MUHS MBBS Syllabus-1st Year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year Part-I, 3rd Year Part-II || Maharashtra University of Health Sciences
Physiology Course Content First M.B.B.S. (From August 2019)
(Based on Medical Council of India, Competency based Undergraduate Indian Medical Graduate, 2018. Vol. 1; page no.91-111)
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Teaching hours Lectures(hours)-160 Self directed learning-10 25 Small group teachings/tutorials/Integrated teaching/Practicals(hours)-310 Total(hours) -495 Early clinical exposure divided equally in all three subjects.
| Competency No. | Topics & subtopics |
|---|---|
| 1 | General Physiology |
| PY. 1.1 | Structure and Functions of a Mammalian Cell |
| PY. 1.2 | Principles of Homeostasis |
| PY. 1.3 | Intercellular communication |
| PY. 1.4 | Apoptosis - Programmed cell death |
| PY. 1.5 | Transport mechanisms across cell membranes |
| PY. 1.6 | Fluid compartment of the body, its ionic composition & measurements |
| PY. 1.7 | Concept of pH & Buffer systems in the body |
| PY. 1.8 | Molecular basis of resting membrane potential and action potential in excitable tissue |
| PY. 1.9 | Methods used to demonstrate the functions of the cells and its products, its communication Clinical care and research. |
| 2 | Topic: Hematology |
| PY. 2.1 | Composition & functions of blood components |
| PY. 2.2 | Original, forms, variations and functions of plasma proteins |
| PY. 2.3 | Synthesis and functions of Hemoglobin & explain its breakdown. Describe variants of hemoglobin |
| PY. 2.4 | RBC formation (erythropoiesis & its regulation) and its functions |
| PY. 2.5 | Types of anaemias & Jaundice |
| PY. 2.6 | WBC formation (granulopoiesis) & its regulation |
| PY. 2.7 | Formation of platelets, functions & variations |
| PY. 2.8 | Physiological basis of hemostasis and anticoagulants. Describe bleeding & clotting disorders |
| PY. 2.9 | Different blood groups and clinical importance of blood grouping, blood banking and transfusion |
| PY. 2.10 | Types of immunity, development of immunity and its regulation |
| PY. 2.11 | Estimation Hb, RBC, TLC, RBC indices, DLC, Blood group, ?/? |
| PY. 2.12 | Tests for ESR, Osmotic fragility, Hematocrit, findings and interpretion of test results etc. |
| PY. 2.13 | Steps for reticulocyte and platelet count |
| 3 | Nerve and Muscle Physiology |
| PY. 3.1 | Structure and functions of a neuron and neuroglia; Nerve Growth Factor & other growth factors |
| PY. 3.2 | Types, functions & properties of nerve fibers |
| PY. 3.3 | Degeneration and regeneration in Peripheral nerves |
| PY. 3.4 | Structure neuro-muscular junction and transmission of impulses |
| PY. 3.5 | Action of neuro-muscular blocking agents |
| PY. 3.6 | Pathophysiology of Myasthenia gravis |
| PY. 3.7 | Types of muscle fibres and their structure |
| PY. 3.8 | Action potential and its properties in different muscle types (skeletal & smooth) |
| PY. 3.9 | Molecular basis of muscle contraction in skeletal and in smooth muscles |
| PY. 3.10 | Mode of muscle contraction (isometric and isotonic) |
| PY. 3.11 | Energy source and muscle metabolism |
| PY. 3.12 | Gradation of muscular activity |
| PY. 3.13 | Muscular dystrophy: myopathies |
| PY. 3.14 | Ergography |
| PY. 3.15 | Effect of mild, moderate and severe exercise and changes in cardiorespiratory parameters |
| PY. 3.16 | Harvard Step test and impact on induced physiologic parameters in a simulated environment |
| PY. 3.17 | Strength-duration curve |
| PY. 3.18 | Computer assisted learning (i) amphibian nerve - muscle experiments (ii) amphibian cardiac |
| 4 | Gastro-intestinal Physiology |
| PY. 4.1 | Structure and functions of digestive system |
| PY. 4.2 | Composition, mechanism of secretion, functions, and regulation of saliva, gastric, pancreatic secretion |
| PY. 4.3 | GIT movements, regulation and functions, defecation reflex. Role of dietary fibre. |
| PY. 4.4 | Physiology of digestion and absorption of nutrients |
| PY. 4.5 | Source of GIT hormones, their regulation and functions |
| PY. 4.6 | Gut-Brain Axis |
| PY. 4.7 | Structure and functions of liver and gall bladder |
| PY. 4.8 | Gastric function tests, pancreatic exocrine function test & liver function tests |
| PY. 4.9 | Physiology aspects of; peptic ulcer, gastro- oesophageal reflux disease, vomiting, diarrhea, ileus, Hirschsprung's disease |
| PY. 4.10 | Clinical examination of the abdomen in a normal volunteer or simulated environment |
| 5 | Cardiovascular Physiology (CVS) |
| PY. 5.1 | Functional anatomy of heart including chambers sounds; and Pacemaker tissue and conduction |
| PY. 5.2 | Properties of cardiac muscle including its morphology, electrical, mechanical and metabolic |
| PY. 5.3 | Events occurring during the cardiac cycle |
| PY. 5.4 | Generation, conduction of cardiac impulse |
| PY. 5.5 | Physiology of electrocardiogram (E.C.G.), its applications and the cardiac axis |
| PY. 5.6 | Abnormal ECG, arrhythmias, heart block and myocardial infarction. |
| PY. 5.7 | Haemodynamics of circulatory system |
| PY. 5.8 | Local and systemic cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms |
| PY. 5.9 | Factors affecting heart rate, regulation of cardiac output & blood pressure |
| PY. 5.10 | Regional circulation including microcirculation, lymphatic, coronary, cerebral, capillary, Skin splanchnic circulation |
| PY. 5.11 | Patho-physiology of shock, syncope and heart failure |
| PY. 5.12 | Blood pressure & pulse recording at rest and in different grades of exercise and postures in environment |
| PY. 5.13 | Record and interpret normal ECG in a volunteer or simulated environment |
| PY. 5.14 | Cardiovascular autonomic function tests in a volunteer or simulated environment |
| PY. 5.15 | Clinical examination of the cardiovascular system in a normal volunteer or simulated environment |
| PY. 5.16 | Recording Arterial pulse tracing using finger plethysmography in a volunteer or simulated environment |
| 6 | Respiratory Physiology |
| PY. 6.1 | Functional anatomy of respiratory tract |
| PY. 6.2 | Mechanics of normal respiration, pressure changes during ventilation, lung volume and capacity, surface tension, compliance, airway resistance, ventilation, V/P ratio, diffusion capacity of lungs |
| PY. 6.3 | Transport of respiratory gases: Oxygen and Carbon dioxide |
| PY. 6.4 | Regulation of respiration -- Neural & chemical |
| PY. 6.5 | Physiology of high altitude deep sea diving |
| PY. 6.6 | Principles of artificial respiration oxygen therapy, acclimatization and decompression sickness |
| PY. 6.7 | Pathophysiology of dyspnea, hypoxia, cyanosis asphyxia; drowning, periodic breathing |
| PY. 6.8 | Lung function tests & their clinical significance |
| PY. 6.9 | Technique to perform & interpret Spirometry |
| PY. 6.10 | Examination of the respiratory system in a normal volunteer or simulated environment |
| PY. 7.1 | Technique to perform measurement of peak expiratory flow rate in a normal volunteer or simulated |
| 7 | Renal Physiology |
| PY. 7.2 | Structure and function of kidney |
| PY. 7.3 | Structure and functions of juxta glomerular apparatus and role of renin-angiotensin system |
| PY. 7.4 | Mechanism of urine formation and processes involved |
| PY. 7.5 | Significance & implication of Renal clearance |
| PY. 7.6 | Renal regulation of fluid and electrolytes & acid-base balance |
| PY. 7.7 | Innervations of urinary bladder, physiology of micturition and its abnormalities |
| PY. 7.8 | Artificial kidney, dialysis and renal transplantation |
| PY. 7.9 | Renal Function Tests |
| 8 | Cystometry and discuss the normal cystometrogram |
| PY. 8.1 | Endocrine Physiology |
| PY. 8.2 | Physiology of bone and calcium metabolism |
| PY. 8.3 | Synthesis, secretion, transport, physiological actions, regulation and effects of altered (hypo pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas and hypothalamus |
| PY. 8.4 | Physiology of Thymus & Pineal Gland |
| PY. 8.5 | Function tests: Thyroid gland; Adrenal cortex, Adrenal medulla and pancreas |
| PY. 8.6 | Metabolic and endocrine consequences of obesity & metabolic syndrome, Stress response. component pertaining to metabolic syndrome |
| 9 | Mechanism of action of steroid, protein and amine hormones |
| PY. 9.1 | Reproductive Physiology |
| PY. 9.2 | Sex determination; sex differentiation and their abnormalities and outline psychiatry and problems of sex determination |
| PY. 9.3 | Puberty: onset, progression, states; early and delayed puberty and outline adolescent clinical association |
| PY. 9.4 | Male reproductive system: functions of testis and control of spermatogenesis & factors modulating association with psychiatric illness |
| PY. 9.5 | Female reproductive system: (a) functions of ovary and its control; (b) menstrual cycle - hormonal ovarian changes |
| PY. 9.6 | Physiological effects of sex hormones |
| PY. 9.7 | Contraceptive methods for male and female. Discuss their advantages & disadvantages |
| PY. 9.8 | Effects of removal of gonads on physiological functions |
| PY. 9.9 | Physiology of pregnancy, parturition & lactation and outline the psychology and psychiatry-consultation |
| PY. 9.10 | Interpret a normal semen analysis report including (a) sperm court, (b) sperm morphology and (c) sperm motility, as per WHO guidelines and discuss |
| PY. 9.11 | Physiological basis of various pregnancy tests |
| PY. 9.12 | Hormonal changes and their effects during perimenopause and menopause |
| 10 | Common causes of infertility in a couple and role of IVF in managing a case of infertility |
| PY. 10.1 | Neurophysiology |
| PY. 10.2 | Organization of nervous system |
| PY. 10.3 | Functions and properties of synapse, reflex, receptors |
| PY. 10.4 | Somatic sensations & sensory tracts |
| PY. 10.5 | Motor tracts, mechanism of maintenance of tone, control of body movements, posture and apparatus |
| PY. 10.6 | Structure and functions of reticular activating system, autonomic nervous system (ANS) |
| PY. 10.7 | Spinal cord, its functions, lesion & sensory disturbances |
| PY. 10.8 | Functions of cerebral cortex, basal ganglia thalamus, hypothalamus. Cerebellum and limbic abnormalities |
| PY. 10.9 | Behavioural and EEG characteristics during sleep and mechanism responsible for its production |
| PY. 10.10 | Physiological basis of memory, learning and speech |
| PY. 10.11 | Chemical transmission in the nervous system. (Outline the psychiatry element) |
| PY. 10.12 | Clinical examination of the nervous system: Higher functions, sensory system, motor system in a normal volunteer or simulated environment |
| PY. 10.13 | Normal EEG forms |
| PY. 10.14 | Perception of smell and taste sensation |
| PY. 10.15 | Patho-physiology of altered smell and taste sensation |
| PY. 10.16 | Functional anatomy of ear and auditory pathways & physiology of hearing |
| PY. 10.17 | Pathophysiology of deafness. Hearing tests |
| PY. 10.18 | Functional anatomy of eye, physiology of image formation, physiology of vision including common errors, colour blindness, physiology of pupil and light reflex |
| PY. 10.19 | Physiological basis of lesion in visual pathway |
| PY. 10.20 | Auditory & visual evoke potentials |
| 11 | (i) Testing of visual acuity, colour and field of vision and (ii) hearing (iii) Testing for smell and taste in a volunteer/ simulated environment |
| PY. 11.1 | Integrated Physiology |
| PY. 11.2 | Mechanism of temperature regulation |
| PY. 11.3 | Adaptation to altered temperature (heat and cold) |
| PY. 11.4 | Mechanism of fever, cold injuries and heat stroke |
| PY. 11.5 | Cardio-respiratory and metabolic adjustment during exercise; physical training effects |
| PY. 11.6 | Physiological consequences of sedentary lifestyle |
| PY. 11.7 | Physiology of Infancy |
| PY. 11.8 | Physiology of aging; free radicals and antioxidants |
| PY. 11.9 | Cardio-respiratory changes in exercise (isometric and isotonic) with that in the resting state environmental conditions (heat and cold) |
| PY. 11.10 | Interpretation of growth charts |
| PY. 11.11 | Interpretation of anthropometric assessment of infants |
| PY. 11.12 | Concept, criteria for diagnosis of Brain death and its implications |
| PY. 11.13 | Physiological effects of meditation |
| PY. 11.14 | History taking and general examination in the volunteer / simulated environment |
Paper wise distribution of topics Year: First MBBS Subject: Physiology
| Paper | Section | Topics |
|---|---|---|
| I | A | MCQs on all topics of the paper I |
| B & C | General Physiology | |
| Blood | ||
| Respiratory System | ||
| Cardio Vascular System, | ||
| Cardio-respiratory and metabolic adjustment during exercise | ||
| Renal system | ||
| Gastro intestinal system | ||
| Life style, aging, Meditation | ||
| AETCOM module no. 1.2 & 1.3 | ||
| Scenario based / application questions can be on any topic of the paper I | ||
| For long answer question and scenario based / application questions , topics will not be repeated | ||
| II | A | MCQs on all topics of the paper II |
| B & C | Endocrine Physiology | |
| Reproductive System, Physiology of Infancy | ||
| Special senses | ||
| Central nervous system including brain death | ||
| Temperature Regulation & applied | ||
| Nerve muscle physiology | ||
| Scenario based / application questions can be on any topic of the paper II | ||
| For long answer question and scenario based / application questions , topics will not be repeated |
Internal Assessment Physiology
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Applicable w.e.f August 2019 onwards examination for batches admitted from
| Sr. No | Theory | I-Exam (December) | Total Marks | Theory | II-Exam (March) | Total Marks | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 100 | Practical (Including 05 Marks for Journal & Log Book) | 50 | 150 | 100 | Practical (Including 05 Marks for Journal & Log Book) | 50 | 150 |
Preliminary Examinations Remedial internal assessment
| Sr. No | Theory | III-Exam (July) | Total Marks | Sr. No | Theory | October Non - eligible | Total Marks | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 200 | Practical Including 10 Marks for Journal & Log Book | 100 | 300 | 1 | 200 | Practical Including 10 Marks for Journal & Log Book | 100 | 300 |
- There will be 3 internal assessment examinations in the academic year. The structure should be similar to the structure of University examination.
- There will be only one additional examination for absent students (due to genuine reason) after Committee Constituted for the same. It should be taken after preliminary examination and before internal assessment marks to the University.
- First internal assessment examination will be held in December, second internal assessment examination in March and third internal assessment examination will be held in July.
- Internal assessment marks for theory and practical will be converted to out of 40. Internal assessment Conversion, should be submitted to university by 7th of August.
- The student must secure at least 50% marks for total marks (combined in theory and practical / clinical) and 40% marks in theory and practical separately) assigned for internal assessment in a particular subject to be eligible for appearing at the final university examination of that subject. Internal assessment marks is separate head of passing at the summative examination.
- Remedial internal assessment examination for Non - eligible students: Student who were not eligible i.e. less than 50% combined or less than 40% in any theory or practical, will re appear as repeater student which will be conducted before Supplementary Exam. His/her internal assessment will be calculated from this Examination marks only. Students who will not be eligible in this Examination will appear with repeater student.
- The internal assessment marks of the remedial examination alone shall be considered and converted.
- Conversion Formula for calculation of marks in internal assessment examinations
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| First IA | Second IA | Third IA (Prelim) | Total | Internal assessment marks: Conversion formula (out of 40) | Eligibility to appear for final (after conversion out of 40) (40% Separately in Theory and Practical Combined) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Theory | 100 | 100 | 200 | 400 | Total marks obtained / 10 | 16 (minimum) |
| Practical | 50 | 50 | 100 | 200 | Total marks obtained / 5 | 16 (minimum) |
9. Conversion formula for calculation of marks in Remedial internal assessment examination
| Remedial Exam (Prelim) | Int. Assess. marks conversion formula (out of 40) | Eligibility to appear for Supplementary (after conversion out of 40) (40% Separately in Theory and Practical Combined) | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Theory | 200 | Total marks obtained / 5 | 16 (minimum) | To |
| Practical | 100 | Total marks obtained / 2.5 | 16 (minimum) | To |
While preparing Final Marks of Internal Assessment, the rounding-off marks shall done as illustrated below:
| Internal Assessment Marks | Final rounded marks |
|---|---|
| 15.01 to 15.49 | 15 |
| 15.50 to 15.99 | 16 |
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First Year MBBS Practical Mark's Structure Internal Assessment Examinations for batch admitted in M.B.B.S Course from Academic Year 2019-20 & onwards
Physiology
| Hematology | Clinical Examination/Human Physiology expt. / Short exercises | Journal Logbook | |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | |
| Max. Marks | 15 | 20 | 5 |
First Year MBBS Physiology Practical Mark's Structure (Proposed) (Applicable w.e.f August 2019 onwards examination for batches admitted from June 2019
| Seat No. | Exercise 1 | Exercise 2 | Exercise 3* | Exercise 4** | Practical (Total) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C.V.S | R.S | C.N.S. & Special Senses | General Exam & Abdomen | Hematology | Short exercise | Human Physiology Experiment | Journal & Log book | ||
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | |
| Max. Mark's | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 10.0 | 90 |
*Short exercises 3 marks each(3X5) 1. Case based scenarios/ endocrine disorders photographs. 2. Interpretation of function tests. 3. One skeletal graph
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4. One cardiac graph 5. Calculation
** Exercise 4: Human Physiology Experiment 1. Basic Life Support in a simulated environment 2. ECG 3. Spirometry 4. 6. Ergography 7. Harward step test 8. Perimetry
* Suggested Methods of Assessment
Preclinical exam & OSPE
(Please Note - The above examination pattern will be applicable to the students admitted from Academic Year 2019-20 Medical Colleges vide University letter No
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