Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) Human Anatomy ppt lectures Topic 35 Vessels And Circulation Notes. - anatomy ppt free download human anatomy ppt lectures, medicine notes ppt, anatomy handwritten notes pdf, mbbs 1st year anatomy notes pdf download, best anatomy notes pdf, human anatomy notes pdf, anatomy easy notes pdf, anatomy notes online, anatomy short notes, Anatomy ppt, Powerpoint Presentations and lecture notes.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. To study the structure of blood and lymphatic vessels.
2. To co-relate histology of these structure with their
functions.
3. To identify various types of blood vessels in a given
slide.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Heart
Blood vessels
Two separate loops:
1. Pulmonary Circuit
2. Systemic Circuit
3 MAJOR BLOOD VESSELS
Arteries- arterioles
Capillaries
Veins - venules
Arteries carry blood away
from the heart
Veins carry blood towards
the heart
GENERAL STRUCTURE OF VESSELS
Three layers
1. Tunica intima - intima
2. Tunica media ? smooth muscle
3. Tunica externa - adventitia
GENERAL STRUCTURE OF VESSELS
3 TUNICAE
TUNICA INTIMA
Endothelium
Mechanical support
Channels
Tight junctions,
gap junctions
Basal lamina
Subendothelial connective
tissue
Internal elastic lamina
TUNICA MEDIA
Smooth muscle
Circumferential smooth muscle
Some connective tissue
External elastic lamina
TUNICA ADVENTITIA
Connective tissue fibres- collagen type ?
Elastic fibres- fenestrated sheets
ARTERIES
Specialisation
pressure generated during systole
regulation of blood supply to the target tissues
of the arteries.
Elastic arteries
Muscular arteries
ELASTIC ARTERIES
Expand
Recoil- additional force
Propagates blood
Dampens pressure
Eg. Aorta and its branches
MUSCULAR ARTERY
Change in diameter and
Regulate flow to organs
Internal and external
elastic lamina clearly seen
Eg. Coronary artery
ARTERIOLES
100 micron diameter
No internal elastic lamina
Terminal arterioles- less than 50 micron -12 micron
meta-arterioles (precapillary sphincter)
capillaries
CAPILLARY BED
Muscular artery
IDENTIFY
Arteriole
Elastic artery
Venule
CAPILLARIES
8 micron
Universal function
Oxygen and nutrient delivery
CO2 and nitrogenous waste removal
Single layer of endothelial cells
surrounded by basal lamina
Pericytes
CAPILLARIES
Connective tissue wall
Skin
Renal glomeruli
Spleen
Connective tissue
Intestinal villi
Liver
Muscle
Endocrine glands
Adrenal cortex
Lung
pancreas
Hypophysis
Brain
Parathyroid gland
ARTERIOVENOUS ANASTOMOSIS
VENULES
20-30 micron
Endothelium
Basal lamina
Thin adventitia
Permeable wall
VEINS
Veins are larger than
arteries
Thin walled
More collagen in tunica
media
Less elastic tissue
Tunica adventitia thicker
than tunica media
VALVES
Allow glow towards
heart
Prevent backflow
Most abundant in legs
Muscular contraction
helps
VASA VASORUM
SOME DISEASES
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Cerebrovascular disease ? affects brain, strokes
Coronary artery disease (CAD) ? arteries of heart
Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) ? arterial
Affecting veins
Chronic venous insufficiency
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT)
Aneurysms
Portal hypertension
Hypertension
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
One way system: to the heart
Return excess tissue fluid and
leaked proteins
"Lymph" is this fluid
Edema results if system
blocked or surgically removed
LYMPH CAPILLARIES
Greater permeability
Endothelium
Basal Lamina Absent
No pericytes
No connective tissue
Absent in avascular tissues
LYMPHATIC VESSELS
Similar to blood vessels (3 layers), but thin &
delicate
Superficial - skin with superficial veins
Deep - trunk and digestive viscera with deep
arteries
Very low pressure
Drain into lymph nodes
This post was last modified on 05 April 2022