Envlmnt No.
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
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BE - SEMESTER- 1V EXAMINATION - SUMMER 2020
Subject Code: 3140611 Date:04/11/2020
Subject Name: Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulics
Time: 10:30 AM TO 01:00 PM Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
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- Attempt all questions.
- Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
- Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Q.1 (a) Define density, specific volume & surface tension. 03
(b) The velocity distribution for flow over a flat plate is given by 04
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u=0.75 y - y* in which u is the velocity in metre per second at a
distance y metre above the plate. Determine the shear stress at
y = 0.20 m. Take dynamic viscosity of fluid as 8.0 poise.
(c) Explain the phenomenon of capillarity. Obtain an expression for 07
capillary rise of a liquid.
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Q.2 (a) Define atmospheric, absolute & vacuum pressure. 03
(b) Explain hydrostatic paradox. 04
(c) Write short note on manometers. 07
OR
(c) State & prove Pascal’s law. 07
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Q.3 (a) Define total pressure, centre of pressure & buoyancy. 03
(b) A rectangular plane surface is immersed vertically in water such that 04
its upper edge is touching free surface of liquid. Show that the depth
of centre of pressure is 2/3 d for rectangular surface of width b and
depth d.
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(c) Define metacentre & metacentric height. How will you determine 07
metacentric height of a floating body experimentally? Explain with
neat sketch.
OR
Q.3 (a) Define stream lines, streak lines & flow net. 03
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(b) Differentiate between (i) Uniform & non uniform flow (i) Sub 04
critical & supercritical flow.
(c) State & prove Bernoulli’s equation & write assumption made for 07
such a derivation.
Q.4 (a) Define orifice, mouthpiece & notches. 03
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(b) Find the discharge of water flowing over a rectangular notch of 2.0 04
m length when the constant head over the notch is 500 mm.Take Cq
=0.62
(c) Differentiate between small & large orifice. Obtain an expression 07
for discharge through large orifice.
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OR
Q.4 (a) Define major energy losses in pipe, hydraulic gradient line & total 03
energy line.
(b) Three pipes of lengths 800 m, 500 m and 400 m and of diameters 04
500 mm, 400 mm & 300 mm respectively are connected in series.
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These pipes are to be replaced by a single pipe of length 1700 m.
Find the diameter of the single pipe.
(c) Define viscous flow. Derive expression for Hagen-Poiseuille’s 07
formula.
Q.5 (a) Define gradually varied flow in open channel, specific energy curve & 03
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hydraulic jump.
(b) A sluice gate discharges water into a horizontal rectangular channel 04
with a velocity of 10 m/sec & depth of flow of 1 m. Determine the
depth of flow after the jump & consequent losses in total head.
(c) Define gradually varied flow. Derive equation of gradually varied 07
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flow.
OR
Q.5 (a) Define dimensional homogeneity, similitude & undistorted models 03
(b) Explain method of selecting repeating variables. 04
(c) The pressure difference ?p in a pipe of diameter D and length 1 due 07
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to viscous flow depends on the velocity V, viscosity µ & density ?.
Using Buckingham’s p theorem obtain an expression for ?p.
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