2019 Admission
Q.P. Code: 314001
Reg. no.: .....................
III Professional MBBS Part I Degree Supplementary Examinations February 2025
Ophthalmology
Total Marks: 100
Answer all questions to the point neatly and legibly ? Do not leave any blank pages between answers
Indicate the question number correctly for the answer in the margin space
Answer all parts of a single question together ? Leave sufficient space between answers
1. Multiple Choice Questions
(20x1=20)
The MCQ questions (Q.No. i to Q.No. xx) shall be written in the space provided for answering MCQ
questions at page No. 51 of the answer book (the inner portion of the back cover page (PART III)).
Question Numbers i - v are case scenario-based questions.
A 45 year old farmer present with complaints of left eye pain, blurring of vision with photophobia for past 2
weeks. Patient gives history of fall of vegetative matter in left eye. He is a known case of diabetes mellitus on
treatment for past 6 years.
a) Bacterial corneal ulcer
c) Viral keratitis
b) Fungal corneal ulcer
d) Foreign body reaction
a) Corneal scraping with culture
c) Blood culture
b) Fluorescein staining
d) PCR for viral DNA
a) Glaucoma
c) Retinal detachment
b) Cataract formation
d) Corneal perforation
a) Topical anti fungal therapy
c) Oral antibiotics
b) Topical corticosteroids
d) Oral antivirals
a) Grayish white colour with feathery margin with satellite lesion
b) Dendritic ulcer with terminal bulb
c) Well defined round ulcer with smooth edge
d) Fleisher ring with Vogt's striae
answers as per the options provided:
vi. Assertion (A): Nuclear sclerosis cataracts often lead to a "second sight" phenomenon in elderly patients.
Reason (R): The refractive index of the lens increases due to nuclear sclerosis, leading to improved near
vision.
c) A is false, but R is true
b) Both A and R are true, R is not the correct explanation of A
d) A is true, but R is false
vii. Assertion (A): Diabetic patients are at a higher risk of developing cataracts.
a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A
c) A is false, but R is true
b) Both A and R are true, R is not the correct explanation of A
d) A is true, but R is false
Reason (R): The optic nerve damage caused by glaucoma is permanent and progressive
a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A
c) A is false, but R is true
b) Both A and R are true, R is not the correct explanation of A
ix. Assertion (A): Central serous retinopathy primarily affects newborn
Reason (R): High levels of cortisol and stress are associated with CSR development.
a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A
c) A is false, but R is true
d) A is true, but R is false
x. Assertion (A): The cornea is avascular.
Reason (R): The cornea derives its nutrition from the tear film and aqueous humor.
a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, R is not the correct explanation of A
d) A is true, but R is false
(PTO)
Question numbers xi-xv are multiple-response type questions. Read the statements & mark the
correct answers appropriately.
xi. Clinical features of keratoconus
1) Munson sign
3) KF ring
4) Rizutti sign
a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct b) 1 and 3 are correct
c) 1 only is correct
xii. Which of the following are symptoms of retinal detachment
1) Flashing lights
2) Floaters
3) Sudden loss of vision 4) Tunnel vision
c) 1 only is correct
d) 1, 2 and 4 are correct
xiii. Signs of thyroid eye disease
1) Von Graefe's sign
4) Munson sign
a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct b) 1 and 3 are correct
c) 1 only is correct
d) 1, 3 and 4 are correct
1) Medial rectus 2) Inferior rectus
3) Superior oblique
4) Inferior oblique
a) 2 and 3 are correct b) 1, 2 and 4 are correct
d) 4 only is correct
xv. Syndromes associated with retinitis pigmentosa
1) Usher's syndrome
2) Kearns ? Sayre syndrome
4) Alport syndrome
a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct b) 1 and 3 are correct
c) 1 only is correct
d) 1, 2 and 4 are correct
xvi. D shaped pupil is seen in
a) Glaucoma
c) Retinal detachment
b) Traumatic iridodialysis
xvii. Snowflake cataract is seen in
a) Diabetes
b) Trauma
c) Galectosemia
xviii. Tear drop sign is seen in fracture of
a) Floor of orbit
b) Roof of orbit
c) Medial wall of orbit
xix. Tomato splash appearance is seen in
a) CRVO
b) CRAO
c) ARMD
xx. Causative organism of angular conjunctivitis
a) Streptococcus epidermidis
c) Pneumococcus
b) Moraxella
Long Essays:
(2x10=20)
2. A 2-year-old child is brought to the ophthalmology clinic by her parents after noticing a whitish reflex in the
left eye while taking photographs. The parents report no history of trauma or infection but mention
strabismus.
a) What is the most probable diagnosis
b) Mention two differential diagnoses for leucocoria in a child
c) Describe pathogenesis and investigations you would perform to confirm the diagnosis
(1+2+3+4)
3. Describe the etiopathogenesis, clinical features, complications and management of trachoma (2+3+2+3)
Short Essays: (6x6=36)
4. Optic neuritis
6. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis
7. Strabismus
8. Primary angle closure glaucoma
9. Myopia
10. Pterygium
11. Central retinal vein occlusion
12. Ectropion
13. Describe the nerve supply and actions of intraocular muscles
15. Lacrimal apparatus
**********************
Q.P. Code: 314001
Reg. no.: .....................
III Professional MBBS Part I Degree Supplementary Examinations February 2025
Ophthalmology
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Time: 3 HoursTotal Marks: 100
Answer all questions to the point neatly and legibly ? Do not leave any blank pages between answers
Indicate the question number correctly for the answer in the margin space
Answer all parts of a single question together ? Leave sufficient space between answers
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Draw table/diagrams/flow charts wherever necessary1. Multiple Choice Questions
(20x1=20)
The MCQ questions (Q.No. i to Q.No. xx) shall be written in the space provided for answering MCQ
questions at page No. 51 of the answer book (the inner portion of the back cover page (PART III)).
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Responses for MCQs marked in any other part/page of the answer book will not be valuedQuestion Numbers i - v are case scenario-based questions.
A 45 year old farmer present with complaints of left eye pain, blurring of vision with photophobia for past 2
weeks. Patient gives history of fall of vegetative matter in left eye. He is a known case of diabetes mellitus on
treatment for past 6 years.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
i. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the patient's eye symptomsa) Bacterial corneal ulcer
c) Viral keratitis
b) Fungal corneal ulcer
d) Foreign body reaction
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
ii. Which of the following diagnostic test is most useful to confirm this conditiona) Corneal scraping with culture
c) Blood culture
b) Fluorescein staining
d) PCR for viral DNA
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iii. Which of the following is a common complication of this condition if untreateda) Glaucoma
c) Retinal detachment
b) Cataract formation
d) Corneal perforation
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iv. Which of the following treatment is most appropriatea) Topical anti fungal therapy
c) Oral antibiotics
b) Topical corticosteroids
d) Oral antivirals
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v. What is the characteristic slit lamp findinga) Grayish white colour with feathery margin with satellite lesion
b) Dendritic ulcer with terminal bulb
c) Well defined round ulcer with smooth edge
d) Fleisher ring with Vogt's striae
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For questions vi - x, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark youranswers as per the options provided:
vi. Assertion (A): Nuclear sclerosis cataracts often lead to a "second sight" phenomenon in elderly patients.
Reason (R): The refractive index of the lens increases due to nuclear sclerosis, leading to improved near
vision.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of Ac) A is false, but R is true
b) Both A and R are true, R is not the correct explanation of A
d) A is true, but R is false
vii. Assertion (A): Diabetic patients are at a higher risk of developing cataracts.
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Reason (R): Hyperglycemia leads to the accumulation of sorbitol in the lens, causing osmotic damage.a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A
c) A is false, but R is true
b) Both A and R are true, R is not the correct explanation of A
d) A is true, but R is false
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viii. Assertion (A): Glaucoma can cause blindness which is reversibleReason (R): The optic nerve damage caused by glaucoma is permanent and progressive
a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A
c) A is false, but R is true
b) Both A and R are true, R is not the correct explanation of A
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d) A is true, but R is falseix. Assertion (A): Central serous retinopathy primarily affects newborn
Reason (R): High levels of cortisol and stress are associated with CSR development.
a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A
c) A is false, but R is true
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b) Both A and R are true, R is not the correct explanation of Ad) A is true, but R is false
x. Assertion (A): The cornea is avascular.
Reason (R): The cornea derives its nutrition from the tear film and aqueous humor.
a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c) A is false, but R is trueb) Both A and R are true, R is not the correct explanation of A
d) A is true, but R is false
(PTO)
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Question numbers xi-xv are multiple-response type questions. Read the statements & mark the
correct answers appropriately.
xi. Clinical features of keratoconus
1) Munson sign
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
2) Vogt's striae3) KF ring
4) Rizutti sign
a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct b) 1 and 3 are correct
c) 1 only is correct
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d) 1, 2 and 4 are correctxii. Which of the following are symptoms of retinal detachment
1) Flashing lights
2) Floaters
3) Sudden loss of vision 4) Tunnel vision
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a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct b) 1 and 3 are correctc) 1 only is correct
d) 1, 2 and 4 are correct
xiii. Signs of thyroid eye disease
1) Von Graefe's sign
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2) Stellwag's sign 3) Dalrymple's sign4) Munson sign
a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct b) 1 and 3 are correct
c) 1 only is correct
d) 1, 3 and 4 are correct
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xiv. Fourth cranial nerve supplies1) Medial rectus 2) Inferior rectus
3) Superior oblique
4) Inferior oblique
a) 2 and 3 are correct b) 1, 2 and 4 are correct
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c) 3 only is correctd) 4 only is correct
xv. Syndromes associated with retinitis pigmentosa
1) Usher's syndrome
2) Kearns ? Sayre syndrome
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3) Refsum's syndrome4) Alport syndrome
a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct b) 1 and 3 are correct
c) 1 only is correct
d) 1, 2 and 4 are correct
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Question numbers xvi-xx are single-response type questionsxvi. D shaped pupil is seen in
a) Glaucoma
c) Retinal detachment
b) Traumatic iridodialysis
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d) Iridocyclitisxvii. Snowflake cataract is seen in
a) Diabetes
b) Trauma
c) Galectosemia
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d) Wilsons diseasexviii. Tear drop sign is seen in fracture of
a) Floor of orbit
b) Roof of orbit
c) Medial wall of orbit
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d) Mandibular fracturexix. Tomato splash appearance is seen in
a) CRVO
b) CRAO
c) ARMD
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d) Retinoblastomaxx. Causative organism of angular conjunctivitis
a) Streptococcus epidermidis
c) Pneumococcus
b) Moraxella
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d) Chlamydia trachomatisLong Essays:
(2x10=20)
2. A 2-year-old child is brought to the ophthalmology clinic by her parents after noticing a whitish reflex in the
left eye while taking photographs. The parents report no history of trauma or infection but mention
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
occasional misalignment of the left eye. On examination, the child has leucocoria in the left eye andstrabismus.
a) What is the most probable diagnosis
b) Mention two differential diagnoses for leucocoria in a child
c) Describe pathogenesis and investigations you would perform to confirm the diagnosis
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d) Describe the management plan for this child(1+2+3+4)
3. Describe the etiopathogenesis, clinical features, complications and management of trachoma (2+3+2+3)
Short Essays: (6x6=36)
4. Optic neuritis
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5. Diabetic Retinopathy6. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis
7. Strabismus
8. Primary angle closure glaucoma
9. Myopia
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Short Answers: (6x4=24)10. Pterygium
11. Central retinal vein occlusion
12. Ectropion
13. Describe the nerve supply and actions of intraocular muscles
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14. Anti glaucoma medications15. Lacrimal apparatus
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