Download WBUHS MBBS 1st Sem and 2nd Sem Question Bank

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ANATOMY Chapterwise questions of 1st and 2nd semester (Brought to you by ALL INDIA DSO)

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SUPERIOR EXTREMITY

LONG QUESTION(12MARKS)

1. Describe the median nerve under following headings
   1. Root value
   2. Course
   3. Branching

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   4. Pointing index finger.
   5. Carpal tunnel syndrome.1+4+3+2+2(MMC)
2. Enumerate the branches of brachial artery. Name the structures piercings the inter muscular septum of arm. write distribution of various groups of axillary lymph nodes with their different afferent and efferent channels. What is retro-mammary space and ligament of Cooper?2+1+1+4+2+2(NRS)
3. Describe wrist joint under following heading
   1. Type of joints

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   2. Ligaments
   3. Movements and muscle
   4. Applied importance

Short answer type(7marks)

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1. What is Erbs palsy? Mention the position of the limb in Erbs palsy with explanation 2+5 (IPGMER)
2. Describe the mid-palmar space with its applied importance.(5+2)(BMC)
3. Describe the course and distribution of median nerve in hand. What is carpal tunnel syndrome? (5+2)(BMC)
4. Abduction movement of shoulder joint. 7(BANKURA)
5. Write about Radial Nerve under following heading: origin, course, branches, clinical importance. (1+2+2+2)(CNMC)

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6. Describe the lymphatic drainage with clinical importance of mammary gland. 5+2(KPC)

7. What are the palmer spaces? Describe the thenar muscles with there nerve supply and actions. (NBMCH)
8. A person had an accidental injury inflicted by a broken glass on the medial aspect of the distal part of right forearm. Seven days after successful repair of skin and soft tissue he complained of loss of sensation of ring and little fingers and inability to make a fist. What might be the possible structure that had damaged? Explain the sensory and motor dysfunctions anatomically1+6 (MALDA)

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9. What are components of brachial apparatus? Write briefly on development of thyroid gland with deformities of it. (1+4+2)(NRS)
10. What are the different groups of axillary lymph nodes? Give a brief account of the afferent and efferant lymphatics of the axillary lymph nodes(MCK)
11. Name the nerve that may be injured due to fracture of shaft of humerus. Name the muscles supplied by it and teh clinical condition produced after injury.(RGK)
12. A patient presents with diffuse swelling of the palm following pin prick injury in the web space between little and ring finger. Explain anatomically. Describe the boundaries of the area affected.(KALYANI)

Short Notes(3 marks)

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1. Mid Palmar space (IPGMER)
2. Carpal tunnel syndrome(BANKURA)
3. Axillary lymph node (BANKURA)
4. Radial Artery(CNMC)
5. Sup radio ulner joint (KPC)

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6. Deep Palmar arch(CMSDH)
7. Q angle(MMC)
8. Lumbricals of hand(MCK)
9. First carpo-metacarpal joint (RGK)
10. 3)Lumbricals of hand(RGK)

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11. Dinner fork deformity of wrist joint(RGK)
12. Radial nerve injury in radial groove(JOKA)

EXPLAIN WHY(3 MARKS)

1. Ulnar paradox (IPGMER)
2. Peau-de orange appearance of the skin overlying carcinoma of the breast. (MALDA) (BANKURA)

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3. Winging of scapula(BMC)
4. Peau d' orange(BMC)
5. Bone pain in case of breast carcinoma(CNMC)
6. Erb's palsy(KPC) (CMSDH)

7. Shoulder joint is the most commonly dislocated major joint.(MMC)
8. Ca breast causes pain along the medial side of arm(MMC)
9. Range of adduction of wrist is more than abduction (NRS)
10. Ulnar claw hand. (MCK)

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INFERIOR EXTREMITY

LONG QUESTION(12 MARKS)

1. During a football match a player gets injured after a foul play.A painfull swelling appeared in the inner aspect of his knee joint. On investigation it revealed "unhappy triad of knee joint"
   1. Enumerate the components of injury of
   2. Enumerate the bones forming the knee joint and ligaments of knee joint
   3. Eescribe different stages of locking and unlocking movement of knee joint 3+(1+4)+4 (IPGMER)

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2. Enumerate the important ligaments of the knee joint. What is the mechanism of locking and unlocking of the knee joint? Mention the main movements of the knee joint and the muscles associated with those movement. 4+4+4(MALDA)
3. A man aged presents with fracture shaft of humerus with wrist drop which nerves involved here ? Write the course and distribution of the nerve in the arm ,forearm and hand. What is the cause of wrist drop? (1+4+5+2)(BANKURA)
4. Write about the Common Peroneal nerve under following heading: Origin,root value,course,distribution and clinical importance.(2+1+3+3+3)(CNMC)
5. Name the joints with type of Inversion & Eversion of foot. Describe the mechanism of the movement. What is the axis of the movement ? Describe the muscles of Inversion & Eversion. 2+4+1+5(KPC)

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6. Describe the formation and termination of the Great Saphenous vein ? What are its tributaries ? What are the locations of perforating veins ? What is varicose vein ?(NMBCH)
7. Describe the Hip joints under following headings
   1. Formation of the joint.
   2. Movements of the joint with axis and muscles responsible for the movements.
   3. Clinical aspects of the joint(3+6+3)(CMSDH)

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9. Describe the hip joint under following headings
   1. Bones and ligaments forming the joint.
   2. Muscle producing movements
   3. Coxa vara

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   4. Congenital dislocation of hip.4+4+2+2(MMC)
10. Describe knee joint under following heading
    1. Type of joint
    2. Ligaments
    3. Locking and unlocking muscle and movement

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    4. Bursae around knee joint with clinical importance
11. Describe hip joint under following headings
    1. Type of joints and bone involved
    2. Ligaments
    3. Arterial supply

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    4. Coxa vara and valga

SHORT ANSWER(7 MARKS)

1. Describe the gross anatomy of the femoral sheath ( formation; compartments femoral hernia?) What are its contents? 5+2 (MALDA)
2. What are the arches of foot? Factors maintaining the medial longitudinal arch of foot?(NBMCH)

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3. Name the branches of Femoral nerve. Write short note on saphenous nerve with clinical importance. 2+3+2(NRS)
4. Describe the factors maintaing the medial longitudinal arch of the foot. (MCK)
5. What are locking and unlocking movements of the knee joint?What are the components of unhappy triad? (MSDMCH)
6. Which joints are involved in the movement of inversion and eversion.What are the axis of these movements?enumerate the invertors and evertors of foot? Name the the nerves supplying these muscles. (MSDMCH)
7. Popliteus is the unlocking muscle of the knee joint. Explain anatomically. Describe the mechanism of locking and unlocking of one joint.

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SHORT NOTE(3 Marks)

1. Iliotibial tract (IPGMER)(RGK)
2. Median arcuate ligament (MALDA)
3. Cruciate ligaments(BMC)
4. Popliteus(BMC)

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5. Spring Ligament(CNMC)
6. Pectineus muscle (CMSDH)
7. Saphenous open(JOKA)
8. Arteria dorsalis pedis (JOKA)

EXPLAIN WHY(3MARKS)

1. Intracapsular fracture of neck of femur may cause avascular necrosis of head of femur (IPGMER) (MCK)
2. Medial meniscus is more susceptible to damage than lateral meniscus of the knee joint (MALDA)
3. Why fracture of neck of femur cause avascular necrosis (BMC)

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4. Foot drop is fracture neck of fibula (BANKURA)
5. Anterior Compartment Syndrome(CNMC)
6. Lateral semilunar cartilage is not prone to injury (KPC)
7. Femoral Hernia common in Female(CMSDH)
8. Resiliency of medial longitudinal arch is more than Lateral longitudinal arch(NRS)

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9. Bluish pigmented ulcer over the medial malleolus in a bus conductor(RGK)
10. Downhill running ankle injury most common(MMC)
11. Soleus muscle called peripheral heart(MMC)
12. Fracture neck of talus causes avascular necrosis(MMC)
13. Medial meniscus is more susceptible to injury/MASA

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14. Peroneus Longus muscle help in maintaining both longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot(KALYANI)

ABDOMEN

LONG QUESTIONS (12marks)

1. A 65 year old male patient of carcinoma prostate attends surgery OPD with acute onset of low back pain. On lateral view of x-ray of LS Spine, reveals metastatic spread of carcinoma to vertebral column.
   1. Justify the proneness of metastatic spread of carcinoma to vertebral column
   2. Enumerate the zones of prostrate

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   3. What are the capsules of prostrate and why are they so called such?
   4. Draw a proper labelled diagram of the interior of prostratic urethra 2+2+3+5 (IPGMER)
2. Give an account of anal canal under the following headings:
   1. Gross subdivisions.
   2. Important structures related to it.

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   3. Blood supply.
   4. Anatomy of haemorrhoids. 2+4+4+2 (MALDA)

3. A person presented with inguino-scrotal swelling. On examination it was found to be inguinal hernia. What is inguinal Hernia ? What are the different types of inguinal hernia ? How do you differentiate between them? What are the defence mechanisms to prevent inguinal Hernia ? What is hesselbach's Triangle? (1+1+3+5+2)(BMC)
4. A young Man aged 26 years presented with an inguinal scrotal swelling it was diagnosed inguinal hernia what is the type of hernia in this case. what are the different types ? mention the different boundaries of inguinal canal.what do you understand by the term shutter mechanism ? (1+2+5+4)(BANKURA)
5. 1. Write about coverings of Kidney.
   2. Draw a diagram of coronal section of Kidney.
   3. what are the posterior relations of Kidney.

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   4. what are the causes of renal agenesis.(3+3+3+3)(CNMC)
6. Name and describe the different peritoneal folds attached to Liver. Describe classical Hepatic lobule. 6+6(KPC)
7. Define the rectus Sheath. Give its formation at different levels. What are the contents of the rectus sheath? What are tendinous intersections ?(NBMCH)
8. Write down the clinico-anatomical importance of umbili. Enumerate the arteries supply the Anterior Abdominal wall. Write the tracing of superficial fascia of Anterior Abdominal wall. Explain the collection of extraverted urine due to rupture of bulbar urethra. 4+2+3+3(NRS)

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9. Describe the pancreas under the following heading: i) Presenting parts and relations of head of pancreas ii) Development iii) Histology (MCK)
10. Describe the different parts of nephron. Write the branching of renal artery up to the smallest branch?(RGK)
11. What are the different parts of duodenum? Describe the relations of third part of the duodenum with diagram. How does the common bile duct drain in the duodenum? What are the developmental origins of duodenum?(RGK)
12. A middle aged male patient, with acute pain in epigastric region and vomiting attends medical emergency.On examination and investigation, he was diagnosed as a case of acute epigastric ulcer.
    1. Which region of the stomach is more prone to gastric ulcer.
    2. What are the arteries that supply the stomach and their mode of distribution

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    3. Enumerate the structures of stomach bed. (MSDMCH)

13. Following a motor bike accident, a young man had to undergo splenectomy
    1. Is the spleen absolutely essential to life?

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    2. what is red pulp and white pulp of spleen?
    3. illustrate the splenic circulation with a flow chart and diagram.
    4. Enumerate the ligaments of spleen. (MSDMCH)
14. Pectinate line is an important landmark of the anal canal. Explain anatomically. Describe the feature of the mucosa and the musculature of the anal canal. Write a note on the. development of anal canal (KALYANI)

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SHORT ANSWER TYPE(7MARKS)

1. Write a note on the attachments and contents of the lesser omentum. What are the boundaries of epipolic foramen? 2+2+3 (MALDA)
2. Describe the interior of the second part of duodenum with its blood supply.(4+3)(BMC)
3. Explain the histology of the urinary bladder with diagram. What is Urothelium ? (4+3)(BMC)
4. An elderly lady with the complaint that something coming down to genitalia was diagnosed as case of prolapse of uterus. Give an account of the factors which normally prevent uterine prolapse. 7(BANKURA)

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5. 1. Draw a labelled diagram of histology of Fallopian tube.
   2. what are the different parts of Fallopian tube?
   3. Contents of Broad ligament.(3+1+3)(CNMC)
6. Describe the extrahepatic biliary apparatus with a Neat diagram (NBMCH)

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7. Name the false ligaments of liver. State within which mesogastrium development of liver takes place and what are the remnants of it ? Write from which part of the Gut liver bud develops ? (NBMCH)
8. What is anteversion and anteflexion of uterus ? Describe the ligaments, muscular and visceral supports of uterus. What is prolapse of uterus ? (2+4+1)(NBMCH)
9. Microcirculation of spleen(MMC) 7
10. Brief description of male urethra (MMC)
11. Vaginal infection more common in infancy and after menopause.(MMC)

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12. Enumerate different parts of male urethra. Write down brief about prostatic urethra. Write short note on hypospadias with embryological explanation.1+3+3(NRS)

13. Compare the relations of the anterior surface of the kidneys.Give outlines of development of metanephric kidney.(MCK)
14. Describe the microscopical structure of suprarenal gland(MCK)

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15. A patient present with obstructive jaundice following cancer of the head of pancreas. Explain anatomically. Describe the structure involved under the following heading-i. Parts with important relation and Development. (KALYANI)
16. Why injury of ilioinguinal nerve above the inguinal canal cause direct inguinal hernia? Describe the defensive mechanism of inguinal canal.2+ 5(KPC)

SHORT NOTES (3MARKS)

1. Meckel's diverticulum (BANKURA)(MCK)
2. Histology of pancreas (CNMC)

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3. Pectinate line of anal canal (KPC)
4. Relation of Left kidney(KPC)
5. Lymphatic drainage of stomach(MMC)
6. Blood supply of stomach (NRS)
7. Epiploic foramen (NRS) (MSDMCH)

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8. Pubococcygeus(MCK)
9. Imperforate anus(MCK)
10. Lesser sac(RGK)
11. The mesentery (MSDMCH)
12. Transpyloric plane(MSDMCH)

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13. Draw a labelled diagram of microstructure of duodenum (MSDMCH)
14. Pectinate line is known as the watershed line of anal canal (MSDMCH)
15. Pancreas-embryology and histology(JOKA)
16. Omental bursa (KALYANI)
17. Superficial perineal pouch (KALYANI)

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18. Prostatic urethra (KALYANI)
19. Portocaval anastomosis (JOKA)
20. Renal fascia (JOKA)
21. Hemorrhoids(JOKA)

EXPLAIN WHY(3 MARKS)

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1. In case of ruptured membranous urethra extravasations of urine may reach up to axilla but cant extend to the front of the thigh (IPGMER)
2. Lesser curvature of stomach is more prone to ulcerarion (IPGMER)
3. Involuntary passage of urine through the vaginal orifice (MALDA)
4. In upper paramedian incision in abdominal surgery, rectus abdominals muscle is retracted laterally.(MALDA)

5. Why ulceration is more common along listen curvature of stomach (BMC)
6. Physiological umbilical hernia (BANKURA)
7. An old man suffering from carcinoma of prostate develops vertebral metastasis (BANKURA)
8. Explain nerve supply of urinary bladder (CNMC)

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9. Portal hypertension may cause blood vomiting(KPC)
10. Varicosity in left testicular vein is common (KPC)
11. Inflammation of appendix causes pain around the umbilicus(KPC)
12. perineal membrane is more tough in male(NRS)
13. Polycystic kidney(NRS)

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14. Pudendal nerve block is not sufficient for scrotal surgery.(MCK)
15. Projectile vomiting of a new born after feeding(RGK)
16. Physiological hernia (JOKA)
17. On rate occasion caecum and appendix may not be located in the right iliac fossa (KALYANI)
18. Indirect hernia protrudes lateral to the Hesselbach's triangle. (KALYANI)

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NEUROANATOMY

LONG QUESTIONS (12marks)

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