Download MBBS Physiology Presentations 1 Renal Nephron Lecture Notes

Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) 1st Year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year and Final year Physiology 1 Renal Nephron PPT-Powerpoint Presentations and lecture notes

Renal Physiology ? Introduction to Nephron

To understand:

The morphological features of a typical nephron.

Functions of kidney.
Functional Units of the kidney - The Nephron

- Each kidney contains 1-1.2 mil ion nephrons.

-The kidney cannot regenerate new nephrons.

-Total length of a nephron

(including CLD) - 45 to 65 mm

Structure of functional units of the kidney - Nephron

A nephron consists of :

I. Renal Corpuscles

I . Renal tubules
Milestones in the discoveries of Structure and functions of Nephron

Malpighi spotted glomeruli, 1666-

Bowman described glomeruli, 1842 ?

Ludwig, 1842-

Wearn and Richard,1924 ?

Structure of functional units of the kidney - Nephron

Glomerulus

Bowman's

capsule
Structure of functional units of the kidney - Nephron

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

(PxCT) ?

early (pars convoluta)

late (pars recta)

Structure of functional units of the kidney - Nephron

Loop of Henle (LOH)?

The descending LOLOH

Ascending LOLOH ?

Thin & Thick segments
Structure of functional units of the kidney - Nephron

Distal segment

Distal Convoluted Tubules (DxCT)

Col ecting tubules

Papil ary CLDuct /duct of Bellini

Cortical and Juxta medullary nephrons
Nephron ?Tubular cells morphology

Proximal Convoluted

Tubule

LOH-Thin

Descending &

Ascending Limbs

LOH-Thick

Ascending Limb

Distal

Convoluted T

Col ecting Tubule

Functions of KIDNEY
Functions of KIDNEY

Water, electrolytes and acid?base homeostasis

Waste products handling

Endocrine organs

Regulate calcium and phosphate.

Gluconeogenesis

Salient features of the lecture
Each kidney contains:

Total length of a nephron (including CLD):

Renal Corpuscles:

Renal tubules:

Cortical nephrons :

Juxta-medullary nephrons :

Tubular cel morphology at different regions:
Self Assessment

?What percentage of total

?Total length of a nephron

nephrons is present as

ranges from:

Juxta-medullary nephrons

1. 5-10 mm

in kidney?

2. 25-45 mm

1. 15

3. 45-65 mm

2. 30

4. 65-100 mm

3. 60

4. 80

Micropuncture technique to understand

Brush borders in the form of tall

renal?nephron specific physiology was

microvilli are present in tubular

carried out by:

epithelial cells of:

1. Malpighi

1. PxCT

2. Bowman

2. PxCT and thick asc LOLOH

3. PxCT and thin asc LOLOH

3. Bellini and Ludwig

4. PxCT and Collecting tubules

4. Wearn and Richard

Thank you