Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) 1st Year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year and Final year Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 4 Amputation Prosthesis PPT-Powerpoint Presentations and lecture notes
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? Definitions
? Types of prosthesis
? Materials used
? Prescription Criteria
? Recent Advancement
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Prosthetics
? The branch of medicine dealing with the Study, Production and
use of artificial body parts.
Prosthesis
? It is an artificial device extension that replaces a absence/lost
body part.
Prosthetist
? The professional skilled in making or fitting prosthetic devices
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Types based on Function:
? Functional Prosthesis (Body-powered or Externally powered
system )
? Cosmetic Prosthesis
? Activity Specific Prosthesis
Types Based on Design:
? Exoskeletal Design
? Endoskeletal Design
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? 1) Wood - commonly willow which is light weight, resilient
& easily shaped.
? 2) Aluminum & its alloys which is light weight, rust free &
durable.
? 3) Plastic and PVC materials.
? 4) Carbon fiber light weight, strong , rust free and durable.
? 5) Leather derivatives.
? 6) costly metals Titanium, Ni, Co etc.
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? Body-powered prostheses: use forces generated by body
movements transmitted through cables to operate joints and
terminal devices.
? Externally powered prostheses: use muscle contractions or manual
switches to activate the prosthesis.
1) Myoelectrically controlled prosthesis - using surface electrodes
to detect electrical activity from select residual limb muscles to
control electric motors.
2) Switch-controlled prostheses - A switch can be activated by the
movement of a remnant digit or part of a bony prominence against
the switch or by a pull on a suspension
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? The two-site/two-function (dual-site) system
? One-site/two-function (single-site) system
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? Multi-articulating myoelectric hands
? Individual motors in each finger
? Microprocessors continuously monitor
the position of each finger
? Automatically senses when a gripped
item
? Different grip patterns
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1) Exoskeletal Design
2) Endoskeletal Design
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? Socket ? Interface between stump and
prosthesis- most important.
? Suspension ? which holds prosthesis.
? Prosthetic shank ? mounting block & ankle
block in exoskeletal & pylon in endoskeletal
prosthesis.
? Prosthetic joint ? knee, ankle
? Foot / ankle foot assembly.
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? Fork strap with waist belt
? Cuff
? Sleeve
? Supracondylar
? Supracondylar supra-patelar
? Gel or elastomeric
? Suction
? Vacuum assisted
? Pin-locking
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1) Quadrilateral Socket
2) Ischial containment socket
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Socket design--
? Plug fit(obsolete)
? Patellar Tendon Bearing(PTB)
? Total Surface Bering(TSB)
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? Manual locking
? Single axis with constant friction
? Weight-activated stance control (safety knee)
? Polycentric
? Hydraulic or pneumatic swing phase control
? Hydraulic swing and stance control
? Microprocessor control (stance or stance and swing phase
control)
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1) SACH foot
2) Single axis foot
3) Multi-axial foot
4) Dynamic response foot
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? Long residual limb & end weight bearing
? Poor cosmesis & limited foot options
? Three conventional types
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? AFO style prosthesis is usually
needed
? It extends upto the the pateller
tendon to distribute forces
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? Medical factors
? Amputation type
? General health
? Stump
Stump : Scar, skin, neuroma, spur, hypersensitivity, redundant
tissues, range of motion, strength and phantom pain
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? Patient's requirement
? Activity Level
? Socio-Economic Condition
? Personal preference
? Availability
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Patient's Vocation
? Executive / Businessman
Better limbs (sophisticated)
? Manual worker
Heavy duty (conventional)
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? Infant ? Soft prosthesis
? Child ? Light weight limb
? Adolescent - Functional limb advanced version limb
? Adult - Functional limb advanced version limb
? Elderly ? Light weight limb
? Female ? Better cosmetic limb
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? Old amputee has good experience of previous prosthesis
? Knows the pros and cons
? Take advantage of his experience with previous prosthesis
? No need to change.
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? May be unrealistic
? Listen
? May be possible / impossible
? Do the needful most suitable
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? For a 24 year old female teacher sustained an open
comminuted fracture & had a mid-thigh amputation after
osteomyelitis
Adv.
? AK Prosthesis with
? Total contact thermoplastic Ischial containment socket
? TES belt suspension
? Hydraulic knee joint
? Lightweight dynamic-response foot
? Cosmetic foam cover
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? For a 72 year old retired man with type II diabetes & peripheral
vascular disease with BK amputation for infected non-healing
ulcer & gangrene
Adv.
? BK Prosthesis with
? total contact PTB thermoplastic socket
? foam liner (soft insert)
? lightweight align able shank
? SACH foot
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Thank you
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This post was last modified on 08 April 2022