphorus poisoning
- Drugs to be avoided in elderly and their safer alternatives
- Treatment of Myocardial infarction
- Enumerate statins Write about mechanism of action and indications of statins
- Newer drug delivery system
- Therapeutic uses of atropine and its substitutes
- Therapeutic uses of H antihistaminics
- Centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants
- Complications of spinal anaesthesia
- Phenytoin sodium
- Amiodarone
- Flurosemide
- Heparin
- Mast cell stabilizers
- Mention four drugs delivered by transdermal patches
- Define Plasma half life Mention two drugs with long Plasma half life
- Mention four methods of prolongation of drug action
- What is competitive antagonism?
- Define Teratogenicity Mention four Teratogenic drugs
- Mention four drugs used in the treatment of Glaucoma
- Mention four therapeutic uses of Prostaglandins
- Mention four contraindications for Aspirin
- Give four examples for DMARDs
- Mention four examples for HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
- Mechanism of action of Disulfiram
- What is potentiation of drug action? Mention two examples?
- What is Eutetic mixture? Mention its indications
- Mention two uses, two advantages and two disadvantages of thiopentone sodium
- What is first order kinetics?
- What is fixed dose combination? Give two examples
- Mention two selective Cox- inhibitors What are the advantages?
- What are antitussives? Give two examples
- Mention thiazide diuretics Mention two uses of thiazides
- What is the mechanism of action and uses of Montelukast?
- Mydriatics
- Drugs used in prophylaxis of migraine
- Receptor antagonism of drugs
- Sublingual route of administration
- Blood-Brain barrier
- Therapeutic uses of loop diuretics
- Parenteral iron therapy
- Epsilon amino-caproic acid
- Therapeutic uses of prostaglandin analogues
- Uricosuric agents
- Essential drugs
- Microsomal enzyme inducers
- Antagonism
- Pre anesthetic medication
- Therapeutic uses of morphine
- Treatment of Alzheimers disease
- Glyceryl trinitrate
- Inhaled steroids
- Lignocaine
- Osmatic diuretics
- Define pharmacogenomics
- Orphan drugs
- Mechanism of action of digoxin
- Loading dose
- First dose effect
- Name two sialogoges
- Drugs used in acute gout
- Mention four Atypical anti psychotics
- Mention two uses of Dinoprostone
- Name two central sympatholytic agents write two uses
- Citrovorum factor rescue
- Heparin Antagonist
- extravascular uses of Clonidine
- Physiological Antagonism
- Dopaminergic agonist in Parkinsonism
- Uses of Diazepam
- Contraindications for ß blockers
- Mechanism of action and uses of Nitrendipine
- Consequences of Microsomal inhibition
- Bupivacaine
- Drug responses in elderly
- Uroselective a adrenergic blockers
- Selective -HT B/D agonist
- Mechanism of action and uses of Nimesulide
- Propofol as an inducing agents
- Role of Ethyl alcohol in Methyl alcohol poisoning
- Management of Status Epilepticus
- Malignant Neuroleptic Syndrome
- Contraindications for Digitalis use
- Mechanism of action and uses of Spironolactone
- What is cumulation
- Drug therapy for vertigo
- Omalizumab
- Therapeutic Index
- Modafinil
- Amakacin
- Uses Erthropoietin
- Name four Angiotensin Receptor blockers
- Esmolol
- Mention four adverse effects of Phenytoin
- Fixed dose ratio combinations
- Newer drug delivery system
- Pentazocine
- Potassium channel Openers
- Therapeutic use of atropine
- Adverse effect of high ceiling diuretics
- Mention the various Iron Preparation
- Seletive serotonin Reuptake inhibitors
- Venodilators
- Metachlopromide
- Specialized active transport mechanism across biological membrane
- Beneficial effects of ß blockers in Myocardial infarction
- Topiramate
- Effects of Aspirin on acid base & electrolyte balance
- Mucokinetic agents
- Local anaesthetics in the presence of inflammation
- Aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor
- Agents inhibiting Renin-Angiotensin system
- Pharmacovigilance
- Glycoprotein IIb/Illa receptor antagonist
- merits & demerits of rectal administration of drugs
- Sibutramine
- Advantages of topical ß blockers over miotics in Glaucoma
- Uses of Cyproheptadine
- Name Leukotriene receptor antagonists & their indications
- Thiazides as Antidiuretics
- Azelastine
- Adenosine in the management of Paroxysmal Supra Ventricular Tachycardia
- What are LMW Heparins & enumerate their advantages over regular Heparin
- Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRI)
- Mention four antiasthmatic drugs
- Enumerate four routes of drug administration
- Mention four anti psychotic drugs
- Define anaphylaxis with a suitable example
- Mention four contraindication for morphine
- Mention four drugs for Gout
- Give two examples of drugs administered by Transdermal route
- Enumerate the methods for prolongation of drug action
- Explain physiological antagonism with one example
- Treatment of drug allergy
- Drug therapy in myocardial infarction
- Complications of General anaesthesia
- Therapeutic uses of prostaglandins
- Sodium valproate
- Aectazolamide
- Pre anaesthetic medication
- Management of status asthmaticus
- Therapeutic uses of cholinergic drugs
- Osmotic diuretics
- Therapeutic uses of atropine and its substitutes
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
- Opioid receptors
- Ipratropium bromide
- Ocular hypotensives
- Sumatriptan
- Treatment of acute gout
- Class antiarrhythmics
- Losartan
- Bromocriptine
- COX-inhibitors
- Drug potency vs efficacy
- What is iatrogenic disease Give EXAMINATIONples
- Eutectic mixture
- Cholinergic crisis
- Ebastine
- Treatment of acute paracetamol poisoning
- Ondansetron
- What are the antihypertensives to be avoided in pregnancy Give reasons
- Contraindications of heparin
- Uses of acetazolamide
- Cholinesterase reactivators in organophosphorus poisoning
- Heparin versus warfarin
- Role of glucocorticoids in bronchial asthma
- Drug therapy for chronic gout
- Mechanism of action of d-tubocurarine
- Drug therapy of Parkinsonism
- Mechanism of action and uses of antiplatelet drugs
- Pharmacotherapy of migraine
- Mechanism of action of Phenytoin
- Atypical antipsychotics
- Salbutamol
- Dicyclomine
- Spironolactone
- Nimesulide
- Name four antiarrythmics
- Name four peripherally acting skeletal muscle relaxants
- Ketorolac
- Four adverse effects of furosemide
- Mention four uses of aspirin
- Mention four uses of furosemide
- Succinylcholine apnoease
- Types of synergism
- Uses of mast cell stabilizers
- Pharmacovigilance
- Bromhexine
- Nasal decongestants
- Sodium nitroprusside
- Therapeutic uses of alpha blockers
- Mechanism of action of disulfiram
- Mechanism of action and therapeutic uses of digoxin
- Enumerate statins Write about mechanism of action and indications for statins
- Potassium sparing diuretics
- First pass metabolism with suitable example
- Mechanism of action of tramadol
- Methanol poisoning
- Treatment of Glaucoma
- Write four therapeutic uses of prostaglandins
- Give two reasons for using morphine in left ventricular failure
- Define plasma half life Give two examples of drugs with short half life
- Write two indications and two adverse effects of thiazides
- What is phase IV clinical trial?
- Mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of sodium valproate
- Management of organophosphorus poisoning
- Mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of ketorolac
- Enumerate and discuss the role of inhaled steroids in bronchial asthma
- Pharmacogenetics
- Thiazide diuretics
- Adrenaline
- Inhalational corticosteroids
- Mention four antitussive drugs
- Name four anti-platelet drugs
- Mention four drugs used in migraine prophylaxis
- Serotonin syndrome
- Tachyphylaxis
- Name two merits and two demerits of rectal route of administration of drugs
- Rationale for using timolol in the treatment of glaucoma
- What is dissociative anaesthesia?
- Name two selective COX- inhibitors List two advantages in using selective COX- inhibitors
- List the two uses of sodium cromoglycate
- Pre-anaesthetic medication
- Therapeutic uses of adrenergic drugs
- Mechanism of action and therapeutic uses of amlodipine
- Glycoprotein IIb/Illa receptor antagonist
- Mechanism of action and therapeutic uses of spironolactone
- Pharmacovigilance
- Plasma half life
- Alpha blockers
- Mast cell stabilizers
- Spironolactone
- Tramadol
- Inhalational steroids in bronchial asthma
- Orphan drugs
- Name any two drugs used for glaucoma
- Mention the mechanism of action and two uses of allopurinol
- Mention any four uses of loop diuretics
- Write any four antitussives
- Write any one use and one adverse effect of abciximab
- Teratogenicity
- Treatment of organophosphorous compound poisoning
- Drug therapy for moderate migraine
- Potassium channel openers
- Dopaminergic agonist in parkinsonism
- Ketamine
- Phase-III clinical trial
- State any one use and one adverse effect of labetalol
- Write any two uses and two adverse effects of aspirin
- Mention any four mucolytics
- Name any two drugs used for conscious sedation
- Write any one use and one adverse effect of ranolazine
- What is zero order pharmacokinetics?
- Name two second generation anti-histamines and their therapeutic uses
- Name two therapeutic uses of cardiac glycosides
- List two advantages in using nitrous oxide for general anaesthesia
- Rationale of combining L-Dopa and Carbidopa in the treatment of Parkinsonism
- Parenteral route of drug administration
- Pharmacotherapy of status asthmaticus
- Parenteral iron therapy
- Discuss the advantages and therapeutic uses of low molecular weight heparin
- Therapeutic uses and side effects of furosemide
- Mention the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of NSAIDs
- Give examples of physical Antagonism
- Write the mechanism of action and major uses of Frusemide
- Enlist the advantages of Low Molecular Weight Heparin over conventional Heparin
- Enumerate Opioid Antagonists and their clinical uses
- Mention any Potassium channel openers and uses of these drugs
- Neprilysin Inhibitors
- Intracellular receptors
- Pressor agents
- Mechanism of action, adverse effects and uses of Digoxin
- Role of Biologics in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Inhalational Steroids
- Depolarising Neuromuscular blockers
- Mention adverse effects of theophylline
- List four differences between buspirone and benzodiazepines
- Mention four common drug interactions in an alcoholic individual
- Adenosine
- Define bioavailability Why is it less when the drug is given orally?
- Discuss the mechanism of action, uses and techniques of local anaesthetics
- Compare and contrast conventional and atypical antipsychotics
- Discuss the role of vasodilators in acute heart failure
- Discuss the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of spironolactone
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