1. Tibialis anterior
2. Extensor digitorum
longus
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3. Extensor hal ucis longus
4. Peroneus tertius
o Anterior tibial artery
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o Deep peroneal nerve.Muscles of the anterior compartment
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RetinaculaDeep fascia is thickened to form
bands.
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Retain tendons in place.
?Superior Extensor Retinaculum
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? Inferior Extensor Retinaculum?Superior Peroneal Retinaculum
? Inferior Peroneal Retinaculum
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Muscles of the back
Muscles of lateral side
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ANKLE or TALO-CRURAL JOINT
Uni-axial synovial joint
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Modified hinge joint
Tibio-fibular mortise
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Trochlea tali
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Ligaments?Capsule
?Synovial membrane
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?The ankle joint is bound medially by the strong
Deltoid ligament
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? Three lateral ligaments?Anterior talofibular ligament
? Posterior talofibular ligament
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? Calcaneofibular ligament
Deltoid ligament or Medial ligament
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Superficial part:
? Anterior part or Tibio - navicular part
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? Intermediate part or Tibio - calcaneanpart
? Posterior part or Posterior
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tibio - talar part
Deep part/Anterior Tibiotalar
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Attachments & parts of deltoid
ligament
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Medial mal eolusof Tibia
Anterior Tibiotalar
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Tibiotalar
Talus
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TibionavicularTibiocalcanean
Sustanticulum
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Tali
Lateral ligaments
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Anterior Talofibular
Lateral mal eolus of
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FibulaNeck of Talus
Posterior
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Talofibular
Calcaneofibular ligament crossed by
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tendons of Peroneus longus & BrevisMovements of ankle joint
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Dorsiflexion:Close packed state. Position more stable.
Plantar flexion:
Loosely packed state of joint. Joint is less stable.
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Movements
Plantar Flexion: S1, S2
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GastrocnemiusSoleus
Assisted by
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Tibialis posterior,
Flexor Digitorum longus,
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Flexor Hal ucis longus,Peroneus longus and brevis in extreme plantar
flexion
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Dorsiflexion: L4, L5
Tibialis anterior
Extensor Digitorum longus,
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Extensor Hallucis longus,Peroneus tertius
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Arterial supply? Mal eolar branches of Anterior Tibial Artery.
? Mal eolar branches of Peroneal Artery.
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NERVE SUPPLY? Branches from Deep Peroneal Nerve.
? Branches from Tibial Nerve.
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Interphalangeal joints
Typical hinge joint
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Permit plantar flexion anddorsiflexion
Metatarso - phalangeal joints
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El ipsoidal type of synovial joint.
Ligaments:
? Capsule.
? Collateral ligaments.
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? Deep metatarsal ligaments.Movements:
? Dorsi & plantar flexion.
? Adduction & abduction.
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Tarso-metatarsal joints
Plane synovial joints
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Gliding movementsIntertarsal joints
SIX synovial cavities between tarsus and metatarsus :
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a) Sub-talar
b) Talo-calcano-navicular Mid-tarsal / Transverse
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c) Calcaneo-cuboid tarsald) A joint cavity comprising cuneo
-navicular, intercuneiform,
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cuneo-cuboid and intermediate
and lateral cuneiform with
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bases of 2nd and 3rd metatarsalbone.
e) Between medial cuneiform and
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base of 1st metarcarpal.
f) Between cuboid and 4th and 5th
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metacarpalSUBTALAR JOINT /Posterior talo-calcanean joint
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LigamentsCapsule
Medial and lateral talo-calcanean ligaments
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Interosseous talo-calcaneanligament
Cervical ligament
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Interosseous talo-calcaneanligament
Cervical ligament
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Midtarsal or transverse tarsal joints
TRANSVERSE TARSAL
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JOINT
(MIDTARSAL JOINT)
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TALONAVICULAR JOINTCALCANEO-CUBOID
JOINT
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Midtarsal or transverse tarsal joint
? Talonavicular joint
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? Calcaneocuboid joint
Medial view of foot
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Talo-calcaneo-navicular joint
Restricted bal and socket type of joint
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LigamentsTalo-navicular ligament
Plantar calcaneo-navicular
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Calcaneo-navicular part of bifurcated
ligaments
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The bifurcated ligamentY-shaped band.
Its stem attached proximal y to
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the anterior part of the upper
calcaneal surface
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Distal y it divides into 2 limbs - calcaneocuboid andcalcaneonavicular parts.
The calcaneocuboid ligament extends to the dorsomedial aspect of
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the cuboid
The calcaneonavicular ligament is attached to the dorsolateral
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aspect of the navicularMidtarsal or transverse tarsal joints
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?Talonavicular joint?Calcaneocuboid joint
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Lateral view of footCALCANEOCUBOID JOINT
Saddle or sellar joint.
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Between anterior surface of calcaneus & posterior
surface of cuboid
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CALCANEOCUBOID JOINT
Ligaments
? Capsule
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? Calcaneocuboid part of bifurcate ligament
? Long plantar ligament
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? Short plantar or Plantar calcaneocuboid ligamentBIFURCATE LIGAMENT
DORSAL CALCANEOCUBOID
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LIGAMENT
CALCANEOCUBOID JOINT
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SHORT PLANTAR
LIGAMENT
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(PlantarLONG
calcaneocuboid
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PLANTAR
ligament)
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LIGAMENTPLANTAR VIEW
Medial
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Lateral
? The longest ligament associated with the
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tarsus.? From Plantar surface of the calcaneus to
plantar surface of the cuboid
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? The deep fibres are attached to the
cuboid and more superficial fibres to the
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bases of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th and
sometimes fifth, metatarsals.
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Long plantarligament
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Plantar calcaneocuboid ligament
? Is deeper than the long plantar ligament
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? From the anterior calcaneal tubercle to
the cuboid
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MovementsINVERSION
EVERSION
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Inversion & Eversion
These movements are essential to adjust the foot while
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walking on uneven surface.
Inversion
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Sole is directed downwards & medially.Associated with plantar flexion
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EversionSole is directed downwards & laterally.
Associated with dorsiflexion
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Joints on which it occurs
Lateral view
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? Subtalar joint? Transverse tarsal joint.
Medial view
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? Talo-calcaneo-navicular joint
Axis of movement
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Passes obliquely upwards, forward & medial y
from the heel end of calcaneus through sinus tarsi
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to dorso-medial surface of neck of TalusMuscles causing Inversion
Tibialis Anterior
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Tibialis Posterior
Muscles causing Eversion
Peroneus longus
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Peroneus brevis
Peroneus tertius
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EVERSION LIMITED BYDELTOID LIGAMENT
TIBIALIS ANTERIOR
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TIBIALIS POSTERIOR
Medial view of the skeleton of foot
INVERSION LIMITED BY
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LATERAL TALO-
CALCANEAL
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LIGAMENTCERVICAL LIGAMENT
CALCANEOFIBULAR
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LIGAMENT
PERONEUS LONGUS
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PERONEUS BREVISLateral view of the skeleton of foot
APPLIED ANATOMY
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Ankle sprains :
Lateral Ankle Sprains caused by Over inversion of
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foot, which is common causes anterior talo-
fibular & calcaneo - fibular ligaments to tear.
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a/k/a Low Ankle sprainMedial Ankle Sprains When foot is forcibly
everted fibres of deltoid ligament are torn.
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