Download MBBS Important Topics Anatomy Imp Topics

FirstRanker.com

ANATOMY

HNF

SN

1. Digastric Triangle

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

2. Nasal Septum*
3. Thyroid Gland – Blood Supply*, Applied Anatomy
4. Carotid Sheath
5. Muscles of Mastication
6. Cavernous Sinus*

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

7. Carotid Triangle
8. Little's Area of Nose – Clinical Significance
9. Lateral Rectus Muscle of Eyeball
10. Hyoid Bone
11. Palatine Tonsil – Applied Anatomy*

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

12. Dangerous Area of Face
13. Nasal Meatus
14. Tongue - Applied Anatomy
15. Ansa Cervicalis
16. Falx Cerebri

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

LAQ

1. Parotid Gland****
2. Tongue**
3. Scalp
4. Thyroid Gland**

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

5. Middle Ear

Upper Limb

SN

1. Cubital Fossa**
2. Klumpke's Paralysis*
3. Abduction at Shoulder Joint

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Rotator Cuff
5. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome**
6. Mammary Gland - Lymphatic Drainage****, Applied Anatomy
7. Erb's Paralysis*
8. Pronation and Supination

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

9. Clavipectoral Fascia
10. Clawhand - Features and Causative Factors
11. Musculocutaneous Nerve

LAQ

1. Shoulder Joint***

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

2. Ulnar Nerve*
3. Brachial Plexus
4. Cubital Fossa
5. Axillary Artery
6. Mid-Palmar Space

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

7. Radial Nerve
8. Median Nerve

Thorax

SN

1. Thoracic Duct
2. Root of Right Lung

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

3. Azygous Vein
4. Arch of Aorta
5. Typical Intercostal Nerve
6. Bronchopulmonary Segments of Left Lung
7. Left Coronary Artery*

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

8. Bronchopulmonary Segments – Applied Anatomy*
9. Coronary Sinus

LAQ

1. Bronchopulmonary Segments
2. Right Atrium**

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

3. Arch of Aorta**
4. Superior Mediastinum

Neuroanatomy

SN

1. Medial Medullary Syndrome
2. Floor of Fourth Ventricle**

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

3. Circle of Willis
4. T.S. Medulla Oblongata – Pyramidal Decussation
5. T.S. Midbrain - Superior Colliculus Level*
6. Corpus Callosum**
7. Brown Sequard Syndrome

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

8. Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle*
9. T.S. Spinal Cord – Cervical Level
10. Internal Capsule

LAQ

1. Glossopharyngeal Nerve*

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

2. Superolateral Surface of Cerebrum**
3. Internal Capsule*
4. Pons
5. Occulomotor Nerve
6. Midbrain

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

7. Functional Areas in Frontal Lobe

Abdomen & Pelvis

SN

1. Anal Canal – Applied Aspect
2. Portacaval Anastomosis* – Applied Anatomy
3. Inguinal Hernia* – Direct, Indirect

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Male Urethra
5. Caput Medusae
6. Uterus - Supports*, Applied Anatomy
7. Stomach Bed*
8. Meckel's Diverticulum*

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

9. Inguinal Canal
10. Ischiorectal Fossa*
11. Lesser Omentum*
12. Rectus Sheath
13. Inferior Vena Cava

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

14. Superficial Perineal Pouch
15. McBurney's Point
16. Interior of Urinary Bladder
17. Umbilicus - Anatomical and Clinical Importance
18. Perineal Body

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

19. Contraception – Anatomical Basis
20. Anterior Relations of Right Kidney – diagram
21. Hysterosalphingography

LAQ

1. Pancreas**

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

2. Ischiorectal Fossa
3. Kidney
4. Uterine Tube
5. Testes
6. Extra-Hepatic Biliary Apparatus*

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

7. Rectus Sheath
8. Urinary Bladder*
9. Prostate**
10. Suprarenal Gland*
11. Uterus

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

12. Stomach**
13. Ovary*
14. Duodenum – 2nd Part
15. Anal Canal*
16. Diaphragm

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

17. Inguinal Canal*
18. Internal Iliac Artery

Lower Limb

SN

1. Sartorius*
2. Medial Longitudinal Arch* – Factors Maintaining

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

3. Gluteus Maximus
4. Foot Drop* - Anatomical Basis
5. Femoral Sheath
6. Femoral Canal*
7. Popliteus**

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

8. Inversion and Eversion* - Inverters and Everters with Nerve Supply
9. Superficial Inguinal Lymph Nodes
10. Femoral Hernia
11. Longitudinal Arches of Foot
12. Gastrocnemius

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

13. Great Saphenous Vein

LAQ

1. Hip Joint*
2. Venous Drainage of Lower Limb
3. Intra-Articular Structures of Knee Joint*

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Sciatic Nerve
5. Femoral Triangle
6. Knee Joint**
7. Popliteal Fossa*
8. Lateral Longitudinal Arch of Foot

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

9. Veins of Inferior Extremity
10. Structures Under Gluteus Maximus - diagram

General Anatomy

1. Synovial Joint** - diagram, classification, examples
2. Classification of Fibrous Joint
3. Sesamoid Bone

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Cartilaginous Joint - classification, example
5. Epiphysis
6. Secondary Cartilaginous Joint
7. Pivot Joint
8. Blood Supply of Long bone

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Histology

1. Adrenal**
2. Muscular Artery*
3. Stratified Squamous Epithelium
4. Testes**
5. Ovary

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

6. Compact Bone
7. Spleen**
8. Kidney
9. Lymph Node

Embryology

1. Notocord

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

2. Mesonephric Duct
3. Primitive Streak
4. Phases of Fertilisation
5. Pancreas*
6. Neural Tube Defects

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

7. Vitello-intestinal Duct
8. Urinary Bladder
9. Descent of Testes*
10. Developmental Anomalies of Kidney
11. Rotation of Gut

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

12. Fate and Derivatives of Yolk Sac

Genetics

1. Barr Body*
2. Lyons Hypothesis
3. Turner's Syndrome*
4. Karyotyping*

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

5. Monosomy of Sex Chromosome
6. Down's Syndrome*
7. Structural Chromosome Abnormalities
8. Autosomal Dominant Inheritance
9. Structural and Numerical Chromosome Abnormalities with example

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

FirstRanker.com

PHYSIOLOGY

Paper 1

CVS

SN

1. Circulatory Shock - define, classify, stages, physiological principles of management
2. Connections of Unipolar and Bipolar Limb Leads while regarding ECG
3. ECG Trace in Lead II* - draw, label, mark intervals

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

4. CNS Ischemic Response
5. Baroreceptor Reflex Mechanism
6. Ventricular Diastole - events
7. Properties of Cardiac Muscle*, Ionic Basis of Autorhythmicity in SA Node, Why Heart Muscle Cannot be Tetanized
8. Role of JGA in Regulation of Blood Pressure

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

9. Coronary Circulation - peculiarities, Angina Pectoris
10. Renin-Angiotensin Mechanism
11. Heart Block - enlist types, explain AV Nodal Block
12. Heart Rate - explain increase in heart rate in muscular exercise
13. Fick Principle

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

14. ECG - diagram, Bipolar Limb Leads
15. Venous Return
16. Factors Affecting Stroke Volume
17. Effect of Isotonic Exercise on Blood Pressure

LAQ

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

1. Cardiac Cycle** - define, pressure and volume changes in left ventricle*, diagram; Third and Fourth Heart Sound*
2. Coronary Circulation - physiologic anatomy, factors affecting, special features; Angina Pectoris
3. Blood Pressure - define, long-term regulation
4. Circulatory Shock** - define, classify; Compensatory Stage of Circulatory Shock, Progressive Stage, Hemorrhagic Shock Physiological Basis of its Management
5. ECG - define; Explain ECG in Lead II - diagram; Heart Block

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

6. Mean Arterial Blood Pressure - define, enumerate mechanisms regulating; Baroreceptor Mechanism - describe
7. Regulation of BP - classify mechanism; Short Term Regulation
8. Define - Stroke Volume, Cardiac Output, Cardiac Index, Stroke Volume Index; Factors Affecting Cardiac Output
9. Heart Rate - define, factors affecting and regulating

GIT

SN

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

1. Functions of Bile Salts**, Composition
2. Peptic Ulcer*** - etiology, physiological basis of treatment
3. Regulation of Gastric Emptying*
4. Phases of Deglutition - enlist, Pharyngeal Phase** - explain
5. Mechanism of Secretion of HCl by Parietal Cells, Gastric Glands

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

6. Movement of Small Intestine, Peristaltic Rush
7. Mechanism of Secretion of HCI*
8. Importance of Deglutition Reflex
9. Movement of Large Intestine, Defecation Reflex*
10. Enumerate GIT Hormones, Note on Gastrin, CCK

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

11. Regulation of Gastric Motility
12. Absorption of Fat

LAQ

1. Deglutition, Achalasia Cardia
2. Pancreatic Juice - composition, function, regulation of secretion

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

3. Gastric Glands - enumerate, secretion, function; Treatment of Peptic Ulcer*
4. Gastric Juice - composition; HCl Secretion - mechanism, factors regulating***

Endocrine System

SN

1. Functions of Insulin
2. Diabetes Mellitus and Insipidus* - compare and contrast

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

3. Parathyroid hormone - functions, regulation
4. Growth Hormone* - metabolic action
5. Insulin Secretion - factors increasing, effect in promoting growth
6. Diabetes Insipidus, Cushing Syndrome
7. Tetany, Signs of Tetany, Treatment

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

8. Cushing Syndrome*, Clinical Features

LAQ

1. Glucocorticoids - regulation of secretion, mechanism of action, function, effect of deficiency
2. Thyroid Hormone Synthesis and Release - enumerate steps, diagram; Anti-Thyroid Drugs - action
3. Hormonal Regulation of Growth*, Dwarfism, Pituitary & Thyroid Dwarf Differences

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Thyroid* - synthesis, mechanism of action, regulation of secretion, function; Endemic Goitre, Hypothyroidism
5. Calcium* - importance, regulation; Tetany, Osteoporosis
6. Adrenal Cortex - enumerate hormones; Factors Regulating Secretion of Aldosterone
7. Anterior Pituitary - enumerate hormones secreted; Physiological Actions of Growth Hormone*, Dwarfism

Reproductive System

SN

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

1. Indicators of Ovulation, Clinical Significance
2. Methods of Contraception*** - temporary, Physiological Basis of Oral Contraceptives, Safe Period
3. Spermatogenesis* - describe stages, enlist factors affecting it
4. Physiological Changes in Pregnancy
5. Maternal Changes in Last Trimester of Pregnancy

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

6. Mechanism of Ovulation, Contraception - rhythm method
7. Menstrual Cycle - phases
8. Circulatory Changes at Birth
9. Menstrual Cycle - hormonal and uterine changes, diagram
10. Parturition - explain, role of oxytocin

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

LAQ

1. Menstrual Cycle - phases, hormonal control
2. Cyclical Changes in Uterus during Reproductive Life, Its Hormonal Regulation

RS

SN

1. Oxygen-Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve** - draw, label, factors affecting, Bohr's Effect, factors shifting curve to right, what is P50, role of 2,3-BPG

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

2. Characteristics of Pulmonary Circulation
3. Acclimatization to High Altitude - enumerate physiological changes, significance of changes
4. Heat Stroke
5. Heat Loss*** - enumerate methods, mechanism, mechanism of sweating
6. Peripheral Chemoreceptors - characteristics, functions

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

7. Factors Affecting Composition of Alveolar Air
8. Oxygen Debt*
9. Hypoxia*** - define, classify, describe Hypoxic Hypoxia
10. Ways of Heat Loss, Heat Stroke
11. Surfactant* - functions, note on RDS

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

12. Transport of Carbon dioxide, Haldane Effect
13. Response of Body when exposed to Extreme Cold**, Hypothermia, Use of Induced Hypothermia
14. Effect of Exercise on Respiration, what is VO2 max
15. Explain Work of Breathing*, Applied Importance, Enumerate Muscles of Respiration
16. Functional Residual Capacity - physiological significance

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

17. Acclimatization to High Altitude - various changes, Acute Mountain Sickness
18. Haldane Effect
19. Role of Hypothalamus in Temperature Regulation

LAQ

1. Neural Regulation of Breathing**, Periodic Breathing, Ondine's Curse*

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

2. Transport of CO2, Haldane Effect, Its Significance
3. Lung Compliance* - describe, factors affecting; Hyaline Membrane Disease
4. Respiratory Membrane* - describe, factors affecting gaseous exchange; Principle of CO Method
5. Pulmonary Ventilation - mechanism; Positive Pressure Breathing
6. Oxygen Transport - describe method

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

7. Chemical Control of Respiration

Paper 2

CNS

SN

1. Receptor** - enumerate properties, any two properties in detail
2. Referred Pain*, Enumerate Different Types of Pain
3. Lesions of Upper and Lower Motor Neuron

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Functions of Basal Ganglia*
5. Middle Ear - functions
6. Parkinsonism**
7. i. Pathway of Proprioceptive Sensations from Periphery to Cortex
   ii. Sensory Ataxia - define, difference from Cerebellar Ataxia

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

8. REM Sleep**, Narcolepsy
9. Muscle Spindle* - diagram, function
10. Speech
11. Descending Pain Inhibiting System
12. Aphasia - define, different types

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

13. Different types of Pain, Transmission of Pain through Neospinothalamic Pathway
14. Ascending Tracts - name; Labelled Diagram of Pain Pathway
15. Lower Motor Neuron - define, features of LMN paralysis
16. Important Areas of Frontal Lobe - diagram, Functions of Prefrontal Lobe
17. Sensory Receptors, Adaptation and Intensity Discrimination

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

18. Fast and Slow Pain
19. Memory - define, types; Alzheimer's

LAQ

1. Ascending Tracts** - enumerate;
   1. Dorsal Column System - origin, course, termination; Phantom Limb
   2. Pathway for Touch Sensation - describe

   --- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

   3. Pathway for Line Touch Sensation, Law of Projection
2. Muscle Spindle - diagram; Role of Stretch Reflex in Controlling Muscle of Tone
3. Functions of Hypothalamus** - enumerate, explain any three in detail
4. Basal Ganglia* - connections, functions; Parkinsonism - clinical features

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

5. Cerebellum** - functions, connections, applied importance
6. Complete Transaction of Spinal Cord - effects
7. Pyramidal Tracts* - origin, course, termination, function, applied
8. Lobes of Neocortex - functions

Renal Physiology

SN

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

1. JGA - diagram, functions**
2. Countercurrent Multiplier Mechanism
3. Role of Kidney in Acid-Base Balance
4. i. Transport Maximum - define
   ii. Mechanism of Glucose Reabsorption in Renal Tubules

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

5. GFR - define, factors***; Tubular Glomerular Feedback, Glomerular Tubular Balance
6. Cystometrography
7. PCT - functions
8. Countercurrent Mechanism
9. Innervation of Urinary Bladder, Micturition Reflex

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

LAQ

1. GFR** - define, enumerate factors affecting, methods of measurement, regulation
2. Physiology of Micturition*; Cystometrogram
3. DCT - functions
4. Milleu Interior - define; Role of Kidney in Maintaining Osmolarity of Body Fluid

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Special Senses

SN

1. Visual Pathway* - diagram, lesions, heteronymous hemianopia
2. Dark Adaptation** - define, significance
3. Organ of Corti
4. Accommodation of Eye*, Accommodation Reflex* - describe, significance; Presbyopia

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

5. Place Principle, Explain Role of Basilar Membrane in Perception of Sound*
6. Colour Vision
7. Impedance Matching, Causes of Conductive Deafness
8. Olfactory Pathway
9. Errors of Refraction; Myopia, Astigmatism - features, correction

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

10. Taste Sensation Pathway, Basic Modalities of Taste, Types of Papillae

LAQ

1. Mechanism of Hearing - describe; Pitch Discrimination
2. Colour Vision - mechanism; Colour Blindness
3. Accommodation - define, mechanism, neural pathway; Presbyopia

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Photochemistry of Vision*, Dark Adaptation
5. Middle Ear - role; Organ of Corti

Nerve-Muscle Physiology

SN

1. Excitation-Contraction Coupling
2. Action Potential - define, compare ionic basis of large myelinated nerve fibre and SAN**

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

3. NMJ - diagram*, Myasthenia Gravis, End Plate Potential - define, generation
4. Properties of Never Fibres
5. Factors Regulating Force of Skeletal Muscle Contraction, Motor Unit - define
6. Refractory Period
7. Sarcotubular System

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

8. Red Muscle and Pale Muscle, Isotonic and Isometric Contraction
9. Saltatory Conductions, Factors Affecting Conduction Velocity
10. Compare, Contrast AP and Excitatory Post Synaptic Potential Neurons
11. RMP - define, explain ionic basis of RMP in nerve fibre
12. Molecular Basis of Muscle Contraction

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

13. Neuron - diagram, Nerve Impulse - define

LAQ

1. Genesis of Action Potential - describe. Properties of AP - enumerate
2. Sarcomere* - define, diagram; Sliding Filament Theory - explain
3. RMP - define, factors contributing; Phases of AP

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

4. NMJ* - diagram; Describe Neuromuscular Transmission; Myasthenia Gravis*
5. Synaptic Transmission - mechanism; Synapse - two properties
6. Molecular Basis of Skeletal Muscle Contraction*
7. Muscle Tone - define, regulation
8. i. RMP - define
   

   --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

   ii. Ionic Basis for Development of RMP and AP

Blood

SN

1. Intrinsic Pathway of Coagulation
2. Role of B Lymphocytes
3. Blood Group - classify, Erythroblastosis Foetalis

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Mismatched Blood Transfusion
5. Functions of Plasma Proteins*
6. Immunity* - define, primary and secondary immune response and its role in vaccination, role of T cells
7. Landsteiner's Law, Importance of Rh Blood Group*
8. CD4 Cells

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

9. Platelets - normal count, functions
10. Erythroblastosis foetalis - features, treatment
11. Bleeding Time, Clotting Time - define, Intrinsic Pathway - describe

LAQ

1. Coagulation - define, flowchart; Bleeding and Clotting Disorders - differences, examples

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

2. Immunity* - define, classify; Cell Mediated Immunity; Humoral Immunity, Vaccination
3. Clotting - define; Mechanism of Blood Coagulation - flowchart; Anticoagulants - name
4. WBC - classify, morphology, function

General Physiology

SN

1. Homeostasis** - define, compare between feedback systems

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

2. Transport Mechanism Across Cell Membrane, Secondary Active Transport*
3. Osmosis

LAQ

1. Transport Mechanism - describe, examples

FirstRanker.com

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

BIOCHEMISTRY

Paper 1

Protein Metabolism

SN

1. Metabolism of Tyrosine (pg 345)
2. Biogenic Amines (pg 375)
3. Metabolism of Glycine (pg 341)
4. Alkaptonuria (pg 352)

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

LAQ

1. Inborn Errors of Metabolism of Tyrosine* and Phenylalanine
2. Formation and Fate of Ammonia**
3. Urea Cycle and Abnormalities***
4. Alkaptonuria - Biochemical Basis, Tests for Diagnosis

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

5. Glycine - synthesis, inhibition, specialised products formed
6. Transamination, Deamination, Ammonia Toxicity

Nucleotide Metabolism

SN

1. Purine Salvage Pathway* (pg 391)
2. Hyperuricemia (pg 394)

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

3. Gout** (pg 394)
4. Catabolism of Purines (pg 392)

Hemoglobin

SN

1. Hemoglobinopathies and examples (pg 203)
2. Abnormal Hemoglobin** - changes in AA sequence (pg 202)

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

LAQ

1. Catabolism of Heme*, Hemolytic Jaundice
2. Formation and Fate of Bilirubin; Jaundice
3. Biosynthesis and Degradation of Heme
4. Heme - biosynthesis, regulation*; Intermittent Porphyria

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Vitamins

SN

1. Coenzymes of Thiamine of Pyridoxine - two biochemical functions of each
2. Functions of Folic Acid (pg 150)
3. Deficiency Manifestation of Vitamin A (pg 118)
4. Coenzyme Function of Folic Acid and B12 (pg 150)

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

5. Wald's Visual Cycle (pg 129)
6. Activation of Cholecalciferol, Justification as a Hormone (pg 124)

LAQ

1. Vitamin D
2. Vitamin A**

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

3. Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid
4. Vitamin C
5. Thiamine*

Enzymes

SN

1. Isoenzymes and Clinical Application*** (pg 109)

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

2. Enzymes and Isoenzymes in Myocardial Infarction** (pg 112)
3. Enzymes of Diagnostic, Analytic and Therapeutic Importance* (pg 105)
4. Km Value (pg 88)
5. Activation Energy of Enzyme - E-S Complex (pg 98)

LAQ

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

1. Enzymes - definition, factors affecting enzyme activity*
2. Enzyme Inhibition - Competitive and Non-Competitive
3. Enzymes - classification, examples, Isoenzymes
4. Types of Enzyme Inhibitors

Biological Oxidation

SN

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

1. Substrate Level Phosphorylation (pg 224)
2. Oxidative Phosphorylation*** and Thermogenin (pg 228)
3. Malate Aspartate Shuttle* (pg 234)
4. Inhibitors of ETC (pg 232)
5. Uncouplers of Oxidative Phosphorylation (pg 233)

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

6. Difference between Oxidative and Substrate Level Phosphorylation

LAQ

1. Explain ETC, Mention Sites of
2. ATP Synthesis and Inhibitors of ETC**
3. Oxidative Phosphorylation

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Explain ETC, Inhibitors and Uncouplers of Oxidative Phosphorylation

Molecular Biology

SN

1. Genetic Code*** (pg 551)
2. Mutation* - Causes and Types (pg 535)
3. Recombinant DNA Technology Applications

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Reverse Transcription (pg 550)
5. DNA Replication (pg 524)
6. PCR (pg 534)
7. Lac Operon (pg 557)

LAQ

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

1. Protein Biosynthesis* and Inhibitors, Regulation
2. DNA Replication, Two Inhibitors of Replication
3. Genetic Code- salient features, Wobble's Hypothesis
4. Transcription, Post-Transcriptional Modification, Two Antibiotics Inhibiting the process

Proteins

SN

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

1. Biologically Important Peptides* (pg 65)
2. Secondary and Tertiary Structure of Proteins** (pg 56)
3. tRNA And Its Functions*** (pg 81)
4. Secondary Structure of Protein (pg 56)
5. Functional Classification of Proteins (pg 63)

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

6. Conjugated Proteins (pg 64)

Nucleotides

SN

1. Four Biochemical Functions of Nucleotides*

Free Radicals and Antioxidants

SN

1. Antioxidants (pg 655)

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

2. Antioxidant Enzymes*, Vitamins and Minerals
3. Free Radicals and Antioxidants

Nutrition

SN

1. Explain the Role of Dietary Fibres* (pg 508)
2. BMR - definition, factors (pg 504)

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

3. Protein Energy Malnutrition*** (pg 516)
4. Kwashiorkor* - Biochemical Alterations and Treatment (pg 516)

Plasma Proteins

SN

1. Immunoglobulin - diagram, describe any one Ig in detail* (pg 186)
2. Functions of Albumin (pg 183)

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Paper 2

Carbohydrate Metabolism

SN

1. Significance of HMP Shunt* (pg 270)
2. Rapaport Leubering Cycle, Significance (pg 251)
3. Glycogen Storage Disease* - enzyme defects, clinical manifestation (pg 269)

LAQ

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

1. Glycolytic Pathway in Erythrocytes, Significance, Difference from Glycolysis (pg 251)
2. Glycogenolysis, Regulation, Glycogen Storage Diseases* (pg 265)
3. TCA Cycle, Amphibolic Nature* (pg 252)
4. HMP Shunt*, Significance (pg 270)
5. Metabolism of Glycogen, Hormonal Regulation* (pg 263)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Lipid Metabolism

SN

1. Cholesterol - biomedical importance (pg 315)
2. Cholesterol - metabolism, function (pg 309)
3. Lipoproteins* (pg 317)
4. Fatty Liver* and Lipotroptic Factors* (pg 322)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

5. Ketosis (pg 296)

LAQ

1. Cholesterol Synthesis*** - name regulatory enzyme, normal level, functions, explain role in Atherosclerosis (pg 308)
2. Ketosis, Synthesis and Fate of Ketone Bodies (pg 293)
3. Beta Oxidation of Palmitic Acid, Regulation, Energetics** (pg 290)

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Roles of LDL, HDL in Cholesterol Transport, Role in Atherosclerosis (pg 320, 326)
5. Fate of Acetyl CoA, Fatty Acid Synthesis (pg 297)

Mineral Metabolism

SN

1. Regulation of Serum Calcium Level (pg 407)
2. Role of Calcium as Second Messenger (pg 405)

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

3. Absorption of Iron (pg 414)

LAQ

1. Plasma Calcium Level - hormonal regulation, function, deficiency manifestation (pg 407)
2. Iron* (pg 414)
3. Calcium* (pg 404)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Calcium and Phosphorus (pg 404, 409)
5. Copper and Zinc (pg 416, 419)
6. Iron and lodine (pg 414, 418)
7. Factors Influencing Calcium Absorption, Functions (pg 404)

Integration of Metabolism

SN

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

1. Short Term Starvation - metabolic changes (pg 383)
2. Biochemical Changes in Starvation** (pg 383)
3. Most Severe Phase of Starvation - biochemical changes (Pankaja - pg 276)

LAQ

1. Starvation Metabolism* (pg 383)

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Acid-Base Balance

SN

1. Buffers** (pg 475)
2. Role of Kidney in Acid Base Balance (pg 477)
3. Any Two Buffer Systems (pg 475)
4. Metabolic Acidosis*, Its Compensation (pg 4
   

   --- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

   This download link is referred from the post: MBBS 2021 Important Topics and Materials for 1st Year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year and Final Year