FirstRanker Logo

FirstRanker.com - FirstRanker's Choice is a hub of Question Papers & Study Materials for B-Tech, B.E, M-Tech, MCA, M.Sc, MBBS, BDS, MBA, B.Sc, Degree, B.Sc Nursing, B-Pharmacy, D-Pharmacy, MD, Medical, Dental, Engineering students. All services of FirstRanker.com are FREE

📱

Get the MBBS Question Bank Android App

Access previous years' papers, solved question papers, notes, and more on the go!

Install From Play Store

Download MBBS Dermatology Lecture Notes

Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) Dermatology 1st Year Handwritten Notes, 2nd Year Handwritten Notes, 3rd Year Handwritten Notes & Final Year Handwritten Notes (Lecture Notes)

This post was last modified on 24 July 2021

Dermatology
1

Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis) (1)
? Eczema is associated with asthma and al ergic
rhinitis

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Erythema, crusts, fissures, pruritis, excoriations,
lichenification
? Chronic pruritic skin condition
? Infants: Blisters, crusts, exfoliation (face, scalp,
extremities),1st few months. Resolves by age 2

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Adults: Dryness and thickening in antecubital and
popliteal fossae, neck
? Positive family history, worse in winter (dry
weather)
2

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---


Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis) (2)
? Treatment: corticosteroids, antipruritics
? Complications
?2? bacterial infection (treat with antibiotics)
?Eczema herpeticum: Widespread HSV infection

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

in patients with underlying atopic dermatitis
3

Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
4
Med-Chal enger ? EM

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---


Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
5

Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
6
Logical Images Inc.

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
7
Med-Chal enger ? EM

Allergic Contact Dermatitis
? Delayed type hypersensitivity

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac (linear
extension)
? Contact with metal jewelry (nickel)
? Hair dyes, detergents
? Erythema, pruritus, vesicles, bul ae

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Blister fluid contains no antigen
? Corticosteroids for severe cases
8

Contact Dermatitis
9

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Med-Chal enger ? EM

Contact Dermatitis
Logical Imag10
es Inc.

Contact Dermatitis

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

11
Logical Images Inc.

Contact Dermatitis
12
Logical Images Inc.

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---


Poison Ivy
13
Logical Images Inc.

Exfoliative Dermatitis (1)
? Generalized dermatitis, diffuse, scaly, warm,

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

erythematous, non-tender, pruritic
? Leads to exfoliation
? Most are secondary to underlying disease
? Involves most or al of skin
? Flares of pre-existing skin disease (psoriasis,

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

atopic dermatitis etc.)
Differential: SSSS, EM, TEN ,TSS
14

Exfoliative Dermatitis (2)
? Response to drugs, chemicals, systemic

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

disease or malignancy (lymphoma, leukemia)
? May be acute, subacute or chronic
? Typical y males over 40
? Complications are 2? to disruption of epidermis
?Hypothermia, volume loss, electrolyte

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

abnormalities, 2? skin infection
? Important to diagnose underlying cause
? Admit, IV, steroids for severe cases
15

Exfoliative Dermatitis

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

16

Psoriasis
? Chronic papulosquamous eruption
?Due to more rapid cel cycle
? Erythematous plaques with white (silver)

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

scales
? Extensor surfaces of elbows, knees, scalp,
palms, soles
? Pitting of the nails
? May be accompanied by psoriatic arthritis

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Treatment: steroids, tar, UV light, methotrexate
17

Psoriasis
18
Logical Images Inc.

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---


Psoriasis
19
Logical Images Inc.

Psoriasis
20

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Logical Images Inc.

Seborrheic Dermatitis (Dandruff)
? White, yel ow, waxy scales with erythema
? Localized to hairy skin areas
? Scalp, eyebrow, ear, axil a, groin (wherever

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

there are sebaceous glands)
? Malassezia furfur (a fungus) is associated
? Not contagious
? Frequent recurrences, worse in cold weather
? May be severe or generalized in HIV positive

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

patients
? Treatment: Rotating antidandruff shampoos,
ketoconazole shampoo or cream; steroids are
discouraged
21

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


Seborrheic Dermatitis
22
Logical Images Inc.

Seborrheic Dermatitis
23

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Logical Images Inc.

Pityriasis Rosea
? Children, young adults, spring and fal
? Etiology unknown
? No epidemics, not contagious

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Rash evolves over weeks
?Herald patch: Single salmon-colored lesion with
raised boarder on trunk, 1?5 cm
?1-2 weeks after herald patch: Widespread
eruption, pink maculopapular oval patches that

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

fol ow the ribs ("Christmas tree" pattern)
? Rule out syphilis (if clinical y indicated), drug
reaction
? Treatment: Symptomatic, antihistamines
? Resolution in 2-10 weeks

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

24

Pityriasis Rosea

Christmas
Tree

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Pattern
25

Pityriasis Rosea
Herald Patch
26

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Med-Chal enger ? EM

Pityriasis Rosea

Herald Patch
27

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Logical Images Inc.

Petechiae / Purpura
? Deposits of blood under skin
? Non-blanching
? Petechiae <3 mm, purpura >3 mm

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? Non-palpable: Platelet disorder,
thrombocytopenia
? Palpable purpura = Vasculitis
? Treatment: Antibiotics, steroids,
plasmapheresis (depends on etiology)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

28

Petechiae / Purpura
29
Logical Images Inc.


--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Petechiae / Purpura
30

Urticaria
? Diffuse pruritus, wheals, hives
(superficial dermis)

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? Etiology is unknown most of time
? IgE mast cel s histamine release
? Usual y self-limited
? Treatment: Antihistamines, steroids,
antipruritics, H2 blockers, epinephrine

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

31

Urticaria
32
Logical Images Inc.

Urticaria

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

33
Logical Images Inc.

Angioedema (1)
? Bradykinin-mediated
? Vasodilation

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Vascular permeability
? Edema of the deeper dermis
? Common cause: ACE inhibitors
?ACE inhibitors decrease metabolism of
bradykinins

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

?Can occur early or late
? 2/3 occur in hours
? 1/3 in months to years
34

Angioedema (2)

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? Familial - associated with C1 esterase inhibitor
deficiency
? C esterase inhibitor inhibits complement
1
cascade

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

?Deficiency leads to increased bradykinin
? Edema of face, extremities, bowel wal
? Responds to fresh frozen plasma and C1
esterase inhibitor concentrate
? Autosomal dominant (positive family history)

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

35

Angioedema
36
.

Erysipelas

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Infants, toddlers, elderly
? Usual y Group A Strep, occasional y Staph
? Superficial cel ulitis, lymphangitis
? Localized (face, legs, ear)
? Butterfly facial rash (warm and tender)

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Raised, well demarcated border
? Treatment: PCN, dicloxacil in, erythromycin
37

Erysipelas
38

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Logical Images Inc.

Erythema Nodosum (EN)
? Painful, non-ulcerative, violaceous nodules
(localized vasculitis) on anterior tibia, arms,
trunk

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

?Looks like erythema, feels like nodes
? EN is often a marker for systemic disease
?Drug reaction (oral contraceptives, sulfa, PCN)
?Systemic infection (TB, fungal)
?Sarcoid

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

?Inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis)
?Malignancy (leukemia, lymphoma)
? Most common in women 30-50
? Resolves in 3-6 weeks
? Treatment is directed at underlying disease 39

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



Erythema Nodosum
6
40


--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Erythema Nodosum
41

Drug Eruption
? Consider in any acute, symmetrical eruption
? Common: PCN, cephalosporins, sulfa

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Usual y disappears within 1-2 weeks
? Immediate hypersensitivity: IgE (urticaria)
? Delayed hypersensitivity: IgM (serum sickness)
? Urticaria, morbil iform rash (discreet red-brown
papules coalesce to erythema), erythema

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

multiforme
? Treatment: Discontinue drug, antihistamines,
steroids
? Complications: Stevens-Johnson syndrome
(mucosal and cutaneous), Severe bul ous

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

(form can be fatal)
42

Erythema Multiforme
? Minor (erythema multiforme) EM major
(Stevens-Johnson) EM maximum (TEN)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Hypersensitivity reaction
?Infection (Mycoplasma, Herpes), malignancy,
drugs
?Sulfa, oral hypoglycemics, anticonvulsants, PCN
(memory aid: "SOAP")

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Palms, soles, extensor surfaces
? "Bull's eye" or "target" lesions
? Treatment: Remove offending agents;
symptomatic for minor forms; major forms may
need resuscitation, ICU admission

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

43

Erythema Multiforme
44
Logical Images Inc.

Erythema Multiforme

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

45
Logical Images Inc.

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
? Severe bul ous form of EM, 10-30% of BSA,
mucosal involvement, can be fatal

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Bul ous cutaneous lesions, mucositis,
stomatitis, conjunctivitis, crusted nares
? Children, adolescents, males
? Serious, potential y fatal form of E. multiforme
?Hypersensitivity reaction

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

?Severe reaction to medication: Sulfonamides
PCN, barbiturates, phenytoin, tetracycline,
thiazides
46

Stevens - Johnson Syndrome

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

47
Logical Images Inc.

Stevens - Johnson Syndrome
48
Logical Images Inc.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) 1
? Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson
syndrome and TEN
?Probably variants of the same disease process.
The difference is in severity and body surface

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

area affected
?TEN affects >30% of BSA
? Exposure to drugs, chemical agents, infections
?Sulfa, PCN, barbiturates, phenytoin, al opurinol,
NSAIDs

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

?Mycoplasma, HSV
? Toxic patient, large bul ae, mucous membranes,
widespread systemic manifestations
49

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) 2

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Separation of dermal-epidermal junction
? Nikolsky's sign: Skin peels off with light
pressure
? Older age group has high mortality
? Increased mortality from dehydration and 2?

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

infection
? Primary causes of death: Sepsis, pneumonia
? Treatment: Admit to ICU
50

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

51
Logical Images Inc.

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
1
52

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Logical Images Inc.

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
53
Logical Images Inc.

Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Usual y children <2 years old
? Staph aureus exotoxin
? Fever, scarlatiniform rash fol owed by
exfoliation
? Nikolsky's sign: Skin peels off with light

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

pressure
? Antibiotics (vancomycin) indicated, but do not
alter cutaneous disease
? More favorable prognosis than TEN
? Steroids are contraindicated

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

54

Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
55
Med-Chal enger ? EM

Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

56
Logical Images Inc.

Pemphigus Vulgaris
? Painful intradermal bul ae, 40-60 years old,
possible autoimmune etiology

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Associated with penicil amine, captopril,
phenobarbital
? Bul ae appear on normal skin, often start in mouth
? Blisters are fragile, break easily, leave red or
crusted erosions

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Mucus membranes are frequently involved
? Smal flaccid bul ae erosions, ulcerations
? Nikolsky sign positive (like TEN)
? Can be lethal: Mortality due to secondary
infection, dehydration

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Treatment: Steroids, admission, biopsy
57


Pemphigus Vulgaris
58

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


Pemphigus Vulgaris
59
Med-Chal enger ? EM

Bullous Pemphigoid
? Chronic benign bul ous eruption. Autoimmune

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

disease
? Risk factors: Age > 60, female, malignancy,
furosemide (Lasix)
? Begins with urticarial lesions, then tense blisters
up to 10 cm

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Large bul ae (2-5 cm) arise from erythematous skin
? Mucus membranes infrequently involved
? Nikolsky sign negative
? IgE deposited on basement membrane
? Course is usual y benign. Mortality much less than

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

in pemphigus
60

Bullous Pemphigoid
61


--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---


Pemphigus Vulgaris
Bullous Pemphigoid

? Fragile, smal er blisters

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Tense, larger blisters
? Painful
? Chronic
? Can be lethal
? Benign

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Positive Nikolsky's
? Negative Nikolsky's
62

Basal Cell Carcinoma
? Most common skin malignancy

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? Pearly, rolled border with central ulceration
? Not a metastasizing tumor
? Slow growing, usual y head and neck
? Seen only where hair fol icles exist
? Cure rate 100% if found early

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

63

Basal Cell Carcinoma
64

Basal Cell Carcinoma
65

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Logical Images Inc.

Malignant Melanoma
? Increasing incidence
? Ages 30-50
? Risk factors: Adulthood, dysplastic nevi, family

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

history of melanoma, fair skin, UV exposure,
congenital nevi
? Account for majority of deaths due to skin
cancer
? Sun exposed areas (head, neck, trunk)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? The greater the depth, the worse the prognosis
? Metastases are common
66

Malignant Melanoma
67

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Med-Chal enger ? EM

Malignant Melanoma
68
Logical Images Inc.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Second most common cutaneous malignancy
? Common in elderly males, fair skin, sun
exposure
? Face, lips, ears, tongue, hands
? Rapid growth, central ulcer, raised and

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

indurated border
? Metastases occur early
? Treatment: Excisional surgery, radiation
69

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

70

Squamous Cell Carcinoma
71
Logical Images Inc.

Tinea (Dermatophytosis) (1)

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Tinea capitis (scalp) and tinea barbae (beard)
?Bald, broken hair
?Scaly patch
?Edematous nodules and pustules (kerion)
? Tinea corporis (ringworm)

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

?Non-hairy parts of the body, outward
spreading, annular lesion, clear center
? Tinea pedis (athlete's foot)
? Tinea cruris (jock itch)
?Groin and inner thigh (sharp demarcation)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

?Scrotum not involved
72

Tinea (Dermatophytosis) (2)
? Causes: Trichophyton, Microsporum,
Epidermophyton

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Treatment: Antifungal (topical or oral)
73



Tinea

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Capitis
Corporus
74


Tinea Cruris

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

75


Tinea Versicolor
? Hypopigmented or
hyperpigmented

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

circular, scaly patches
? Poor hygiene, moisture
? Malassezia furfur
? Treatment: Selenium
shampoo,

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

ketoconazole shampoo
or cream
76

Spirochetes
77

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---


Leptospirosis
? Pathogenic spirochete
? Reservoirs: Rats, cattle, pigs, dogs
? Skin contact with urine of infected animal
? Contaminated water

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Hepatitis, nephritis, meningitis, coagulopathy
? Weil's disease (severe form): Jaundice,
subconjunctival hemorrhage, hepatitis, DIC
? Risk of death from hepatorenal failure
? Diagnosis by serology

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Treatment: Pen G, tetracycline, doxycycline 78

Lyme Disease (1)
? Borrelia burgdorferi (spirochete)
? Transmitted by bites of Ixodes ticks
? Tick reservoirs: Rodents, rabbits, deer

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Most do not recal tick bite
? Fever, myalgias, arthralgias, headache
? 3 stages
? Localized (rash)
? Disseminated (neurologic and cardiac)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Persistent (arthritis)
79

Lyme Disease (2)
? Erythema migrans: Annular, expanding
erythematous lesion with central clearing

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

(spares palms, soles)
? Neuro: CN VII palsy, meningitis, peripheral
neuropathy
? Cardiac: Myocarditis, pericarditis, heart block
? Diagnosis: ELISA (screening); Western blot

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? Treatment: Doxycycline, amoxicil in,
cefuroxime; macrolides if others not tolerated
? Probable risk = Test
? Probable disease = Treat
80

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


Lyme Disease
81
Logical Images Inc.

Lyme Disease
82

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Logical Images Inc.


Lyme Disease
83

Meningococcemia (1)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? N. meningitidis (encapsulated Gram
negative diplococcus)
? Broad spectrum of disease
?Bacteremia, sepsis, meningitis
? Fever, myalgias, headache, rash

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? 1-2 mm petechiae purpura
? Poor prognosis if petechiae, hypotension,
T> 40 ?C, decreased platelets, no
meningismus or leukocytosis
84

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


Meningococcemia (2)
? Prophylaxis: Close contacts, nursing home,
dormitory, family
?Prophylaxis is not indicated for brief hospital
encounter (ER patient, no close contact)

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Rifampin, Cipro for prophylaxis
? Diagnosis: CSF and blood serology, cultures
? Treatment: PCN, chloramphenicol, isolation
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome:
shock, petechiae, adrenal infarction

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

85

Meningococcemia
86
Logical Images Inc.


--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---


Meningococcemia
87

Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections(1)
? Virulent, toxin-producing bacteria

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Often seen with IVDU
? Widespread fascial and muscle necrosis,
sparing of skin
? Crepitant anaerobic cel ulitis (necrotic soft
tissues, subcutaneous gas)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Myonecrosis (clostridial, non-clostridial)
? Necrotizing fasciitis (rapid dissection and
necrosis in superficial and deep fascial
planes)
88

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---


Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections(2)
? Necrotizing fasciitis
?"Flesh-eating" bacteria
?Strep, clostridia, polymicrobial
?"Pain out of proportion" is hal mark

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

?Surgical emergency
?Pen G + imipenem, or amp + gent + clinda
?Fournier's gangrene: Necrotizing fasciitis
involving scrotum, vulvar or perianal skin
89

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---



Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections
Subcutaneous Air
90


--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections
Subcutaneous Air
91

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---


Methicillin Resistant
Staph aureus (MRSA) (1)
? Hospital acquired MRSA
?Hospitalized, dialysis, IVDU, nursing home
? Community acquired MRSA

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

?Skin and soft tissue infections
?High prevalence in many areas
?Resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics
?Milder infections: Trimethoprim/
sulfamethoxazole or clindamycin

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

?Serious infections: Vancomycin or linezolid
92

Methicillin Resistant
Staph aureus (MRSA) (2)
93

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


Toxic Shock Syndrome
? Staph aureus exotoxin
? Prolonged tampon use, packed surgical
wounds, nasal packing
? Menstruating females, postpartum, also in

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

males
? Fever, hypotension
? Rash: Diffuse, erythematous, nonpruritic,
macular
? Involvement of at least three systems

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

?Renal, hepatic, hematologic, GI,
musculoskeletal, mucosal, CNS
? Treatment: Fluids, remove source, antibiotics
? Group A Strep variant (higher mortality)
94

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


Tick-Borne Infections
95

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)(1)
? Rickettsia rickettsii (obligate intracel ular
bacterium)

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? Bite from infected tick
? Most cases seen in April-September (tick
season)
? Commonly seen in children <15
? Endemic in Southeastern US

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Fever, headache, myalgias
? Smal pink macules petechiae, purpura
(from a vasculitis) / (wrists, ankles)
96

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)(2)

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Rash begins on extremities, wrists, ankles,
palms and soles
? Spreads up trunk, spares face
? Lab: WBC count normal, left shift, mild anemia,
moderate thrombocytopenia, hyponatremia

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? Diagnosis: Clinical (don't wait for serology tests)
? Treatment: Doxycycline preferred, chloramphenicol
? Complications (due to vasculitis)
?DIC
?Loss of limbs

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

?CNS
?Lungs
?Kidneys
97

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

98
Logical Images Inc.

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
99
Logical Images Inc.

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---


Ehrlichiosis
? Clinical presentation similar to rocky mountain
spotted fever
? Transmission through tick bite
? Two types

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

?HME: human monocytic
?HGE: human granulocytic
? Fever, headache, myalgias
? Maculopapular rash
? Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hyponatremia,

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

anemia, LFTs
? Diagnosis: Clinical suspicion
? Treatment: Doxycycline, tetracycline,
chloramphenicol
? Complications: DIC, renal failure, coma, death 100

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


Babesiosis
? Tick-borne hemolytic disease, blood
transfusions
? Intra-erythrocyte protozoan parasite
? Endemic to northeastern USA

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Fever, chil s, fatigue, malaise
? Hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice
? Peripheral blood smear -- parasites in RBCs
? Usual y mild unless asplenic, elderly, or
immunosuppressed

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Treatment: Quinine plus clindamycin;
Atovaquone plus azithromycin
101

Viral Infection
102

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---


Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
? A member of the herpes virus group (dormant
until reactivated)
? The most common of the TORCHES infections
? Congenital: Chorioretinitis, jaundice,

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

hepatosplenomegaly, deafness, rash
? Acquired: Asymptomatic or mono-like il ness
? Immunocompromised: CMV retinitis, nephritis,
pneumonitis, colitis. Carries high mortality
? Diagnosis: Atypical lymphocytosis, ELISA

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? Treatment: IV ganciclovir or foscarnet
TORCHES
Toxoplasmosis, Rubella, CMV, Herpes, Epstein-Barr, Syphilis
Organisms associated with congenital transmission
103

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---


Congenital CMV
104

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
105
Logical Images Inc.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


Herpes Simplex
? HSV-1: Stomatitis, fever, decreased fluid intake,
oral lesions, corneal ulcers (steroids are
contraindicated)
? Herpetic whitlow: Vesicles grouped on digits,

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

non-surgical treatment, often misdiagnosed
? HSV-2: Painful vesicles of genitalia and anus
? Diagnosis: Viral culture, PCR
? Complications: Congenital transmission
(TORCHES), encephalitis

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Treatment: Acyclovir and analogs, vidarabine
106


Herpes Simplex
107

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---


Herpetic Whitlow
108
Logical Images Inc.

Herpes Simplex ? Genital
109

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Logical Images Inc.

Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
? Varicel a-zoster virus reactivation
? Painful vesicles in dermatome distribution
? Cranial nerve involvement

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

?HZ ophthalmicus: Opthalmic branch of CN V,
lesion seen on tip of nose (Hutchinson's sign),
vision- threatening
?Ramsay Hunt: CN VII, zoster presenting with
facial nerve palsy, ear pain

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Complications: Pneumonia, meningitis, post-
herpetic neuralgia, 2? infection, dissemination
? Treatment: Acyclovir and analogs, prednisone
110

Herpes Zoster

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

111
Logical Images Inc.

Herpes Zoster
112
Logical Images Inc.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


Herpes Zoster
113
Med-Chal enger ? EM

Acquired Immune Deficiency (1)
? HIV types 1, 2 (RNA retroviruses)

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? Virus multiplication in CD4 lymphocytes
? CDC classification:
?Group l: Acute mono-like infection
seroconversion
?Group II: Asymptomatic infection

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

?Group III: Lymphadenopathy >3 months
?Group IV: AIDS (CD4 <200, opportunistic
infections)
114

Acquired Immune Deficiency (2)

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Pneumocystis (PCP) is the most frequent
infection
?CXR: bilateral infiltrates, hypoxemia
?Treatment: TMP/SMX, steroids
? Cryptococcal meningitis

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

?Most common CNS fungal infection
?Diagnosis: CSF (India ink, cryptococcal antigen)
?Treatment: amphotericin B
? Toxoplasmosis
?Most common cause of encephalitis

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

?Diagnosis: CT (ring-enhancing lesions)
?Treatment: pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine
? Oral candida is most common GI tract infection
115


--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Oral Candidiasis
116

Kaposi's Sarcoma
? Second most common AIDS manifestation
? Seen in men who have sex with men (MSM)

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Not a cause of significant morbidity or mortality
? Purple, painless, non-pruritic areas, flush with
skin or raised strawberry-like plaques
? Persist, enlarge, coalesce, may bleed
? Extracutaneous involvement: GI tract, liver,

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

spleen, lungs, CNS
117


Kaposi's Sarcoma
118

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---


Kaposi's Sarcoma
119
Logical Images Inc.

Molluscum Contagiosum
? Viral infection of skin (poxvirus)

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? 2-5 mm umbilicated, pink, dome-shaped
papules
? Autoinoculation: Common locations are face,
trunk, extremities (children), groin and genitalia
(adults). Usual y self-limited

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? Transmission: Close personal contact,
swimming pools. Sexual transmission is
common in adults
? HIV/AIDS: Not uncommon, lesions can be
extensive and atypical

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

120



Molluscum Contagiosum
121

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---


Infectious Mononucleosis
? Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
? Common in adolescents. Usual y
asymptomatic in infants and children
? Fever, exudative pharyngitis, splenomegaly,

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

lymphadenopathy, atypical lymphocytosis
? Complications: Splenic rupture,
thrombocytopenia
? Diagnosis: Monospot, serology
? Amoxicillin almost always causes a

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

maculopapular rash (may be diagnostic)
? Treatment: Rest, supportive, no contact sports
122



--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Mononucleosis
80
123

Common Pediatric Rashes
124

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---


TORCHES
? A col ection of congenital infections that
can cause severe fetal abnormalities that
are associated with a variety of dermatologic
manifestations

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

?T = Toxoplamosis
?oR = Rubel a
?C = Cytomegalovirus (most common)
?H = Herpes simplex / HIV / Hepatitis
?E = Epstein-Barr

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

?S = Syphilis
125

Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)
? Human Parvovirus B19
? Fever, myalgias, diarrhea, URI symptoms, flu

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

symptoms
? Rash: Abrupt onset, bright red cheeks
(slapped cheeks), tiny papules on
erythematous base, eyelids and chin spared
? "Lace-like" erythematous rash on limbs, trunk

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Complications: Arthritis, aplastic crisis
(especial y in sicklers)
? Can cause fetal anemia if acquired during
pregnancy
? Treatment: NSAIDs

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

126


Erythema Infectiosum
127

Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Coxsackie virus (enterovirus)
? Occurs in outbreak
? Fecal-oral transmission
? Fever, sore throat, malaise, URI
? Oral lesions: Painful vesicles on anterior mouth

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

(buccal mucosa, tongue, soft palate, gingiva)
? Skin lesions: Red papules (change to gray
vesicles) on palms, soles, buttocks
? Vesicles on hands, feet, soles
? Avoid viscous lidocaine in young children

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

because of risk of seizures
128

Hand Foot and Mouth Disease
129
Logical Images Inc.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


Hand Foot and Mouth Disease
130

Hand Foot and Mouth Disease
131
Logical Images Inc.

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---


Herpangina
? Coxsackie virus
? Fecal-oral transmission, preschool age,
spreads to siblings
? Fever, dysphagia, drooling, vomiting,

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

headache
? Ulcerative lesions (vesicles rupture, leaving
painful ulcers on posterior pharynx, soft palate,
uvula)
? Complications are rare

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Resolves in 1 week
Anterior mouth spared
132


Herpangina

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

133

Henoch-Sch?nlein Purpura
? Most common acute vasculitis affecting children
? Preceding Strep or GI infection (Salmonel a,
Shigel a)

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Ages 2-10, abdominal pain, GI bleeding,
hematuria
? Palpable purpura (legs, buttocks)
? Thrombocytopenia is absent
? Complications: Arthritis, glomerulonephritis,

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

hematuria, GI bleeding, intussusception
? Renal consult
? Usual y resolves spontaneously
134

Henoch-Sch?nlein Purpura

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

135
Logical Images Inc.

Henoch-Sch?nlein Purpura
136
Logical Images Inc.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


Henoch-Sch?nlein Purpura
137
Logical Images Inc.

Kawasaki's Disease (1)
? Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? About 2,000 cases/yr in the U.S.
? Acute, febrile, exanthematous disease of
children (age 2-5, males, Asian)
? Self-limited vasculitis with predilection for
coronary arteries

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Cause unknown
? Possibly an immune response to bacterial
infection, since it occurs in outbreaks
138

Kawasaki's Disease (2)

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Major criteria: Fever >5 days PLUS 4 of the
following
?Conjunctival injection (bilateral)
?Strawberry tongue, fissures, lips cracked
?Desquamation or swel ing of fingers and toes

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

?Erythematous rash (starts on palms and soles)
?Enlarged (15mm or greater) cervical lymph
nodes
? WBC, ESR, platelets
? Coronary artery aneurysms

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Treatment: Aspirin, IV immunoglobulin

139

Kawasaki's Disease
140

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Med-Chal enger ? EM


Kawasaki's Disease
141

Impetigo

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Staph. aureus, Strep. pyogenes
? Superficial epidermis, no fever, highly contagious
? Preschool, young adults, poor hygiene
? Red, moist vesicles
? Painless, honey-crusted lesions

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? Rarely causes glomerulonephritis (antibiotics do
not prevent this)
? Treatment: Dicloxacil in, cephalosporin,
erythromycin, mupirocin ointment
? Bul ous impetigo suggests Staph infection

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

142

Impetigo

143
Med-Chal enger ? EM

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


Bullous Impetigo

144
Logical Images Inc.

Impetigo

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


145
Logical Images Inc.

Impetigo

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

146
Logical Images Inc.

Impetigo

147

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Logical Images Inc.

Rubella (German Measles)
? Acute viral il ness (fever, sore throat, headache)
? "Three day measles"
? Rash (pink macules spread from head to feet)

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Prominent lymphadenopathy:
posterior auricular, cervical, occipital
? Complications
?Arthritis (immune complex)
?Encephalitis

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

?1st trimester pregnancy (congenital defects)
148


Rubella
149

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


Rubella
150
Logical Images Inc.

Rubeola (Measles)
? Fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza (3 "C"s)

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? Koplik spots: Buccal mucosa (before rash),
non-tender, tiny white spots ("grains of salt")
? Maculopapular, red-brown "morbil iform" rash
spreads from head to feet
? Complications: Encephalitis, pneumonia,

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

otitis media, conjunctivitis
151

Measles
152
Logical Images Inc.

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---


Measles
153
Logical Images Inc.

Measles
154

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Logical Images Inc.

Koplik's Spots
155
Med-Chal enger ? EM

Roseola Infantum

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Exanthem subitum
? Human herpes viruses (HHV) 6 and 7
? Common at ages 6-18 months
? High fever (3-4 days), then rash with
defervescence

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Febrile seizures are common
? Pink macules and papules on trunk
? May spread to neck, face, extremities
156


--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Roseola
157

Pediculosis (Lice)
? Head lice
?Scalp and neck (erythema, scaling)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

?Nits (eggs) attached to the hair shaft
? Body lice
?Linear excoriations, nits in seams of clothing
? Pubic lice (crabs)
?Sexual y transmitted

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

?Intense pruritus, papular urticaria on thighs and
abdomen
? Treatment: Extensive cleaning of clothing and
bedding, pediculicide creams and shampoos
(pyrethrin, permethrin)

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

158



Pediculosis (Lice)
159

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


Scabies
? Severe pruritus (due to hypersensitivity reaction
to scabies mite)
? Web spaces, elbow, axil a, groin (favors thin
skin)

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Red papules, vesicles, crusts, linear burrows
? Treatment: Permethrin cream, ivermectin; may
consider using lindane lotion (>2 yrs)
? "Norwegian scabies" (severe disease) seen in
immunocompromised

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

160

Scabies
161
Logical Images Inc.

Scabies

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

162
Logical Images Inc.

Scabies
163
Logical Images Inc.

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


Scabies
164
Logical Images Inc.

Scarlet Fever
? Group A beta hemolytic Strep toxin

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Sore throat, fever, headache, vomiting
? Sandpaper rash starts on flexor creases and
moves to trunk and extremities; circumoral
sparing

? "Strawberry" tongue

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Groin, axil a, antecubital areas (Pastia's lines)
? Skin peeling (palms and soles)
? Diagnosis: Throat swab, increasing ASO titer
? Treatment: Pen G
165

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


Scarlet Fever
166
Med-Chal enger ? EM

Scarlet Fever
Logical Ima 167

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

ges Inc.

Scarlet Fever
168
Logical Images Inc.

Varicella (Chicken Pox)

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Varicel a zoster virus
? Fever, malaise, URI
? Macules, papules vesicles ("dewdrop on a
rose petal") that come in crops crusts
? Complications (mostly adults): Pneumonia,

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

encephalitis, otitis media, 2? infection
? Treatment: Acyclovir or analogues
? Avoid salicylates (Reye's syndrome)
? Prevention: Immune globulin if
immunocompromised or pregnant, vaccine in

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

kids and non-immune adults
169


Chicken Pox
170

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---




Chicken Pox
171

Varicella

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

172
Logical Images Inc.

Varicella
173
Logical Images Inc.

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---


Varicella
174
Logical Images Inc.

Six Childhood Infectious
Diseases Associated with Rashes

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Infection
Characteristics
Measles
Rash begins at head and goes down
(Rubeola)

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis (the 3 C's)
Chicken pox
Macules to papules to vesicles to crusted lesions
(Varicela)
Varying stages simultaneously

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

German measles
Rash begins at head and goes down
(Rubel a)
Three day measles
Prominent lymphadenopathy

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Scarlet fever
Strep throat with sand paper truncal rash
Erythema infectosum Slapped cheeks
(Fifth Disease)
Roseola Infantum

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Fever, then truncal rash when fever is gone
(Sixth Disease)
175

Occupational Exposures (1)
Hepatitis B

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? HB Surface antigen = Infectious
? HB Surface antibody = Protective
? HB e antigen = Highly infectious
? Per the CDC, a needle stick or cut exposure if
not successful y vaccinated = 6-30%

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Risk is at the high end of the range (25-30%) if
source is HBeAg-positive
176

Occupational Exposures (2)
Hepatitis B vaccination

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

? Very safe vaccine
? Three-dose series (0, 1, 6 months)
? Test for seroconversion (desired antibody level
>10 mIU/mL)
? Repeat series if non-responder

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? No boosters if responder
Hepatitis B Immune Globulin (HBIG)
? Passive immunization (pooled antibodies)
? Effective within 1 week of exposure
177

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---


Occupational Exposures (3)
? Management of possible hepatitis B
exposure
?Test source for HB surface antigen
?Test exposed patient for HB surface antibody

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Exposure to HBsAg-positive source
? If the healthcare worker is unvaccinated, give HBIG
and start the vaccine series
? If the healthcare worker has protective levels of
antibody (>10 mIU/mL), no treatment is needed

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

? Special circumstances (known non-responders,
partial y vaccinated) -- look it up!
178

Occupational Exposures (4)
Hepatitis C

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

? Percutaneous transmission is common
? Sexual transmission is rare
? Per the CDC, after a cut or needle stick
exposure the seroconversion risk about 2%
? Test source for anti-HCV

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? No effective post-exposure prophylaxis
? If positive do serial tests of the healthcare
worker for anti-HCV and liver enzymes
179

Occupational Exposures (5)

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

HIV exposure
? Transmission after percutaneous exposure
0.3%
? Risk of transmission is increased when
?Contaminating device is visibly contaminated

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

with blood
?A needle is placed directly into a blood vessel
?Injury is deep
?Contamination is with a hol ow bore needle
?Source is likely to have a heavy viral load (as

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

occurs in terminal HIV)
? Post-exposure prophylaxis recommended for
significant HIV exposures
180

Occupational Exposures (6)

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
? For HIV-positive exposures
? HIV test source and healthcare worker
? Start medications within 1-2 hours of
exposure

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

? Multi-drug protocols are standard
? Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (e.g.,
zidovudine, lamivudine) and protease
inhibitors are used
? Side effects often limit treatment

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

? PEP is continued for 4 weeks
? Consult ID for most cases
181

DERMATOLOGY
QUESTIONS

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Review the picture on the slide and then answer the
question on the slide that follows.

182


DE 1 183 1

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---


Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.It is usual y fol ows a benign course
B.Mucus membranes are rarely involved
C.Nikolsky sign is negative

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

D.The lesions are painless
E.The vesicles a fragile and break easily
DE 1 184 1

DE 2 185 2

Which of the following is TRUE

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

about the above slide?
A.It is a type of acute hypersensitivity
B.Linear pattern helps make the
diagnosis
C.Steroids are contraindicated

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

D.The blister fluid contains antigen
E.The rash does not itch
DE 2 186

DE 3 187
Med-Chal enger ? EM 3

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.Aplastic crisis may be a complication
B.No other symptoms are associated
with this rash

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

C.NSAIDs should be avoided
D.The rash starts after the patient
defervesces
E.The chin and eyelids are usual y
involved

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

DE 3 188 1

DE 4 189 5

Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.It does not require antibiotic treatment

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

B.It is cause by Staph
C.Skin peeling is uncommon
D.The circumoral area is spared
E.The rash is seen on extensor surfaces
DE 4 190 1

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---



DE 5 191 6

Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.Antibiotics are indicated

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

B.It is caused by a virus
C.It is contagious
D.It is seen more often in children and
young adults
E.It wil resolve within a week

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

DE 5 192 1

DE 6 193 7
Med-Chal enger ? EM

Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

A.It is not tender
B.It is not warm
C.It is seen only in the elderly
D.The rash tends to be generalized
E.Treatment is with penicil in or

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

doxycycline
DE 6 194 1

DE 7 195 8

Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

A.It is a marker for systemic disease
B.It is more common in men
C.It resolves quickly (in a couple of
days)
D.Lesions are most commonly found on

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

the anterior forearms
E.The lesions are painless
DE 7 196 1

DE 8 197
19

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---


Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.Diagnosis is made by culturing the
offending organism
B.It is acquired by a mosquito bite

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

C.It is treated with antiviral agents
D.Patients may have cranial nerve
palsies
E.The rash involves the palms and
soles

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

DE 8 198 1

DE 9 199 9

Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.It is the most serious form in a

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

spectrum of disease
B.Lesions are asymmetric
C.Target lesions are rare
D.The lesions al desquamate
E.The patient may be taking phenytoin

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

DE 9 200 1

DE 10
201
12

Which of the following is TRUE

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

about the above slide?
A.Affects less than 25% of the body
surface area
B.ICU admission is recommended
C.Is unrelated to Stevens Johnson

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

syndrome
D.Nikolsky's sign is negative
E.Rarely associated with exposure to
drugs
DE 10

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

202
1

DE 11
203
13

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---


Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.Aspirin should be avoided
B.Cerebral artery vasculitis and
aneurysms are a complication

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

C.Desquamation is uncommon
D.Fever duration of over 5 days is a
diagnostic criterion
E.Seen in patients up to age 18 years
DE 11

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

204
1

DE 12
205
30

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---


Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.Cough is rare
B.It is one of the "TORCH" infections
C.Koplik's spots may be found in the

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

mouth
D.Posterior lymphadenopathy is
characteristic
E.The rash typical y lasts three days
DE 12

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

206
1

DE 13
207
29

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Med-Chal enger ? EM

Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.Complications are common in children
B.It may be accompanied by fever and

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

malaise
C.Salicylates are indicated
D.There is no vaccine for this infection
E.The lesions al develop
simultaneously

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

DE 13
208
1

DE 14
209

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---


Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.Blisters can be large and tense
B.It has a high mortality rate
C.Mucus membranes are frequently

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

involved
D.Nikolsky sign is positive
E.This rash is usual y an acute process
DE 14
210

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

1

DE 15
211
26

Which of the following is TRUE

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

about the above slide?
A.It is caused by a bacteria
B.It is spread by respiratory
transmission
C.Lesions are also seen on the torso

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

D.Mouth lesions spare the anterior
mouth
E.Sore throat and URI symptoms may
be seen
DE 15

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

212
1

DE 16
213
20

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Med-Chal enger ? EM

Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.It is caused by a virus
B.It is seen most commonly in the winter

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

C.It is transmitted by a tick bite
D.The rash begins on the trunk and
spreads to the extremities
E.The rash often involved the face
DE 16

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

214
1

DE 17
215
27

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---


Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.Immunocompromised patients are not
at increased risk of severe disease
B.The axil a and groin tend to be spared

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

C.The rash is due to a hypersensitivity
reaction
D.The rash is not itchy
E.Treatment is to wash the skin off
DE 17

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

216
1


DE 18
217

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

23

Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.Does not resolve without intervention
B.GI bleeding is a complication

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

C.It is the most common acute vasculitis
affecting adults
D.The rash associated with a viral
infection
E.Thrombocytopenia is common

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

DE 18
218
1


DE 19

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

219
24

Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.Bul ous lesions suggest a Staph

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

infection
B.Fever is common
C.It is a deep skin infection
D.It is not contagious
E.It is painful

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

DE 19
220
1

DE 20
221

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

21

Which of the following is TRUE
about the above slide?
A.Antibiotics are indicated
B.Diagnosis is made by wound culture

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

C.The causative organism is not one
of the TORCH infections
D.The causative organism may also
cause oral lesions
E.The lesions should be incised and

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

drained
DE 20
222
1

Dermatology Answer Key

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

1. E
11. D
2. B
12. C
3. A

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

13. B
4. D
14. A
5. D
15. E

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

6. E
16. C
7. A
17. C
8. D

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

18. B
9. E
19. A
10. B
20. D

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

223

Diseases Pictured
Question 1: Pemphigus Vulgaris
Question 2: Contact Dermatitis
Question 3: Fifth Disease (Erythema Infectiosum)

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Question 4: Scarlet Fever
Question 5: Pityriasis Rosea
Question 6: Erysipelas
Question 7: Erythema Nodosum
Question 8: Lyme Disease

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Question 9: Erythema Multiforme
Question 10: Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)
224

Diseases Pictured
Question 11: Kawasaki's Disease

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Question 12: Measles
Question 13: Varicel a
Question 14: Bul ous Pemphigoid
Question 15: Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
Question 16: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Question 17: Scabies
Question 18: Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
Question 19: Impetigo
Question 20: Herpetic Whitlow
225

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---