FirstRanker Logo

FirstRanker.com - FirstRanker's Choice is a hub of Question Papers & Study Materials for B-Tech, B.E, M-Tech, MCA, M.Sc, MBBS, BDS, MBA, B.Sc, Degree, B.Sc Nursing, B-Pharmacy, D-Pharmacy, MD, Medical, Dental, Engineering students. All services of FirstRanker.com are FREE

📱

Get the MBBS Question Bank Android App

Access previous years' papers, solved question papers, notes, and more on the go!

Install From Play Store

Download University of Jaffna MBBS 2020 December Patholgy Paper II Question Paper

Download University of Jaffna (University of Sri Lanka) MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) 2020 December Patholgy Paper II Previous Question Paper

This post was last modified on 19 October 2021


FirstRanker's choice.


FirstRanker.com


--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

FirstRanker.com


UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA, SRI LANKA


SECOND EXAMINATION FOR MEDICAL DEGREES (2 nd).-DEC 2020

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


Pathology Paper II


Date: 16.12.2020


--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Time: 03 hours


ANSWER ALL THE 10 QUESTIONS


Write the answers in the given space below each question.

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---




  1. Anaemia is a common clinical manifestation. Based on underlying pathology, anaemia can be classified in to anaemia due to marrow under production, anaemia due to excessive red cell destruction and anaemia due to acute blood loss.


    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    1. Define anaemia. (10 marks)

    2. State key characteristics in each group of anaemia stated above. (20 Marks)

    3. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    Page 1 of 23


    FirstRanker.com


    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    Firstranker's choice




    1. List different categories of disorders falling in to marrow underproduction group of anaemia. (15 Marks)

      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      FirstRanker.com



    2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    3. Outline pathological basis of anaemia in one


      FirstRanker.com


      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    4. Outline the manifestations you would expect in severe uncompensated anaemia in an infant. (20 Marks)


    5. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      Briefly outline red cell characteristics you can observe in anaemia due to excessive red cell destruction. (15 Marks)


      FirstRanker.com


      FirstRanker.com

      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      Firstranker's choice


      Index number:


      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      FirstRanker.com




    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



  2. UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA, SRI LANKA


    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    SECOND EXAMINATION FOR MEDICAL DEGREES (2 nd)


    DECEMBER 2020 Pathology Paper II


    2 A 68- year - old male was admitted to Teaching Hospital Jaffna with a clinical suspicion of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



    1. Outline the pathogenesis of CML. (20 marks)

    2. State the blood picture findings expected in CML. (15 marks)
    3. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



    4. Patient was treated for one year and CML progressed to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). State how you would confirm the diagnosis of AML. (15marks)


      Page 3 of 23

      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      FirstRanker.com


      Firstranker's choice


      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      FirstRanker.com




    5. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      Outline the pathological basis for the following in AML,



      1. Excessive bleeding tendency in AML. (10 marks)

      2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      3. Fever in AML. (10 marks)

      4. Organomegaly in AML. (15 marks)


      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



    6. Outline the investigations useful to manage AML. (15 marks)


      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      FirstRanker.com




    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



  3. UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA, SRI LANKA


    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    FirstRanker.com


    SECOND EXAMINATION FOR MEDICAL DEGREES (2") December 2020 Pathology Paper II


    3 A 67- year old male smoker presents with progressive dysphagia. He has lost 10 Kg in the last month and the dysphagia is worse for solids compared to liquids.

    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



    1. That is the most likely diagnosis? (10 marks)

    2. List 2 different histological type of above condition. (10 marks)
    3. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    4. List four (04) risk factors for each histological type mentioned in 3.2, (20 marks)

    5. List the different macroscopic appearance of condition mention in 3.1. (10 marks)

    6. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    Page 5 of 23


    FirstRanker.com


    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    Firstranker's choice


    FirstRanker.com



      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    1. Explain the possible local extensions (organs) of condition mentioned in 3.1. (20 marks)

    2. Write one investigation which will confirm your diagnosis. (10 marks)


    3. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      Write the reasons for progressive dysphagia and more dysphagia to solid than liquid. (20 marks)


      FirstRanker.com


      FirstRanker.com

      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      Index number's choice


      FirstRanker.com


      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      FirstRanker.com




    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



  4. UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA, SRI LANKA


    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    SECOND EXAMINATION FOR MEDICAL DEGREES (2nd)-- DECEMBER Pathology Paper II


    4 A 47-year-old man, whose father died of metastatic rectal cancer, was referred to the outpatient surgical clinic by a primary care physician with positive fecal occult blood for further evaluation.



      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    1. How would you further evaluate him? (05 marks)


    Further evaluation revealed a polyp at the upper rectum. Histopathology of the polyp was reported as adenomatous polyp with high grade dysplasia.


    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    1. What do you understand by the term dysplasia? (10 marks)

    2. Under the microscope how would you differentiate dysplasia from carcinoma? (05 marks)

    3. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    Even though follow up plan was informed to the patient, he has defaulted the follow up and after 3 years of initial review he presented with bleeding per rectum. Further evaluation revealed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the rectum with a solitary metastasis in the left lobe of the liver.




    1. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      Mention five risk factors for carcinoma of the rectum other than the family history.



      1. (10 marks)

      2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---




      Page 7 of 23


      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      FirstRanker.com


      Firstranker's choice



        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---





    2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    3. Explain the term poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. (15 marks)

    4. How did an adenomatous polyp turn around an adenocarcinoma in this patient? (15 marks)

    5. Briefly describe the spread steps of a rectal cancer to the liver. (20 marks)
    6. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



    Firstranker's choice


    FirstRanker.com

    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    FirstRanker.com



  5. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


  6. UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA, SRI LANKA


    SECOND EXAMINATION FOR MEDICAL DEGREES (2 nd)—DECEMBER 2020


    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    Pathology Paper II



    1. Briefly describe the staging of rectal cancer. (20 marks)

    2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    FirstRanker.com


    Page 9 of 23


    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    FirstRanker.com


    Firstranker's choice


    FirstRanker.com

    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    FirstRanker.com



  7. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


  8. UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA, SRI LANKA


    SECOND EXAMINATION FOR MEDICAL DEGREES (2nd)—DECEMBER 2020


    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    Pathology Paper II


    5 A 55- year-old man was found to have serum creatinine of 290 μmol/l (RR 60-115 μmol/l) on routine check-up at his General Practitioner's office. He was a known diabetic for the last 10 years and was not controlling his blood glucose level as expected. He was referred to the hospital nephrology clinic and serum creatinine was repeated after few days and was found to be 300 μmol/l. Chronic kidney disease was confirmed with a renal biopsy later.



      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    1. His estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20.1 mL/min/1.73 m2. How will you grade chronic kidney disease using eGFR and in what chronic kidney disease grading is he in? (15 marks)



      1. indicate the expected changes.
      2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---





    2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    3. List five (05) blood investigations you will do in this patient and (20 marks)




      1. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---






      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      Page 11 of 23


      FirstRanker.com


      Firstranker's choice

      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      FirstRanker.com



    4. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    5. List two (02) investigations that can be done in urine in this scenario,




      1. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



      Give the macroscopic and microscopic changes of kidneys in the following conditions.


    6. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    7. Diabetes mellitus. (40 marks)

    8. Calculi in the renal pelvis (20 marks)

    9. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---




  9. UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA, SRI LANKA SECOND EXAMINATION FOR MEDICAL

    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    FirstRanker.com


    DEGREES (2nd) DECEMBER 2020 Pathology Paper II


    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    6 A 45- year-old woman presented to the outpatient clinic with a solitary small lump in the thyroid region of 3 months duration.




    1. List one (01) laboratory (non-biochemical/ non-endocrine) test you will do in this patient. (10 marks)

      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      FirstRanker.com



    2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    3. Total thyroidectomy was done and the histopathology report revealed a papillary carcinoma of thyroid. Describe the microscopic features of papillary carcinoma of thyroid. (40 marks)


      FirstRanker.com


      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



    4. She developed tetany after few days postoperatively. Briefly describe the pathogenesis of tetany in this patient. (20 marks)


      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      Page 13 of 23


      FirstRanker.com


      Firstranker's choice

      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      FirstRanker.com


      FirstRanker.com


      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



    5. List one (01) biochemical test (non-endocrine) you will do in this patient and what change you will expect in that test? (10 marks)


      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      FirstRanker.com



    6. What precautions will you take when doing the test mentioned in 6.4? (20 marks)
    7. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



    FirstRanker.com


    14

    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    FirstRanker.com


    Index number.


    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    Firstranker's choice


    FirstRanker.com


    FirstRanker.com

    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---




  10. UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA, SRI LANKA

    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    SECOND EXAMINATION FOR MEDICAL DEGREES (2 nd)--DECEMBER 2020


    Pathology Paper II


    --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

    7 A 50-year-old healthy man presented with sudden onset of fever with chills and rigor, and productive cough. Physical examination revealed stony dullness in the right lower zone. Auscultation revealed bronchial breathing in the right middle zone and, reduced air entry and inspiratory crackles in the right side of the lung.



    1. Mention the most likely diagnosis? (05 marks)

    2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    3. Outline the pathophysiology of the following clinical features.



      1. Bronchial breathing on auscultation.
      2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      3. Stony dullness on percussion.

      4. Inspiratory crackles on auscultation.

      5. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---




    4. List three (03) complications of the condition you mentioned in 7.1.1. (15 marks)

      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---






      1. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---




    5. List three (03) basic biochemical or radiological investigations you will perform in this patient and indicate the expected findings. (15 marks)

      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---






      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      Page 15 of 23


      FirstRanker.com


      Firstranker's choice

      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      FirstRanker.com



    6. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


    7. A 65-year-old man who admits to a 60-pack year smoking history, complains of fatigue and dyspnea with minimal exertion and a cough that is productive every morning throughout the year for last 2 years.



      1. Mention the most likely diagnosis? (05 marks)
      2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      3. Outline the pathogenesis of the condition you mentioned in 7.2.1. (20 marks)


      4. List four (04) complications of the condition you mentioned in 7.2.1. (20 marks)

        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---






        1. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---





      5. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

        List two (02) risk factors other than smoking for the condition you mentioned in 7.2.1.





        1. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---




    8. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



    9. UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA, SRI LANKA


      SECOND EXAMINATION FOR MEDICAL DEGREES (2nd)—DECEMBER 2020 Pathology Paper II

      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      8 A 45-year --old woman, while recovering in bed several days after having an abdominal surgery, develops an acute onset of chest pain and shortness of breath.


      On further questioning patient also revealed a 2-day history of a swollen and tender right leg. On examination the patient appears anxious and tachypneic, but has good air movement in the lungs bilaterally.


      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      1. Mention the most likely diagnosis? (05 marks)


      2. List two (02) emergencies other than mentioned in 8.1 that may present with acute chest pain. (10 marks)

        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---






        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      3. State the possible underlying mechanism for the condition you mentioned in 8.1? (10 marks)


      4. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

        Mention the pathogenesis and list three risk factor for the development of the condition mentioned in 8.1.? (30marks)


        Page 17 of 23


        FirstRanker.com

        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


        Firstranker's choice


        FirstRanker.com


        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      5. Mention one investigation which may confirm / support your diagnosis and indicate the expected finding. (10 marks)

      6. Briefly mention the reason for swelling of the right leg of this patient. (15 marks)
      7. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



      8. List two (02) conditions which may be associated with bilateral leg swelling and mention the underlying mechanism for the swelling in each condition. (20 marks)


        FirstRanker.com

        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---




    10. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



    11. Firstranker's choice


      Index number:

      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


      FirstRanker.com


      FirstRanker.com


      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA, SRI LANKA


      SECOND EXAMINATION FOR MEDICAL DEGREES (2nd)—DECEMBER 2020 Pathology Paper II


      9 A 40-year-old man is being evaluated as a new patient complains of severe headache and is found to have a blood pressure of 170/95mm Hg

      --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---




      1. List four (04) causes for high blood pressure in this patient. (20 marks)


        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---






        1. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---




      2. Mention the effects of hypertension on blood vessels and heart.

        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



        1. Blood vessels

        2. Heart (30 marks)
        3. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



        Page 19 of 23


        FirstRanker.com

        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


        Firstranker's choice


        FirstRanker.com


        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

        FirstRanker.com




      3. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

        A 63-year-old man experienced loss of function of his left upper and lower extremities, One week back he had experienced several episodes of left-sided weakness lasting a few minutes, but he had recovered function after each of those episodes. Previously, he had been in good health except for occasional angina relieved by rest.



        1. Mention the most likely diagnosis? (10 marks)

        2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

        3. Mention the underlying mechanisms associated with the condition you mentioned in 9.2.1? (10 marks)


        4. List four (04) risk factors other than Hypertension for developing the condition mentioned in 9.2.1?(20 marks)


          --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---






          1. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



        5. Mention one (01) investigation that will help in the diagnosis and the treatment of this condition you mentioned in 9.2.1. (10 marks)

        6. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---




      4. Firstranker's choice

        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


        Index number:


        FirstRanker.com


        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

        FirstRanker.com


        UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA, SRI LANKA


        SECOND EXAMINATION FOR MEDICAL DEGREES (2 nd)—DECEMBER 2020

        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


        Pathology Paper II


        10


        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



      10.1 A 25-year-old man complains of swelling of the right scrotal area, which he has noted for approximately 1 month. There is no history of trauma to the area and he has no medical problems. On examination, there is a 5-cm firm, nontender lump inside the right hemi scrotum.


        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

      1. Mention the most likely diagnosis? (10 marks)


      2. Briefly mention the histological types of the diagnosis you mentioned above. (15 marks)


        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

        Page 21 of 23


        FirstRanker.com


        Firstranker's choice

        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


        FirstRanker.com


        FirstRanker.com


        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



      3. A 21-year-old nulliparous woman has a 9-cm right adnexal mass that on ultrasound appears cystic and solid.


        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


        1. Mention the most likely diagnosis? (10 marks)

        2. Mention the morphological appearance of the condition you mentioned above. (15 marks)

        3. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---




      4. A 7-year-old child presented with oliguria, haematuria, oedema, and impaired renal function. His past history revealed a sore throat 10 days back.

        --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



        1. Mention the most likely diagnosis? (10 marks)


        2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

          Mention three (03) investigations you will perform in this patient and indicate the expected findings. (15 marks)


          FirstRanker.com


        3. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---





      5. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

        A 65-year-old woman complains of soreness and oozing from the nipple of her left breast. There is no history of trauma. On examination, there is fissuring and ulceration of the areola and nipple, and a palpable lump below the areola region.



        1. Mention the most likely diagnosis? (10 marks)

        2. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

        3. List three (03) risk factors for the condition you mentioned above. (15 marks)



      6. --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---