PAPER CODE: MB2019101
KALOJI NARAYANA RAO UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
WARANGAL, TELANGANA STATE - 506006
First Year M.B.B.S. (NEW REGULATION) DEGREE EXAMINATION: MARCH 2021
Biochemistry Paper-I
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Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 100
Note: Answer all questions.
Give Diagrammatic representation wherever necessary.
Long Answer Questions 2X15=30
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A 70-year-old woman was admitted with severe congestive cardiac failure. She has been unwell for about a week and was not on any medication. On examination, she was hyperventilating and was very distressed. She was on oxygen mask Admission biochemistry investigations are listed below:
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pH-7.58, HCO3, -19mmol/L, pCO2 -21mm Hg, pO2-154 mm Hg
- What are the critical course of events that will alter her acid base status?
- What acid base abnormalities would you expect in her based on the above information?
- Discuss the compensatory mechanisms which will take place in this patient.
- Will electrolyte analysis help in this patient? If yes, how?
- Which sample is sent for analysis of the blood gases? Name the precautions which need to be taken during collection and transport of the sample. (4+3+4+2+2)
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What are isoenzymes? What are the different ways in which isoenzymes can be identified?
Discuss the clinical importance of isoenzymes of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).
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Short Answer Questions: 8X5=40
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Explain the electron transport chain. Mention the sites of ATP synthesis. Add a note on inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation. (1+2+2)
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Enumerate the gluconeogenic substrates and describe the reactions of gluconeogenesis. (2+3)
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Describe the formation and fate of ketone bodies. Add a note on ketosis. (3+2)
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Using a neat and labelled diagram explain the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane. Discuss the importance of membrane lipids. (3+2)
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What are lipoproteins? Discuss the functions of different lipoprotein fractions obtained on electrophoresis (1+4)
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Classify hormones based on the chemical nature. Discuss in detail the mechanism of action of steroid hormones (2+3)
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What do you understand by phase-2 reactions of detoxification? Explain the concept using example of bilirubin. (2+3)
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What are mucopolysacharides? Discuss the different types along with their chemistry and function. (2+3)
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Very Short Answer Questions: 10X3=30
- Importance of carnitine shuttle pathway.
- Hypersensitivity reactions
- Write in brief about therapeutic utility of enzymes with examples.
- What are normal levels of serum electrolytes? List out a few causes of hyperkalemia. (2+1)
- Oxidative stress and its effects
- Significance of uronic acid pathway.
- Chemistry and functions of Cholesterol. (1+2)
- Explain the triple helical structure of collagen molecule.
- What are the principles of photometry? Define them. (1+2)
- What is plasma osmolality? Mention its clinical importance. (1+2)
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