10 YEARS' QUESTION PAPERS FOR 1ST PROF. MBBS EXAM: ANATOMY
SUPERIOR EXTREMITY
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GROUP-A(12 MARKS)
- Describe the intrinsic muscles of the hand. What is total claw hand? [10+2][2014]
- Name the nerve involved in the fracture of medial epicondyle of humerus. Describe the course and distribution of the nerve beyond the elbow. Mention sensory and motor disabilities following the nerve injury. [1+6+5][2013]
- Describe the anatomical features of the female breast in the adults. In case of breast carcinoma, how can you account for: A) Retraction and punching of skin? B)Peau 'd Orange or edema with pitting of the skin over the breast? C) Retraction of nipple? [6+2+2+2]2007]
- A case of breast tumor in an aged patient presents enlarged nodular swellings in the axilla. How and in what groups are they arranged in the axilla. Name their different efferent and afferent pathways. Which walls of axilla should one avoid draining the pus and why? [6+4+2][2006]
- Enumerate the ligaments of shoulder joint. How the stability of the joint is maintained? Mention the nerve supply of the joint. Discuss the mechanism of elevation of arm above the head. Which type of dislocation is common and why? [2+2+2+4+2][2016]
- Describe the brachial plexus under the following headings: roots, trunks, divisions, and cords. What do you mean by Erb's point? Add a note on Klumpke's paralysis.[6+3+3][2015]
- What are the palmar spaces? Describe the thenar muscles with their nerve supply and actions.[3+9][2017]
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GROUP-B (7 MARKS)
- A man presents with neuromuscular disability following the fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus. Give a brief account of the nerve affected for its close relation to that part of the bone. From your anatomical knowledge, mention the motor and sensory defects that may arise.[5+2][2010][2013]
- A factory worker presents with acute pain and swelling of the central part of his right hand following infection of the webbed space b/w middle and ring fingers. Use your anatomical knowledge to explain this complication. Write a brief note on the palmar space affected. [2+5][2009]
- Following a street accident a young man develops fracture of the mid shaft of the humerus. Discuss the distribution of this nerve related to that part of the bone while it passes through the arm. Add a note to its lesion as it passes through the spiral groove of the bone.[4+3][2008]
- Describe the shoulder joint. Justify the statement, "Shoulder joint enjoys mobility at the expense of stability".[7][2007]
- In which direction head of humerus commonly dislocates & can stretch and injure an important nerve of upper limb?[4+2+1][2007]
- Injury of anatomical snuff box of wrist may injure the artery which forms the deep palmar arch in hand. Describe its course; name its branches.[4+3][2006]
- Define the long bone. Describe the different parts of young long bone. Describe the blood supply of long bone. [1+3+3] [2016]
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GROUP-C (3 MARKS)
- Anatomical snuff box of hand.[2014]
- Cephalic vein.[2013]
- Quadrangular and triangular space. [2012]
- Clavipectoral fascia.[2010]
- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.[2009][2008]
- Rotator Cuff.[2005]
- Erb-Duchenne paralysis. [2004]
- Laws of ossification.[2015]
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GROUP-D (3 MARKS) EXPLAIN WHY
- Painful arch syndrome.[2014]
- Clavicle is a modified long bone. [2013, '09, '06]
- Injury to the radial nerve in the cubital fossa will not cause wrist drop. [2012]
- Injury to the long thoracic nerve causes winging of the scapula.[2012]
- Upper end of the humerus is an example of a compound epiphysis.[2010]
- A palpable nodule in the axilla of an elderly lady should be properly cared.[2009]
- Metastasis of carcinoma from the inferomedial quadrant of breast may spread to the pelvic cavity.[2006]
- In shoulder joint dislocation, the humerus generally dislocates inferiorly.[2005]
- Fracture of the scaphoid of the wrist is often associated with avascular necrosis of the proximal segment.[2004]
- Fracture of shaft of humerus causes wrist drop. [2017]
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INFERIOR EXTREMITY
GROUP-A (12 MARKS)
- Name the bones forming the knee joint. Describe the locking and unlocking movements of knee joint. [2+10][2014]
- What are the muscles there after cutting the gluteus maximus? Name the nerves supplying these muscles. What are the actions of these muscles on hip joint? [3+4+5][2012]
- Following an automobile injury a person lost the adductor movement of his leg. Describe the injured nerve under following headings: origin, branches and distribution.[3+4+5][2011]
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GROUP-B(7 MARKS)
- Describe the factors maintaining the longitudinal arches of the foot. What are the disadvantages of flat foot ? [5+2][2013]
- A bus conductor is having prominent veins in the leg during standing position. What are the superficial veins present in the leg? What are the origin, termination, tributaries of the short saphenous vein? What is varicosity of leg veins? [2+4+1][2011]
- A factory worker presents with swollen painful inguinal lymph nodes following an uncared wound at the medial side of ankle. Explain the complication from your anatomical knowledge. Write a brief note on inguinal lymph nodes.[2+5][2010]
- A child suffers from bilateral congenital dislocation of hip joint. Mention the anatomical type of dislocation of the hip joint. What are the factors maintaining the stability of hip joint?[2+5][2009]
- An athlete while running experienced severe cramp in the right thigh and was diagnosed as a case of pulled hamstrings. State the characteristics of hamstrings. Mention the origin, insertion, nerve supply and actions of these group of muscles. [3+4][2008]
- In case of fracture dislocation around the knee joint, which artery is likely to be avulsed? Name and describe the artery along with the arteries that supply the knee joint. [4+3][2007]
- Which joints are involved in the movements of inversion and eversion? Name the invertors and evertors of foot. What is the axis of these movements? Name the nerve supplying these muscles. Which segment of spinal cord controls the movements of the foot? [1+2+1+2+1][2006]
- A mid-aged woman develops varicose leg veins. How superficial veins are connected to deep veins? Briefly describe the anatomical factors preventing the varicosity of leg veins.[3+4][2005]
- A footballer sustained sprain followed by difficulty in normal movements of his left knee after he attempted to kick the ball through his right foot. He was diagnosed to have injury on the semilunar cartilages of his left knee. Explain the anatomical basis of his injury. Give a brief note on the semilunar cartilage of the knee joint. Which semilunar cartilage is susceptible to injury and why? [2+3+2][2004]
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GROUP-C (3 MARKS) SHORT NOTES
- Femoral sheath.[2013]
- Deltoid ligament.[2011, *08]
- Popliteus muscle. [2010, '04]
- Ischial spine.[2009]
- Acetabular labrum.[2007]
- Illio-femoral ligament. [2006]
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GROUP-D (3 MARKS) EXPLAIN WHY
- Foot drop after the fracture of the neck of the fibula. [2011, '06]
- Peroneus longus muscle has effects on both longitudinal and transverse arches of foot.[2010, '08]
- Injury to the superior gluteal nerve shows the positive Trendelenberg's sign.[2009]
- Medial meniscus is susceptible to injury more frequently than the lateral meniscus.[2005]
- Femoral hernia is more common in females than in males. [2004]
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THORAX
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GROUP-A(12 MARKS)
- Describe the transverse pericardial sinus with its development. What is its clinical importance? [8+2+2][2014]
- Give an account of pleura. Mention its nerve supply. What is the site of choice for insertion of needle to drain pleural fluid and why?[6+3+3][2013]
- Name the arteries arising from the ascending aorta. Give the course & branches of the supply of these arteries.[2+5+5][2007]
- What are the cardiac anomalies associated with Fallot's Tetralogy? Give a brief account of the interventricular septum. Name & number the different broncho-pulmonary segments. Mention its applied importance.[2+6+4][2005]
- An elderly man complains of frequent chest pain on exertion & is advised to have coronary artery angiography. Give the usual pattern of coronary supply of heart. How interventricular septum is developed and what are the possible errors there of? [6+4+2][2004]
- Pleura: types, nerve supply, reflections/recesses, applied importance.[2017]
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GROUP-B (7 MARKS)
- Give the development of atrio-ventricular septum. A pin pricked to the tight sight of the septum will reach to which pat of the heart? [5+2][2014]
- Coronary artery supply of heart. What is coronary dominance? [6+1][2012]
- A young patient with repeated vomiting and reflux on examination was diagnosed with diaphragmatic hernia. Explain the condition from your anatomical knowledge. Give the origin, insertion and nerve supply of diaphragm. [2+5][[2011]
- A child with history of cough, fever & breathlessness and exertion along with cyanosis since birth, was diagnosed as a cause of Fallot's Tetralogy. Explain the disorder embryologically. Write a short note on development and blood supply of IV septum. [4+3][2008]
- A patient with history of cough, fever and breathlessness was diagnosed to be a case of pleural effusion. Give a brief account of pleura with its recesses and nerve supply.[2010]
- A mid-aged lady suffered from dysphagia due to oesophagus following an attempt to commit a suicide by consuming corrosive chemicals. Using your knowledge of anatomy for normal constriction of oesophagus, mention the possible site of stricture. Describe the important relations and clinical anatomy of oesophagus.[2+5][2005]
- Patient complaining of pain during respiration and breathlessness due to accumulation of fluid in the plural sac. Name the different parts of pleura along with its nerve supply. [4+3][2004]
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GROUP-C (3 MARKS) SHORT NOTES
- Central tendon of diaphragm.[2015]
- Bronchopulmonary segments of left lung.[2016][2004]
- Ligamentum arteriosum. [2014]
- Nerve supply of apical pleura.[2014]
- Inlet of thorax.[2013]
- 1" intercostal nerve.[2012]
- Oblique sinus.[2007]
- Left coronary artery.[2010]
- Respiratory epithelium. [2009]
- Constrictions of oesophagus.[2008][2007]
- Costo-diaphragmatic recess of pleura. [2006]
- Histology of oesophagus. [2006]
- Fallot's Tetralogy.[2004]
- Typical intercostal nerves. [2005]
- Broncho-pulmonary segments.[2016][2004]
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GROUP-D (3 MARKS) EXPLAIN WHY
- Central tendon of thoraco-abdominal diaphragm is bending with the basal part of fibrous pericardium.[2014]
- Tracheo-oesophageal fistula.[2012]
- Type of respiration in infant is abdominal, whereas thoracic in adult females and and thoraco-abdominal in adult males. [2012, '09]
- Segment 2 and 6 of lungs are sites of lung abscess.[2011]
- Entry of foreign body is common to the right bronchus. [2011]
- Transposition of great vessels. [2011]
- Intercostal nerves other than 3rd to 6th are atypical.[2010]
- Right recurrent laryngeal nerve hooks around the right subclavian artery where as the left one rounds the ligamentum arteriosum.[2008]
- Hyaline cartilage is present in the wall of trachea and bronchus. [2006]
- Cervical rib.[2005]
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GENERAL ANATOMY, EMBRYOLOGY AND GENETICS
GROUP-B(7 MARKS)
- Describe the development of placenta in short. What is placenta previa? [2+5][2014]
- What is metaphysis of a growing bone. Give its importance.[2+5][2014]
- Mention the main structural characteristics of a synovial joint. Classify synovial joint with example of each type. [3+4][2012]
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GROUP-C (3 MARKS) SHORT NOTES
- Difference b/w transitional and stratified squamous epithelium. [2014]
- Capacitation.[2014]
- Placental barrier.[2013]
- Non-disjunction.[2013]
- Epiphyseal cartilage.[2012]
- Down's syndrome.[2011, '04]
- Klinefelter's syndrome. [2011]
- Plasma cell.[2010, '05]
- Light microscope structure of lymph node.[2009]
- Allelic gene.[2007]
- Notochord.[2007][2016]
- Barr body. [2006]
- Sarcomere.[2016]
- Karyotyping.[2016]
- Blastocyst. [2015]
- Turner's syndrome.[2015]
- Laws of ossification.[2015]
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GROUP-D(3 MARKS) EXPLAIN WHY
- Osteoclast.[2014]
- Double Barr body in Klinefelter's syndrome.[2012, '11]
- Monozygotic twins are identical while dizygotic twins are non-identical.[2012]
- An elderly female(38 yrs) gave birth to a baby who is examined to have a rounded face, epicanthic folds and characteristic single palmar crease (Simian Crease) on the palm. Explain the genetic cause of the event. [2011]
- Presence of Barr body in buccal smear of male patient.[2005]
- Annular pancreas.[2016]
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NEURO-ANATOMY
GROUP-A(12 MARKS)
- Give the arterial supply of the superolateral surface of the brain. What is macular sparing? [10+2][2014]
- What is Argyll-Robertson's pupil? Mention the sites of lesion for this type of abnormality. With a suitable diagram, describe the features of the transverse section of the mid brain at the level of superior colliculus. Describe the pathway for light reflex.[2+1+6+3][2006]
- What is arterial circle of Willis? Describe the arterial supply of superolateral surface of cerebral hemisphere.[5+7[2016]]
- Enumerate the white fibres in the brain. Describe the internal capsule under the following heads: Parts with relations, fibres passing through different parts and blood supply. What is stroke?[2+3+4+2+1][2017]
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GROUP-B (7 MARKS)
- CT scan of the brain of a patient suffering from cerebro-vascular accident shows a lesion in the internal capsule of the brain. State why this part is called "Internal Capsule". Mention the different fibres passing through the internal capsule. Add a note on its blood supply. [1+3+3][2010]
- A 60 years old person suffers from cerebellar ataxia following vascular damage. Mention the arterial supply and phylogenetic subdivision of cerebellum. What do you mean by cerebellar ataxia? [2+3+2][2009]
- A patient with Argyll-Robertson's Pupil presents with persistence of accommodation reflex but loss of light reflex. Briefly discuss the accommodation reflex pathway. State how can you justify the specific neurological deficit in this case.[5+2][2008]
- Enumerate the ventricles of the brain. Describe the circulation of the CSF. Add a note on the blood-brain-barrier.[1+4+2][2005]
- An old man of 65 years gets an attack of UMN paralysis. What is the internal capsule of the brain? Mention the composition and blood supply of its parts. [5+2][2005]
- Describe the walls and communications of 3rd ventricle. What is non- communicating type of hydrocephalous? [4+1+2][2016]
- Describe the floor of the 4th ventricle with proper diagram.[7][2017]
- What are the different parts of cerebellum? Mention their blood supply. What is cerebellar ataxia?[4+2+1][2015]
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GROUP-C (3 MARKS) SHORT NOTES
- Thalamic nuclei.[2011]
- Boundaries and communications of 3rd ventricle of the brain. [2010]
- Motor neurons of spinal cord.[2009]
- Blood-brain-barrier.[2008]
- Tectum of midbrain.[2005]
- Blood supply of spinal cord.[2017]
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GROUP-D(3 MARKS) EXPLAIN WHY
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- Lesion in pretectal nucleus of midbrain causes Argyll-Robertson's pupil.[2009]
- Visual defect due to occlusion of posterior cerebral artery does not affect macular vision.[2008]
- Optic nerve is not a peripheral nerve.[2007]
- Patient with pituitary tumor suffers from bitemporal hemianopia.[2016]
- Increased intra-cranial pressure may cause medial squint.[2015]
- In anterior spinal artery syndrome there is bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation but conscious propioceptive sensations are lost. [2015]
- Increased pressure of CSF in subarachnoid space is easily diagnosed by opthalmoscopic examination of the eyes. [2017]
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ABDOMEN
GROUP-A (12 MARKS)
- Give a brief note on ureter. Mention its microscopic structure & development. In which clinical condition pain may extend from loin to groin involving ureter? [5+2+2+4][2013]
- A young married lady with the history of missed period, suddenly collapsed with sharp lower abdominal pain & was diagnosed ruptured tubal pregnancy. What is the commonest site of tubal pregnancy and its fate? Mention the parts of this tube, blood supply, histological structure and development.[2+3+2+3+2][2012]
- A 50 years old man was brought to OPD with a complaint of swelling at the midline of anterior abdominal wall over an operative scar. Swelling was diagnosed as incisional hernia through the rectus sheath. A) Give its formation at different levels. B)What are the contents of the rectus sheath? C)Define the sheath. D) Why is median incision not preferred over the anterior abdominal wall?[2+5+3+2][2011]
- An old man suffering from carcinoma of prostate with metastasis in vertebra. From your anatomical knowledge explain this complication. Discuss briefly the capsules, lobes, and relations of the prostate gland. Add a note on the interior of the organ.[2+6+4][2010]
- Prevaginal examination of an elderly lady suffering from pelvic inflammatory disease reveals collection of fluid in the pouch of Douglas. Write a note on this pouch and peritoneal as well as visceral relation of the uterus. Give a brief account of the supports to this organ. [3+4+5][2010]
- A child presents leakage of urine through umbilicus from urinary bladder. Using your anatomical knowledge explain the congenital anomaly with a note on development of urinary bladder. Give a brief account of the features with relations, ligaments, and nerve supply of the organ. [3+9][2009]
- A young lady was brought to the emergency with acute lower abdominal pain & features of shock diagnosed as a case of ruptured ectopic gestation. Mention the usual site of ectopic gestation. Discuss the gross anatomy, development and microscopic anatomy of the organ involved.[2+10][2009]
- What are the parts of fallopian tube and where does fertilization usually occur? Give blood supply, histological structure and development of the same. [2+3+4+3][2004]
- During routine investigation, USG of whole abdomen of an adult revealed horseshoe shaped kidney. Explain the case with your embryological point of view. Discuss briefly the development of kidney. Add a note on its clinical anatomy with congenital anomalies.[2+5+5][2008]
- An anxious lady complains that the right scrotal sac of her new born male baby is empty. The case is diagnosed as one of the cases of congenital anomalies of descending testes. Discuss various anomalies of descent of testes. Explain how female gonad is different from male.[5+5+2][2008]
- A hollow muscular pelvic organ when full and distended strip off peritoneum behind the supra pubic part of the anterior abdominal wall. Give an account of anatomical parts, surfaces and ligaments of the organ. Describe the interior features of the base of the organ. How the organ does develop?[6+3+3][2006]
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- A fatty lady of 45 years with prolonged history of hyperacidity and dysphagia was brought to hospital with acute pain in epigastrium and in right shoulder. She was finally diagnosed as a case of Cholelithiasis (gall stone). Using your anatomical knowledge can you explain the pain in both epigastrium and right shoulder and the peripheral pain pathway? Give a brief anatomy and clinical importance of gall bladder. [4+4+4][2005]
- Describe the formation of rectus sheath. Name the contents of the sheath. What is the function of tendinous insertions and at which level they are present? [6+3+1+2][2016]
- Describe the shutter mechanism of inguinal canal and anatomical difference b/w oblique and direct hernia.[6+6][[2015]
- Describe the internal features of anal canal with epithelial lining of each division. Why the pectinate line is called watershed line of anal canal? What is the importance of Hilton's line? Mention the development of anal canal. Define internal haemarrhoids and mention their common sites. [4+2+2+2+2][2017]
GROUP-B (7 MARKS) SHORT NOTES
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- Describe the common bile duct in short. What is the importance of Calot's triangle?[5+2][2014][2016]
- What are the anatomical factors that prevent the gastro-esophageal regurgitation. Give an account of histological structures of oesophagous.[4+3][2013]
- Give an account of uterine cervix. Mention its lymphatic drainage.[4+3][2013]
- Describe the histology of classical hepatic lobule. What is liver acinus?[5+2][2012]
- Why is ischio-rectal abscess very painful when abscess is superficial. Write boundaries and contents of the fossa. [1+4+2][2012]
- Name the false ligaments of the liver. State within which mesogastrium development of liver takes place and what are the remnants of it. Write from which part of gut, liver bud develops? [4+1+1+1][2011]
- Name the parts of the large intestine with their corresponding length in adults. Describe the structures of large gut with diagrams. [2.5+4.5][2011]
- A teenaged girl suffering from acute appendicitis got an initial attack of pain around umbilicus, which was finally localized in right iliac fossa. State anatomical reasons of pain in the both areas. Give an account of positions of vermiform appendix.[3+4][2010]
- After spleenectomy operation following an intra-abdominal injury, a patient develops diabetes mellitus. Explain the reason from your anatomical knowledge. Discuss briefly the ligaments of spleen cut during operation.[2+5][2009]
- Bouts of hematemesis following cirrhosis of liver of a patient were diagnosed to be due to obstruction of portal venous system. Explain it. Give a brief account of portal vein with a note on porta-caval anastomosis.[2+5][2008]
- What is spermatic cord? Name its contents. Describe the duct which conveys male germ cells for ejaculation.[1+2+4][2007]
- In case of intestinal obstruction, caecum is found to be distended. In which part of the gut does the obstruction lie? Give an account of the caecal blood supply. Describe the illio-ceacal valve.[1+3+3][2006]
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- A middle aged woman complains of frequent heart burn about an hour after meals. Provisional diagnosis was made to be as a case of reflux oesophagitis. What are the factors that prevents gastro-esophageal regurgitation? Give relations and arterial supply of abdominal part of esophagus. [3+2+2][2004]
- A patient was diagnosed to have polycystic kidney. Give the embryological basis of this condition. Illustrate your answer with diagrams.[5+2][2004]
- Describe the inferior of anal canal along with its histological structure. [4+3][2015]
- Describe the cervix uteri. What is its clinical importance? [5+2][2016]
- Describe the lymphatic drainage of stomach. Why does Virchow's lymph nodes get enlarged in carcinoma of stomach?[5+2][2017]
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GROUP-C (3 MARKS) SHORT NOTES
- Ovarian fossa on lateral pelvic wall. [2013, '07]
- Epiploic foramen. [2012, '11]
- Umbilical cord.[2012]
- Left renal vein.[2011]
- Inter-vertebral disc. [2010, '08]
- Physiological umbilical hernia.[2010]
- Porto caval anastomosis. [2009]
- Placenta previa.[2008]
- Relations of head of pancreas.[2008]
- Pelvic mesocolon.[2007]
- Hasselbach's triangle.[2009]
- The bare area of liver. [2007]
- Mackenrodt's ligament.[2012]
- The mesentery [2006]
- Renal fascia. [2006]
- Intervillous space of placenta[2006]
- Histology of adrenal cortex[2006]
- Neural crest. [
This download link is referred from the post: MBBS WBUHS Last 17 Years (2008-2025) First Year Question Papers (The West Bengal University of Health Sciences)
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