Scabies
Caused by Sarcoptes scabei
Treatment - oral - ivermectin, topical - permethrine and benzyl benzoate
Koilonychia- Spoon shaped nails
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Iron deficiency anemiaUndescended testes - cryptorchidism
Complications - torsion, trauma and seminoma
Should be corrected in one year by surgery - orchidopexy
Purpura
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DD - Kawasaki diseaseEpicanthal fold
Seen in Down's and turners, Mongolian race, Kawasaki disease. Sometimes
normally seen in newborn but disappears in 1-2 months of age
Congenital hypothyroidism
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Macroglossia, cretin faciesShould be diagnosed within 72 hours by heel prick blood sample. Maximum by 1
month and thyroxine should be started
Dose of T4 - 10-15 micrograms per kg per day
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
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Due to systemic spread of exotoxin of Staph. aureusTreatment is supportive
Ambiguous genitalia
Causes - 46 XX -congenital adrenal hyperplasia, maternal virilisation, aromatase
deficiency
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46 XY - maternal virilisation(Don't know for sure)
Cracked skin
DD - Kawasaki disease
Goitre
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Clubbing
Causes - suppurative lung diseases, Crohn's disease, cyanotic heart disease, liver
cirrhosis
Polymorphic varicella rash
Strawberry tongue - Scarlett fever
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Also seen in Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndr, and in Vitamindeficiencies(Niacin)
Sub-ungual peeling
DD - Kawasaki disease
Mantoux test
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The two bars indicate the lines drawn to measure the diameter of indurationDelayed type 4 hypersensitivity reaction
Peri-orbital puffiness
Nephrotic syndrome
Polydactyly
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Seen in Turner's, Trisomy 13Hypertelorism (maldevelopment of sphenoid bone)
Causes - Trisomy 21, congenital hypothyroidism, thalasemia major, turner's synd,
william's syndrome
Vitamin A deficiency
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Treatment - less than 6 months 50,000 IU6 - 12 months - 1 lakh IU
Greater than 1 year - 2 lakh IU
Prophylaxis - 1 lakh IU at 9 months
2 lakh IU at 16-24 months
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Collodion baby
Genu valgum - knock knees
Causes - rickets, fracture of medial epiphyseal plates
Herpes zoster ophthalmicus
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
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Gives the appearance of a male genitalia to a female babyPalmar erythema/carotinemia
Nephrotic syndrome
Mumps - parotid swelling
Paramyxovirus
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Cleft palate
Sturge-Weber syndrome
Facial nevus flammens usually in the distribution of the first branch of trigeminal
nerve
Surgery is necessary for symptomatic cases
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Dengue rash
Turner's syndrome
A - webbed neck
B - cubitus valgus (increased carrying angle)
C - lymphedema
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Hydrocephalus
Measles
Maculopapular rash - morbilliform rash
Microcephaly
Goitre
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(Jayawardane sir told this won't be kept for exam)
Kwashiorkor
Congenital inguinal hernia or hydrocoele
Down's syndrome
Mongoloid facies
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Cleft palate
Diaper rash - inflammation of the skin by persistent contact with anemia
Right-sided facial palsy
Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura / meningococcal rash (I don't know)
Small vessel vasculitis.
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Purpura found over buttocks and lower limbs and is palpableComplications - renal failure, CNS vasculitis, GB syndrome, coma
Treatment - prednisolone and supportive
Congenital hypothyroidism
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