Download MBBS 1st Year (First Year) Physiology including Biophysics II Important Questions From Last 10 Years Question Papers
Important Question Bank
Essay Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define blood pressure. Explain in detail short term regulation of blood
pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
2. Describe the classification, connections and functions of cerebellum.
3. Discuss in detail the neural regulation of respiration.
4. Describe the optic pathway from the photoreceptors to the visual cortex.
Add a note on visual field defects produced by lesions at various levels of
the pathway.
5. Describe the origin, course, termination and functions of pyramidal tract.
Write a note on upper motor lesion.
6. Enumerate the descending tracts of spinal cord. Describe in detail the
pyramidal tracts. Mention its functions and effects of lesion at different
levels.
7. Define arterial blood pressure. Describe the nervous regulation of arterial
blood pressure.
8. Name the functional divisions of the cerebellum. Describe the structure,
connections, and functions of cerebellum. Mention two signs of cerebellar
lesions.
9. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail with the help of a diagram. The
mechanical changes during cardiac cycle. Add a note on heart sounds.
10. Enumerate the ascending tracts in the spinal cord. Describe the pathway
for pain in detail. Add a note on referred pain.
11. Describe the neural regulation of respiration. Add a note on periodic
breathing.
12. What are the types of muscular exercise? Discuss the various physiological
changes occurring during and after exercise.
13. Elucidate how pressure vibrations in the air are perceived as sound.
14. Discuss the short term and long term regulation of Arterial blood
pressure. Add a note on Neurogenic Hypertension.
15. With the help of a diagram, describe the auditory pathway. Add a note on
conduction deafness.
16. Define Cardiac output. Discuss the factors regulating the cardiac output.
Add a note on Fick?s principle.
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MBBS First Year Physiology including Biophysics - II
Important Question Bank
Essay Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define blood pressure. Explain in detail short term regulation of blood
pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
2. Describe the classification, connections and functions of cerebellum.
3. Discuss in detail the neural regulation of respiration.
4. Describe the optic pathway from the photoreceptors to the visual cortex.
Add a note on visual field defects produced by lesions at various levels of
the pathway.
5. Describe the origin, course, termination and functions of pyramidal tract.
Write a note on upper motor lesion.
6. Enumerate the descending tracts of spinal cord. Describe in detail the
pyramidal tracts. Mention its functions and effects of lesion at different
levels.
7. Define arterial blood pressure. Describe the nervous regulation of arterial
blood pressure.
8. Name the functional divisions of the cerebellum. Describe the structure,
connections, and functions of cerebellum. Mention two signs of cerebellar
lesions.
9. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail with the help of a diagram. The
mechanical changes during cardiac cycle. Add a note on heart sounds.
10. Enumerate the ascending tracts in the spinal cord. Describe the pathway
for pain in detail. Add a note on referred pain.
11. Describe the neural regulation of respiration. Add a note on periodic
breathing.
12. What are the types of muscular exercise? Discuss the various physiological
changes occurring during and after exercise.
13. Elucidate how pressure vibrations in the air are perceived as sound.
14. Discuss the short term and long term regulation of Arterial blood
pressure. Add a note on Neurogenic Hypertension.
15. With the help of a diagram, describe the auditory pathway. Add a note on
conduction deafness.
16. Define Cardiac output. Discuss the factors regulating the cardiac output.
Add a note on Fick?s principle.
17. Trace the visual pathway and the effects of lesion at various points in the
pathway.
18. Name the functional Division of Cerebellum. Describe the Structure,
connections and functions of cerebellum. Mention any two signs of
cerebellar lesion.
19. Describe the structure and function of the conducting system of the Heart.
List the properties of cardiac muscle.
20. Draw an oxygen dissociation curve & describe how oxygen is transported
in the blood. Depict the Bohr?s effect.
21. Classify pain. What are the receptors for pain? Describe the dual
Pathways for pain. What is Analgesic system in the brain?
22. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail the pressure volume changes that
occur during a Cardiac cycle with suitable Diagram.
23. Describe the connections and Functions of Hypothalamus.
24. Describe the process of transport of carbondioxide from tissues to lungs.
25. Describe in detail the photochemical mechanism of vision and mechanism
of dark adaptation.
26. Define the term Blood pressure. Discuss the determinants and regulation
of blood pressure.
27. Trace the pathway for perception of pain. Discuss the descending pain
modulatory pathways. Discuss the terms ?Gating of pain? and ?Referred
pain?.
28. Define the terms Cardiac output and Total Peripheral resistance and
discuss their determinants.
29. What are the neural mechanisms involved in spontaneous breathing?
Discuss chemical regulation of respiration. Distinguish between the two
types of respiratory failure.
30. Define blood pressure. Discuss in brief the various factors which influences
the pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
31. Define cardiac cycle. Describe the sequence of events during cardiac cycle
in detail with suitable diagrams.
32. Define cardiac output. Explain the factors regulating cardiac output. Add
a note on ejection fraction.
33. Describe in detail the Pyramidal tract. List out the differences between
UMN and LMN lesions.
34. Explain the chemical regulation of respiration. Add a note on oxygen
toxicity.
35. What is cardiac cycle? Describe the various events in the cardiac cycle.
36. Describe the oxygen transport in blood. Add note on fetal haemoglobin.
FirstRanker.com - FirstRanker's Choice
MBBS First Year Physiology including Biophysics - II
Important Question Bank
Essay Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define blood pressure. Explain in detail short term regulation of blood
pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
2. Describe the classification, connections and functions of cerebellum.
3. Discuss in detail the neural regulation of respiration.
4. Describe the optic pathway from the photoreceptors to the visual cortex.
Add a note on visual field defects produced by lesions at various levels of
the pathway.
5. Describe the origin, course, termination and functions of pyramidal tract.
Write a note on upper motor lesion.
6. Enumerate the descending tracts of spinal cord. Describe in detail the
pyramidal tracts. Mention its functions and effects of lesion at different
levels.
7. Define arterial blood pressure. Describe the nervous regulation of arterial
blood pressure.
8. Name the functional divisions of the cerebellum. Describe the structure,
connections, and functions of cerebellum. Mention two signs of cerebellar
lesions.
9. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail with the help of a diagram. The
mechanical changes during cardiac cycle. Add a note on heart sounds.
10. Enumerate the ascending tracts in the spinal cord. Describe the pathway
for pain in detail. Add a note on referred pain.
11. Describe the neural regulation of respiration. Add a note on periodic
breathing.
12. What are the types of muscular exercise? Discuss the various physiological
changes occurring during and after exercise.
13. Elucidate how pressure vibrations in the air are perceived as sound.
14. Discuss the short term and long term regulation of Arterial blood
pressure. Add a note on Neurogenic Hypertension.
15. With the help of a diagram, describe the auditory pathway. Add a note on
conduction deafness.
16. Define Cardiac output. Discuss the factors regulating the cardiac output.
Add a note on Fick?s principle.
17. Trace the visual pathway and the effects of lesion at various points in the
pathway.
18. Name the functional Division of Cerebellum. Describe the Structure,
connections and functions of cerebellum. Mention any two signs of
cerebellar lesion.
19. Describe the structure and function of the conducting system of the Heart.
List the properties of cardiac muscle.
20. Draw an oxygen dissociation curve & describe how oxygen is transported
in the blood. Depict the Bohr?s effect.
21. Classify pain. What are the receptors for pain? Describe the dual
Pathways for pain. What is Analgesic system in the brain?
22. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail the pressure volume changes that
occur during a Cardiac cycle with suitable Diagram.
23. Describe the connections and Functions of Hypothalamus.
24. Describe the process of transport of carbondioxide from tissues to lungs.
25. Describe in detail the photochemical mechanism of vision and mechanism
of dark adaptation.
26. Define the term Blood pressure. Discuss the determinants and regulation
of blood pressure.
27. Trace the pathway for perception of pain. Discuss the descending pain
modulatory pathways. Discuss the terms ?Gating of pain? and ?Referred
pain?.
28. Define the terms Cardiac output and Total Peripheral resistance and
discuss their determinants.
29. What are the neural mechanisms involved in spontaneous breathing?
Discuss chemical regulation of respiration. Distinguish between the two
types of respiratory failure.
30. Define blood pressure. Discuss in brief the various factors which influences
the pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
31. Define cardiac cycle. Describe the sequence of events during cardiac cycle
in detail with suitable diagrams.
32. Define cardiac output. Explain the factors regulating cardiac output. Add
a note on ejection fraction.
33. Describe in detail the Pyramidal tract. List out the differences between
UMN and LMN lesions.
34. Explain the chemical regulation of respiration. Add a note on oxygen
toxicity.
35. What is cardiac cycle? Describe the various events in the cardiac cycle.
36. Describe the oxygen transport in blood. Add note on fetal haemoglobin.
Write Short Note Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Auto rhythmicity of heart
2. Describe the connections and functions of temporal lobe
3. Golgi tendon reflex
4. Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve
5. Effects of lesions in optic pathway
6. Determinants of Blood pressure
7. Functions of Hypothalamus
8. Baroreceptor reflex
9. Auditory pathway with suitable diagram
10. Adjustment in respiratory physiology at high altitudes
11. Brown Sequard syndrome
12. Oxygen dissociation curve
13. Neural regulation of respiration
14. Functions and tests of cerebellum
15. Describe the bipolar limb leads of ECG What is the significance of (a) PR
interval (b) ST segment in an ECG?
16. Discuss the changes in ventricular volume during different phases of the
cardiac cycle with a diagram
17. Discuss any two pulmonary function tests which can detect obstructive
lung disease
18. Trace the pathway for perception of fine touch
19. Operant conditioning
20. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
21. Define muscle tone and discuss the phenomenon responsible for it
22. What conditions lead to alterations of tone?
23. Endogenous opioid peptides
24. Refractory errors of the eye
25. Discuss the phenomena by which sound waves in air induce action
potentials in the cochlear nerve
26. Ionic basis of the pace-maker potential
27. Windkessel effect of aorta
28. Illustrate with a diagram, the left ventricular volume and pressure
changes
29. during a cardiac cycle
30. Role of myelin sheath in conduction of nerve impulse
31. Functions of hypothalamus
32. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
33. Physiological roles of muscle spindle
34. Chemical regulation of respiration
FirstRanker.com - FirstRanker's Choice
MBBS First Year Physiology including Biophysics - II
Important Question Bank
Essay Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define blood pressure. Explain in detail short term regulation of blood
pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
2. Describe the classification, connections and functions of cerebellum.
3. Discuss in detail the neural regulation of respiration.
4. Describe the optic pathway from the photoreceptors to the visual cortex.
Add a note on visual field defects produced by lesions at various levels of
the pathway.
5. Describe the origin, course, termination and functions of pyramidal tract.
Write a note on upper motor lesion.
6. Enumerate the descending tracts of spinal cord. Describe in detail the
pyramidal tracts. Mention its functions and effects of lesion at different
levels.
7. Define arterial blood pressure. Describe the nervous regulation of arterial
blood pressure.
8. Name the functional divisions of the cerebellum. Describe the structure,
connections, and functions of cerebellum. Mention two signs of cerebellar
lesions.
9. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail with the help of a diagram. The
mechanical changes during cardiac cycle. Add a note on heart sounds.
10. Enumerate the ascending tracts in the spinal cord. Describe the pathway
for pain in detail. Add a note on referred pain.
11. Describe the neural regulation of respiration. Add a note on periodic
breathing.
12. What are the types of muscular exercise? Discuss the various physiological
changes occurring during and after exercise.
13. Elucidate how pressure vibrations in the air are perceived as sound.
14. Discuss the short term and long term regulation of Arterial blood
pressure. Add a note on Neurogenic Hypertension.
15. With the help of a diagram, describe the auditory pathway. Add a note on
conduction deafness.
16. Define Cardiac output. Discuss the factors regulating the cardiac output.
Add a note on Fick?s principle.
17. Trace the visual pathway and the effects of lesion at various points in the
pathway.
18. Name the functional Division of Cerebellum. Describe the Structure,
connections and functions of cerebellum. Mention any two signs of
cerebellar lesion.
19. Describe the structure and function of the conducting system of the Heart.
List the properties of cardiac muscle.
20. Draw an oxygen dissociation curve & describe how oxygen is transported
in the blood. Depict the Bohr?s effect.
21. Classify pain. What are the receptors for pain? Describe the dual
Pathways for pain. What is Analgesic system in the brain?
22. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail the pressure volume changes that
occur during a Cardiac cycle with suitable Diagram.
23. Describe the connections and Functions of Hypothalamus.
24. Describe the process of transport of carbondioxide from tissues to lungs.
25. Describe in detail the photochemical mechanism of vision and mechanism
of dark adaptation.
26. Define the term Blood pressure. Discuss the determinants and regulation
of blood pressure.
27. Trace the pathway for perception of pain. Discuss the descending pain
modulatory pathways. Discuss the terms ?Gating of pain? and ?Referred
pain?.
28. Define the terms Cardiac output and Total Peripheral resistance and
discuss their determinants.
29. What are the neural mechanisms involved in spontaneous breathing?
Discuss chemical regulation of respiration. Distinguish between the two
types of respiratory failure.
30. Define blood pressure. Discuss in brief the various factors which influences
the pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
31. Define cardiac cycle. Describe the sequence of events during cardiac cycle
in detail with suitable diagrams.
32. Define cardiac output. Explain the factors regulating cardiac output. Add
a note on ejection fraction.
33. Describe in detail the Pyramidal tract. List out the differences between
UMN and LMN lesions.
34. Explain the chemical regulation of respiration. Add a note on oxygen
toxicity.
35. What is cardiac cycle? Describe the various events in the cardiac cycle.
36. Describe the oxygen transport in blood. Add note on fetal haemoglobin.
Write Short Note Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Auto rhythmicity of heart
2. Describe the connections and functions of temporal lobe
3. Golgi tendon reflex
4. Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve
5. Effects of lesions in optic pathway
6. Determinants of Blood pressure
7. Functions of Hypothalamus
8. Baroreceptor reflex
9. Auditory pathway with suitable diagram
10. Adjustment in respiratory physiology at high altitudes
11. Brown Sequard syndrome
12. Oxygen dissociation curve
13. Neural regulation of respiration
14. Functions and tests of cerebellum
15. Describe the bipolar limb leads of ECG What is the significance of (a) PR
interval (b) ST segment in an ECG?
16. Discuss the changes in ventricular volume during different phases of the
cardiac cycle with a diagram
17. Discuss any two pulmonary function tests which can detect obstructive
lung disease
18. Trace the pathway for perception of fine touch
19. Operant conditioning
20. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
21. Define muscle tone and discuss the phenomenon responsible for it
22. What conditions lead to alterations of tone?
23. Endogenous opioid peptides
24. Refractory errors of the eye
25. Discuss the phenomena by which sound waves in air induce action
potentials in the cochlear nerve
26. Ionic basis of the pace-maker potential
27. Windkessel effect of aorta
28. Illustrate with a diagram, the left ventricular volume and pressure
changes
29. during a cardiac cycle
30. Role of myelin sheath in conduction of nerve impulse
31. Functions of hypothalamus
32. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
33. Physiological roles of muscle spindle
34. Chemical regulation of respiration
35. Hamburger?s chloride shift
36. Role of surfactant in pulmonary function
37. Decompression sickness
38. Middle ear functions
39. Define cardiac output What are the methods to measure the cardiac
output?
40. Heart sounds
41. Define synapse and describe its properties
42. Describe the functions of thalamus
43. What are the functions of basal ganglia?
44. Describe the physiology of speech
45. Decerebrate rigidity
46. Functions of prefrontal lobe
47. Functional Residual capacity and its significance
48. Types of Hypoxia and its cause
49. Respiratory membrane
50. Neural centres for Regulation of respiration
51. Dead space
52. Pacemaker potential
53. Cardiac Index
54. Dark adaptation
55. Functions of Basal Ganglia
56. Vestibulo cerebellum
57. Frank-starling?s law of the heart
58. Cardiac pacemaker potential
59. Draw a labelled diagram of a normal ECG in lead II Write a brief note on
PR interval
60. Non progressive shock
61. Travelling waves in the ear
62. Ventilation-perfusion ratio
63. Caisson disease
64. Brown Sequard syndrome
65. Functions of Ascending reticular activating system
66. Role of purkinje cells of cerebellum
67. Non respiratory functions of lung
68. What is FRC? How will you measure FRC and its clinical Importance?
69. Artificial respiration
70. Referred pain and its theories
71. Special features of coronary circulation
72. Colour Vision
FirstRanker.com - FirstRanker's Choice
MBBS First Year Physiology including Biophysics - II
Important Question Bank
Essay Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define blood pressure. Explain in detail short term regulation of blood
pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
2. Describe the classification, connections and functions of cerebellum.
3. Discuss in detail the neural regulation of respiration.
4. Describe the optic pathway from the photoreceptors to the visual cortex.
Add a note on visual field defects produced by lesions at various levels of
the pathway.
5. Describe the origin, course, termination and functions of pyramidal tract.
Write a note on upper motor lesion.
6. Enumerate the descending tracts of spinal cord. Describe in detail the
pyramidal tracts. Mention its functions and effects of lesion at different
levels.
7. Define arterial blood pressure. Describe the nervous regulation of arterial
blood pressure.
8. Name the functional divisions of the cerebellum. Describe the structure,
connections, and functions of cerebellum. Mention two signs of cerebellar
lesions.
9. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail with the help of a diagram. The
mechanical changes during cardiac cycle. Add a note on heart sounds.
10. Enumerate the ascending tracts in the spinal cord. Describe the pathway
for pain in detail. Add a note on referred pain.
11. Describe the neural regulation of respiration. Add a note on periodic
breathing.
12. What are the types of muscular exercise? Discuss the various physiological
changes occurring during and after exercise.
13. Elucidate how pressure vibrations in the air are perceived as sound.
14. Discuss the short term and long term regulation of Arterial blood
pressure. Add a note on Neurogenic Hypertension.
15. With the help of a diagram, describe the auditory pathway. Add a note on
conduction deafness.
16. Define Cardiac output. Discuss the factors regulating the cardiac output.
Add a note on Fick?s principle.
17. Trace the visual pathway and the effects of lesion at various points in the
pathway.
18. Name the functional Division of Cerebellum. Describe the Structure,
connections and functions of cerebellum. Mention any two signs of
cerebellar lesion.
19. Describe the structure and function of the conducting system of the Heart.
List the properties of cardiac muscle.
20. Draw an oxygen dissociation curve & describe how oxygen is transported
in the blood. Depict the Bohr?s effect.
21. Classify pain. What are the receptors for pain? Describe the dual
Pathways for pain. What is Analgesic system in the brain?
22. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail the pressure volume changes that
occur during a Cardiac cycle with suitable Diagram.
23. Describe the connections and Functions of Hypothalamus.
24. Describe the process of transport of carbondioxide from tissues to lungs.
25. Describe in detail the photochemical mechanism of vision and mechanism
of dark adaptation.
26. Define the term Blood pressure. Discuss the determinants and regulation
of blood pressure.
27. Trace the pathway for perception of pain. Discuss the descending pain
modulatory pathways. Discuss the terms ?Gating of pain? and ?Referred
pain?.
28. Define the terms Cardiac output and Total Peripheral resistance and
discuss their determinants.
29. What are the neural mechanisms involved in spontaneous breathing?
Discuss chemical regulation of respiration. Distinguish between the two
types of respiratory failure.
30. Define blood pressure. Discuss in brief the various factors which influences
the pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
31. Define cardiac cycle. Describe the sequence of events during cardiac cycle
in detail with suitable diagrams.
32. Define cardiac output. Explain the factors regulating cardiac output. Add
a note on ejection fraction.
33. Describe in detail the Pyramidal tract. List out the differences between
UMN and LMN lesions.
34. Explain the chemical regulation of respiration. Add a note on oxygen
toxicity.
35. What is cardiac cycle? Describe the various events in the cardiac cycle.
36. Describe the oxygen transport in blood. Add note on fetal haemoglobin.
Write Short Note Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Auto rhythmicity of heart
2. Describe the connections and functions of temporal lobe
3. Golgi tendon reflex
4. Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve
5. Effects of lesions in optic pathway
6. Determinants of Blood pressure
7. Functions of Hypothalamus
8. Baroreceptor reflex
9. Auditory pathway with suitable diagram
10. Adjustment in respiratory physiology at high altitudes
11. Brown Sequard syndrome
12. Oxygen dissociation curve
13. Neural regulation of respiration
14. Functions and tests of cerebellum
15. Describe the bipolar limb leads of ECG What is the significance of (a) PR
interval (b) ST segment in an ECG?
16. Discuss the changes in ventricular volume during different phases of the
cardiac cycle with a diagram
17. Discuss any two pulmonary function tests which can detect obstructive
lung disease
18. Trace the pathway for perception of fine touch
19. Operant conditioning
20. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
21. Define muscle tone and discuss the phenomenon responsible for it
22. What conditions lead to alterations of tone?
23. Endogenous opioid peptides
24. Refractory errors of the eye
25. Discuss the phenomena by which sound waves in air induce action
potentials in the cochlear nerve
26. Ionic basis of the pace-maker potential
27. Windkessel effect of aorta
28. Illustrate with a diagram, the left ventricular volume and pressure
changes
29. during a cardiac cycle
30. Role of myelin sheath in conduction of nerve impulse
31. Functions of hypothalamus
32. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
33. Physiological roles of muscle spindle
34. Chemical regulation of respiration
35. Hamburger?s chloride shift
36. Role of surfactant in pulmonary function
37. Decompression sickness
38. Middle ear functions
39. Define cardiac output What are the methods to measure the cardiac
output?
40. Heart sounds
41. Define synapse and describe its properties
42. Describe the functions of thalamus
43. What are the functions of basal ganglia?
44. Describe the physiology of speech
45. Decerebrate rigidity
46. Functions of prefrontal lobe
47. Functional Residual capacity and its significance
48. Types of Hypoxia and its cause
49. Respiratory membrane
50. Neural centres for Regulation of respiration
51. Dead space
52. Pacemaker potential
53. Cardiac Index
54. Dark adaptation
55. Functions of Basal Ganglia
56. Vestibulo cerebellum
57. Frank-starling?s law of the heart
58. Cardiac pacemaker potential
59. Draw a labelled diagram of a normal ECG in lead II Write a brief note on
PR interval
60. Non progressive shock
61. Travelling waves in the ear
62. Ventilation-perfusion ratio
63. Caisson disease
64. Brown Sequard syndrome
65. Functions of Ascending reticular activating system
66. Role of purkinje cells of cerebellum
67. Non respiratory functions of lung
68. What is FRC? How will you measure FRC and its clinical Importance?
69. Artificial respiration
70. Referred pain and its theories
71. Special features of coronary circulation
72. Colour Vision
73. Taste pathway
74. Explain Dark adaptation
75. What is Myasthenia Gravis? Explain the biological basis of it?s treatment
76. Brown sequared syndrome
77. Normal ECG in Lead II
78. Regulation of coronary blood flow
79. Compliance of lung
80. Carbon dioxide transport
81. Dysbarism
82. Functions of Thalamus
83. REM sleep
84. Decerebrate rigidity
85. Taste pathway
86. Theories of hearing
87. Theories of Hearing
88. Anterior spino thalamic tract
89. Postural reflexes
90. Aqueous humor
91. Taste pathway
92. Cerebral circulation
93. Color vision
94. CO transport
95. Chemo receptors
96. Endothelins
97. Kirchoff?s law and Einthoven?s law
98. Excitation contraction coupling in cardiac muscle
99. Triple response in skin
100. Physiological dead space
101. Dysbarism
102. Causes of muscle tone
103. Function of palaeostriatum
104. Climbing, mossy and parallel fibres
105. Control of appetite
106. Induction of sleep
107. Compliance of lungs
108. Brown sequard syndrome
109. Blood brain barrier
110. Surfactant
111. Chronaxie and rheobase
112. Pupillary light Reflexes
FirstRanker.com - FirstRanker's Choice
MBBS First Year Physiology including Biophysics - II
Important Question Bank
Essay Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define blood pressure. Explain in detail short term regulation of blood
pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
2. Describe the classification, connections and functions of cerebellum.
3. Discuss in detail the neural regulation of respiration.
4. Describe the optic pathway from the photoreceptors to the visual cortex.
Add a note on visual field defects produced by lesions at various levels of
the pathway.
5. Describe the origin, course, termination and functions of pyramidal tract.
Write a note on upper motor lesion.
6. Enumerate the descending tracts of spinal cord. Describe in detail the
pyramidal tracts. Mention its functions and effects of lesion at different
levels.
7. Define arterial blood pressure. Describe the nervous regulation of arterial
blood pressure.
8. Name the functional divisions of the cerebellum. Describe the structure,
connections, and functions of cerebellum. Mention two signs of cerebellar
lesions.
9. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail with the help of a diagram. The
mechanical changes during cardiac cycle. Add a note on heart sounds.
10. Enumerate the ascending tracts in the spinal cord. Describe the pathway
for pain in detail. Add a note on referred pain.
11. Describe the neural regulation of respiration. Add a note on periodic
breathing.
12. What are the types of muscular exercise? Discuss the various physiological
changes occurring during and after exercise.
13. Elucidate how pressure vibrations in the air are perceived as sound.
14. Discuss the short term and long term regulation of Arterial blood
pressure. Add a note on Neurogenic Hypertension.
15. With the help of a diagram, describe the auditory pathway. Add a note on
conduction deafness.
16. Define Cardiac output. Discuss the factors regulating the cardiac output.
Add a note on Fick?s principle.
17. Trace the visual pathway and the effects of lesion at various points in the
pathway.
18. Name the functional Division of Cerebellum. Describe the Structure,
connections and functions of cerebellum. Mention any two signs of
cerebellar lesion.
19. Describe the structure and function of the conducting system of the Heart.
List the properties of cardiac muscle.
20. Draw an oxygen dissociation curve & describe how oxygen is transported
in the blood. Depict the Bohr?s effect.
21. Classify pain. What are the receptors for pain? Describe the dual
Pathways for pain. What is Analgesic system in the brain?
22. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail the pressure volume changes that
occur during a Cardiac cycle with suitable Diagram.
23. Describe the connections and Functions of Hypothalamus.
24. Describe the process of transport of carbondioxide from tissues to lungs.
25. Describe in detail the photochemical mechanism of vision and mechanism
of dark adaptation.
26. Define the term Blood pressure. Discuss the determinants and regulation
of blood pressure.
27. Trace the pathway for perception of pain. Discuss the descending pain
modulatory pathways. Discuss the terms ?Gating of pain? and ?Referred
pain?.
28. Define the terms Cardiac output and Total Peripheral resistance and
discuss their determinants.
29. What are the neural mechanisms involved in spontaneous breathing?
Discuss chemical regulation of respiration. Distinguish between the two
types of respiratory failure.
30. Define blood pressure. Discuss in brief the various factors which influences
the pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
31. Define cardiac cycle. Describe the sequence of events during cardiac cycle
in detail with suitable diagrams.
32. Define cardiac output. Explain the factors regulating cardiac output. Add
a note on ejection fraction.
33. Describe in detail the Pyramidal tract. List out the differences between
UMN and LMN lesions.
34. Explain the chemical regulation of respiration. Add a note on oxygen
toxicity.
35. What is cardiac cycle? Describe the various events in the cardiac cycle.
36. Describe the oxygen transport in blood. Add note on fetal haemoglobin.
Write Short Note Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Auto rhythmicity of heart
2. Describe the connections and functions of temporal lobe
3. Golgi tendon reflex
4. Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve
5. Effects of lesions in optic pathway
6. Determinants of Blood pressure
7. Functions of Hypothalamus
8. Baroreceptor reflex
9. Auditory pathway with suitable diagram
10. Adjustment in respiratory physiology at high altitudes
11. Brown Sequard syndrome
12. Oxygen dissociation curve
13. Neural regulation of respiration
14. Functions and tests of cerebellum
15. Describe the bipolar limb leads of ECG What is the significance of (a) PR
interval (b) ST segment in an ECG?
16. Discuss the changes in ventricular volume during different phases of the
cardiac cycle with a diagram
17. Discuss any two pulmonary function tests which can detect obstructive
lung disease
18. Trace the pathway for perception of fine touch
19. Operant conditioning
20. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
21. Define muscle tone and discuss the phenomenon responsible for it
22. What conditions lead to alterations of tone?
23. Endogenous opioid peptides
24. Refractory errors of the eye
25. Discuss the phenomena by which sound waves in air induce action
potentials in the cochlear nerve
26. Ionic basis of the pace-maker potential
27. Windkessel effect of aorta
28. Illustrate with a diagram, the left ventricular volume and pressure
changes
29. during a cardiac cycle
30. Role of myelin sheath in conduction of nerve impulse
31. Functions of hypothalamus
32. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
33. Physiological roles of muscle spindle
34. Chemical regulation of respiration
35. Hamburger?s chloride shift
36. Role of surfactant in pulmonary function
37. Decompression sickness
38. Middle ear functions
39. Define cardiac output What are the methods to measure the cardiac
output?
40. Heart sounds
41. Define synapse and describe its properties
42. Describe the functions of thalamus
43. What are the functions of basal ganglia?
44. Describe the physiology of speech
45. Decerebrate rigidity
46. Functions of prefrontal lobe
47. Functional Residual capacity and its significance
48. Types of Hypoxia and its cause
49. Respiratory membrane
50. Neural centres for Regulation of respiration
51. Dead space
52. Pacemaker potential
53. Cardiac Index
54. Dark adaptation
55. Functions of Basal Ganglia
56. Vestibulo cerebellum
57. Frank-starling?s law of the heart
58. Cardiac pacemaker potential
59. Draw a labelled diagram of a normal ECG in lead II Write a brief note on
PR interval
60. Non progressive shock
61. Travelling waves in the ear
62. Ventilation-perfusion ratio
63. Caisson disease
64. Brown Sequard syndrome
65. Functions of Ascending reticular activating system
66. Role of purkinje cells of cerebellum
67. Non respiratory functions of lung
68. What is FRC? How will you measure FRC and its clinical Importance?
69. Artificial respiration
70. Referred pain and its theories
71. Special features of coronary circulation
72. Colour Vision
73. Taste pathway
74. Explain Dark adaptation
75. What is Myasthenia Gravis? Explain the biological basis of it?s treatment
76. Brown sequared syndrome
77. Normal ECG in Lead II
78. Regulation of coronary blood flow
79. Compliance of lung
80. Carbon dioxide transport
81. Dysbarism
82. Functions of Thalamus
83. REM sleep
84. Decerebrate rigidity
85. Taste pathway
86. Theories of hearing
87. Theories of Hearing
88. Anterior spino thalamic tract
89. Postural reflexes
90. Aqueous humor
91. Taste pathway
92. Cerebral circulation
93. Color vision
94. CO transport
95. Chemo receptors
96. Endothelins
97. Kirchoff?s law and Einthoven?s law
98. Excitation contraction coupling in cardiac muscle
99. Triple response in skin
100. Physiological dead space
101. Dysbarism
102. Causes of muscle tone
103. Function of palaeostriatum
104. Climbing, mossy and parallel fibres
105. Control of appetite
106. Induction of sleep
107. Compliance of lungs
108. Brown sequard syndrome
109. Blood brain barrier
110. Surfactant
111. Chronaxie and rheobase
112. Pupillary light Reflexes
113. Pace maker potentials
114. Atrial natriuretic peptide
115. Draw the optic pathway Depict the lesions at various levels
116. Peculiarities of pulmonary circulation
117. Neuro-muscular junction
118. Compare rem and nonrem sleep
119. Triple response
120. Describe formation, circulation and functions of cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF)
121. Functions of vestibular apparatus
122. Explain ?Dark Adaptation?
123. Organ of corti
124. Describe decompression sickness
125. Describe chemical control of respiration
126. What is myasthenia gravis Describe the biological basis of its
treatment
127. Surfactant
128. Chloride Shift
129. Artificial respiration
130. Taste Pathway
131. Effects of lesion in optic pathway
132. Brown sequard syndrome
133. Functions of Thalamus
134. Pacemaker Potential
135. Regulation of coronary circulation
136. Neuromuscular transmission
Write Short Answer Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define sarcomere Mention normal length of sarcomere
2. Myasthenia gravis
3. Windkissel effect
4. Phonocardiogram
5. Haldane?s effect
6. VO Max
7. Babinski sign
8. Alpha block
9. Functions of Aqueous humor
FirstRanker.com - FirstRanker's Choice
MBBS First Year Physiology including Biophysics - II
Important Question Bank
Essay Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define blood pressure. Explain in detail short term regulation of blood
pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
2. Describe the classification, connections and functions of cerebellum.
3. Discuss in detail the neural regulation of respiration.
4. Describe the optic pathway from the photoreceptors to the visual cortex.
Add a note on visual field defects produced by lesions at various levels of
the pathway.
5. Describe the origin, course, termination and functions of pyramidal tract.
Write a note on upper motor lesion.
6. Enumerate the descending tracts of spinal cord. Describe in detail the
pyramidal tracts. Mention its functions and effects of lesion at different
levels.
7. Define arterial blood pressure. Describe the nervous regulation of arterial
blood pressure.
8. Name the functional divisions of the cerebellum. Describe the structure,
connections, and functions of cerebellum. Mention two signs of cerebellar
lesions.
9. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail with the help of a diagram. The
mechanical changes during cardiac cycle. Add a note on heart sounds.
10. Enumerate the ascending tracts in the spinal cord. Describe the pathway
for pain in detail. Add a note on referred pain.
11. Describe the neural regulation of respiration. Add a note on periodic
breathing.
12. What are the types of muscular exercise? Discuss the various physiological
changes occurring during and after exercise.
13. Elucidate how pressure vibrations in the air are perceived as sound.
14. Discuss the short term and long term regulation of Arterial blood
pressure. Add a note on Neurogenic Hypertension.
15. With the help of a diagram, describe the auditory pathway. Add a note on
conduction deafness.
16. Define Cardiac output. Discuss the factors regulating the cardiac output.
Add a note on Fick?s principle.
17. Trace the visual pathway and the effects of lesion at various points in the
pathway.
18. Name the functional Division of Cerebellum. Describe the Structure,
connections and functions of cerebellum. Mention any two signs of
cerebellar lesion.
19. Describe the structure and function of the conducting system of the Heart.
List the properties of cardiac muscle.
20. Draw an oxygen dissociation curve & describe how oxygen is transported
in the blood. Depict the Bohr?s effect.
21. Classify pain. What are the receptors for pain? Describe the dual
Pathways for pain. What is Analgesic system in the brain?
22. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail the pressure volume changes that
occur during a Cardiac cycle with suitable Diagram.
23. Describe the connections and Functions of Hypothalamus.
24. Describe the process of transport of carbondioxide from tissues to lungs.
25. Describe in detail the photochemical mechanism of vision and mechanism
of dark adaptation.
26. Define the term Blood pressure. Discuss the determinants and regulation
of blood pressure.
27. Trace the pathway for perception of pain. Discuss the descending pain
modulatory pathways. Discuss the terms ?Gating of pain? and ?Referred
pain?.
28. Define the terms Cardiac output and Total Peripheral resistance and
discuss their determinants.
29. What are the neural mechanisms involved in spontaneous breathing?
Discuss chemical regulation of respiration. Distinguish between the two
types of respiratory failure.
30. Define blood pressure. Discuss in brief the various factors which influences
the pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
31. Define cardiac cycle. Describe the sequence of events during cardiac cycle
in detail with suitable diagrams.
32. Define cardiac output. Explain the factors regulating cardiac output. Add
a note on ejection fraction.
33. Describe in detail the Pyramidal tract. List out the differences between
UMN and LMN lesions.
34. Explain the chemical regulation of respiration. Add a note on oxygen
toxicity.
35. What is cardiac cycle? Describe the various events in the cardiac cycle.
36. Describe the oxygen transport in blood. Add note on fetal haemoglobin.
Write Short Note Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Auto rhythmicity of heart
2. Describe the connections and functions of temporal lobe
3. Golgi tendon reflex
4. Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve
5. Effects of lesions in optic pathway
6. Determinants of Blood pressure
7. Functions of Hypothalamus
8. Baroreceptor reflex
9. Auditory pathway with suitable diagram
10. Adjustment in respiratory physiology at high altitudes
11. Brown Sequard syndrome
12. Oxygen dissociation curve
13. Neural regulation of respiration
14. Functions and tests of cerebellum
15. Describe the bipolar limb leads of ECG What is the significance of (a) PR
interval (b) ST segment in an ECG?
16. Discuss the changes in ventricular volume during different phases of the
cardiac cycle with a diagram
17. Discuss any two pulmonary function tests which can detect obstructive
lung disease
18. Trace the pathway for perception of fine touch
19. Operant conditioning
20. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
21. Define muscle tone and discuss the phenomenon responsible for it
22. What conditions lead to alterations of tone?
23. Endogenous opioid peptides
24. Refractory errors of the eye
25. Discuss the phenomena by which sound waves in air induce action
potentials in the cochlear nerve
26. Ionic basis of the pace-maker potential
27. Windkessel effect of aorta
28. Illustrate with a diagram, the left ventricular volume and pressure
changes
29. during a cardiac cycle
30. Role of myelin sheath in conduction of nerve impulse
31. Functions of hypothalamus
32. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
33. Physiological roles of muscle spindle
34. Chemical regulation of respiration
35. Hamburger?s chloride shift
36. Role of surfactant in pulmonary function
37. Decompression sickness
38. Middle ear functions
39. Define cardiac output What are the methods to measure the cardiac
output?
40. Heart sounds
41. Define synapse and describe its properties
42. Describe the functions of thalamus
43. What are the functions of basal ganglia?
44. Describe the physiology of speech
45. Decerebrate rigidity
46. Functions of prefrontal lobe
47. Functional Residual capacity and its significance
48. Types of Hypoxia and its cause
49. Respiratory membrane
50. Neural centres for Regulation of respiration
51. Dead space
52. Pacemaker potential
53. Cardiac Index
54. Dark adaptation
55. Functions of Basal Ganglia
56. Vestibulo cerebellum
57. Frank-starling?s law of the heart
58. Cardiac pacemaker potential
59. Draw a labelled diagram of a normal ECG in lead II Write a brief note on
PR interval
60. Non progressive shock
61. Travelling waves in the ear
62. Ventilation-perfusion ratio
63. Caisson disease
64. Brown Sequard syndrome
65. Functions of Ascending reticular activating system
66. Role of purkinje cells of cerebellum
67. Non respiratory functions of lung
68. What is FRC? How will you measure FRC and its clinical Importance?
69. Artificial respiration
70. Referred pain and its theories
71. Special features of coronary circulation
72. Colour Vision
73. Taste pathway
74. Explain Dark adaptation
75. What is Myasthenia Gravis? Explain the biological basis of it?s treatment
76. Brown sequared syndrome
77. Normal ECG in Lead II
78. Regulation of coronary blood flow
79. Compliance of lung
80. Carbon dioxide transport
81. Dysbarism
82. Functions of Thalamus
83. REM sleep
84. Decerebrate rigidity
85. Taste pathway
86. Theories of hearing
87. Theories of Hearing
88. Anterior spino thalamic tract
89. Postural reflexes
90. Aqueous humor
91. Taste pathway
92. Cerebral circulation
93. Color vision
94. CO transport
95. Chemo receptors
96. Endothelins
97. Kirchoff?s law and Einthoven?s law
98. Excitation contraction coupling in cardiac muscle
99. Triple response in skin
100. Physiological dead space
101. Dysbarism
102. Causes of muscle tone
103. Function of palaeostriatum
104. Climbing, mossy and parallel fibres
105. Control of appetite
106. Induction of sleep
107. Compliance of lungs
108. Brown sequard syndrome
109. Blood brain barrier
110. Surfactant
111. Chronaxie and rheobase
112. Pupillary light Reflexes
113. Pace maker potentials
114. Atrial natriuretic peptide
115. Draw the optic pathway Depict the lesions at various levels
116. Peculiarities of pulmonary circulation
117. Neuro-muscular junction
118. Compare rem and nonrem sleep
119. Triple response
120. Describe formation, circulation and functions of cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF)
121. Functions of vestibular apparatus
122. Explain ?Dark Adaptation?
123. Organ of corti
124. Describe decompression sickness
125. Describe chemical control of respiration
126. What is myasthenia gravis Describe the biological basis of its
treatment
127. Surfactant
128. Chloride Shift
129. Artificial respiration
130. Taste Pathway
131. Effects of lesion in optic pathway
132. Brown sequard syndrome
133. Functions of Thalamus
134. Pacemaker Potential
135. Regulation of coronary circulation
136. Neuromuscular transmission
Write Short Answer Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define sarcomere Mention normal length of sarcomere
2. Myasthenia gravis
3. Windkissel effect
4. Phonocardiogram
5. Haldane?s effect
6. VO Max
7. Babinski sign
8. Alpha block
9. Functions of Aqueous humor
10. Rinne?s Test
11. Explain the basic defect in astigmatism and its correction
12. Draw a labelled diagram of arterial pulse and explain
13. Draw a labelled diagram of pathways for taste
14. Rigor mortis
15. Phantom limb
16. Oxygen debt
17. What is Bohr?s effect? What is its physiologic significance?
18. Draw a normal ECG and label it
19. Refractory period
20. Define Terms: Chronaxie, Rheobase and utilization time
21. Wernicke?s aphasia
22. Acetyl choline
23. Parkinson?s disease: Features
24. Rapid ? Eye movement sleep
25. Anti ? G Suit
26. Clinical significance of electro encephalo gram
27. Chloride shift
28. Jugular venous pulse
29. Contents of middle ear
30. Functions of placenta
31. Tracing of arterial pulse
32. Reynold?s number
33. Pre load and after load in the heart
34. Sneezing reflex
35. Denervation hypersensitivity
36. Reciprocal inhibition
37. Consolidation of memory
38. Formation of cerebrospinal fluid
39. Gustatory receptors
40. Dark adaptation
41. Broca?s Area
42. Spinal Animal
43. SCUBA diving
44. Cardiac Index
45. Bohr?s effect
46. Inverse stretch reflex
47. Respiratory distress syndrome
48. Thalamic syndrome
49. Unipolar limb leads
FirstRanker.com - FirstRanker's Choice
MBBS First Year Physiology including Biophysics - II
Important Question Bank
Essay Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define blood pressure. Explain in detail short term regulation of blood
pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
2. Describe the classification, connections and functions of cerebellum.
3. Discuss in detail the neural regulation of respiration.
4. Describe the optic pathway from the photoreceptors to the visual cortex.
Add a note on visual field defects produced by lesions at various levels of
the pathway.
5. Describe the origin, course, termination and functions of pyramidal tract.
Write a note on upper motor lesion.
6. Enumerate the descending tracts of spinal cord. Describe in detail the
pyramidal tracts. Mention its functions and effects of lesion at different
levels.
7. Define arterial blood pressure. Describe the nervous regulation of arterial
blood pressure.
8. Name the functional divisions of the cerebellum. Describe the structure,
connections, and functions of cerebellum. Mention two signs of cerebellar
lesions.
9. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail with the help of a diagram. The
mechanical changes during cardiac cycle. Add a note on heart sounds.
10. Enumerate the ascending tracts in the spinal cord. Describe the pathway
for pain in detail. Add a note on referred pain.
11. Describe the neural regulation of respiration. Add a note on periodic
breathing.
12. What are the types of muscular exercise? Discuss the various physiological
changes occurring during and after exercise.
13. Elucidate how pressure vibrations in the air are perceived as sound.
14. Discuss the short term and long term regulation of Arterial blood
pressure. Add a note on Neurogenic Hypertension.
15. With the help of a diagram, describe the auditory pathway. Add a note on
conduction deafness.
16. Define Cardiac output. Discuss the factors regulating the cardiac output.
Add a note on Fick?s principle.
17. Trace the visual pathway and the effects of lesion at various points in the
pathway.
18. Name the functional Division of Cerebellum. Describe the Structure,
connections and functions of cerebellum. Mention any two signs of
cerebellar lesion.
19. Describe the structure and function of the conducting system of the Heart.
List the properties of cardiac muscle.
20. Draw an oxygen dissociation curve & describe how oxygen is transported
in the blood. Depict the Bohr?s effect.
21. Classify pain. What are the receptors for pain? Describe the dual
Pathways for pain. What is Analgesic system in the brain?
22. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail the pressure volume changes that
occur during a Cardiac cycle with suitable Diagram.
23. Describe the connections and Functions of Hypothalamus.
24. Describe the process of transport of carbondioxide from tissues to lungs.
25. Describe in detail the photochemical mechanism of vision and mechanism
of dark adaptation.
26. Define the term Blood pressure. Discuss the determinants and regulation
of blood pressure.
27. Trace the pathway for perception of pain. Discuss the descending pain
modulatory pathways. Discuss the terms ?Gating of pain? and ?Referred
pain?.
28. Define the terms Cardiac output and Total Peripheral resistance and
discuss their determinants.
29. What are the neural mechanisms involved in spontaneous breathing?
Discuss chemical regulation of respiration. Distinguish between the two
types of respiratory failure.
30. Define blood pressure. Discuss in brief the various factors which influences
the pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
31. Define cardiac cycle. Describe the sequence of events during cardiac cycle
in detail with suitable diagrams.
32. Define cardiac output. Explain the factors regulating cardiac output. Add
a note on ejection fraction.
33. Describe in detail the Pyramidal tract. List out the differences between
UMN and LMN lesions.
34. Explain the chemical regulation of respiration. Add a note on oxygen
toxicity.
35. What is cardiac cycle? Describe the various events in the cardiac cycle.
36. Describe the oxygen transport in blood. Add note on fetal haemoglobin.
Write Short Note Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Auto rhythmicity of heart
2. Describe the connections and functions of temporal lobe
3. Golgi tendon reflex
4. Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve
5. Effects of lesions in optic pathway
6. Determinants of Blood pressure
7. Functions of Hypothalamus
8. Baroreceptor reflex
9. Auditory pathway with suitable diagram
10. Adjustment in respiratory physiology at high altitudes
11. Brown Sequard syndrome
12. Oxygen dissociation curve
13. Neural regulation of respiration
14. Functions and tests of cerebellum
15. Describe the bipolar limb leads of ECG What is the significance of (a) PR
interval (b) ST segment in an ECG?
16. Discuss the changes in ventricular volume during different phases of the
cardiac cycle with a diagram
17. Discuss any two pulmonary function tests which can detect obstructive
lung disease
18. Trace the pathway for perception of fine touch
19. Operant conditioning
20. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
21. Define muscle tone and discuss the phenomenon responsible for it
22. What conditions lead to alterations of tone?
23. Endogenous opioid peptides
24. Refractory errors of the eye
25. Discuss the phenomena by which sound waves in air induce action
potentials in the cochlear nerve
26. Ionic basis of the pace-maker potential
27. Windkessel effect of aorta
28. Illustrate with a diagram, the left ventricular volume and pressure
changes
29. during a cardiac cycle
30. Role of myelin sheath in conduction of nerve impulse
31. Functions of hypothalamus
32. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
33. Physiological roles of muscle spindle
34. Chemical regulation of respiration
35. Hamburger?s chloride shift
36. Role of surfactant in pulmonary function
37. Decompression sickness
38. Middle ear functions
39. Define cardiac output What are the methods to measure the cardiac
output?
40. Heart sounds
41. Define synapse and describe its properties
42. Describe the functions of thalamus
43. What are the functions of basal ganglia?
44. Describe the physiology of speech
45. Decerebrate rigidity
46. Functions of prefrontal lobe
47. Functional Residual capacity and its significance
48. Types of Hypoxia and its cause
49. Respiratory membrane
50. Neural centres for Regulation of respiration
51. Dead space
52. Pacemaker potential
53. Cardiac Index
54. Dark adaptation
55. Functions of Basal Ganglia
56. Vestibulo cerebellum
57. Frank-starling?s law of the heart
58. Cardiac pacemaker potential
59. Draw a labelled diagram of a normal ECG in lead II Write a brief note on
PR interval
60. Non progressive shock
61. Travelling waves in the ear
62. Ventilation-perfusion ratio
63. Caisson disease
64. Brown Sequard syndrome
65. Functions of Ascending reticular activating system
66. Role of purkinje cells of cerebellum
67. Non respiratory functions of lung
68. What is FRC? How will you measure FRC and its clinical Importance?
69. Artificial respiration
70. Referred pain and its theories
71. Special features of coronary circulation
72. Colour Vision
73. Taste pathway
74. Explain Dark adaptation
75. What is Myasthenia Gravis? Explain the biological basis of it?s treatment
76. Brown sequared syndrome
77. Normal ECG in Lead II
78. Regulation of coronary blood flow
79. Compliance of lung
80. Carbon dioxide transport
81. Dysbarism
82. Functions of Thalamus
83. REM sleep
84. Decerebrate rigidity
85. Taste pathway
86. Theories of hearing
87. Theories of Hearing
88. Anterior spino thalamic tract
89. Postural reflexes
90. Aqueous humor
91. Taste pathway
92. Cerebral circulation
93. Color vision
94. CO transport
95. Chemo receptors
96. Endothelins
97. Kirchoff?s law and Einthoven?s law
98. Excitation contraction coupling in cardiac muscle
99. Triple response in skin
100. Physiological dead space
101. Dysbarism
102. Causes of muscle tone
103. Function of palaeostriatum
104. Climbing, mossy and parallel fibres
105. Control of appetite
106. Induction of sleep
107. Compliance of lungs
108. Brown sequard syndrome
109. Blood brain barrier
110. Surfactant
111. Chronaxie and rheobase
112. Pupillary light Reflexes
113. Pace maker potentials
114. Atrial natriuretic peptide
115. Draw the optic pathway Depict the lesions at various levels
116. Peculiarities of pulmonary circulation
117. Neuro-muscular junction
118. Compare rem and nonrem sleep
119. Triple response
120. Describe formation, circulation and functions of cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF)
121. Functions of vestibular apparatus
122. Explain ?Dark Adaptation?
123. Organ of corti
124. Describe decompression sickness
125. Describe chemical control of respiration
126. What is myasthenia gravis Describe the biological basis of its
treatment
127. Surfactant
128. Chloride Shift
129. Artificial respiration
130. Taste Pathway
131. Effects of lesion in optic pathway
132. Brown sequard syndrome
133. Functions of Thalamus
134. Pacemaker Potential
135. Regulation of coronary circulation
136. Neuromuscular transmission
Write Short Answer Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define sarcomere Mention normal length of sarcomere
2. Myasthenia gravis
3. Windkissel effect
4. Phonocardiogram
5. Haldane?s effect
6. VO Max
7. Babinski sign
8. Alpha block
9. Functions of Aqueous humor
10. Rinne?s Test
11. Explain the basic defect in astigmatism and its correction
12. Draw a labelled diagram of arterial pulse and explain
13. Draw a labelled diagram of pathways for taste
14. Rigor mortis
15. Phantom limb
16. Oxygen debt
17. What is Bohr?s effect? What is its physiologic significance?
18. Draw a normal ECG and label it
19. Refractory period
20. Define Terms: Chronaxie, Rheobase and utilization time
21. Wernicke?s aphasia
22. Acetyl choline
23. Parkinson?s disease: Features
24. Rapid ? Eye movement sleep
25. Anti ? G Suit
26. Clinical significance of electro encephalo gram
27. Chloride shift
28. Jugular venous pulse
29. Contents of middle ear
30. Functions of placenta
31. Tracing of arterial pulse
32. Reynold?s number
33. Pre load and after load in the heart
34. Sneezing reflex
35. Denervation hypersensitivity
36. Reciprocal inhibition
37. Consolidation of memory
38. Formation of cerebrospinal fluid
39. Gustatory receptors
40. Dark adaptation
41. Broca?s Area
42. Spinal Animal
43. SCUBA diving
44. Cardiac Index
45. Bohr?s effect
46. Inverse stretch reflex
47. Respiratory distress syndrome
48. Thalamic syndrome
49. Unipolar limb leads
50. Astigmatism
51. State Frank Starling?s law of the heart
52. List short term regulation of blood pressure
53. Intrapleural pressure
54. State dead space and its normal value
55. Define Histotoxic hypoxia with an example
56. What is Bell ? Megendie law?
57. Four functions of Reticular activating system
58. Functions of prefrontal lobe
59. What is Endo chochlear potential?
60. Delta waves in EEG
61. Draw the diagram of alveocapillary membrane and write the thickness of
it
62. What is SCUBA?
63. Who discovered J receptors? What is its Physiological significance?
64. What are otolith organs?
65. What is alpha block?
66. Define Frank-Starling law
67. What is Monroe Kellie Doctrine law?
68. What is Stereognosis? Where is its centre?
69. What are the functions of frontal lobe?
70. What are the mechanoreceptor? Give example
71. What is summation? Mention its types
72. What are Cholinergic & Adrenergic receptors?
73. Draw the structure of rods & Cones
74. What is the difference between the Spasticity and Rigidity
75. Define histotoxic hypoxia
76. Astigmatism
77. Ocular dominance columns
78. Dicrotic notch
79. Cardiac reserve
80. Reynold?s number
81. J point
82. Extrasystole
83. Bell-magendie law
84. Cog-wheel rigidity
85. Betz cells
86. Homunculus
87. Anomic aphasia
88. Timed vital capacity
FirstRanker.com - FirstRanker's Choice
MBBS First Year Physiology including Biophysics - II
Important Question Bank
Essay Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define blood pressure. Explain in detail short term regulation of blood
pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
2. Describe the classification, connections and functions of cerebellum.
3. Discuss in detail the neural regulation of respiration.
4. Describe the optic pathway from the photoreceptors to the visual cortex.
Add a note on visual field defects produced by lesions at various levels of
the pathway.
5. Describe the origin, course, termination and functions of pyramidal tract.
Write a note on upper motor lesion.
6. Enumerate the descending tracts of spinal cord. Describe in detail the
pyramidal tracts. Mention its functions and effects of lesion at different
levels.
7. Define arterial blood pressure. Describe the nervous regulation of arterial
blood pressure.
8. Name the functional divisions of the cerebellum. Describe the structure,
connections, and functions of cerebellum. Mention two signs of cerebellar
lesions.
9. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail with the help of a diagram. The
mechanical changes during cardiac cycle. Add a note on heart sounds.
10. Enumerate the ascending tracts in the spinal cord. Describe the pathway
for pain in detail. Add a note on referred pain.
11. Describe the neural regulation of respiration. Add a note on periodic
breathing.
12. What are the types of muscular exercise? Discuss the various physiological
changes occurring during and after exercise.
13. Elucidate how pressure vibrations in the air are perceived as sound.
14. Discuss the short term and long term regulation of Arterial blood
pressure. Add a note on Neurogenic Hypertension.
15. With the help of a diagram, describe the auditory pathway. Add a note on
conduction deafness.
16. Define Cardiac output. Discuss the factors regulating the cardiac output.
Add a note on Fick?s principle.
17. Trace the visual pathway and the effects of lesion at various points in the
pathway.
18. Name the functional Division of Cerebellum. Describe the Structure,
connections and functions of cerebellum. Mention any two signs of
cerebellar lesion.
19. Describe the structure and function of the conducting system of the Heart.
List the properties of cardiac muscle.
20. Draw an oxygen dissociation curve & describe how oxygen is transported
in the blood. Depict the Bohr?s effect.
21. Classify pain. What are the receptors for pain? Describe the dual
Pathways for pain. What is Analgesic system in the brain?
22. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail the pressure volume changes that
occur during a Cardiac cycle with suitable Diagram.
23. Describe the connections and Functions of Hypothalamus.
24. Describe the process of transport of carbondioxide from tissues to lungs.
25. Describe in detail the photochemical mechanism of vision and mechanism
of dark adaptation.
26. Define the term Blood pressure. Discuss the determinants and regulation
of blood pressure.
27. Trace the pathway for perception of pain. Discuss the descending pain
modulatory pathways. Discuss the terms ?Gating of pain? and ?Referred
pain?.
28. Define the terms Cardiac output and Total Peripheral resistance and
discuss their determinants.
29. What are the neural mechanisms involved in spontaneous breathing?
Discuss chemical regulation of respiration. Distinguish between the two
types of respiratory failure.
30. Define blood pressure. Discuss in brief the various factors which influences
the pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
31. Define cardiac cycle. Describe the sequence of events during cardiac cycle
in detail with suitable diagrams.
32. Define cardiac output. Explain the factors regulating cardiac output. Add
a note on ejection fraction.
33. Describe in detail the Pyramidal tract. List out the differences between
UMN and LMN lesions.
34. Explain the chemical regulation of respiration. Add a note on oxygen
toxicity.
35. What is cardiac cycle? Describe the various events in the cardiac cycle.
36. Describe the oxygen transport in blood. Add note on fetal haemoglobin.
Write Short Note Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Auto rhythmicity of heart
2. Describe the connections and functions of temporal lobe
3. Golgi tendon reflex
4. Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve
5. Effects of lesions in optic pathway
6. Determinants of Blood pressure
7. Functions of Hypothalamus
8. Baroreceptor reflex
9. Auditory pathway with suitable diagram
10. Adjustment in respiratory physiology at high altitudes
11. Brown Sequard syndrome
12. Oxygen dissociation curve
13. Neural regulation of respiration
14. Functions and tests of cerebellum
15. Describe the bipolar limb leads of ECG What is the significance of (a) PR
interval (b) ST segment in an ECG?
16. Discuss the changes in ventricular volume during different phases of the
cardiac cycle with a diagram
17. Discuss any two pulmonary function tests which can detect obstructive
lung disease
18. Trace the pathway for perception of fine touch
19. Operant conditioning
20. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
21. Define muscle tone and discuss the phenomenon responsible for it
22. What conditions lead to alterations of tone?
23. Endogenous opioid peptides
24. Refractory errors of the eye
25. Discuss the phenomena by which sound waves in air induce action
potentials in the cochlear nerve
26. Ionic basis of the pace-maker potential
27. Windkessel effect of aorta
28. Illustrate with a diagram, the left ventricular volume and pressure
changes
29. during a cardiac cycle
30. Role of myelin sheath in conduction of nerve impulse
31. Functions of hypothalamus
32. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
33. Physiological roles of muscle spindle
34. Chemical regulation of respiration
35. Hamburger?s chloride shift
36. Role of surfactant in pulmonary function
37. Decompression sickness
38. Middle ear functions
39. Define cardiac output What are the methods to measure the cardiac
output?
40. Heart sounds
41. Define synapse and describe its properties
42. Describe the functions of thalamus
43. What are the functions of basal ganglia?
44. Describe the physiology of speech
45. Decerebrate rigidity
46. Functions of prefrontal lobe
47. Functional Residual capacity and its significance
48. Types of Hypoxia and its cause
49. Respiratory membrane
50. Neural centres for Regulation of respiration
51. Dead space
52. Pacemaker potential
53. Cardiac Index
54. Dark adaptation
55. Functions of Basal Ganglia
56. Vestibulo cerebellum
57. Frank-starling?s law of the heart
58. Cardiac pacemaker potential
59. Draw a labelled diagram of a normal ECG in lead II Write a brief note on
PR interval
60. Non progressive shock
61. Travelling waves in the ear
62. Ventilation-perfusion ratio
63. Caisson disease
64. Brown Sequard syndrome
65. Functions of Ascending reticular activating system
66. Role of purkinje cells of cerebellum
67. Non respiratory functions of lung
68. What is FRC? How will you measure FRC and its clinical Importance?
69. Artificial respiration
70. Referred pain and its theories
71. Special features of coronary circulation
72. Colour Vision
73. Taste pathway
74. Explain Dark adaptation
75. What is Myasthenia Gravis? Explain the biological basis of it?s treatment
76. Brown sequared syndrome
77. Normal ECG in Lead II
78. Regulation of coronary blood flow
79. Compliance of lung
80. Carbon dioxide transport
81. Dysbarism
82. Functions of Thalamus
83. REM sleep
84. Decerebrate rigidity
85. Taste pathway
86. Theories of hearing
87. Theories of Hearing
88. Anterior spino thalamic tract
89. Postural reflexes
90. Aqueous humor
91. Taste pathway
92. Cerebral circulation
93. Color vision
94. CO transport
95. Chemo receptors
96. Endothelins
97. Kirchoff?s law and Einthoven?s law
98. Excitation contraction coupling in cardiac muscle
99. Triple response in skin
100. Physiological dead space
101. Dysbarism
102. Causes of muscle tone
103. Function of palaeostriatum
104. Climbing, mossy and parallel fibres
105. Control of appetite
106. Induction of sleep
107. Compliance of lungs
108. Brown sequard syndrome
109. Blood brain barrier
110. Surfactant
111. Chronaxie and rheobase
112. Pupillary light Reflexes
113. Pace maker potentials
114. Atrial natriuretic peptide
115. Draw the optic pathway Depict the lesions at various levels
116. Peculiarities of pulmonary circulation
117. Neuro-muscular junction
118. Compare rem and nonrem sleep
119. Triple response
120. Describe formation, circulation and functions of cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF)
121. Functions of vestibular apparatus
122. Explain ?Dark Adaptation?
123. Organ of corti
124. Describe decompression sickness
125. Describe chemical control of respiration
126. What is myasthenia gravis Describe the biological basis of its
treatment
127. Surfactant
128. Chloride Shift
129. Artificial respiration
130. Taste Pathway
131. Effects of lesion in optic pathway
132. Brown sequard syndrome
133. Functions of Thalamus
134. Pacemaker Potential
135. Regulation of coronary circulation
136. Neuromuscular transmission
Write Short Answer Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define sarcomere Mention normal length of sarcomere
2. Myasthenia gravis
3. Windkissel effect
4. Phonocardiogram
5. Haldane?s effect
6. VO Max
7. Babinski sign
8. Alpha block
9. Functions of Aqueous humor
10. Rinne?s Test
11. Explain the basic defect in astigmatism and its correction
12. Draw a labelled diagram of arterial pulse and explain
13. Draw a labelled diagram of pathways for taste
14. Rigor mortis
15. Phantom limb
16. Oxygen debt
17. What is Bohr?s effect? What is its physiologic significance?
18. Draw a normal ECG and label it
19. Refractory period
20. Define Terms: Chronaxie, Rheobase and utilization time
21. Wernicke?s aphasia
22. Acetyl choline
23. Parkinson?s disease: Features
24. Rapid ? Eye movement sleep
25. Anti ? G Suit
26. Clinical significance of electro encephalo gram
27. Chloride shift
28. Jugular venous pulse
29. Contents of middle ear
30. Functions of placenta
31. Tracing of arterial pulse
32. Reynold?s number
33. Pre load and after load in the heart
34. Sneezing reflex
35. Denervation hypersensitivity
36. Reciprocal inhibition
37. Consolidation of memory
38. Formation of cerebrospinal fluid
39. Gustatory receptors
40. Dark adaptation
41. Broca?s Area
42. Spinal Animal
43. SCUBA diving
44. Cardiac Index
45. Bohr?s effect
46. Inverse stretch reflex
47. Respiratory distress syndrome
48. Thalamic syndrome
49. Unipolar limb leads
50. Astigmatism
51. State Frank Starling?s law of the heart
52. List short term regulation of blood pressure
53. Intrapleural pressure
54. State dead space and its normal value
55. Define Histotoxic hypoxia with an example
56. What is Bell ? Megendie law?
57. Four functions of Reticular activating system
58. Functions of prefrontal lobe
59. What is Endo chochlear potential?
60. Delta waves in EEG
61. Draw the diagram of alveocapillary membrane and write the thickness of
it
62. What is SCUBA?
63. Who discovered J receptors? What is its Physiological significance?
64. What are otolith organs?
65. What is alpha block?
66. Define Frank-Starling law
67. What is Monroe Kellie Doctrine law?
68. What is Stereognosis? Where is its centre?
69. What are the functions of frontal lobe?
70. What are the mechanoreceptor? Give example
71. What is summation? Mention its types
72. What are Cholinergic & Adrenergic receptors?
73. Draw the structure of rods & Cones
74. What is the difference between the Spasticity and Rigidity
75. Define histotoxic hypoxia
76. Astigmatism
77. Ocular dominance columns
78. Dicrotic notch
79. Cardiac reserve
80. Reynold?s number
81. J point
82. Extrasystole
83. Bell-magendie law
84. Cog-wheel rigidity
85. Betz cells
86. Homunculus
87. Anomic aphasia
88. Timed vital capacity
89. Pneumotaxic centre
90. Asphyxia
91. Muscles of inspiration
92. P
93. End diastolic volume
94. Attenuation Reflex
95. Perimetry
96. Summation
97. Referred pain
98. Types of memory
99. Thalamic syndrome
100. Kluver Bucy syndrome
101. What is P?
102. What are the types of hypoxia?
103. Mention common refractory errors of the eye
104. SA node as pacemaker
105. PR interval
106. Reflex arc
107. Functions of cerebrospinal fluid
108. What is righting reflex?
109. Name the nuclei responsible for hunger and satiety in human being
110. What is referred pain?
111. List the calcium transporters on the sarcoplasmic reticular
membrane in the ventricular Muscle
112. State Starling?s law of the heart
113. What is the effect of , diphosphoglycerate on the oxygen-
hemoglobin dissociation curve? Does it help in loading or unloading of
oxygen?
114. What are the types of hypoxia?
115. Region of the cochlea which vibrates most for the highest sound
frequency in the audible range
116. Visual field defect when the optic chiasma is cut in the centre
117. State the refractive error in astigmatism How is it corrected?
118. What is ?Blind spot??
119. Receptors for vestibular sensation
120. Name of tracts made up by second order neurons in the pathway
for (a) fine touch (b) pain
121. List the types of shock
122. Define Preload and state its effect on cardiac function
123. Baroreceptor reflex
FirstRanker.com - FirstRanker's Choice
MBBS First Year Physiology including Biophysics - II
Important Question Bank
Essay Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define blood pressure. Explain in detail short term regulation of blood
pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
2. Describe the classification, connections and functions of cerebellum.
3. Discuss in detail the neural regulation of respiration.
4. Describe the optic pathway from the photoreceptors to the visual cortex.
Add a note on visual field defects produced by lesions at various levels of
the pathway.
5. Describe the origin, course, termination and functions of pyramidal tract.
Write a note on upper motor lesion.
6. Enumerate the descending tracts of spinal cord. Describe in detail the
pyramidal tracts. Mention its functions and effects of lesion at different
levels.
7. Define arterial blood pressure. Describe the nervous regulation of arterial
blood pressure.
8. Name the functional divisions of the cerebellum. Describe the structure,
connections, and functions of cerebellum. Mention two signs of cerebellar
lesions.
9. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail with the help of a diagram. The
mechanical changes during cardiac cycle. Add a note on heart sounds.
10. Enumerate the ascending tracts in the spinal cord. Describe the pathway
for pain in detail. Add a note on referred pain.
11. Describe the neural regulation of respiration. Add a note on periodic
breathing.
12. What are the types of muscular exercise? Discuss the various physiological
changes occurring during and after exercise.
13. Elucidate how pressure vibrations in the air are perceived as sound.
14. Discuss the short term and long term regulation of Arterial blood
pressure. Add a note on Neurogenic Hypertension.
15. With the help of a diagram, describe the auditory pathway. Add a note on
conduction deafness.
16. Define Cardiac output. Discuss the factors regulating the cardiac output.
Add a note on Fick?s principle.
17. Trace the visual pathway and the effects of lesion at various points in the
pathway.
18. Name the functional Division of Cerebellum. Describe the Structure,
connections and functions of cerebellum. Mention any two signs of
cerebellar lesion.
19. Describe the structure and function of the conducting system of the Heart.
List the properties of cardiac muscle.
20. Draw an oxygen dissociation curve & describe how oxygen is transported
in the blood. Depict the Bohr?s effect.
21. Classify pain. What are the receptors for pain? Describe the dual
Pathways for pain. What is Analgesic system in the brain?
22. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail the pressure volume changes that
occur during a Cardiac cycle with suitable Diagram.
23. Describe the connections and Functions of Hypothalamus.
24. Describe the process of transport of carbondioxide from tissues to lungs.
25. Describe in detail the photochemical mechanism of vision and mechanism
of dark adaptation.
26. Define the term Blood pressure. Discuss the determinants and regulation
of blood pressure.
27. Trace the pathway for perception of pain. Discuss the descending pain
modulatory pathways. Discuss the terms ?Gating of pain? and ?Referred
pain?.
28. Define the terms Cardiac output and Total Peripheral resistance and
discuss their determinants.
29. What are the neural mechanisms involved in spontaneous breathing?
Discuss chemical regulation of respiration. Distinguish between the two
types of respiratory failure.
30. Define blood pressure. Discuss in brief the various factors which influences
the pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
31. Define cardiac cycle. Describe the sequence of events during cardiac cycle
in detail with suitable diagrams.
32. Define cardiac output. Explain the factors regulating cardiac output. Add
a note on ejection fraction.
33. Describe in detail the Pyramidal tract. List out the differences between
UMN and LMN lesions.
34. Explain the chemical regulation of respiration. Add a note on oxygen
toxicity.
35. What is cardiac cycle? Describe the various events in the cardiac cycle.
36. Describe the oxygen transport in blood. Add note on fetal haemoglobin.
Write Short Note Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Auto rhythmicity of heart
2. Describe the connections and functions of temporal lobe
3. Golgi tendon reflex
4. Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve
5. Effects of lesions in optic pathway
6. Determinants of Blood pressure
7. Functions of Hypothalamus
8. Baroreceptor reflex
9. Auditory pathway with suitable diagram
10. Adjustment in respiratory physiology at high altitudes
11. Brown Sequard syndrome
12. Oxygen dissociation curve
13. Neural regulation of respiration
14. Functions and tests of cerebellum
15. Describe the bipolar limb leads of ECG What is the significance of (a) PR
interval (b) ST segment in an ECG?
16. Discuss the changes in ventricular volume during different phases of the
cardiac cycle with a diagram
17. Discuss any two pulmonary function tests which can detect obstructive
lung disease
18. Trace the pathway for perception of fine touch
19. Operant conditioning
20. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
21. Define muscle tone and discuss the phenomenon responsible for it
22. What conditions lead to alterations of tone?
23. Endogenous opioid peptides
24. Refractory errors of the eye
25. Discuss the phenomena by which sound waves in air induce action
potentials in the cochlear nerve
26. Ionic basis of the pace-maker potential
27. Windkessel effect of aorta
28. Illustrate with a diagram, the left ventricular volume and pressure
changes
29. during a cardiac cycle
30. Role of myelin sheath in conduction of nerve impulse
31. Functions of hypothalamus
32. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
33. Physiological roles of muscle spindle
34. Chemical regulation of respiration
35. Hamburger?s chloride shift
36. Role of surfactant in pulmonary function
37. Decompression sickness
38. Middle ear functions
39. Define cardiac output What are the methods to measure the cardiac
output?
40. Heart sounds
41. Define synapse and describe its properties
42. Describe the functions of thalamus
43. What are the functions of basal ganglia?
44. Describe the physiology of speech
45. Decerebrate rigidity
46. Functions of prefrontal lobe
47. Functional Residual capacity and its significance
48. Types of Hypoxia and its cause
49. Respiratory membrane
50. Neural centres for Regulation of respiration
51. Dead space
52. Pacemaker potential
53. Cardiac Index
54. Dark adaptation
55. Functions of Basal Ganglia
56. Vestibulo cerebellum
57. Frank-starling?s law of the heart
58. Cardiac pacemaker potential
59. Draw a labelled diagram of a normal ECG in lead II Write a brief note on
PR interval
60. Non progressive shock
61. Travelling waves in the ear
62. Ventilation-perfusion ratio
63. Caisson disease
64. Brown Sequard syndrome
65. Functions of Ascending reticular activating system
66. Role of purkinje cells of cerebellum
67. Non respiratory functions of lung
68. What is FRC? How will you measure FRC and its clinical Importance?
69. Artificial respiration
70. Referred pain and its theories
71. Special features of coronary circulation
72. Colour Vision
73. Taste pathway
74. Explain Dark adaptation
75. What is Myasthenia Gravis? Explain the biological basis of it?s treatment
76. Brown sequared syndrome
77. Normal ECG in Lead II
78. Regulation of coronary blood flow
79. Compliance of lung
80. Carbon dioxide transport
81. Dysbarism
82. Functions of Thalamus
83. REM sleep
84. Decerebrate rigidity
85. Taste pathway
86. Theories of hearing
87. Theories of Hearing
88. Anterior spino thalamic tract
89. Postural reflexes
90. Aqueous humor
91. Taste pathway
92. Cerebral circulation
93. Color vision
94. CO transport
95. Chemo receptors
96. Endothelins
97. Kirchoff?s law and Einthoven?s law
98. Excitation contraction coupling in cardiac muscle
99. Triple response in skin
100. Physiological dead space
101. Dysbarism
102. Causes of muscle tone
103. Function of palaeostriatum
104. Climbing, mossy and parallel fibres
105. Control of appetite
106. Induction of sleep
107. Compliance of lungs
108. Brown sequard syndrome
109. Blood brain barrier
110. Surfactant
111. Chronaxie and rheobase
112. Pupillary light Reflexes
113. Pace maker potentials
114. Atrial natriuretic peptide
115. Draw the optic pathway Depict the lesions at various levels
116. Peculiarities of pulmonary circulation
117. Neuro-muscular junction
118. Compare rem and nonrem sleep
119. Triple response
120. Describe formation, circulation and functions of cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF)
121. Functions of vestibular apparatus
122. Explain ?Dark Adaptation?
123. Organ of corti
124. Describe decompression sickness
125. Describe chemical control of respiration
126. What is myasthenia gravis Describe the biological basis of its
treatment
127. Surfactant
128. Chloride Shift
129. Artificial respiration
130. Taste Pathway
131. Effects of lesion in optic pathway
132. Brown sequard syndrome
133. Functions of Thalamus
134. Pacemaker Potential
135. Regulation of coronary circulation
136. Neuromuscular transmission
Write Short Answer Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define sarcomere Mention normal length of sarcomere
2. Myasthenia gravis
3. Windkissel effect
4. Phonocardiogram
5. Haldane?s effect
6. VO Max
7. Babinski sign
8. Alpha block
9. Functions of Aqueous humor
10. Rinne?s Test
11. Explain the basic defect in astigmatism and its correction
12. Draw a labelled diagram of arterial pulse and explain
13. Draw a labelled diagram of pathways for taste
14. Rigor mortis
15. Phantom limb
16. Oxygen debt
17. What is Bohr?s effect? What is its physiologic significance?
18. Draw a normal ECG and label it
19. Refractory period
20. Define Terms: Chronaxie, Rheobase and utilization time
21. Wernicke?s aphasia
22. Acetyl choline
23. Parkinson?s disease: Features
24. Rapid ? Eye movement sleep
25. Anti ? G Suit
26. Clinical significance of electro encephalo gram
27. Chloride shift
28. Jugular venous pulse
29. Contents of middle ear
30. Functions of placenta
31. Tracing of arterial pulse
32. Reynold?s number
33. Pre load and after load in the heart
34. Sneezing reflex
35. Denervation hypersensitivity
36. Reciprocal inhibition
37. Consolidation of memory
38. Formation of cerebrospinal fluid
39. Gustatory receptors
40. Dark adaptation
41. Broca?s Area
42. Spinal Animal
43. SCUBA diving
44. Cardiac Index
45. Bohr?s effect
46. Inverse stretch reflex
47. Respiratory distress syndrome
48. Thalamic syndrome
49. Unipolar limb leads
50. Astigmatism
51. State Frank Starling?s law of the heart
52. List short term regulation of blood pressure
53. Intrapleural pressure
54. State dead space and its normal value
55. Define Histotoxic hypoxia with an example
56. What is Bell ? Megendie law?
57. Four functions of Reticular activating system
58. Functions of prefrontal lobe
59. What is Endo chochlear potential?
60. Delta waves in EEG
61. Draw the diagram of alveocapillary membrane and write the thickness of
it
62. What is SCUBA?
63. Who discovered J receptors? What is its Physiological significance?
64. What are otolith organs?
65. What is alpha block?
66. Define Frank-Starling law
67. What is Monroe Kellie Doctrine law?
68. What is Stereognosis? Where is its centre?
69. What are the functions of frontal lobe?
70. What are the mechanoreceptor? Give example
71. What is summation? Mention its types
72. What are Cholinergic & Adrenergic receptors?
73. Draw the structure of rods & Cones
74. What is the difference between the Spasticity and Rigidity
75. Define histotoxic hypoxia
76. Astigmatism
77. Ocular dominance columns
78. Dicrotic notch
79. Cardiac reserve
80. Reynold?s number
81. J point
82. Extrasystole
83. Bell-magendie law
84. Cog-wheel rigidity
85. Betz cells
86. Homunculus
87. Anomic aphasia
88. Timed vital capacity
89. Pneumotaxic centre
90. Asphyxia
91. Muscles of inspiration
92. P
93. End diastolic volume
94. Attenuation Reflex
95. Perimetry
96. Summation
97. Referred pain
98. Types of memory
99. Thalamic syndrome
100. Kluver Bucy syndrome
101. What is P?
102. What are the types of hypoxia?
103. Mention common refractory errors of the eye
104. SA node as pacemaker
105. PR interval
106. Reflex arc
107. Functions of cerebrospinal fluid
108. What is righting reflex?
109. Name the nuclei responsible for hunger and satiety in human being
110. What is referred pain?
111. List the calcium transporters on the sarcoplasmic reticular
membrane in the ventricular Muscle
112. State Starling?s law of the heart
113. What is the effect of , diphosphoglycerate on the oxygen-
hemoglobin dissociation curve? Does it help in loading or unloading of
oxygen?
114. What are the types of hypoxia?
115. Region of the cochlea which vibrates most for the highest sound
frequency in the audible range
116. Visual field defect when the optic chiasma is cut in the centre
117. State the refractive error in astigmatism How is it corrected?
118. What is ?Blind spot??
119. Receptors for vestibular sensation
120. Name of tracts made up by second order neurons in the pathway
for (a) fine touch (b) pain
121. List the types of shock
122. Define Preload and state its effect on cardiac function
123. Baroreceptor reflex
124. What is myocardial infarction? State one ECG change in this
condition
125. Role of myelin sheath in conduction of nerve impulse
126. Conditions where Plantar response is ?extensor?
127. Finding in Weber?s test in conduction deafness of the left side
128. Muscle actions responsible for (a) normal expiration (b) forced
expiration
129. Oxygen carrying capacity of blood
130. Hypoxic vasoconstriction ? where does it occur and what are its
complications?
131. Heart sounds
132. Waves of ECG in Lead II
133. Different types of hypoxia
134. Aphasia
135. Stages of sleep
136. Optic pathway
137. Functions of ascending reticular activating system
138. Components of vestibular apparatus
139. Features of Parkinson's disease
140. Functions of middle ear
141. Dead space
142. Hering Breuer reflex
143. Korotkoff sounds
144. Draw a diagram of the pathway of crude touch and label it
145. Functions of CSF
146. Fluent aphasia
147. Receptor potential
148. Motor homunculus
149. Attenuation reflex
150. Taste pathway
151. Accommodation reflex
152. Conducting system of the heart
153. Artificial respiration
154. Conditioned reflexes
155. Surfactant
156. Central analgesic system
157. VO Max
158. Functions of CSF
159. Decompression sickness
160. Babinski?s sign and its clinical significance
FirstRanker.com - FirstRanker's Choice
MBBS First Year Physiology including Biophysics - II
Important Question Bank
Essay Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define blood pressure. Explain in detail short term regulation of blood
pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
2. Describe the classification, connections and functions of cerebellum.
3. Discuss in detail the neural regulation of respiration.
4. Describe the optic pathway from the photoreceptors to the visual cortex.
Add a note on visual field defects produced by lesions at various levels of
the pathway.
5. Describe the origin, course, termination and functions of pyramidal tract.
Write a note on upper motor lesion.
6. Enumerate the descending tracts of spinal cord. Describe in detail the
pyramidal tracts. Mention its functions and effects of lesion at different
levels.
7. Define arterial blood pressure. Describe the nervous regulation of arterial
blood pressure.
8. Name the functional divisions of the cerebellum. Describe the structure,
connections, and functions of cerebellum. Mention two signs of cerebellar
lesions.
9. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail with the help of a diagram. The
mechanical changes during cardiac cycle. Add a note on heart sounds.
10. Enumerate the ascending tracts in the spinal cord. Describe the pathway
for pain in detail. Add a note on referred pain.
11. Describe the neural regulation of respiration. Add a note on periodic
breathing.
12. What are the types of muscular exercise? Discuss the various physiological
changes occurring during and after exercise.
13. Elucidate how pressure vibrations in the air are perceived as sound.
14. Discuss the short term and long term regulation of Arterial blood
pressure. Add a note on Neurogenic Hypertension.
15. With the help of a diagram, describe the auditory pathway. Add a note on
conduction deafness.
16. Define Cardiac output. Discuss the factors regulating the cardiac output.
Add a note on Fick?s principle.
17. Trace the visual pathway and the effects of lesion at various points in the
pathway.
18. Name the functional Division of Cerebellum. Describe the Structure,
connections and functions of cerebellum. Mention any two signs of
cerebellar lesion.
19. Describe the structure and function of the conducting system of the Heart.
List the properties of cardiac muscle.
20. Draw an oxygen dissociation curve & describe how oxygen is transported
in the blood. Depict the Bohr?s effect.
21. Classify pain. What are the receptors for pain? Describe the dual
Pathways for pain. What is Analgesic system in the brain?
22. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail the pressure volume changes that
occur during a Cardiac cycle with suitable Diagram.
23. Describe the connections and Functions of Hypothalamus.
24. Describe the process of transport of carbondioxide from tissues to lungs.
25. Describe in detail the photochemical mechanism of vision and mechanism
of dark adaptation.
26. Define the term Blood pressure. Discuss the determinants and regulation
of blood pressure.
27. Trace the pathway for perception of pain. Discuss the descending pain
modulatory pathways. Discuss the terms ?Gating of pain? and ?Referred
pain?.
28. Define the terms Cardiac output and Total Peripheral resistance and
discuss their determinants.
29. What are the neural mechanisms involved in spontaneous breathing?
Discuss chemical regulation of respiration. Distinguish between the two
types of respiratory failure.
30. Define blood pressure. Discuss in brief the various factors which influences
the pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
31. Define cardiac cycle. Describe the sequence of events during cardiac cycle
in detail with suitable diagrams.
32. Define cardiac output. Explain the factors regulating cardiac output. Add
a note on ejection fraction.
33. Describe in detail the Pyramidal tract. List out the differences between
UMN and LMN lesions.
34. Explain the chemical regulation of respiration. Add a note on oxygen
toxicity.
35. What is cardiac cycle? Describe the various events in the cardiac cycle.
36. Describe the oxygen transport in blood. Add note on fetal haemoglobin.
Write Short Note Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Auto rhythmicity of heart
2. Describe the connections and functions of temporal lobe
3. Golgi tendon reflex
4. Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve
5. Effects of lesions in optic pathway
6. Determinants of Blood pressure
7. Functions of Hypothalamus
8. Baroreceptor reflex
9. Auditory pathway with suitable diagram
10. Adjustment in respiratory physiology at high altitudes
11. Brown Sequard syndrome
12. Oxygen dissociation curve
13. Neural regulation of respiration
14. Functions and tests of cerebellum
15. Describe the bipolar limb leads of ECG What is the significance of (a) PR
interval (b) ST segment in an ECG?
16. Discuss the changes in ventricular volume during different phases of the
cardiac cycle with a diagram
17. Discuss any two pulmonary function tests which can detect obstructive
lung disease
18. Trace the pathway for perception of fine touch
19. Operant conditioning
20. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
21. Define muscle tone and discuss the phenomenon responsible for it
22. What conditions lead to alterations of tone?
23. Endogenous opioid peptides
24. Refractory errors of the eye
25. Discuss the phenomena by which sound waves in air induce action
potentials in the cochlear nerve
26. Ionic basis of the pace-maker potential
27. Windkessel effect of aorta
28. Illustrate with a diagram, the left ventricular volume and pressure
changes
29. during a cardiac cycle
30. Role of myelin sheath in conduction of nerve impulse
31. Functions of hypothalamus
32. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions
33. Physiological roles of muscle spindle
34. Chemical regulation of respiration
35. Hamburger?s chloride shift
36. Role of surfactant in pulmonary function
37. Decompression sickness
38. Middle ear functions
39. Define cardiac output What are the methods to measure the cardiac
output?
40. Heart sounds
41. Define synapse and describe its properties
42. Describe the functions of thalamus
43. What are the functions of basal ganglia?
44. Describe the physiology of speech
45. Decerebrate rigidity
46. Functions of prefrontal lobe
47. Functional Residual capacity and its significance
48. Types of Hypoxia and its cause
49. Respiratory membrane
50. Neural centres for Regulation of respiration
51. Dead space
52. Pacemaker potential
53. Cardiac Index
54. Dark adaptation
55. Functions of Basal Ganglia
56. Vestibulo cerebellum
57. Frank-starling?s law of the heart
58. Cardiac pacemaker potential
59. Draw a labelled diagram of a normal ECG in lead II Write a brief note on
PR interval
60. Non progressive shock
61. Travelling waves in the ear
62. Ventilation-perfusion ratio
63. Caisson disease
64. Brown Sequard syndrome
65. Functions of Ascending reticular activating system
66. Role of purkinje cells of cerebellum
67. Non respiratory functions of lung
68. What is FRC? How will you measure FRC and its clinical Importance?
69. Artificial respiration
70. Referred pain and its theories
71. Special features of coronary circulation
72. Colour Vision
73. Taste pathway
74. Explain Dark adaptation
75. What is Myasthenia Gravis? Explain the biological basis of it?s treatment
76. Brown sequared syndrome
77. Normal ECG in Lead II
78. Regulation of coronary blood flow
79. Compliance of lung
80. Carbon dioxide transport
81. Dysbarism
82. Functions of Thalamus
83. REM sleep
84. Decerebrate rigidity
85. Taste pathway
86. Theories of hearing
87. Theories of Hearing
88. Anterior spino thalamic tract
89. Postural reflexes
90. Aqueous humor
91. Taste pathway
92. Cerebral circulation
93. Color vision
94. CO transport
95. Chemo receptors
96. Endothelins
97. Kirchoff?s law and Einthoven?s law
98. Excitation contraction coupling in cardiac muscle
99. Triple response in skin
100. Physiological dead space
101. Dysbarism
102. Causes of muscle tone
103. Function of palaeostriatum
104. Climbing, mossy and parallel fibres
105. Control of appetite
106. Induction of sleep
107. Compliance of lungs
108. Brown sequard syndrome
109. Blood brain barrier
110. Surfactant
111. Chronaxie and rheobase
112. Pupillary light Reflexes
113. Pace maker potentials
114. Atrial natriuretic peptide
115. Draw the optic pathway Depict the lesions at various levels
116. Peculiarities of pulmonary circulation
117. Neuro-muscular junction
118. Compare rem and nonrem sleep
119. Triple response
120. Describe formation, circulation and functions of cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF)
121. Functions of vestibular apparatus
122. Explain ?Dark Adaptation?
123. Organ of corti
124. Describe decompression sickness
125. Describe chemical control of respiration
126. What is myasthenia gravis Describe the biological basis of its
treatment
127. Surfactant
128. Chloride Shift
129. Artificial respiration
130. Taste Pathway
131. Effects of lesion in optic pathway
132. Brown sequard syndrome
133. Functions of Thalamus
134. Pacemaker Potential
135. Regulation of coronary circulation
136. Neuromuscular transmission
Write Short Answer Questions MBBS 1
st
Year:
1. Define sarcomere Mention normal length of sarcomere
2. Myasthenia gravis
3. Windkissel effect
4. Phonocardiogram
5. Haldane?s effect
6. VO Max
7. Babinski sign
8. Alpha block
9. Functions of Aqueous humor
10. Rinne?s Test
11. Explain the basic defect in astigmatism and its correction
12. Draw a labelled diagram of arterial pulse and explain
13. Draw a labelled diagram of pathways for taste
14. Rigor mortis
15. Phantom limb
16. Oxygen debt
17. What is Bohr?s effect? What is its physiologic significance?
18. Draw a normal ECG and label it
19. Refractory period
20. Define Terms: Chronaxie, Rheobase and utilization time
21. Wernicke?s aphasia
22. Acetyl choline
23. Parkinson?s disease: Features
24. Rapid ? Eye movement sleep
25. Anti ? G Suit
26. Clinical significance of electro encephalo gram
27. Chloride shift
28. Jugular venous pulse
29. Contents of middle ear
30. Functions of placenta
31. Tracing of arterial pulse
32. Reynold?s number
33. Pre load and after load in the heart
34. Sneezing reflex
35. Denervation hypersensitivity
36. Reciprocal inhibition
37. Consolidation of memory
38. Formation of cerebrospinal fluid
39. Gustatory receptors
40. Dark adaptation
41. Broca?s Area
42. Spinal Animal
43. SCUBA diving
44. Cardiac Index
45. Bohr?s effect
46. Inverse stretch reflex
47. Respiratory distress syndrome
48. Thalamic syndrome
49. Unipolar limb leads
50. Astigmatism
51. State Frank Starling?s law of the heart
52. List short term regulation of blood pressure
53. Intrapleural pressure
54. State dead space and its normal value
55. Define Histotoxic hypoxia with an example
56. What is Bell ? Megendie law?
57. Four functions of Reticular activating system
58. Functions of prefrontal lobe
59. What is Endo chochlear potential?
60. Delta waves in EEG
61. Draw the diagram of alveocapillary membrane and write the thickness of
it
62. What is SCUBA?
63. Who discovered J receptors? What is its Physiological significance?
64. What are otolith organs?
65. What is alpha block?
66. Define Frank-Starling law
67. What is Monroe Kellie Doctrine law?
68. What is Stereognosis? Where is its centre?
69. What are the functions of frontal lobe?
70. What are the mechanoreceptor? Give example
71. What is summation? Mention its types
72. What are Cholinergic & Adrenergic receptors?
73. Draw the structure of rods & Cones
74. What is the difference between the Spasticity and Rigidity
75. Define histotoxic hypoxia
76. Astigmatism
77. Ocular dominance columns
78. Dicrotic notch
79. Cardiac reserve
80. Reynold?s number
81. J point
82. Extrasystole
83. Bell-magendie law
84. Cog-wheel rigidity
85. Betz cells
86. Homunculus
87. Anomic aphasia
88. Timed vital capacity
89. Pneumotaxic centre
90. Asphyxia
91. Muscles of inspiration
92. P
93. End diastolic volume
94. Attenuation Reflex
95. Perimetry
96. Summation
97. Referred pain
98. Types of memory
99. Thalamic syndrome
100. Kluver Bucy syndrome
101. What is P?
102. What are the types of hypoxia?
103. Mention common refractory errors of the eye
104. SA node as pacemaker
105. PR interval
106. Reflex arc
107. Functions of cerebrospinal fluid
108. What is righting reflex?
109. Name the nuclei responsible for hunger and satiety in human being
110. What is referred pain?
111. List the calcium transporters on the sarcoplasmic reticular
membrane in the ventricular Muscle
112. State Starling?s law of the heart
113. What is the effect of , diphosphoglycerate on the oxygen-
hemoglobin dissociation curve? Does it help in loading or unloading of
oxygen?
114. What are the types of hypoxia?
115. Region of the cochlea which vibrates most for the highest sound
frequency in the audible range
116. Visual field defect when the optic chiasma is cut in the centre
117. State the refractive error in astigmatism How is it corrected?
118. What is ?Blind spot??
119. Receptors for vestibular sensation
120. Name of tracts made up by second order neurons in the pathway
for (a) fine touch (b) pain
121. List the types of shock
122. Define Preload and state its effect on cardiac function
123. Baroreceptor reflex
124. What is myocardial infarction? State one ECG change in this
condition
125. Role of myelin sheath in conduction of nerve impulse
126. Conditions where Plantar response is ?extensor?
127. Finding in Weber?s test in conduction deafness of the left side
128. Muscle actions responsible for (a) normal expiration (b) forced
expiration
129. Oxygen carrying capacity of blood
130. Hypoxic vasoconstriction ? where does it occur and what are its
complications?
131. Heart sounds
132. Waves of ECG in Lead II
133. Different types of hypoxia
134. Aphasia
135. Stages of sleep
136. Optic pathway
137. Functions of ascending reticular activating system
138. Components of vestibular apparatus
139. Features of Parkinson's disease
140. Functions of middle ear
141. Dead space
142. Hering Breuer reflex
143. Korotkoff sounds
144. Draw a diagram of the pathway of crude touch and label it
145. Functions of CSF
146. Fluent aphasia
147. Receptor potential
148. Motor homunculus
149. Attenuation reflex
150. Taste pathway
151. Accommodation reflex
152. Conducting system of the heart
153. Artificial respiration
154. Conditioned reflexes
155. Surfactant
156. Central analgesic system
157. VO Max
158. Functions of CSF
159. Decompression sickness
160. Babinski?s sign and its clinical significance
161. Dark adaptation
162. Periodic breathing
163. Pacemaker potential
164. Cardiac reserve
165. Referred pain theories
166. Features of Shock
167. Peak expiratory flow rate
168. Oxygen debt
169. Mass Reflex
170. Impedance matching
171. Phasic changes in coronary blood flow
172. AV nodal delay
173. Properties of reflex
174. Splanchnic circulation
175. Functions of middle ear
176. Nitrogen narcosis
177. Effects of positive ?g?
178. Papez circuit
179. Heart sounds
180. Differentiate REM and NREM sleep
181. Putamen circuit of basal ganglia
182. Caisson disease
183. Hering - Breuer inflation reflex
184. Einthoven?s law
185. Endo cochlear potential
186. Describe the normal waves in electro encephalogram (EEG)
187. Presbyopia
188. Bainbridge reflex
189. Transpulmonary pressure
190. Wernicke?s and global aphasia
191. Taste receptors
192. Functions of utricle and saccule
193. Sleep-Wake theory
194. Mechanism of accommodation
195. P-R interval
196. Trichromatic theory of color vision
197. Mean arterial pressure
198. Reward and punishment centers
199. Changes in cardiac output during exercise
200. Surfactant
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This post was last modified on 17 February 2020