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  • JNTU-KAKINADA : MBA 09 Batch III & IV Semester Syllabus.

    JNTU-KAKINADA : MBA 09 Batch III & IV Semester Syllabus.

    MBA-Regular 2009-2010 (batch)

    Syllabus of III and IV Semester

    Semester III

    Subject

    Title Total Marks No. of Hours
    C-301 Cost and Management Accounting 100 4
    C-302 Business Laws 100 4
    C-303 Strategic Management 100 4
    C-304 Knowledge Management 100 4
    E-301 Elective –I 100 4
    E-302 Elective –II 100 4
    E-303 Elective –I 100 4
    E-304 Elective –II 100 4

    Semester IV

    Subject Code Title Total Marks No. of Hours
    C-401 Logistic and Supply Chain Management 100 4
    C-402 Entrepreneurship and Project Management 100 4
    C-403 Business Ethics and Governance 100 4
    E-401 Elective –III 100 4
    E-402 Elective –IV 100 4
    E-403 Elective –III 100 4
    E-404 Elective – IV 100 4
    Project Report 6
    Viva-voce

    Duel Electives

    The elective papers will be offered in the areas of Marketing, Finance, Human Resources (HR), and Systems. The students should choose any Two of the following elective areas in the beginning of the third semester of MBA. Specialization will be offered with minimum of 20 students.

    Marketing (Elective)

    I.  Services Marketing

    II. Advertising and Brand Management

    III. International Marketing

    IV Sales and Distribution Management

    Finance (Elective)

    I.   Security Analysis and Portfolio Management

    II.   Financial Institutions and Services

    III. International Financial Management

    IV. Strategic Investment and Financing Decisions

    HRM (Elective)

    I.   Global HRM

    II.   Management of Industrial Relations

    III. Performance Management

    IV. Management of Change and Development

    Systems (Elective)

    I.   Data Warehousing and Data Mining

    II.   E-Commerce.

    III.   Systems Audit

    IV.   Decision Support Systems

    III Semester

    Cost and Management Accounting

    1. Introduction to management accounting: Management accounting vs Cost accounting vs. financial accounting, role of accounting information in planning and control, cost concepts and managerial use of classification of costs. The management process and accounting.

    2. Cost analysis and control: Direct and Indirect expenses, allocation and apportionment of overheads, calculation of machine hour rate and labour hour rate.

    3. Costing for specific industries: Unit costing, job costing, cost sheet and tender and process costing and their variants, treatment of normal losses and abnormal losses, inter-process profits, costing for by-products and equivalent production.

    4. Marginal Costing: Introduction, Application of Marginal costing in terms of cost control-Income determinants under marginal cost- Absorption Cost Vs Marginal Cost. Key or Limiting Factor.

    5. Break-even-analysis: concept of cost-volume-profit relationship-Profit Planning – make or buy decision-  Selection of suitable product mix- desired level of Profits – Determination of Break even point, Break-even-graph and assumptions of BEP, importance, Margin of safety and angle of incidence. Application of BEP for various business problems.

    6. Budgetary Control: Budget, budgetary control, steps in budgetary control, Fixed vs Flexible budgets, different types of budgets: sales budget, , cash budget, production budget, master budget, budget reports for management control. Zero based budgeting.

    7. Standard Costing: Standard Cost and Standard Costing, standard costing vs. budgetary control, standard costing vs. estimated cost, standard costing and marginal costing, analysis of variance, material variance, labour variance and sales variance. -Inter-firm comparison

    8.: Case study

    References

    1. M.N.Arora: Cost and Management Accounting, Vikas Publication, New Delhi, 2009.

    2 S.P.Jain, K.L.Narang: Cost and Management Accouning, Kalyani Publications, New Delhi, 2009

    3. M.P.Pandi Kumar: Cost and Management Accounting, Excel Books, New Delhi,2008

    4. Colling Drury; Management and Cost Accounting, Cengage learning, Hyderabad, 2009

    5. Khan and Jain: Management Accounting, Tata MCGraw-Hill Publishing Co. New. Delhi, 2010

    6. Bhabatosh Banerjee: Cost Accounting, PHI Learning Private Ltd., New Delhi, 2009

    7. Horngren, Sumdem, Strattom: Introduction to Management Accounting,

    Pearson,Secundrabad, 2010

    8. Ashish K Battacharya: Cost Accounting for Business Managers, Elsevier, New Delhi, 2008

    9. Jawaharlal: Advanced Management Accounting, S.Chand and Company Ltd., New Delhi, 2010

    10. Peter Cheverton, Tim Hughes: Key Accounting Management in Financial Services, Kogan Page India Private Ltd. New Delhi,2010

    11. Hrishikesh Chakraborty, Srijit Chakraborty: Mangagemnt Accountancy, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 1997.

    12. M.E. Thukaram Rao, Management Accounting, New Age International (P) Ltd, Publishers, 2003.

    13. James Jiambalvo, Managerial Accounting, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2001.

    Business Law

    1. Importance of Commercial Law: The Indian Contracts Act, 1872 – Nature of the Act and Classification of Contracts – Essentials of a Valid Contract – Offer and Acceptance – Capacity – Consideration –Free Consent –Legality of Object –Performance of a Contract – Discharge of a Contract – Breach of a Contract and Remedies.
    2. Sales of Goods Act: Introduction to Act – Distinction between Sales and Agreement to Sell – Conditions and Warranties – Performance of Contract of Sale –Transfer of Ownership – Rights of an Unpaid Seller.
    3. Consumer Protection Act, 1986: Introduction to Act – Consumer Right –Machinery for Redressal of Consumer Grievances.- Information Technology Act 2000.
    4. Contract of Agency: Meaning and Nature of Agency – Kinds of Agents –Creation of

    Agency- Duties and Rights of Principal –Duties and Rights Agents Principal’s Liability

    for the Acts of the Agent- Personal Liability of Agent –Termination of Agency.

    1. Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881: Characteristics of Negotiable Instruments –

    Kinds of a Negotiable Instrument – Endorsement – Presentation of Negotiable Instrument –

    Discharge of a Negotiable Instrument.

    1. Indian Partnership Act, 1932: Meaning and Essentials of Partnership- Registration – Tests of Partnership-Duties and Rights of Partners – Dissolution of Partnership.

    7    Company Act,1956-Nature and Types of Companies – Formation – Memorandum

    of Association-Articles of Association –Kinds of Shares –Duties of Directors-Winding

    up.

    8   Case study

    References

    1. Ravindra Kumar:Legal Aspects of Business, Cengage learning, New Delhi,2009

    2. Pathak: Legal Aspects of Business, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2010

    3. S.N.Maheshwari, S.K.Maheshwari: A Manual of Business Laws, Himalaya Publishing

    House, Mumbai, 2009.

    4. N.D.Kapoor: Business Law, Sultan Chand, New Delhi.

    5. Chandra Bose: Business Law, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2010.

    6. S.S Gulshan: Business Law, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2010

    7. Satish B, Mathur: Business Law, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2010.

    8. S.S.Gulshan, G.K.Kapoor: Business Law Including Company Law, New-Age Publishers, New Delhi, 2008

    9. K.C.Garg, V,K.Sareen: Business Law, Kalyani Publication, New Delhi, 2007.

    10. P.K.Goyal: Business Law for Mangers, Biztntra, New Delhi, 2010

    Strategic Management

    1. Introduction:  Concepts in Strategic Management, Strategic Management as a process –Developing a strategic vision, Mission, Objectives, Policies – Factors that shape a company’s strategy – Crafting a strategy.

    2. Environmental Scanning: Industry and Competitive Analysis – Methods. Evaluating company resources and competitive capabilities – SWOT Analysis – Strategy and Competitive advantage. Strategies and competitive advantages in diversified companies and its evaluation. Strategic Analysis and Choice: Tools and techniques- Porter’s Five Force Model, BCG Matrix, GE Model,

    3. Strategic Leadership: Strategic Leadership and Style – Role of Top-Level Managers – Key Strategic Leadership Actions –  Determining strategic Directions – Developing Human Capital and Social Capital – Balanced Scorecard.

    4.  Strategy Formulation : Strategy Framework For Analyzing Competition, Porter’s Value Chain Analysis, Competitive Advantage of a Firm, Exit and Entry Barriers – Formulation of strategy at corporate, business and functional levels. Types of Strategies – Tailoring strategy to fit specific industry

    5. Restructuring and Diversification Strategies: Turnaround Strategy, Management of Strategic Change, strategies for Mergers, Acquisitions, Takeovers and Joint Ventures.-Diversification Strategy – types of diversification strategies, the concept of core competence, strategies and competitive advantage in diversified companies

    6. Strategy Implementation : Strategy and Structure, Strategy and Leadership, Strategy and culture connection – Operationalising and institutionalizing strategy – Strategies for competing in Globalising markets and internet economy – Organisational Values and Their Impact on Strategy – Resource Allocation – Planning systems for implementation.

    7. Strategy Evaluation and control – Establishing strategic controls – Measuring performance – appropriate measures- Role of the strategist – using qualitative and quantitative benchmarking to evaluate performance – strategic information systems – problems in measuring performance –Strategic surveillance -strategic audit

    8.  Case study

    References

    1 .  Vijaya Kumar P,. Hitt A : Strategic Management, Cengage learning, New Delhi,2010

    2.   Kazmi: Strategic Management and Business Policy, Tata McGraw Hill, 2009

    3.   R.Srinivasn: Strategic Mangement, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2009

    4.   Adrian Haberberg&Alison: Strategic Management, Oxford University Press, New Delhi,

    2009

    5  . P.Subba Rao: Business Policy and Strategic Management, Himalaya Publishing House, New

    Delhi, 2010

    6. .Appa Rao, Parvatheshwar Rao, Shiva Rama Krishna: Strategic Management and Business

    Policy, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2008

    1. Thompson & Strickland: Strategic Management, Concepts and Cases. Tata McGraw-Hill,

    12/e, New Delhi, 2003.

    8.    U.C.Mathur: Strategic Management, MacMillan Pulishers, New Delhi, 2009

    9.    Peter Fitxroy: Strategic Management, Wiley India, New Delhi, 2009

    10.  B.Hiriyappa: Stratagic Management, New Age Internationals, New Delhi, 2008.

    11.  Amita Mital: Cases in Stratagic Management, Tata McGraHill, New Delhi, 2008

    Knowledge Management

    1 Introduction to Knowledge Management -Definition- Scope and Significance Knowledge Management – Techniques and difficulties in Knowledge Management –  Implementation of Knowledge Management-Knowledge Management and Knowledge Sharing – Knowledge Dynamics – Principles of Knowledge Management.

    2 Essentials of Knowledge Management – Data- information- knowledge – Basic types of Knowledge – Knowledge Capital – classification of organizational Knowledge and Knowledge life cycle- organizational Knowledge processes – conversion of Knowledge Organizational Knowledge Management – Technology Enablers –

    3. Drivers of Knowledge Management – Pillars of Knowledge Management – Knowledge based products – Inventory Management – Supply Chain Planning – Seven layers of Knowledge Management – Success factors of Knowledge Management Implementation

    4 Knowledge Management Systems and Tools– Knowledge Mapping Techniques – Core issues of implementation – Methodology of implementation and Acquisition Tools- Knowledge Indexing and Processing – Knowledge analysis on-line Analytical Processing.

    5 Technologies and Knowledge Management – Information Technology and Knowledge Management – E-Commerce and KM – Total Quality Management and KM – Benchmarking – Customer Relationship and Knowledge Management – Measuring Knowledge Management

    6 Human Resources and Knowledge Management – Managing Knowledge Worker – Neuro Linguistic Programming(NLP) – Strategies for Human Capital and Talent Management – New Vistas – Job Hopping –  Knowledge  Audit – Brain Drain and Brain Gain – Effective Career Planning – Building Competitive Advantages through Training and Development

    7 Learning Organizations – Knowledge Management in Indian Organizations – Mystique of a Learning Organization – Balanced Scorecard –  Learning and Change – Managing Innovations –  Continuous Learning –  RICE Model –  Knowledge Network

    8 Case study

    References

    1        RL Nandeshwar, BalaKrishna: Change and Knowledge Management, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2010

    2        Irma Becerra, Fernandez: Knowledge Management, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2009.

    3        Sudhir Warier E: Knowledge Management Vikas Publishing House Private Limited, Hyderabad.2009

    4        Daryl Morey: Knowledge Management, University Press, New Delhi, 2009

    5        B. Rathan Reddy: Knowledge Management, Himalaya Publication, 2007.

    6        Donald Hislop: Knowledge Management in Organisation, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2009

    7        Shelda Debowskl: Knowledge Management, Wiley India, New Delhi, 2007

    8        Stuart Barnes: Knowledge Management System, Cengage learning, New Delhi, 2008

    9        Manadan Mohan Rao: Knowledge Management Tool and Techniques, Elsevier, New Delhi, 2006

    10    Rajesh C.Jampala: Knowledge Management, Duvuri Publication, 2008

    IV Semester

    Logistics and Supply Chain Management

    1. Logistics and Competitive strategy: Competitive advantage – Gaining Competitive advantage through logistics – The Mission of Logistics Management – Integrated supply chains – Supply Chain and Competitive performance – The changing logistics environment – Models in Logistics Management – Logistics to Supply Chain Management – Focus areas in Supply Chain Management.-

    2. Customer Service Dimension: The marketing and logistics interface – Customer service and customer retention – Service-driven logistics systems – Basic service capability – Increasing customer expectations – Value added services – Customer satisfaction and success – Time based logistics – Case studies.

    3. Measuring logistics costs and performance: The concept of Total Cost analysis – Principles of logistics costing – Logistics and the bottom-line – Impact of Logistics on shareholder value – customer profitability analysis –direct product profitability – cost drivers and activity-based costing.

    4. Logistics and Supply chain relationships: Benchmarking the logistics process and SCM    operations –Mapping the supply chain processes – Supplier and distributor benchmarking –setting benchmarking priorities –identifying logistics performance indicators –Channel structure – Economics of distribution –channel relationships –logistics service alliances.

    5. Sourcing, Transporting and Pricing Products: sourcing decisions in supply chain – transportation in the supply chain – transportation infrastructure – suppliers of transport services – basic transportation economics and pricing – transportation documentation – pricing and revenue management in the supply chain –

    6. Coordination and Technology in Supply Chain: Lack of coordination and Bullwhip Effect – Impact of lack of coordination. – Role of IT in the supply chain – Customer Relationship Management –Internal supply chain management – Supply chain IT in practice – Information technology and the supply chain.

    7.  Managing global Logistics and global Supply Chains: Logistics in a global economy – views of global logistics- global operating levels – interlinked global economy – The global supply chains -Global supply chain business processes –Global strategy –Global purchasing – Global logistics – Channels in Global logistics –Global alliances –Issues and Challenges in Global supply chain Management –

    8.Case study.

    References

    1. Donald J.Bowersox and David J.Closs, Logistical Management: The Integrated Supply Chain

    Process, TMH, 2003.

    2. Edward J Bradi, John J Coyle: A Logistics Approch to Supply Chain Management, Cengage learning, New Delhi, 2010.

    3. D.K.Agrawal: Logistics and Supply Chain Management, MacMillan Publishers, 2010

    4.  Sunil Chopra and Peter Meindl: Supply chain Management: Strategy, Planning and

    Operation, 2/e, Pearson Education, New Delhi 2009

    5.Rahul V Altekar: Supply Chain Management, PHI Learning Ltd, New Delhi, 2009

    6. K.Sridhar Butt: Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Himalaya Publishing, New Delhi, 2009

    7. B.Rajashekhar, Acharyulu: Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Excel Books, New Delhi,2009

    8. R.P.Mohanthy: Supply Chain Management, Biztantra, New Delhi, 2010

    9. Donald Waters: Global Logistics, Kogan page, New Delhi,2010

    10.Alane E Branch: Global Supply Chain Management and International Logistics, Routledge Publishers, New Delhi, 2009

    11. Narayan Rangaraj: Supply Chain Management in Competative Advantage, TMH, New  Delhi, 2009

    12.Anurag Sexena: Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Jaico Publishing House, New   Delhi, 2009

    Entrepreneurship and Project Management

    1: Entrepreneurship: Importance, Characteristics and Qualities of Entrepreneurship- Role of Entrepreneurship, Ethics and Social Responsibilities.

    2:   Role of Government Role of IDBI, NIESBUD, SISI, DIC Financial Institutions Commercial Banks, Entrepreneurial Development Institutes, Universities and other Educational Institutions offering Entrepreneurial Development Programme.

    3: Training: Designing Appropriate Training Programme to inculcate Entrepreneurial Spirit, Training for New and Existing Entrepreneurs, Feedback and Performance of Trainees. Women Entrepreneurship – Role & Importance, Profile Women Entrepreneur, Problems of Women Entrepreneurs,

    4  Creativity and Entrepreneurship Sources and Methods of Ideas Planning and Development of Programmes E-business Ventures; New Venture Management – Emerging Trends.

    5.  Planning and Evaluation of Projects: Growth if Firm –  Factors inducing growth- Strategic investment – Growth rate decision  – Project Feasibility Study –  Cash Flow Projections – Role of study group- Rate of Return from projects-   Project quality management techniques- Quality assurance.

    6. Risk in Corporate Investment Decision: Project Risk Analysis – Portfolio Risk- Risk Management in Corporate Investment Decision –  Post Planning of Project-  Allocation of Capital – Project Planning and Control –  Post Completion Audit- Replacement Policy

    7. International Project Management : Problems in managing International projects – Local Instaurations and culture – Geo-national issues – Project mentoring and communication – risks contingencies in International Projects.

    8: Case Study

    References

    1. Hisrich: Entrepreneurship, TMH,New Delhi, 2009

    2.   Narayana Reddy: Entrepreneurship. Cengage learning, New Delhi,2010

    1. Rajeev Roy: Entrepreneurship, Oxford University Press, New Delhi,2010
    1. V.Gangadhar, Narsimha Chary: Entreprenuership Development, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 2007
    1. H.Nandan: Fundamentals of Entreprenuership, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2009
    1. Prasanna Chandra: Projects, TMH, New Delhi, 2009.
    1. Kathrin Koster: International Project Management, Sage Publication, New Delhi,2010
    1. Shivathanu Pillay: Project Management, University Press, New Delhi, 2009
    1. K.Nagarajan: Project Management, New Age International , New Delhi,2010

    10.  Jack R Meredith: Project Management, Wiley India Publishers, New Delhi,2010

    Business Ethics and Governance

    1. 1. Importance of Business Ethics – Values and Ethics – Nature and Goals of Business Ethics – Morality, Virtues, Social Ethics – Business Ethics and Law – Ethics in Work Place – Ethical Decision Making. Concepts and Theories of Business Ethics-  Normative theories – Ethical theories in relation to Business – Management and Ethics – Indian Ethical Traditions
    2. 2. Ethics and Indian Business – Impact of Globalisation – Reasons for Unethical Practices among Indian Corprations – Development of Indian Capital Markets – Major Indian Scams – Reasons for Unethical practices – Various studies on Ethical Attitudes of Managers.
    1. 3. Marketing Ethics–  Product Safety and Pricing – Strict Products Liability – Ethical responsibility in Product-  Advertising and Target Marketing – Ethics of Sales, Advertising and Product Placement – Consumer Autonomy
    1. 4. Ethical Issues in Human Resource Management – Genesis and Growth of HRM – HR related Ethical issues – Institutional Culture – Financial Management and Ethical Issues – Frauds in Banks – Measures Against Bank Frauds – Constraints to Ethical Practices Indian Nationalized Banks – Frauds in Insurance Sector- Cases.
    1. 5. Corporate Governance: An overview – Theory and Practice of Governance- Indian model of Governance – Good Corporate Governance – Land marks in emergence of Governance OECB Principles- Sarbanes-Oxley Act2002 – SEBI’s Intiatives – Various Committee Reports on Corporate Governance
    1. 6. Agents and Institutions in Corporate Governance: Rights and Privileges of-Shareholders-  Investors’ Problems – Other stakeholders-Board of Directors- Role  of Auditors- Duties and – responsibilities of Auditors.
    1. 7. Corporate Social responsibilities– Environmental Concern – Role of Media – Public      Policies in Governance- Role of Government – Corporate Governance in Developing            and Transiting Economies – Indian Scenario- Corporation in a Global Society.

    8 Case Study

    References:

    1. A.C.Fernando: Business Ethics, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2009
    1. Manuel G. Velasquez: Business Ethics, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2010
    1. Daniel Albuquerque: Business Ethics, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2010
    1. S. Prabakaran: Business Ethics and Corporate Governance, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2010
    1. R.C.Shekhar: Ethical Choices in Business, Sage Publishers, New Delhi,2009
    1. Bob Tricker: Corporate Governance, Oxford University, New Delhi,2010
    1. Subash Chandra Das: Corporate Governance in India, PHI Learning, New Delhi 2009
    1. David Martin: Corporate Governance, Viva Books, New Delhi, 2010
    1. Jayasree Suresh,B.S.Ragavan: Human Values in Professional Ethics, Sultan Chand, New Delhi,2009

    10.  S.K Mandal: Ethics in Business and Corporate Governance, TMH, New Delhi, 2010

    Marketing (Elective)

    Services Marketing (Elective-I)

    1. Understanding services marketing: Introduction, services in the modern economy, Classification of services, marketing services Vs. Physical services, services as a system.

    2. Customer Relationship Marketing: Relationship Marketing, the nature of service consumption, understanding customer needs and expectations, Strategic responses to the intangibility of service performances.

    3. Services market segmentations: The process of market segmentation, selecting the appropriate customer portfolio, creating and maintaining valued relations, customer loyalty.

    4. Creating value in a competitive market: Positioning a service in the market, value addition to the service product, planning and branding service products, new service development.

    5. Pricing strategies for services: Service pricing, establishing monetary pricing objectives, foundations of pricing objectives, pricing and demand, putting service pricing strategies into practice.

    6. Service promotion: The role of marketing communication. Implication for communication strategies, setting communication objectives, marketing communication mix.

    7. Planning and managing service delivery: Creating delivery systems in price, cyberspace and time. The physical evidence of the service space. The role of intermediaries,  Marketing plans for services: The marketing planning process.

    8. Case study

    References

    1    Rajendra Nargundkar: Services Marketing, TMH, New Delhi 2010.

    2. Christian Gronroos: Service Management and Marketing, Wiley India, New Delhi,2010

    3. Govind  Apte: Services Marketing, Oxford University Press, New Delhi,2009

    4. Vasanthi Venugopal: Services Marketing, Himalaya Publishing House, 2010

    5. Nimith Chowdhary: Marketing of Services, MacMillan Publishers, New Delhi, 2009

    6.Douglas Hoffman K: Marketing of Services, Cengage learning, New Delhi, 2010

    7 Harsh V. Verma: Services Marketing, Pearson Education, New Delhi. 2009

    8.Ravi Shanker: Services Marketing, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2010

    9. Audrey Gilmore: Services Marketing and Management, Sage Publication, New Delhi, 2008.

    10. Gurudev Singh Thakur: Services Marketing, Kalyani Publications, New Delhi,2009

    Advertisement and Brand management (Elective-II)

    1. Advertising: Changing concept, role of advertising in a developing economy, a critical appraisal, types of advertisement consumer, industrial, institutional, retail, trade and professional, advertisement in marketing mix.
    1. Organizing for Advertising: Advertising department and advertisement manager, objectives and functions – Role of advertisement agencies functioning of advertisement agencies. Advertising agency skills and service, client agency relationship.
    1. Advertisement budgets: Types, determining optimal expenditure, decision models, sales response and decay, communication, state, competitive share.
    1. Advertisement media: Characteristics, media selection, optimizing and non optimizing approaches, media scheduling, media research- Sources of themes: Adapting presentation to medium campaign, USP, brand image, positioning, purchase proposition and creative interpretation, insertions, contract.
    1. Advertisement: Visual layout, art work, production traffic copy, effective use of words, devices to get greater readership interrelation – Advertisement effectiveness: Pre-testing, post testing, experimental designs.
    1. Competition and Brand– Concept of Brand- Brand Evolvation –Brand Positioning – Brand and consumers – Brand equity – Brand Inside and Outside
    1. Brand Extensions – Brand over Time – Stages of concept Management –Challenges facing Brands – Brand Revitalisation and Elimination – Brand and Firm – Brand valuation.
    2. 8. Case Study

    References:

    1. 1. Sangeetha Sharma: Advertising, PHI Learning, New Delhi,2009

    1. 2. Shhkazmi: Advertising and sales promotion, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2010

    1. 3. Larry percy: Stratagic Advertising Management, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2009

    1. 4. Shimp: Advertising and Promotion, Cengage Learning, New Delhi, 2008

    1. 5. Shah, Alan D Souza: Advertising and Promotion, TMH, New Delhi, 2009

    1. 6. Ronald Lane: Advertising Procedure, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2008

    1. 7. S.A.Chunawalla: Foundations of Advertising,. Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi, 2010

    1. 8. S.L.Gupta: Brand Management, Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi, 2010

    1. 9. YLR Moorthy: Brand Management, Vakas Publishing House, New Delhi, 2009

    10. R;ichard Eliott: Strategic Brand Management, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2008

    11. Helen Edwards: Creating Passion Brands, Kogan Page Publication, New Delhi, 2010

    12. Brad Van Auken: Branding, Jaico Publishing House, New Delhi, 2010

    International Marketing (Elective-III)

    1. International Marketing: Scope and Significance of International Marketing, – Difference between international and domestic marketing . Need for international trade, trends in foreign trade.

    2. International market environment: International environment, International Social & culture Environment, the political legal environment and regulatory environment of international marketing. Technological Environment, Business Customs in International Market.

    3. Canalizing and targeting international market opportunities: regional market Characteristics, Marketing in transitional economies and third world countries, international market segmentation and targeting .

    4. International Market Entry Strategies: Indirect Exporting, Domestic Purchasing, Direct Exporting , Foreign Manufacturing Strategies Without Direct Investment, Foreign Manufacturing Strategies With Direct Investment. Entry Strategies of Indian Firms.

    5. International product management: International product positioning, Product saturation Levels in global Market, International product life cycle, Geographic Expansion–Strategic Alternatives. New products in Intentional Marketing, Product and culture, brands in International Market.

    6. International Marketing Channels: channels –Distribution Structures, Distribution Patterns, Challenges in Managing An international Distribution Strategy Selecting Foreign Country Market intermediaries. The management of physical distribution of goods.

    7. Pricing and Promotion for international Markets: Environmental influences on Pricing Decisions ,Grey Market goods, Transfer pricing, Global Pricing – Policy Alternatives. Global Advertising and brandy, – Export Marketing:  Export Policy Decisions of a firm, EXIM policy of India. Export costing and pricing, Export procedures

    8. Case study

    References

    1.Czinkota: International Marketing, Cengage Learning,New Delhi, 2009

    2.  Philip R. Cateora, John L. Graham, International Marketing 11/e, Tata McGraw-Hill Co. Ltd., 2002.

    3. R.Srinivasan: International Marketing,  Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 2010

    4. U.C Mathur: International Marketing Management, Sage Publications, New Delhi 2008

    5. Sak Onkvisit: International Marketing, Routledge Publications, New Delhi, 2009

    6. Jeffrey Edmund Curry: International Marketing, Unversity Science Press, New Delhi, 2010

    7. Kotabe, Peloso: International Marketing, Wiley India, New Delhi, 2020

    8. Jean Pierre Jeannet: Global Marketing Strategies, Jaico Publishing House, New Delhi, 2001

    9. Sunil Gupta: International Marketing, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi,2009

    10.Raja Gopal: International Marketing, Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi, 2009

    Sales and Distribution Management (Elective-IV)

    1. Introduction: Evolution of Sales Department- Marketing, Sales Management and Marketing Management – Objectives of Sales Management –  Exchange Process – Sales Management cycle – Responsibilities of Sales Manager – Interdependence of Sales and Distribution.
    2. Sales Strategy Formulation – Steps in Market Analysis – Transaction Cost analysis –Designing Sales strategy –  Determination of Sales Force – Personnel Selling – Strategies used by Salesmen – Diversity of Selling Situation – Process of Personal Selling – Theories of Personal Selling – Sales organization.
    3. Recruitment of Sales personnel – Selection and Placement of Sales personnel – Training of Sales personnel – compensating of Sales personnel- Motivating Sales personnel –Monitoring and Performance evaluation – Sales Displays.
    4. Sales Forecasting – Sales quotas and Territory Management – Managing Sales Expenses – Sales Budgets – Sales Promotion budget and evolution – Ethics in Sales Management – International Sales Management – Advanced International Selling
    5. Channels of Distribution – Retailing and Wholesaling – Physical Distribution Management – Designing Channel Systems – Channel Management – Channel Information System.
    6. Physical Distribution Management – Elements of distribution logistics – Cost and physical distribution – Customer service and physical distribution – New techniques in managing distribution.
    7. International Sales and Distribution Management – Nature of International Markets – Selling in International Markets – Legal and Social aspects in International Sales – Pricing and Payment of International Trade –Role of Logistics companies.
    8. 8. Case Study

    References

    1.Richard  R Still: Sales Management, Pearson Education, New Delhi,

    2. Tapan K Panda: Sales and Distribution Management, Oxford University Press, New Delhi,2009

    3. Tony Carter: Sales Force Management, Jaico Publishing House, New Delhi, 2008

    4. S.A.Chunawala: Sales and Distribution Management,Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi, 2009

    5. S.L.Gupta: Sales and Distribution Management, Excel Books, New Delhi,2009

    6. Havaldar: Sales and Distribution Management, TMH, New Delhi, 2009

    7. Hair, Anderson: Sales Management, Cengage Learning, New Delhi, 2010

    8. Mark W Johnston: Sales Force Management, TMH, New Delhi, 2009

    9.P,Venugopal: Sales and Distribution Management, Sage Publication, New Delhi, 2009

    10. P.Adilakshmi: Advertising Sales Promotion and Distribution, Duvvuri Publication, 2009

    Finance (Elective)

    Security Analysis and Portfolio Management (Elective-I)

    1. Investments: The investment environment, classification and functions of financial markets and financial instruments. Securities trading – types of orders, margin trading, clearing and settlement procedures. Regularity systems for equity markets.

    2. Portfolio Theory: Concept of Risk, measuring risk and returns, Portfolio risk – measurement and analysis, mean – variance approach, business risk and financial risk and treatment in portfolio management.

    3. Equilibrium in Capital Market: The Capital Asset Pricing Model, Single-index model, Arbitrage Pricing theory, Market Efficiency. –  Bond Analysis: Bond Pricing Theorems, Convexity, duration, bond immunization, active bond management and passive bond management.

    4. Equity Valuation Model: Discounted Cash-flow techniques: Balance sheet valuation, Dividend discount models, Intrinsic value and market price, earnings multiplier approach, P/E ratio, Price/ Book value, Price/sales ratio, Economic value added (EVA).

    5. Security Analysis: Macroeconomic and industry analysis and company analysis.

    6. Derivatives: Option markets, option strategies and option valuation, Futures markets, strategies and pricing. Stock index futures, interest rate futures, Swaps using caps and floors in investment management.

    7. Active Portfolio Management: Mutual Funds Growth of mutual funds in India, Structure. Performance evaluation of mutual funds, conventional theory, performance measurement with changing portfolio composition.

    8. Case study

    References

    1.Thomos S Y Ho: Security valuation, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2009

    2. S.Kevin: Security Analysis and Portfolio Management, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2009

    3. Punithavathy Pandian: Security Analysis and Portfolio Management, Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi,2009

    4. Robert A Strong: Portfolio Management, Jaico Publishing House, New Delhi, 2001

    5. Sudhendra Bhat: Security Analysis Portfolio Management, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2009.

    6. Shashi K Gupta: Security Analysis Portfolio Management, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi,2010

    7.  William F. Sharpe, Gordon J.Alexander and Jeffery V.Bailey: Investments, Prentice Hall, 2002.

    8. Prasanna Chandra, Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management, 3/e Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd. New Delhi, 2003.

    9.  Edwin J. Elton, Martin J. Gruber: Modern Portfolio Theory and Investment Analysis, 5/e, John Wiley & Sons, 2001.

    10. Ranganatham : Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management Pearson Education.

    11. Dhanesh Khatri: Security Analysis and Protfolio Management, MacMillan Publishers, New

    Delhi, 2010

    Financial Institutions and Services (Elective-II)

    1. The Basic Theoretical Framework: The financial system and its technology; The factors affecting the stability of the financial system; Development finance vs. universal banking; Financial intermediaries and Financial Innovation; RBI-Central Banking.

    2. The Financial Institutions: A brief historical perspective. An update on the performance of IDBI, ICICI, IFCI and SFCs, LIC & GIC.

    3. The banking Institutions: Commercial banks – the public and the private sectors – structure and comparative performance. The problems of competition; interest rates, spreads, and NPAs. Bank capital – adequacy norms and capital market support.

    4. The Non-banking financial institutions : Evolution, control by RBI and SEBI. A perspective on future role. Unit Trust of India and Mutual Funds. Reserve bank of India Framework for/Regulation of Bank Credit . Commercial paper: Features and advantages, Framework of Indian CP Market, effective cost/interest yield.

    5. Insurance: The Economics of Insurance; Life Insurance; Reinsurance; The Insurance Industry and its regulation. Efficiency and the Structure of the Insurance Industry; Pension funds; Pension plans today.

    6. Financial services: Asset/fund based Financial services – lease finance, consumer credit and hire purchase finance, factoring definition, functions, advantages, evaluation and forfeiting, bills discounting, housing finance, venture capital financing. Fee-based / Advisory services: Stock broking, credit rating.

    7. Merchant Banking: Functions and activities, underwriting, bankers to an issue, debenture trustees, portfolio managers. The regulatory framework: SEBI and Regulation of Primary and Secondary Markets, Company Law provisions.

    8 Case study

    References

    1. R.Shanmugham: Financial Services, Wiley India, New Delhi, 2010

    2.    M.Y.Khan , Financial Services, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2004.

    3.    Harsh V.Verma, Marketing of Services, Global Business Press, 2002

    4.    Bhole : Financial Institutions and Markets, TMH, New Delhi, 2009

    5.    Meir Kohn: Financial Institutions and Markets, Oxford University Press, New Delhi,2009

    6.   Sames L .Heskett, Managing In the Service Economy, Harvard Business School Press,

    Boston, 2001.

    7.    Bharti V Pathak: The Indian Financial System, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2010

    8.    H.R Machiraju, Indian Financial Systems, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.2002.

    9.    Clifford Gomez: Financial Markets, Institutions and Financial Services, PHI Learning,

    New  Delhi, 2009

    10.    Erich A Helfert: Financial Analysis, Jaico Publication House, New Delhi, 2006

    International Financial Management (Elective-III)

    1. International Financial Management: An overview, Importance, nature and scope, Theories of International business, International Business Methods, Recent changes and challenges in IFM. International Flow of Funds: Balance of Payments (BoP), Fundamentals of BoP, Accounting components of BOP,
    1. International Monetary System: Evolution, Gold Standard, Bretton Woods system, the flexible exchange rate regime, the current exchange rate arrangements, the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU).
    1. Foreign Exchange Market: Function and Structure of the Forex markets, major participants, types of transactions and settlements dates, Foreign exchange quotations, process of arbitrage, speculation in the forward market.
    1. Currency Futures and Options Markets: Overview of the other markets – Euro currency market, Euro credit market, Euro bond market, International Stock market.
    1. Exchange Rates: Measuring exchange rate movements, Factors influencing exchange rates. Government influence on exchange rates – exchange rate systems. International arbitrage and interest rate parity. Relationship between inflation, interest rates and exchange rates – Purchasing Power Parity – International Fisher Effect.
    1. Long term Asset –Liability Management: Foreign Direct Investment, International Capital Budgeting, International Capital structure and cost of capital. International Financing: Equity, Bond financing, parallel loans.
    1. Short–term Asset–Liability Management: International Cash management, accounts receivable management, inventory management. Payment methods of international trade, trade finance methods, Export – Import bank of India, recent amendments in EXIM policy, regulations and guidelines.
    1. 8. Case Study

    References

    1. Vyuptakesh Sharan: International Financial Management, PHI Learning, New Delhi,

    2010..

    2.  Thomas J O’Brien: International Finance, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2009.

    3. P.G.APTE: International Financial Management, TMH, New Delhi, 2009

    4. Shailaja G: “International Finance”, Universities Press(India) Privte Limited, Hyderabad, 2008

    5  David K. Eiteman, Arthur I.Stonehill and Michael H.Moffeth, Multinational Business Finance,

    10th edition, Pearson Education 2004.

    7. P.K Jain, Josette Peyrard and Surendra S. Yadav, International Financial Management,

    Macmillan Publishers, 2001.

    8. Alan C Shapiro: Multinational Financial Management, Wiley India, New Delhi, 2010

    9. R.M.Srivastava: Multinational Financial Management, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2008

    10. V.A. Avadhani: International Financial Management, Himalaya Publishing House, New

    Delhi, 2009.

    Strategic Investment and Financing Decisions (Elective-IV)

    1. Investment decisions: Project Investment Management vs. project management-introduction to selection of profitable projects. Evaluation of investment opportunities, basic issues, replacement decisions, traditional methods of appraisal and discounted cash flow techniques, equivalence of NPV and IRR, The case of intangible benefits and costs. Profitability Index and Excess present value Index.
    1. Investment decisions under conditions of uncertainty: Discussion on risk and uncertainty. Risk Analysis in Investment Decisions. Risk adjusted rate of return, certainty equivalents, probability distribution of cash flows, decision trees, sensitivity analysis and Monte Carlo Approach to Simulation.
    1. Types of Investments and disinvestments: Project abandonment decisions, Evidence of IRR. Multiple IRR, Modified IRR, Techroin, Robichek and Mordalbasso (TRM) solution in dealing with pure, simple and mixed investments.
    1. Critical analysis of appraisal techniques: Discounted pay back, post pay back, surplus life and surplus pay back, Bail-out pay back, Return on Investment, Equivalent Annual Cost, Terminal Value, single period constraints, multi-period capital constraint and an unresolved problem, NPV mean variance analysis,
    1. Investment Decisions under capital constraints: Capital Rationing Vs. Portfolio. Portfolio Risk and diversified projects. Strategic Analysis of selected investment decisions: Lease Financing, Leasing Vs. Operating Risk, borrowing vs. procuring. Hire purchase and Instalment decisions.
    1. Financing Decisions: International Capital Structure: Modigliani Miller Model: Hamada Model of Market Risk: The Miller Model: The Trade-Off Models and Agency Costs:
    1. Capital Structure Theory –the Signaling Model. Financial Distress: Consequences, Issues, bankruptcy, settlements, reorganization and Liquidation in Bankruptcy.
    1. 8. Case  Study

    References

    1. M.Ranganadham: Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management , Pearson Education, New  Delhi, 2009
    1. Preeti Singh: Investment Management, Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi, 2009
    1. Prasanna Chandra , Projects: Planning, Analysis, Financing Implementation and Review, 5/e TMH, New Delhi, 2003
    1. V.K. Bhalla, Financial Management and policy., Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd.,
    1. I.M. Pandey, Financial Management, Vikas Publishing House,2003.
    1. V. K. Kapoor, Operations Research, Sultan Chand &Sons, New Delhi, 2003

    .

    1. Richard Pike &Bill Neale: Corporate Finance & Investment—Decisions and Strategies, 2/e, PHI, New Delhi, 2002.
    1. Alexander : Fundamentals of Investment 3/e Pearson Education, New Delhi,
    1. Zvi Bodie & Mohanthy: Investments, TMH, New Delhi, 2010

    10.  HIRT: Fundamentals of Investment Management, TMH, New Delhi, 2009

    HRM (Elective)

    Global HRM (Elective-I)

    1. Introduction– A Global HR Perspective in New Economy-Challenges of Globalisation         Implications of Managing People and Leveraging Human Resource- Cross Culture Skills,     and Conflicts -Managing Across Culture- Globalisation and HR Issues and Concerns- Dynamics of Change Management
    2. Global Human Resource Management : Stratagic role of International HRM – Golbal HR Planning – Staffing policy – Training and management development – performance appraisal – Compensation – International Labour relations – Industrial democracy – Talent crunch – Indian MNCs and Challenges –  Legal content of Global HRM.
    3. Managing International Assignments: Significance – Selection methods-  Positioning Expatriate – Repatriate – factors of consideration –  Strategies –  International assignments for women –  Problems.
    4. Cross Culture Managment : Importance – Concepts and issues – theories- considerations –  Problems – Skill building methods – Cross Culture Communication and Negotiation – Cross Culture Teams.
    5. Mergers and Acquisition: Importance – Issues- Role of HRM – HR Interventions- Diversity Management – Problems and Strategies.
    6. Compensation Management: Importance – Concepts- Issues – Methods – Factors of Consideration – Models – Performance Management.
    7. Globalization Strategic Advantages through HRD: Measures for Creating HRD Climate – Strategic Frame Work of HRD and Challenges – Globalization and Quality Working Life and Productivity –Role of HR Audit – Challenges of Creation of New Jobs through Globalization- HR interventions in Y2K- New Corporate Culture
    8. 8. Case Study

    References:

    1. Sujata Mangaraj: “Globalisation and Human Resource Management”, Excel Books,

    New Delhi, 2008

    1. Aswathappa K, Sadhana Dash: “International Human Resource Managment, TMH, New Delhi, 2009
    1. Pradeep Kumar Sinha& Sanchari Sinha: “International Business Management”, Excel   Books, New Delhi, 2008
    1. Subba Rao P: “International Business”, Himalaya Publishing House, Hyderabad,

    1. Chris Brewste, Paul Sparrow, Guy Vernon: “International Human Resource Management”, Universities Press, Hyderabad, 2008.
    1. Tony Edwards : International Human Resource Management, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2008
    1. Chris Brewster: International Human Resource Management, University Press, New Delhi, 2008
    1. Charles M Vance: Managing a Global Work Force, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2009

    Management of Industrial Relations (Elective-II)

    1. Industrial Relations Management – Concept- Evaluation –Background of industrial Relations in India- Influencing factors of IR in enterprise and the consequences.
    2. Economic, Social and Political environments– Employment Structure –Social Partnership-Wider approaches to industrial relations- Labour Market.
    3. Trade Unions– introduction-Definition and objectives-growth of Trade Unions in India-trade Unions Act , 1926 and Legal framework-Union recognition-Union Problems-Employees Association-introduction ,Objective Membership, Financial Status.
    4. Quality of Work Life:  Workers’ Participation in Management – Worker’s Participation in India, shop floor, Plant Level, Board Level- Workers’ Welfare in Indian scenario- Collective bargaining concepts & Characteristics –Promoting peace.
    5. Wage and Salary administration: Nature & Significance of wage, salary administration, essentials- Minimum wage- Fair wage, Real wage, Incentives & fringe benefits. Issues and Constraints in Wage Determination in India.
    6. Social Security: introduction and types –Social Security in India, Health and Occupational safety programs- Salient features of Workmen Compensation Act and Employees’ State Insurance Act relating to social security – Workers’ education objectives -Rewarding.
    7. Employee Grievances – Causes of Grievances –Conciliation, Arbitration and Adjudication procedural aspects for Settlement of Grievances –Standing Orders- Code Discipline. Industrial Disputes: Meaning, nature and scope of industrial disputes – Cases and Consequences of Industrial Disputes –Prevention and Settlement of industrial disputes in India.
    8. 8. Case Study

    References

    1. Sinha: Industrial Relations, Trade Unions and Labour Legislation Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2009
    1. B.D.Singh: Industrial Relations, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2009
    1. Mamoria: Dynamics of Industrial Relations, Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi, 2010
    2. C.S Venkataratnam: Industrial Relations, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2009.
    1. Arun Monappa: Industrial Relations, TMH, New Delhi. 2009
    1. Ratna Sen: Industrial Relations, MacMillon Publishers, New Delhi, 2010

    Performance Management    (Elective-III)

    1. Performance Management :Introduction – Definition, concepts and scope – Foundations of Performance Management – Performance appraisal Vs performance management – performance management Vs Human resource management – processes for managing performance –critical appraisal- Performance Audit
    2. Performance Management Planning: Importance-Methods- process- Goal Setting- Linkages to Strategic Planning- Competency mappy- Career Development- Monitoring Performance Planning- Barriers to Performance Planning
    3. Performance Management System: objectives – Functions- Performance Management Cycle- Competency based Performance Management Systems- Reward based Performance Management Systems- Electronic Performance Management Systems- HR Challenges
    4. Performance Management Tools: Importance- Traditions and Modern Techniques- Balanced Score Card- 360 Degree Performance Apprising- Merit Rating- MBO- BARS
    5. Performance Monitoring and Counseling: Introduction- Supervision- Objectives and Principles of Monitoring- Monitoring Process- Periodic reviews- Problem solving- engendering trust- Role efficiency- Coaching- Counseling and Monitoring- Concepts and Skills
    6. Appraising for Recognition & Reward: Purpose of Appraising – Methods of appraisal – appraisal system design – Implementing the appraisal system – Appraisals and HR decisions. Organisational effectiveness
    7. Performance management skills – Operationalising change through performance management. High Performing Teams: Building and leading High performing teams – team oriented organizations – developing and leading high performing teams- Role of Leadership
    8. 8. Case Studies

    References

    1. Prem Chadha: Performance Management, Macmillan India, New Delhi, 2008.

    2. Michael Armstrong & Angela Baron, Performance Management: The New Realities, Jaico

    Publishing House, New Delhi, 2010.

    1. T.V.Rao, Appraising amd Developing Managerial Performance, TV Rao Learning Systems  Pvt Limited, Excel Books, 2003.
    1. David Wade and Ronad Recardo, Corporate Performance Management, Butter Heinemann, New Delhi, 2002.
    1. Dewakar Goel: Performance Appraisal and Compensation Management, PHI Leaarning, New Delhi, 2009
    1. A.S. Kholi: Performance Management, OxFord University Press, New Delhi,2009
    1. A.M.Sharma: Performance Management System, Himalaya Publishing House, 2010
    1. T.V.Rao: Performance Management Appraisal Systems, Sage Publications, 2008

    Management of Change & Development (Elective-IV)

    1. Basics of Change Management: Meaning, nature and Types of Change – change programmes – change levers – change as growth – change as transformation – change as turnaround – value based change.

    2. Mapping change: The role of diagramming in system investigation – A review of basic flow diagramming techniques –systems relationships – systems diagramming and mapping, influence charts, multiple cause diagrams- a multidisciplinary approach.

    3. Systems approach to change: systems autonomy and behaviour – the intervention strategy model – cases in intervention – total project management model (TPMM). Learning organization: The relevance of a learning organization –- kindling learning processes in organizations- strategies to build a learning organization

    4. Organisation Development (OD): Meaning, Nature and scope of OD – Dynamics of planned change – Person-focussed and role-focussed OD interventions –Planning OD Strategy – OD interventions in Indian Organisations – Challenges to OD practioners.

    5. Negotiated change: Change in the labour-management relations in the post-liberalised India – a review of the response of collective bargaining strategy to the challenges of Globalisation and the restructuring of enterprises in India – Changes in the legal frame work of collective bargaining, negotiated flexibility, productivity bargaining, improved work relations, public sector bargaining and social security.

    6. Team Building: Nature and Importance of Teams – Team vs Groups – Types of teams – Characterstics of Virtual teams – Team building life cycle – role of managers as linking pins- team building skills – Perspectives on effectiveness of Team working.

    7. Virtual teams: High performance teams – self managing teams – Building team relationships – empowered teams – leadership on teams – Managing cross –cultural diversity in teams – Group think as a decision making process – effective decision making techniques for teams and groups – role of change consultant-– contemporary issues in managing teams.

    8. Case Study

    References

    1. Mark Hughes: Change Management in Organisations, Jaico Publishing House, New Delhi, 2008
    1. Robert A Paton: Change Management, Sage Publications, New Delhi, 2008.
    1. Nilanjan Sengupta: Managing Changing Organisations, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2009
    1. Adrian Thornhill: Managing Change, Pearson Education,  New Delhi, 2008.
    1. Cummings and Worley: Organisational Development and Change, Cengage Learning, New Delhi, 2009
    1. Radha R Sharma: Change Management, TMH, New Delhi, 2008
    1. Sarah Lewis: Appreciative Inquiry for Change Management, Kogan Page Publication, New Delhi, 2010
    1. Kavitha Singh: Organisation Change and Development, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2010
    1. C.S.Venkataratnam: Negotiated Change –Collective Bargaining, Liberalisation and Restructuring in India, Response Books, New Delhi, 2003.

    10.  Sethi : Orgnisational Transformation Through Business Process Reengineering Pearson Education.

    Systems (Elective)

    Data warehousing and Data Mining (Elective-I)

    1. Managing Data: Individual Data Management, Organisational Data Management, Components of Organisational Memory, Evaluation of Database Technology

    2. File-Oriented Systems: Meeting the Need for Random Access Processing Information as Resource, Other Limitations of Traditional File Systems, Data Base Systems, Hierarchical Network Model Systems, Relational Database Systems – Database Systems: Hardware, Software, Data, People and Relationship of the four System Components.

    3. Database Systems in the Organisations: Data Sharing and Data Bases – Sharing Data Between Functional Units, Sharing Data Between Different Levels of Users, Sharing Data Between Different Locations, The Role of the Data Base, Strategic Data Base Planning – The Need for Data Base Planning, The Data Base Project, The Data Base Development Life Cycle (DDLC)

    4. Risks and Costs of Database: Organizational Conflicts – Development Project Failures – System Failure – Overhead costs – Need for Sophisticated Personnel – Separating Physical and Logical Data Representation – Client / Server Data Base Architecture, Three-Level Data Base Architecture

    5. Data warehousing Introduction: What is a Data warehouse, Who uses Data warehouse, Need for Data warehouse, Applications of Data warehouse Concepts.

    6. The Data warehouse Data Base: Context of Data warehouse Data Base, Data Base Structures – Organizing Relational Data warehouse – Multi-Dimensional Data Structures – Choosing a Structure, Getting Data into the Data warehouse – Extraction, Transformation, Cleaning, Loading and Summarization,

    7. Analyzing the Contexts of the Data warehouse: Active Analysis, User Queries – OLAP, OLAP Software Architecture – Web Based OLAP, General OLAP Product Characteristics, Automated Analysis – Data Mining, Creating a Decision Tree, Correlation and Other Statistical Analysis, Neural Networks, Nearest Neighbour Approaches, Putting the Results to Use.

    8. Case Study

    References

    1.    George M Markas: Modern Data WareHousing, Mining and Visualization, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2009

    2. Bharat Bushan Agarwal: Data Minining and Data Ware Housing, University Science Press, New Delhi, 2009 4. Gary W Hansen, James V Hansen: Data Base Management and Design, 2/E, PHI – 2000 New Delhi.

    3.  Hector Garcia, Molina, Jeffrey D. Ullman, Jennifer Widom: Data Base System Implementation, Pearson Education, 2001.

    4  Arun K Majumdar, Primtimoy Bhattacharyya: Data Base Management Systems, Tata McGraw- Hill, New Delhi, 2003.

    5. Reema Thareja: Data Ware Housing, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2009

    E-Commerce (Elective-II)

    1. Introduction to E-Commerce: Framework, Architecture, Benefits and Impact of e-Commerce, The Anatomy of E-Commerce applications, e-Commerce Consumer applications, e-Commerce Organization Applications, e-commerce in India, Prospects of e-commerce.

    2. Network Infrastructure for E-commerce: Intranet, Extranet, & Internet, Internet Backbone in India, ISP and services in India, OSI Model, Standards & Overview of TCP/IP, Internet Security, ecommerce & Internet.

    3. E-commerce Models: Business-to-Business–Hubs, Market Places, Business-toBusiness Exchange, Business-to-Consumer, Consumer-to-consumer, Business-to-Government, Government-to-Government.

    4. E-Advertising & Marketing: The new age of information–based Marketing, Emergence of internet as a competitive advertising media, Market Research, Weakness in Internet Advertising, e- Advertising & Marketing in India.

    5. Electronic Payment Systems: Introduction to Payment Systems, On-Line Payment Systems, Pre- Paid e-Payment System, Post-Paid e-Payment System, Requirements Metrics of a Payment System.

    6. Electronic Data Exchange: EDI- Definitions & Applications, Standardization and EDI, EDI- Legal Security and Privacy Issues, Advantages & Limitations of EDI.

    7. E-Security: Securing the Business on Internet- Security Policy, Procedures and Practices, Transaction Security, Cryptology, Digital Signatures, Security Protocols for Web Commerce. e-CRM: CRM, what is e-CRM , it’s Applications,

    8.Case Study

    References

    1. Jeffrey F.Rayport & Bernard J.Jaworski: Introduction to E-commerce, TMH, 2003.

    2. Kenneth C Laudon:  E-commerce, Pearson Education, Mumbai, 2009.

    3  C.S.V.Murthy: E-Commerce–Concepts, Models & Strategies, Himalaya Publishing house, Mumbai, 2010

    4. Kamalesh K Bajaj & Debjani Nag: E-Commerce, the Cutting Edge of Business- Tata McGraw- Hill, New Delhi, 2009.

    5. P.T.Joseph: E-Commerce, PHI Learning, New Delhi 2009

    6. Gary P Schneider: E Commerce, Cengage Learning, New Delhi,2009.

    7. Christopher Westland J, Theodore H K Clark: “Global Electonic Commerce”, Universitites

    Press, Hyderabad, 2009.

    8. Parag Diwan: E-Commerce, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2009

    Systems Audit (Elective-III)

    1. Overview of Information System Auditing:  Effect of Computers on Internal Controls, Effects of Computers on Auditing, Foundations of information Systems Auditing, Conducting an Information Systems Audit.

    2. The Management Control Framework-I: Introduction, Evaluating the planning Function, Evaluating the Leading Function, Evaluating the Controlling Function, Systems Development Management Controls, Approaches to Auditing Systems Development , Normative Models of the Systems Development Process, Evaluating the Major phases in the Systems Development Process, Programming Management Controls, Data Resource Management Controls.

    3. The Management Control Framework-II: Security Management Controls, Operations

    Management Controls Quality assurance Management Controls.

    4. The Application Control Framework-I: Boundary Controls, Input Controls, Communication Controls.

    5. The Application Control Framework-II: Processing Controls, Database Controls, output Controls.

    6. Evidence Collection: Audit Software, Code Review, Test Data, and Code Comparison, Concurrent Auditing techniques, Interviews, Questionnaires ,and Control Flowcharts. Performance Management tools.

    7. Evidence Evaluation: Evaluating Asset Safeguarding and Data Integrity, Evaluating System Effectiveness, Evaluating System Efficiency. Information Systems Audit and Management: managing the Information Systems Audit Function,

    8.Case Study

    References

    1. D P Dube: Information System Audit and Assurance, TMH, New Delhi,2008

    2. Ron Weber, Information Systems Control and Audit, Pearson Education,2009.

    3. S.A.Kelkar : Software Project Management, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2009

    4. Royce : Software Project Management, Pearson Education. New Delhi

    Decision Support Systems (Elective-IV)

    1. M.I.S and Its Role In Organizations Open-Systems and Closed Systems D.S.S Its Relation to M.I.S, Characteristic Role of D.S.S as Different From M.I.S in an Organization, Expert DSS and Its Role as an Aid to Management Decision Process.
    1. Deterministic Models: Models Required to Cope With Uncertainty, Probabilistic Models and Fuzzy Sets, Fuzzy DSS and Fuzzy Expert DSS
    1. Application of DSS: Some Functional Areas of Management Like Finance, Marketing, Production Planning and Control Etc.
    2. Non-Optimizing Models of DSS: Simulation Techniques and Monte- Carlo Methods.
    1. Application of DSS: Technical Feasibility and Financial Viability of DSS. Advantages and Limitations of DSS –Contemporary practices.

    6 Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI): An Overview of AI– AI Technologies in

    Business, Domains in AI, Neural networks.

    7     Fuzzy logic systems in Business: Virtual Reality, Intelligent agents, expert system and its

    components, Applications of expert system, developing expert systems, value of expert

    systems.

    8 Case Studies,

    References

    1. V.S. Janaki Raman: Decision Support System, PHI Learning, New Delhi,2009

    2   Mallah: Decision Support and Data Warehouse Systems, TMH New Delhi, 2002

    3   Turbon: DSS and Intelligent Systems, Pearson Education, 2010.

    4    George M..Marakas: “Decision Support Systems in the 21st Century”, 2/e,Pearson

    Education, New Delhi, 2008.

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  • Ayodhya Final Verdict : First on Net http://rjbm.nic.in/

    click here to read the full casesheet

    HIGHLIGHTS:

    1
    BRIEF SUMMARY

    Subject matter of the decided cases
    OOS No. 1 of 1989 Shri Gopal Singh Visharad Vs. Zahur
    Ahmad and 8 others, OOS No. 3 of 1989 Nirmohi Aakhada etc. Vs.
    Baboo Priya Dutt Ram and others, OOS No. 4 of 1989 Sunni
    central Board of Waqfs U.P. Lucknow and others Vs. Gopal Singh
    Visharad and others and O.O.S.No. 5 of 1989 Bhagwan Sri Ram
    Virajman at Ayodhya and others Vs. Rajendra Singh and others
    were filed before the Court of Civil Judge, Faizabad. Thereafter on
    the request of State of U.P. the cases were transferred to this Court
    and Hon’ble the Chief Justice constituted special Bench.
    Government of India decided to acquire all area of the
    disputed property and the suits were abated. Thereafter the apex
    court directed this Court to decide the case as per judgement in
    Dr.M. Ismail Faruqui and others Vs. Union of India and others
    reported in (1994) 6 SCC 360.
    OOS No. 4 of 1989 (Reg. Suit No.12-61)
    The Sunni Central Board of Waqfs U.P., Lucknow & others
    Versus
    Gopal Singh Visharad and others
    The instant suit has been filed for declaration in the year 1961
    and thereafter in the year 1995 through amendment relief for
    possession was added.
    Plaint case in brief is that about 443 years ago Babur built a
    mosque at Ayodhya and also granted cash grant from royal treasury
    for maintenance of Babri Mosque. It was damaged in the year 1934
    during communal riots and thereafter on 23.12.1949 large crowd of
    Hindus desecrated the mosque by placing idols inside the mosque.
    The disputed property was attached under Section 145 Cr.P.C.and
    thereafter the suit was filed for declaration and for delivery of
    possession beyond the period of limitation.2
    On behalf of the defendants separate written statements were
    filed alleging that structure is not a mosque and it was constructed
    after demolishing the temple against the tenets of Islam. The A.S.I.
    report was obtained which proved the earlier construction of
    religious nature.
    On the basis of the report of the Archeological Survey of
    India massive structure of religious nature is required to be
    maintained as national monument under the Ancient Monument
    Archeological Site and Remains Act, 1958. The Apex Court in
    Rajiv Mankotia Vs. Secretary to the President of India and
    others, AIR 1997 Supreme Court page 2766 at para 21 directed
    the Government of India to maintain such national monuments.
    Thus, it is mandatory on the part of the Central Government to
    comply with the provisions of Act No. 24 of 1958 and ensure to
    maintain the dignity and cultural heritage of this country .
    On behalf of some of the defendants, it was alleged that not
    only in the outer courtyard but also in the inner courtyard people
    used to worship the birth place of deity and it is being worshipped
    from times immemorial. The Court dismissed the suit. Issue wise
    finding is as under;
    O.O.S. No.
    4 of 1989
    Issues No. 1 and 1(a)
    1. Whether the building in question described as mosque in the
    sketch map attached to the plaint (hereinafter referred to as
    the building) was a mosque as claimed by the plaintiffs? If
    the answer is in the affirmative?
    1(a) When was it built and by whom-whether by Babar as alleged
    by the plaintiffs or by Meer Baqi as alleged by defendant
    No. 13?
    Decided in favour of defendants and against the plaintiffs.
    3
    Issues No. 1(b)
    1(b) Whether the building had been constructed on the site of an
    alleged Hindu temple after demolishing the same as alleged
    by defendant No. 13? If so, its effect?
    Decided in favour of defendants and against the plaintiffs
    on the basis of A.S.I. Report.

    1(A). Whether the land adjoining the building on the east, north and
    south sides, denoted by letters EFGH on the sketch map, was
    an ancient graveyard and mosque as alleged in para 2 of the
    plaint? If so, its effect?
    Deleted vide courts order dated 23.2.96.
    Issues No. 1(B)a
    1-B(a). Whether the building existed at Nazul plot no. 583 of the
    Khasra of the year 1931 of Mohalla Kot Ram Chandra known
    as Ram Kot, city Ahodhya (Nazul estate of Ayodhya ? If so
    its effect thereon)”
    Property existed on Nazul Plot No. 583 belonging to
    Government.
    Issues No. 1(B)(b)
    1B(b).Whether the building stood dedicated to almighty God as
    alleged by the plaintiffs?
    Decided against the plaintiffs.
    Issues No. 1(B)(c)
    1-B (c ).Whether the building had been used by the members of the
    Muslim community for offering prayers from times
    immemorial ? If so, its effect?
    Decided against the plaintiffs.
    Issues No. 1(B)(d)
    1-B(d).Whether the alleged graveyard has been used by the
    members of Muslim community for burying the dead
    bodies of the members of the Muslim community? If so,
    its effect?4
    Issue 1 B (d) deleted vide court order dated 23.2.96.
    Issues No. 2, 4, 10, 15 & 28
    2. Whether the plaintiffs were in possession of the property in
    suit upto 1949 and were dispossessed from the same in 1949
    as alleged in the plaint?
    4. Whether the Hindus in general and the devotees of Bhagwan
    Sri Ram in particular have perfected right of prayers at the
    site by adverse and continuous possession as of right for more
    than the statutory period of time by way of prescription as
    alleged by the defendants?
    10. Whether the plaintiffs have perfected their rights by adverse
    possession as alleged in the plaint?
    15. Have the Muslims been in possession of the property in suit
    from 1528 A.D. Continuously, openly and to the knowledge
    of the defendants and Hindus in general? If so, its effect?
    28. “Whether the defendant No. 3 has ever been in possession of
    the disputed site and the plaintiffs were never in its
    possession?”
    These issues are decided against the plaintiffs.
    Issues No. 3
    3. Is the suit within time?
    Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of defendants.
    Issues No. 5(a)
    5(a) Are the defendants estopped from challenging the character
    of property in suit as a waqf under the administration of
    plaintiff No. 1 in view of the provision of 5(3) of U.P. Act
    13 of 1936?
    (This issue has already been decided in the negative vide
    order dated 21.4.1966 by the learned Civil Judge).
    Issues No. 5(b)
    5(b). Has the said Act no application to the right of Hindus in
    general and defendants in particular, to the right of their
    worship?
    Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of defendants. 5
    Issues No. 5(c)
    5(c). Were the proceedings under the said Act conclusive?
    (This issue has already been decided in the negative vide
    order dated 21.4.1966 by the learned Civil Judge.)
    Issues No. 5(d)
    5(d). Are the said provision of Act XIII of 1936 ultra-vires as
    alleged in written statement?
    (This issue was not pressed by counsel for the defendants,
    hence not answered by the learned Civil Judge, vide his
    order dated 21.4.1966).
    Issues No. 5(e) and 5(f)
    5(e). Whether in view of the findings recorded by the learned Civil
    Judge on 21.4.1966 on issue no. 17 to the effect that, “No
    valid notification under section 5(1) of the Muslim Waqf Act
    (No. XIII of 1936) was ever made in respect of the property
    in dispute”, the plaintiff Sunni Central Board of Waqf has no
    right to maintain the present suit?
    5(f). Whether in view of the aforesaid finding, the suit is barred on
    accunt of lack of jurisdiction and limitation as it was filed
    after the commencement of the U.P. Muslim Waqf Act,
    1960?
    Both these issues are decided against the Plaintiffs.
    Issue No. 6
    6. Whether the present suit is a representative suit, plaintiffs
    representing the interest of the Muslims and defendants
    representing the interest of the Hindus?
    Decided in favour of plaintiffs and against the defendants.
    Issue No. 7(a)
    7(a). Whether Mahant Raghubar Dass, plaintiff of Suit No. 61/280
    of 1885 had sued on behalf of Janma-Sthan and whole body
    of persons interested in Janma-Sthan?
    Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of the
    defendants. 6
    Issue No. 7(b)
    7(b). Whether Mohammad Asghar was the Mutwalli of alleged
    Babri Masjid and did he contest the suit for and on behalf of
    any such mosque?
    Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of the
    defendants.
    Issue No. 7(c)
    7(c). Whether in view of the judgment in the said suit, the
    members of the Hindu community, including the contesting
    defendants, are estopped from denying the title of the
    Muslim community, including the plaintiffs of the present
    suit, to the property in dispute? If so, its effect?
    Decided against the plaintiffs.
    Issue No. 7(d)
    7(d). Whether in the aforesaid suit, title of the Muslims to the
    property in dispute or any portion thereof was admitted by
    plaintiff of that suit? If so, its effect?
    Decided against the plaintiffs.
    Issue No. 8
    8. Does the judgment of Case No. 6/281 of 1881, Mahant
    Raghubar Dass Vs. Secretary of State and others, operate as
    res judicate against the defendants in suit?
    Decided against the plaintiffs and this judgment will not
    operate as resjudicata against the defendants in suit.
    Issue No.9
    9. Whether the plaintiffs served valid notices under Sec. 80
    C.P.C. (Deleted vide order dated May 22/25, 1990). 7
    Issues No.11, 13, 14, 19(a) & 19(c)
    11. Is the property in suit the site of Janam Bhumi of Sri Ram
    Chandraji?
    13. Whether the Hindus in general and defendants in particular
    had the right to worship the Charans and ‘Sita Rasoi’ and
    other idols and other objects of worship, if any, existing in
    or upon the property in suit?
    14. Have the Hindus been worshipping the place in dispute as Sri
    Ram Janam Bhumi or Janam Asthan and have been visiting it
    as a sacred place of pilgrimage as of right since times
    immemorial? If so, its effect?
    19(a).Whether even after construction of the building in suit deities
    of Bhagwan Sri Ram Virajman and the Asthan Sri Ram Janam
    Bhumi continued to exist on the property in suit as alleged on
    behalf of defendant No. 13 and the said places continued to
    be visisted by devotees for purposes of worship? If so,
    whether the property in dispute continued to vest in the said
    deities?
    19(c). Whether any portion of the property in suit was used as a
    place of worship by the Hindus immediately prior to the
    construction of the building in question? If the finding is in
    the affirmative, whether no mosque could come into existence
    in view of the Islamic tenets, at the place in dispute?
    Decided against the plaintiffs.
    Issue No.12
    12. Whether idols and objects of worship were placed inside the
    building in the night intervening 22nd
    and 23rd
    December,
    1949 as alleged in paragraph 11 of the plaint or they have
    been in existence there since before? In either case, effect?
    Idols were installed in the building in the intervening
    night of 22/23rd
    December, 1949.8
    Issue No.17
    17. Whether a valid notification under Section 5(1) of the U.P.
    Muslim Waqf Act No. XIII of 1936 relating to the property in
    suit was ever done? If so, its effect?
    (This issue has already been decided by the learned Civil
    Judge by order dated 21.4.1966).
    Issue No.18
    18. What is the effect of the judgdment of their lordships of the
    Supreme Court in Gulam Abbas and others Vs. State of U.P.
    and others, A.I.R. 1981 Supreme Court 2198 on the finding of
    the learned Civil Judge recorded on 21st
    April, 1966 on issue
    no. 17?
    Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of defendants.
    Issue No.19(b)
    19(b). Whether the building was land-locked and cannot be reached
    except by passing through places of Hindu worship? If so, its
    effect?
    Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of the
    defendants.
    Issue No.19(d)
    19(d). Whether the building in question could not be a mosque
    under the Islamic Law in view of the admitted position that it
    did not have minarets?
    Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of the
    defendants.
    Issue No. 19(e)
    19(e).Whether the building in question could not legally be a
    mosque as on plaintiffs own showing it was surrounded by a 9
    graveyard on three sides.
    Decided against the plaintiffs.
    Issues No.19(F)
    19(F).Whether the pillars inside and outside the building in question
    contain images of Hindu Gods and Goddesses? If the finding
    is in the affirmative, whether on that account the building in
    question cannot have the character of Mosque under the
    tenets of Islam?
    Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of the
    defendants.
    Issue No.20(a)
    20(a). Whether the Waqf in question cannot be a Sunni Waqf as the
    building was not allegedly constructed by a Sunni
    Mohammedan but was allegedly constructed by Meer Baqi
    who was allegedly a Shia Muslim and the alleged Mutwalis
    were allegedly Shia Mohammedans? If so, its effect?
    Decided against the plaintiffs.
    Issue No.20(b)
    20(b). Whether there was a Mutwalli of the alleged Waqf and
    whether the alleged Mutwalli not having joined in the suit, the
    suit is not maintainable so far as it relates to relief for
    possession?
    Suit is not maintainable and the issue is decided in favour
    of the defendants.
    Issue No.21
    21. Whether the suit is bad for non-joinder of alleged deities?
    Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of the
    defendants.10
    Issues No. 23 & 24
    23. If the wakf Board is an instrumentality of state? If so,
    whether the said Board can file a suit against the state itself?
    24. If the wakf Board is state under Article 12 of the
    constitution? If so, the said Board being the state can file any
    suit in representative capacity sponsering the case of
    particular community and against the interest of another
    community)”.
    Issues are decided against the plaintiffs and the suit is not
    maintainable.
    Issues No. 25 & 26
    25. “Whether demolition of the disputed structure as claimed by
    the plaintiff, it can still be called a mosque and if not whether
    the claim of the plaintiffs is liable to be dismissed as no
    longer maintainable?”
    26. “Whether Muslims can use the open site as mosque to offer
    prayer when structure which stood thereon has been
    demolished?”
    Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of the
    defendants.
    Issue No. 27
    27. “Whether the outer court yard contained Ram Chabutra,
    Bhandar and Sita Rasoi? If so whether they were also
    demolished on 6.12.1992 along with the main temple?”
    Yes, issue is decided in positive.
    Issue No.16 & 22
    16. To what relief, if any, are the plaintiffs or any of them,
    entitled?
    22. Whether the suit is liable to be dismissed with special costs?
    Plaintiffs are not entitled for any relief.
    The suit is dismissed with easy costs. 11
    O.O.S No. 1 of 1989 (R.S.No.2-50)
    Sri Gopal Singh Visharad Vs. Zahoor Ahmad and others
    The instant suit has been filed on the assertion that the father
    of the plaintiff on 14.1.1950 was not allowed to touch the deity.
    Accordingly the injunction has been sought on behalf of the
    defendants including the State Government to not disallow the
    plaintiff to touch the deity.
    State Government opposed the claim and stated that in order
    to control the crowd reasonable restrictions were imposed.
    The suit was dismissed for the reasons (i) no valid notice was
    given, ( ii) the plaintiff has no legal character and (iii) the State
    Government can impose reasonable restrictions in public interest
    to control the crowd and to enable every body to have the Darshan
    of the deity.
    Finding of the court issue wise is as follows;
    O.O.S. No.
    1 of 1989
    Issues No. 1, 2 and 6
    1. Is the property in suit the site of Janam Bhumi of Shri Ram
    Chandra Ji?
    2. Are there any idols of Bhagwan Ram Chandra Ji and are His
    Charan Paduka’ situated in the site in suit.?
    6. Is the property in suit a mosque constructed by Shansha
    Babar commonly known as Babri mosque, in 1528A.D.?
    Connected with issues No. 1(a), 1(b), 1-B (b), 19-d, 19-e
    and 19-f of the Original Suit No. 4 of 1989, wherein these
    issues have been decided in favour of defendants and
    against the Sunni Central Waqf Board, U.P.
    Issues No. 3, 4 & 7
    3. Has the plaintiff any right to worship the ‘Charan Paduka’ and
    the idols situated in the place in suit.?12
    4. Has the plaintiff the right to have Darshan of the place in
    suit.?
    7. Have the Muslims been in possession of the property in suit
    from 1528A.D.?
    Connected with Issues No. 1-B(c), 2, 4, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,
    15,19-a, 19-b, 19-c, 27 and 28 of Original Suit No. 4 of 1989,
    wherein these issues have been decided in favour of
    defendants and against the plaintiffs.
    Issues No. 9, 9(a), 9(b) & 9(c)
    9. Is the suit barred by provision of section (5) (3) of the Muslim
    Waqfs Act (U.P. Act 13 of 1936);?
    (a) Has the said act no application to the right of Hindus in
    general and plaintiff of the present suit, in particular to his
    right of worship.?
    (b) Were the proceedings under the said act referred to in written
    statement para 15 collusive? If so, its effect?
    (c) Are the said provisions of the U.P. Act 13 of 1936 ulta-vires
    for reasons given in the statement of plaintiff’s counsel dated
    9.3.62 recorded on paper No.454-A-?
    Connected with Issues No. 5-a, 5-b, 5-c, 5-d, 5-e, 5-f, 7-b,
    17(issue no.17 of O.O.S. No.4 of 1989 has already been
    decided by the Civil Judge, Faizabad) 18, 20-a, 20-b, 23,
    24, 25 and 26 of Original Suit No. 4 of 1989, wherein these
    issues have been decided in favour of defendants and
    against the plaintiffs.
    Issues No. 5(a) & 5(b)
    5(a) Was the property in suit involved in original suit no.61/280 of
    1885 in the court of sub-judge, Faizabad Raghubar Das
    Mahant Vs. Secretary of State for India & others.?
    5(b) Was it decided against the plaintiff.?
    Connected with issue No. 1-B (a) of Original Suit No. 4 of
    1989.
    Property existed on Nazul plot No. 583 belonging to
    Government. 13
    Issues No. 5(c) & 5(d)
    5(c) Was that suit within the knowledge of Hindus in general and
    were all Hindus interest in the same.?
    5(d) Does the decision in same bar the present suit by principles of
    Resjudicata and in any other way?
    Connected with issue No. 7-a, 7-c, 7-d and issue no. 8 in
    Original Suit No. 4 of 1989, wherein these issues have been
    decided in favour of defendants and against the plaintiffs.
    Issue No. 13
    13. Is the suit No.2 of 50 Shri Gopal Singh Visharad Vs. Zahoor
    Ahmad bad for want of notice under section 80 C.P.C. ?
    Decided in favour of defendants and against the plaintiffs.
    Issue No. 8
    8. Is the suit barred by proviso to section 42 Specific Relief
    Act.?
    Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of defendants.
    Issues No. 11(a) & 11(b)
    11(a) Are the provisions of section 91 C.P.C. applicable to present
    suit ? If so is the suit bad for want of consent in writing by the
    advocate general ?
    11(b) Are the rights set up by the plaintiff in this suit independent of
    the provisions of section 91 C.P.C. ? if not its effect. ?
    Decided in favour of plaintiffs and against the defendants.

    Issue No. 12
    12. Is the suit bad for want of steps and notices under order 1
    Rule 8 C.P.C. ? If so its effect. ?
    Decided in favour of plaintiffs and against the defendants.

    Issue No. 14
    14. Is the suit no.25 of 50 Param Hans Ram Chandra Vs. Zahoor
    Ahmad bad for want of valid notice under section 80 C.P.C. ?
    Withdrawn, no finding is required. 14
    Issue No. 15
    15. Is the suit bad for non-joinder of defendants.?
    NO
    Issue No. 10
    10. Is the present suit barred by time ?
    NO
    Issue No. 16 & 17
    16. Are the defendants or any of them entitled to special costs
    under section 35-A C.P.C.?
    17. To what reliefs, if any, is the plaintiff entitled. ?
    Plaintiff is not entitled for the relief claimed and the suit is
    dismissed with easy costs. 15
    OOS No. 3 of 1989
    Nirmohi Akhara & Anr. Vs. Shri Jamuna Prasad Singh & Ors.
    The suit was filed by Nirmohi Akhara, alleging that right
    from times immemorial, they are worshipping the deities.
    Accordingly the management of the temple may be handed over to
    the plaintiff by defendant- State Government.
    The defendants have contested the claim and this Court
    found the suit barred by time and also on merits that the plaintiff
    failed to prove the case.
    Finding of the court issue wise is as follows;
    O.O.S. No.
    3 of 1989
    Issues No. 1, 5 and 6
    1. Is there a temple of Janam Bhumi with idols installed therein
    as alleged in para 3 of the plaint ?
    5. Is the property in suit a mosque made by Emperor Babar
    Known as Babari masjid ?
    6. Was the alleged mosque dedicated by Emperor Babar for
    worship by Muslims in general and made a public waqf
    property?
    Connected with Issues No. 1, 1(a), 1(b), 1B(b), 12, 19(d),
    19(e) and 19(f) of O.O.S. No. 4 of 1989, wherein these issues
    have been decided in favour of defendants and against the
    plaintiffs.
    Issues No. 2, 3, 4 & 8
    2. Does the property in suit belong to the plaintiff No.1 ?
    3. Have plaintiffs acquired title by adverse possession for over 12
    years ?
    4. Are plaintiffs entitled to get management and charge of the
    said temple ?16
    8. Have the rights of the plaintiffs extinguished for want of
    possession for over 12 years prior to the suit ?
    Connected with Issues No. 1B(c), 2, 4, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
    19(a), 19(b), 19(c), 27 & 28 of O.O.S. No. 4 of 1989.
    Decided against the Plaintiffs.
    Issues No. 7(a), 7(b) & 16
    7(a) Has there been a notification under Muslim Waqf Act (Act
    no.13 of 1936) declaring this property in suit as a Sunni Waqf ?
    7(b) Is the said notification final and binding ? Its effect.
    16. Is the suit bad for want of notice u/s 83 of U.P. Act 13 of
    1936 ?
    Connected with issues no. 5(a), 5(b), 5(c), 5(d), 5(e), 5(f),
    7(b), 17, 18, 20(a), 20(b), 23, 24, 25 and 26 in O.O.S No. 4 of
    1989, wherein these issues have been decided against the
    plaintiffs.
    Issue No. 9
    9. Is the suit within time ?
    Connected with issues no. 3 decided in O.O.S. No. 4 of 1989.
    Decided in favour of defendants and against the plaintiffs.
    Issues No. 10(a) & 10(b)
    10(a) Is the suit bad for want of notice u/s 80 C. P.C.
    10(b) Is the above plea available to contesting defendants ?
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the
    defendants.
    Issue No. 11
    11. Is the suit bad for non-joinder of necessary defendants ?
    Connected with Issue No. 21 of O.O.S. No. 4 of 1989.
    Decided in favour of defendants and against the plaintiffs. 17
    Issue No. 14
    14. Is the suit not maintainable as framed ?
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the
    defendants.
    Issue No. 17
    17. (Added by this Hon’ble Court order dated 23.2.96) “Whether
    Nirmohi Akhara, Plaintiff, is Panchayati Math of Rama Nandi
    sect of Bairagies and as such is a religious denomination
    following its religious faith and per suit according to its own
    custom.”
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the
    defendants.
    Issue No. 15
    15. Is the suit properly valued and Court-Fee paid sufficient ?
    (Already decided)
    Issues No. 12 & 13
    12. Are defendants entitled to special costs u/s 35 C.P.C. ?
    No.
    13. To what relief, if any, is the plaintiff entitled ?
    Suit is Dismissed. 18
    O.O.S. No. 5 of 1989    (R.S.NO. 236/1989
    Bhagwan Sri Rama Virajman & Ors. Vs. Sri Rajendra Singh & Ors.

    The instant suit was filed on behalf of the deities and Sri
    Ram Janm Bhumi through the next friend, praying that the
    defendants be restrained not to interfere in the construction of the
    temple of plaintiff nos. 1 and 2 on the ground that the deities are
    perpetual minors and against them Limitation Laws do not run.
    This Court is of the view that place of birth that is Ram Janm
    Bhumi is a juristic person. The deity also attained the divinity like
    Agni, Vayu, Kedarnath. Asthan is personified as the spirit of
    divine worshipped as the birth place of Ram Lala or Lord Ram as
    a child . Spirit of divine ever remains present every where at all
    times for any one to invoke at any shape or form in accordance
    with his own aspirations and it can be shapeless and formless also.
    Case has been decided on the basis of decision of Hon’ble the Apex
    Court specially the law as laid down in 1999(5) SCC page 50,
    Ram Janki Deity Vs. State of Bihar, Gokul Nath Ji Mahraj Vs.
    Nathji Bhogilal AIR 1953 Allahabad 552, AIR 1967 Supreme
    Court 1044 Bishwanath and another Vs. Shri Thakur
    Radhabhallabhji and others & other decisions of Privy Council
    and of different High Courts.
    Finding of the court issue wise is as follows:
    O.O.S. No.
    5 of 1989 19
    ISSUES NO. 1, 2 & 6
    1. Whether the plaintiffs 1 and 2 are juridical persons?
    2. Whether the suit in the name of deities described in the
    plaint as plaintiffs 1 and 2 is not maintainable through
    plaintiff no. 3 as next friend?
    6. Is the plaintiff No. 3 not entitled to represent the plaintiffs 1
    and 2 as their next friend and is the suit not competent on this
    account ?
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the
    defendants.
    ISSUES NO. 9, 10, 14 & 22
    9. Was the disputed structure a mosque known as Babri
    Masjid ?
    10. Whether the disputed structure could be treated to be a
    mosque on the allegations, contained in paragraph-24 of the
    plaint ?
    14. Whether the disputed structure claimed to be Babri Masjid
    was erected after demolishing Janma-Sthan temple at its site?
    22. Whether the premises in question or any part thereof is by
    tradition, belief and faith the birth place of Lord Rama as
    alleged in paragraphs 19 and 20 of the plaint ? If so, its
    effect ?
    Connected with issues No.1, 1(a), 1(b), 1B(b), 11, 19(d),
    19(e) & 19(f) in O.O.S. No. 4 of 1989.
    Decided against Sunni Waqf Board and in favour of the
    plaintiffs.
    ISSUES NO.15, 16 & 24
    15. Whether the disputed structure claimed to be Babri Masjid
    was always used by the Muslims only, regularly for offering 20
    Namaz ever since its alleged construction in 1528 A.D. To
    22nd
    December 1949 as alleged by the defendants 4 and 5 ?
    16. Whether the title of plaintiffs 1 & 2, if any, was
    extinguished as alleged in paragraph 25 of the written
    statement of defendant no. 4 ? If yes, have plaintiffs 1 &
    2 reacquired title by adverse possession as alleged in
    paragraph 29 of the plaint ?
    24. Whether worship has been done of the alleged plaintiff deity
    on the premises in suit since time immemorial as alleged in
    paragraph 25 of the plaint?
    Connected with issues no. 1-B(c), 2, 4, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19(a),
    19(b), 19(c), 27 & 28 of O.O.S. No.4 of 1989.
    Above issues are decided against Sunni Central Waqf
    Board and Others.
    Issue No.17
    17. Whether on any part of the land surrounding the structure
    in dispute there are graves and is any part of that land a
    Muslim Waqf for a graveyard ?
    Deleted vide this Hon’ble Court order dated 23.2.96.
    Issue No.23
    23. Whether the judgment in suit No. 61/280 of 1885 filed by
    Mahant Raghuber Das in the Court of Special Judge,
    Faizabad is binding upon the plaintiffs by application of the
    principles of estoppel and res judicata, as alleged by the
    defendants 4 and 5 ?
    Decided against the defendants and in favour of the
    plaintiffs.
    Issue No.5
    (5) Is the property in question properly identified and described 21
    in the plaint ?
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and in favour of the
    defendants.
    Issues No. 7 & 8
    (7) Whether the defendant no. 3, alone is entitled to represent
    plaintiffs 1 and 2, and is the suit not competent on that
    account as alleged in paragraph 49 of the additional
    written statement of defendant no. 3 ?
    (8) Is the defendant Nirmohi Akhara the “Shebait” of Bhagwan
    Sri Rama installed in the disputed structure ?
    Decided against the defendant no.3 and in favour of
    plaintiffs no. 1, 2 and 3.
    Issues No.19
    19. Whether the suit is bad for non-joinder of necessary parties,
    as pleaded in paragraph 43 of the additional written
    statement of defendant no. 3 ?
    Suit is maintainable.
    Issue No.20
    20. Whether the alleged Trust, creating the Nyas defendant no.
    21, is void on the facts and grounds, stated in paragraph 47
    of the written statement of defendant no. 3 ?
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the
    defendant no.3.
    Issue No.21
    21. Whether the idols in question cannot be treated as deities
    as alleged in paragraphs 1, 11, 12, 21, 22, 27 and 41 of the
    written statement of defendant no. 4 and in paragraph 1 of
    the written statement of defendant no. 5 ?22
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the
    defendants no. 4 and 5.
    Issues No. 26 & 27
    26. Whether the suit is bad for want of notice under Section 80
    C.P.C. as alleged by the defendants 4 and 5?
    27. Whether the plea of suit being bad for want of notice under
    Section 80 C.P.C. can be raised by defendants 4 and 5 ?
    Decided against defendant nos. 4 & 5.
    Issue No.25
    25. Whether the judgment and decree dated 30th
    March 1946
    passed in suit no. 29 of 1945 is not binding upon the
    plaintiffs as alleged by the plaintiffs ?
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the
    defendants.
    Issue No.29
    29. Whether the plaintiffs are precluded from bringing the
    present suit on account of dismissal of suit no. 57 of 1978
    (Bhagwan Sri Ram Lala Vs. state) of the Court of Munsif
    Sadar, Faizabad?
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the
    defendants.
    Issue No.28
    28. Whether the suit is bad for want of notice under Section 65
    of the U.P. Muslim Waqfs Act, 1960 as alleged by defendants
    4 and 5 ? If so, its effect?
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against defendants
    no. 4 and 5.23
    Issue No.18
    18. Whether the suit is barred by Section 34 of the the Specific
    Relief Act as alleged in paragraph 42 of the additional
    written statement of defendant no. 3 and also as alleged in
    paragraph 47 of the written statement of defendant no. 4 and
    paragraph 62 of the written statement of defendant no. 5 ?
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the
    defendants.
    Issues No. 3(a), 3(b), 3(c), 3(d) & 4
    3(a) Whether the idol in question was installed under the central
    dome of the disputed building (since demolished) in the early
    hours of December 23, 1949 as alleged by the plaintiff in
    paragraph 27 of the plaint as clarified on 30.4.92 in their
    statement under order 10 Rule 2 C.P.C. ?
    3(b) Whether the same idol was reinstalled at the same place on a
    chabutra under the canopy?
    3(c) “Whether the idols were placed at the disputed site on or after
    6.12.92 in violation of the courts order dated 14.8.1989,
    7.11.1989 and 15.11. 91 ?
    3(d) If the aforesaid issue is answered in the affirmative, whether
    the idols so placed still acquire the status of a deity?”
    (4) Whether the idols in question had been in existence under the
    “Shikhar” prior to 6.12.92 from time immemorial as alleged
    in paragraph-44 of the additional written statement of
    defendant no. 3 ?
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the
    defendants.
    Issue No.11
    (11) Whether on the averments made in paragraph-25 of the
    plaint, no valid waqf was created in respect of the structure in 24
    dispute to constitute it as a mosque ?
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the
    defendants.
    Issue No.12
    (12) If the structure in question is held to be mosque, can the same
    be shifted as pleaded in paragraphs 34 and 35 of the plaint?
    Deleted vide court order dated 23.2.96.
    Issue No.13
    (13) Whether the suit is barred by limitation ?
    Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the
    defendants.
    Issue No.30
    30. To what relief, if any, are plaintiffs or any of them entitled?
    Plaintiffs are entitled for the relief claimed and the suit is
    decreed with easy costs.

    1/3 for Hindus, 1/3 for Muslims, more details awaited
    Ayodhya land to be divided: Ravi Shankar
    1/3 for Sunni Waqf Board, 1/3 for Nirmohi Akhara, 1/3 for Ram Lalla

    Ayodhya verdict: Land to be divided, claims Ravi Shankar Prasad
    Lucknow: Sixty years after it first went to court, the Lucknow bench of the Allahabad High Court has pronounced verdict on the Ayodhya title suit.

    Senior advocate and BJP leader Ravi Shankar Prasad emerged from court today to say that the three-judge bench had ruled in a majority judgement 2:1, that one-third part of the disputed land should be given to the Sunni Waqf Board, one-third to the Nirmohi Akhara and one-third to the party for ‘Ram Lalla’. Prasad represents one of the litigants.

    Ravi Shankar Prasad claimed the court had ruled that the place where the idol of Ram was kept was the birthplace of the deity and the idols should not removed. (Read: Ayodhya dispute timeline)

    Prasad claimed that the court had asked for a status quo for three months and in that time the litigants had to decide how to split the party.

    Litigants emerged from the courtroom with copies of the judgment and there has been chaos outside the Lucknow court ever since.

    The Lucknow bench of the Allahabad High Court comprising Justice S U Khan, Justice Sudhir Agarwal and Justice D V Sharma, delivered the judgement today.

    The dispute at hand is about whether the 2.7 acres of disputed land on which the Babri Masjid stood before it was demolished on December 6, 1992, belongs to the Sunni Central Waqf Board or to the Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha.

    It has been a protracted legal battle, and people across the country have spoken in one voice on the need to maintain peace and harmony irrespective of the verdict.

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